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"1683-1920" / The Fourteen Points and What Became of Them—Foreign Propaganda in the Public Schools—Rewriting the History of the United States—The Espionage Act and How It Worked—"Illegal and Indefensible Blockade" of the Central Powers—1,000,000 Victims of Starvation—Our Debt to France and to Germany—The War Vote in Congress—Truth About the Belgian Atrocities—Our Treaty with Germany and How Observed—The Alien Property Custodianship—Secret Will of Cecil Rhodes—Racial Strains in American Life—Germantown Settlement of 1683 and a Thousand Other Topics cover

"1683-1920" / The Fourteen Points and What Became of Them—Foreign Propaganda in the Public Schools—Rewriting the History of the United States—The Espionage Act and How It Worked—"Illegal and Indefensible Blockade" of the Central Powers—1,000,000 Victims of Starvation—Our Debt to France and to Germany—The War Vote in Congress—Truth About the Belgian Atrocities—Our Treaty with Germany and How Observed—The Alien Property Custodianship—Secret Will of Cecil Rhodes—Racial Strains in American Life—Germantown Settlement of 1683 and a Thousand Other Topics

Chapter 160: B
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About This Book

The collection presents polemical essays and investigations into wartime and postwar controversies, assessing diplomatic claims, propaganda campaigns, legal measures, and social strains. Topics range from the fate of wartime peace proposals and territorial disputes to foreign influence in public education, the operation of security and property laws, maritime blockade and famine, and disputed atrocity accounts. It examines philanthropic and strategic agendas behind scholarships and peace funds, explores racial tensions and historical memory in the United States, and offers local historical sketches, aiming to clarify contested facts and policy outcomes for an American readership.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

A

  • Adams, President John Quincy;
    on First Treaty with Prussia: 229
  • Alabama, The; Confederate Cruiser: 51111
  • Allied Nations in War: 11
  • Alsace-Lorraine: 11
  • No Desire for French Annexation;
    Linked with the German Empire;
    German Character of: 12
  • General Rapp Demands Independence of;
    Germans Deported from: 14
  • France Distrusts Her Own People in: 15
  • American Bearers of Foreign Titles: 27
  • “American Liberal, The”: 70
  • American School Children and Foreign Propaganda: 20
  • Americanization Committee of Massachusetts on;
    Macaulay on George III;
    King George Not Alone Responsible: 21
  • George Haven Putnam’s London Address: 22
  • Owen Wister in London “Times”: 23
  • Americans Not an English People: 16
  • William Elliot Griffis Quoted: 178-179
  • Prof. Albert B. Faust: 16
  • James Russell Lowell;
    Douglas Campbell: 17
  • Scott Nearing: 18
  • James A. Garfield;
    Charles E. Hughes: 19
  • Americans Saved from Tampico Mob by German Cruiser: 19
  • Armstead, Major George;
    Defender of Ft. McHenry: 20
  • Astor, John Jacob;
    American Pathfinder: 25
  • Atherton, Gertrude;
    on Experience in Germany: 188
  • Atrocities, Belgian and French: 28
  • Melville E. Stone on: 29
  • Rev. J. F. Stillimans on;
    London “Globe” on: 30
  • London “Universe” on;
    John T. McCutcheon on;
    Irvin S. Cobb on;
    Emily S. Hobhouse on: 31
  • Rev. J. F. Matthews on: 32
  • Horace Green on;
    Prof. Kellogg on;
    Ernest P. Bicknell on: 33
  • American Correspondents on;
    Premier Asquith Denies: 34
  • State Department Refuses Information on;
    Church Authorities Investigate: 35
  • William K. Draper Quoted;
    Why Created: 36
  • Same Stories Told in Civil War Period;
    Post Office Department Prohibits Denial of: 37

B

  • Bancroft, George;
    on Germans in American Revolution: 105
  • Negotiates Memorable Agreement with Bismarck: 38
  • Refers Vancouver Boundary Dispute to German Emperor;
    Advises Friendship With Germany: 39
  • Baralong, English Pirate Ship: 39
  • Beck, James M.: 199
  • Becker, Alfred L., Deputy Attorney General of New York, Investigates German Propaganda;
    Investigated by Senator Reed: 71
  • Employed Ex-Convicts: 73
  • Becker, Prof. Carl L.;
    on Composition of American People: 103
  • Berger, Mrs. Frances, Victim of Mob: 67
  • Berliner, Emile, Inventor of the Microphone: 40
  • Bernstorff, German Ambassador, Quotes Col. House: 131
  • Blaine, James G., Quotes English Sentiment During Civil War: 112
  • Blockade, “Illegal, Ineffective and Indefensible”: 42
  • Blue Laws of Virginia: 184
  • Boers, The;
    English Treatment of: 40
  • “Bombing Maternity Hospitals”: 44
  • Brant, Indian Chief, Destroys German Settlements: 135175

C

  • Campbell, Douglas, on Composition of American People: 17
  • Carnegie, Andrew, on British-American Union: 197-8
  • Cavell, Edith, Executed by Germans;
    Execution Justified by Col. E. R. West: 46
  • Chamberlain, Senator, Speech on English Threats: 74
  • Cheradame, Andre, French Propagandist, Conspires Against President Wilson: 187
  • Christiansen, Hendrik, True Explorer of the Hudson River: 48
  • Clemenceau, Premier Georges, Blames France for War of 1870-71: 241
  • Cobb, Sanford H., Story of the Palatines: 104
  • Concord, The; Brought Germantown Settlers: 121
  • Concord Society, The;
    Objects of: 47
  • Cramb, Prof. J. A., on Germany’s Lofty Spirit: 51
  • Cramps, Shipbuilders: 125
  • Creasy, Prof. E. S., on the German Race: 18
  • Creel and the Sisson Documents: 44
  • Cromberger, Johann: 45
  • Custer, General George A., a Hessian Descendant: 45

D

  • Daimler, Gottlieb, Inventor of the Gas Engine: 138
  • Danzig: 6085
  • DeKalb, Major General Johann von: 48
  • “Dial, The,” on French Propaganda: 187
  • Dillon, Dr. E. J., on Alsace-Lorraine: 11
  • Dorsheimer, Hon. William: 49
  • Dual Citizenship: 49
  • Dutch and German: 49

E

  • Earling, Albert J., Railway President: 50
  • Eckert, Thomas: 50
  • Election of 1916 and the League of Nations Covenants: 51
  • President Wilson’s Colloquy with Senator McCumber: 56
  • Foreign Minister Hanotaux Promised American Aid in 1914: 57
  • Eliot, Prof. Charles W.,
    on German Civilization: 50
  • England Plundered American Commerce: 51
  • Refuses Loan to United States in Civil War: 110
  • Threatens United States Through Canada: 73
  • English Government Offers $8 for American Scalps: 136
  • View of Paul Jones: 139
  • First to Use Poison Gas: 192
  • Tribute to Germany’s Lofty Spirit: 51
  • Opinion of Prussians in 1815: 58
  • Investment in Confederate Bonds: 114
  • Propaganda in Public Schools: 20
  • White Book Justifies Invasion of Belgium: 207
  • Statesmen Denounce American Union: 113
  • “English-Speaking Union”: 198
  • Erzberger, Appeal to Conscience of America: 90
  • Espionage Act, Vote on: 58
  • How Administered: 59
  • Report of Civil Liberties Bureau;
    New York “Sun” Quoted: 63
  • Friends of German Democracy;
    Mrs. William Jay;
    German Masons in New Jersey: 64
  • Exports and Imports in 1914: 58

F

  • Fisher, Admiral,
    Justifies German Submarines: 212
  • Foreign Residents Assured as to their Investments: 230
  • Fourteen Points, The;
    History of: 86
  • France’s Historic Relations with the United States: 76
  • Franklin, Benjamin: 80
  • Alarmed by German Immigration: 81
  • Praises German Population: 83
  • Frederick the Great and the American Colonies: 84
  • Prevents Russian Alliance with England Against Colonies;
    Offers American Cruisers Refuge at Danzig: 85
  • Free Masons in New Jersey Against Language Edict: 64
  • Fresch, Hermann, Sulphur King: 224
  • Fricke, Albert Paul,
    Tried for Treason and Acquitted: 67
  • Friends of German Democracy: 64
  • Fritchie, Barbara,
    Immortalized by Whittier: 90

G

  • Gas, Poison, First Employed by English: 192
  • George III, a “German King”?: 20
  • Macaulay on: 21
  • George, Lloyd,
    Denounces Atrocities Against Boers: 41
  • German American Captains of Industry: 94
  • German Element in American Life: 102
  • Mechanics in Jamestown Settlement: 91
  • In Virginia: 105
  • Moravians First Settlers in Ohio: 107
  • On Indian Border in Pennsylvania: 108
  • Settle Frankfort and Louisville, Ky: 109
  • Ardent patriots in Revolution: 105109175181
  • Early Western Border Occupied by: 108
  • Protest Against Slavery: 180
  • First Proclamation of Independence: 175
  • Praise for Their Republican Virtues: 180
  • In Civil War: 114
  • In Confederate Army: 120
  • Ideals of Liberty: 154
  • Women Spies Executed by French: 49
  • In American Art, Science and Literature: 91
  • Praised by Franklin: 83
  • Praised by Washington: 245
  • Praised by Jefferson: 141
  • First Newspapers: 91
  • George Bancroft on: 105
  • Subscriptions to Liberty Loan: 153
  • In Massachusetts Bay Colony: 156
  • Keeps Missouri in the Union: 159
  • German Emperor Decides Vancouver Boundary Dispute in Our Favor: 39
  • Germantown Settlement: 121
  • Germany; Why Strengthened Her Army: 124
  • Treatment of France After War of 1870-71: 90
  • Conduct During Civil War: 110
  • Buys $600,000,000 of Union Bonds: 111
  • Bancroft Quoted: 39
  • Sends Relief During Civil War: 90
  • Godfrey, Inventor of Quadrant: 178
  • Gould, B. A.;
    Civil War Statistics: 115
  • Grey, Sir Edward,
    on Humanity in War: 132
  • Griffis, Dr. William Elliot,
    on German Element: 104
  • Early German Mechanics: 105
  • On Jacob Leisler: 146
  • On Teutonic Influence: 178-9
  • On Bay Colony Aristocracy: 181
  • On Confusing Germans with Dutch: 49
  • Guizot, on German Love of Liberty: 154

H

  • Hagner, Peter: 124
  • Haiman, Louis,
    “Swordmaker of the Confederacy”: 227
  • Hanotaux, Foreign Minister,
    on Assurances Given France in 1914 by American Ambassadors: 56
  • Harris, Frank,
    on Germany and England: 155
  • Hartford Convention, The: 124
  • Hempel: 125
  • “Herald,” New York,
    Urges Hanging of German Americans: 125
  • Hereshoffs and Cramps: 125
  • Herkimer, General Nicholas,
    Hero of Oriskany: 125
  • Hervé, Gustave, on Alsace Lorraine: 12
  • On Poison Gas: 192
  • Hessians, The: 125
  • Swell Jackson’s Stonewall Brigade;
    Where Settled: 129
  • General Custer, Descended from: 45
  • Hillegas, Michael,
    First Treasurer of the United States: 129
  • Hitchcock, Senator Gilbert M.,
    on Seizure of Alien Property: 232
  • House, Col. E. M.;
    Reputed Author of “Philip Dru, Administrator”: 130
  • Influences President on Surrender of Saar Valley: 131
  • Friend of Lloyd George;
    Attended School in England: 130

I

  • Ibanez, Vincente Blasco,
    French Propaganda Agent: 185
  • Ideals of Liberty: 154
  • Illiteracy of Contending Countries: 132
  • Immigration: 132
  • Germantown: 177
  • Indians, Tories and German Settlements: 135
  • Invention of Telephone, Gas Engine,
    Photographic Lenses, etc.: 138
  • “Issues and Events”: 69

J

  • Jaeger, Pastor,
    Murdered for Being German: 67
  • Jay, Mrs. William,
    Leads Campaign to Suppress German Music: 64
  • Jefferson, Thomas,
    on German Immigrants: 141
  • On English Hyphenates: 140
  • On Virginia Blue Laws: 184
  • On Longing for an English King: 24
  • Jones, John Paul;
    English View of: 139

K

  • Kapp, Frederich,
    History of American People: 102-4
  • King, Senator, of Utah,
    Bill Canceling Charter of the German American Alliance: 69
  • Knobel, Caspar,
    Captures Jefferson Davis: 142
  • Knownothing Party: 142
  • Koerner, Gustav,
    on Political Character of German Americans: 143
  • Krech, Alvin W.:
  • Kudlich, Dr. Hans,
    the Peasant Emancipator: 143

L

  • Langlotz, Prof. C. A.,
    Author of “Old Nassau”: 145
  • Lee, Lighthouse Harry: 148
  • Lehman, Philip Theodore,
    William Penn’s Secretary: 145
  • Lehmann, Frederick William: 145
  • Leisler, Jacob,
    First Martyr to Cause of American Independence: 145
  • Lieber, Francis: 146
  • Founder, “Encyclopedia Americana”: 147
  • Legal Advisor to Lincoln Government;
    Author of “Instructions for the Armies in the Field”: 148
  • Lincoln, Abraham,
    of German Extraction?: 148
  • London “Times” in 1862: 113
  • Long, Frances L.,
    One of Custer’s Sergeants and Survivor Greeley Arctic Expedition: 152
  • Lossing, Benson J.,
    on Our Debt to France: 77
  • On Jacob Leisler: 146
  • On Conrad Weiser: 245
  • Lowell, James Russell;
    American People Not English: 17
  • Ludwig, Christian,
    Purveyor of the Revolutionary Army: 153

M

  • Macaulay, Lord,
    on German Immigrant Settlers: 104
  • On George III: 21
  • Marix, Rear Admiral Adolph: 156
  • Massow, Baron von,
    Member of Mosby’s Brigade: 156
  • McCarthy, Justin,
    on Cruise of the Alabama;
    Recognition of Confederacy: 111
  • On Schleswig-Holstein Question: 210
  • McCumber, Senator,
    Asks President About Our Entrance Into the War: 56
  • McNeill, Walter S.,
    on German Constitution: 155
  • On German Civil Law: 157
  • Memminger, Christoph Gustav,
    Secretary of the Treasury in the Confederate Cabinet: 157
  • Menken, S. Stanwood,
    Organizer and President National Security League: 171-2
  • Mergenthaler, Ottmar,
    Inventor of the Linotype Machine: 157
  • Military Establishments of the Warring Nations in 1914: 157
  • Minnewit, Peter,
    Purchased Island of Manhattan from Indians: 158
  • Missouri, How Kept in the Union: 159
  • Montesquieu, on Birth of Liberty: 154
  • Morgan, J. Pierpont: 158
  • Related to Viscount Lewis Harcourt: 159
  • Accused in Congress of Controlling Press: 190
  • Muhlenberg, Heinrich Melchior, Founder Lutheran Church in America;
    Frederick August, First Speaker House of Representative;
    Peter, General; Career of: 161

N

  • Nagel, Charles,
    Secretary of Commerce and Labor: 169
  • Nast, Thomas,
    America’s Greatest Cartoonist;
    Kills the Tweed Ring;
    Grant’s Opinion of: 169
  • National Security League;
    Objects of, Backers of: 169
  • Representative Cooper of Wisconsin on: 170
  • Interference with New York Public Schools: 171
  • How Organized; Disbursements by: 172
  • Denounced in Congress: 171-2
  • Neutrality; President Wilson on,
    in Mexican Relations: 172
  • New Ulm Massacre: 173
  • Northcliffe, Lord;
    Control of American Newspapers: 174

O

  • Ohio; Germans First to Settle,
    First White Child in: 107
  • Orth, Charles D.,
    President National Security League: 171-2
  • Osterhaus, General Peter Joseph,
    Record in Union Army: 174
  • His Pension Canceled: 175
  • Overman Bill: 54

P

  • Palatines, the;
    Sanford H. Cobb on: 104
  • Judge Benton Quoted: 105
  • Declaration of Independence Antedates that of Mecklenburg: 175
  • Its Signers: 176-7
  • Panin, Count Nikolai I, Russian Premier,
    Bribed by Frederick the Great: 85
  • Pastorius, Franz Daniel,
    Founder of Germantown: 121177
  • Agitation Against Unveiling of Monument to: 179
  • Author of First Protest Against Slavery: 180
  • Pathfinders, German American: 191
  • Penn, William, and Crefeld Immigrants: 121
  • His Mother a Dutch Woman: 193
  • Pennypacker, Ex-Governor Samuel Whitaker: 121
  • Pilgrim Society: 193
  • Pitcher, Molly;
    Famous Heroine of German Descent: 190
  • Poison Gas; First Used at Colenso;
    French Testimony: 192
  • Prager, Robert B.,
    Lynched by Anti-German Mob: 67
  • Press Attacked in Congress: 190
  • Propaganda in the United States: 185
  • Vincente Blasco Ibanez, French Agent: 185
  • Louis Tracy, English Agent;
    How Conducted: 186
  • French Described by “The Dial;”
    Andre Cheradame: 187
  • Overman Committee;
    Gertrude Atherton: 188
  • Prussia, First Treaty with: 229
  • Prussian Constitution,
    Praised by President Wilson: 156
  • Puritans; Land in 1620;
    Great Migration; Freemen;
    Hang Quakers and Witches;
    Blue Laws: 184
  • Putnam, George Haven,
    Repudiates the American Revolution;
    Proposes to Rewrite Text Books of American History in Public Schools: 22
  • Regrets American Independence from England: 23

Q

  • Quakers Hanged in Bay Colony: 184
  • Quitman, General J. A.,
    in Mexican War: 194

R

  • Rassieur, Leo: 205
  • Reis, Philipp, Inventor of the Telephone: 139
  • Representation in Congress: 194
  • Rhodes, Cecil; Text of Secret Will to Reclaim the United States: 195
  • Sinclair Kennedy, on Plan: 196-7
  • Whitelaw Reid, on Unity with English Government: 196
  • Andrew Carnegie, on British-American Union; Rhodes Scholarships: 197
  • General Pershing’s Statement; James M. Beck’s Statement: 199
  • Admiral Sims’s Guildhall Speech; New York “Globe” Quotes Ambassador Page: 200
  • Prof. Roland G. Usher, on Secret Understanding; Colonial Secretary Chamberlain Quoted: 201
  • Joseph H. Choate’s Toast to the King: 202
  • Ringling, Al: 203207
  • Rittenhouse, David, First Great American Scientist: 204
  • Roebling, John August, Famous Bridge Builder: 205
  • Roosevelt, Theodore: 205
  • Russia Approached by England for Alliance Against the Colonies: 85

S

  • Sauer, Christopher,
    Famous Colonial Printer: 217
  • Scheffauer, Herman George,
    American Poet: 215
  • Schell, Johann Christian:
    An Episode of the Early Border: 215
  • Schleswig-Holstein,
    “One and Indivisible”: 209
  • Wish to be German;
    Revolution Against Denmark, 1848: 210
  • Cradle of Purest Germanism: 211
  • Total Danish-Speaking Population in Germany: 212
  • Schley, Admiral Winfield Scott;
    Rescue of Lt. Greeley: 216
  • Schreiner, George A.,
    on American Passport Discriminations: 66
  • On Use of Poison Gas at Colenso: 192
  • On Lusitania Sinking: 242
  • Schurz, Carl,
    on German Revolution of 1848: 214
  • On German Element in the United States: 102
  • Scraps of Paper: 208
  • Secret Treaties: 89
  • Seward, Secretary William H.,
    Expresses Thanks to Prussia: 112
  • Slavery, First Protest Against: 180
  • Starving Germany;
    Result of, and Casualties: 217
  • State Department Note of Assurance, February 8, 1917: 230
  • Steinmetz, Charles P.,
    Famous Electrician: 217
  • Steuben, Baron Frederick von: 220
  • Sutter, the Romance of a California Pioneer: 225
  • First to Hoist American Flag to Stay;
    Founds New Switzerland on Sacramento River;
    Alvarado Land Grant: 225
  • Sides with Santa Anna;
    Lays Out Town of Sutterville, now Sacramento;
    Visited by Major Fremont;
    Hoists the American Flag on His Fort;
    Gold Discovered on His Ranch by Marshall: 226
  • Sutter Ruined;
    Dies Poor in Pennsylvania;
    Tribute to: 227
  • “Swordmaker of the Confederacy”: 227

T

  • Taft, William H., on Religious Intolerance: 185
  • Praises Kaiser: 208
  • “Times,” London, Denounces United States: 113
  • Advocates British Propaganda in the United States: 24
  • Titled Americans: 27
  • Tolstoy on American Liberty: 228
  • Tracy, Louis, Head of English Propaganda Bureau: 186
  • Treaties of 1799 and 1828, with Germany: 229-30
  • Treaty, Commercial, with Germany, and How Observed; President John Quincy Adams on First Treaty; Treaties of 1799-1828: 229
  • State Department Assures Foreign Residents: 230
  • Alien Custodianship Aired in Congress; Senator Hitchcock’s Momentous Statement; President Wilson’s Remarks of April 2, 1917; List of Persons Whose Property Was Seized: 232
  • Property of Wives of Aliens Seized: 233
  • Tryon County Committee of Safety: 175

U

  • Usher, Prof. Roland G.,
    on “Understanding” with England: 200-2

V

  • Viereck, George Sylvester: 7192
  • Villard, Henry: 236
  • Virginia Blue Laws: 184
  • Vote on War in Congress: 236

W

  • War of 1870-71 240
    War Lies Repudiated by English Paper: 241
  • Washington’s Body Guard: 244
  • Tribute to Germans: 245
  • Weiser, Conrad,
    Pioneer and Statesman: 245
  • West, Col. E. R.,
    Justifies Execution of Edith Cavell: 46
  • Wetzel, Lou, Indian Fighter: 246
  • Whittier, John Greenleaf,
    Poem on Germantown Settlement: 180
  • Williams, Deantor John Sharp,
    on Fighting Canada: 76
  • Wilson, Woodrow, President;
    on Our Debt to France: 78
  • On His Fourteen Points: 88
  • Friendship for German People: 90
  • German Intellectualism, 1917 and 1919: 155
  • Praises Prussian Constitution: 156
  • On “Best Practices of Nations”: 172
  • Wirt, William,
    Famous Jurist and Author: 247
  • Wirtz, Captain Henry,
    of Andersonville Prison: 247
  • Wistar, Caspar: 247

Z

  • Zane, Elizabeth,
    Early Border Heroine: 248
  • Zeisberger, David,
    Founds First Christian Community in Ohio: 107
  • Zenger, John Peter,
    and the Freedom of the Press: 250
  • Ziegler, David,
    Revolutionary Soldier and Indian Fighter: 248