This concise manual for teachers outlines aims of education from individual and social perspectives and examines classroom conditions that shape instruction, including instinctive tendencies, interest, heredity, and individual differences. It analyzes the teaching process as a series of controlled adjustments and distinguishes types of attention, then treats specific instructional methods — drill for habit formation, inductive approaches for discovery and data gathering, and deductive reasoning for applying principles — emphasizing problem setting and appropriate teacher guidance. Practical guidance on lesson planning, classroom technique, and exercises accompanies illustrations of typical lessons, with appendices offering subject outlines and sample lesson plans.