a. caurinus (Grinnell). Northwestern Robin. Common migrant. (Univ. Idaho No. 216, Moscow, Latah County, August 25, 1937.)
b. propinquus Ridgway. Western Robin. Resident. (D. A. 1893, Boise, Ada County, May 1, 1944.)
Ixoreus naevius meruloides (Swainson). Northern Varied Thrush. Uncommon resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1231, Moscow, Latah County, October 7, 1938.)
Hylocichla guttata (Pallas). Hermit Thrush. Fairly common resident.
a. guttata (Pallas). Alaska Hermit Thrush. The A. O. U. Check-list (1931) states that these birds migrate through Idaho.
b. auduboni (Baird). Audubon Hermit Thrush. Resident. (D. A. 1230, Moscow, Latah County, October 1, 1938.)
Hylocichla ustulata almae Oberholser. Western Olive-backed Thrush. Fairly common resident. (D. A. 1616, 9 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County, June 5, 1940.)
Hylocichla fuscescens salicicola Ridgway. Willow Thrush. Fairly common resident. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has specimens of this species, taken at Castle Creek Ranger Station, Idaho County, 7 mi. SE Murphy, Owyhee County, and 3 mi. W Swan Valley, Bonneville County.
Sialia mexicanus occidentalis Townsend. Western Bluebird. Resident in northern Idaho. Rust (1915:129) states that the species is fairly common at Coeur d'Alene Lake.
Sialia currucoides (Bechstein). Mountain Bluebird. Very common resident. (D. A. 1789, Black Creek, 12 mi. SE Boise, Ada County, March 7, 1941.)
Myadestes townsendi (Audubon). Townsend Solitaire. Uncommon resident in the boreal zones. (D. A. 1294, 7 mi. E Genessee, Latah County, November 27, 1938.)
Polioptila caerulea amoenissima Grinnell. Western Gnatcatcher. Brodkorb (1935b:312) records one specimen of this bird taken at 6,000 ft. "about eight miles southwest of Raymond, Bear Lake County," on October 7, 1932.
Regulus satrapa olivaceus Baird. Western Golden-crowned Kinglet. Resident; fairly common in winter. (D. A. 1229, Moscow, Latah County, October 1, 1938.)
Regulus calendula cineraceus Grinnell. Western Ruby-crowned Kinglet. Resident; one of the most common winter birds. (D. A. 1902, Cottonwood Creek, 5 mi. NNE Boise, Ada County, October 5, 1946.)
Anthus spinoletta pacificus Todd. Western Pipit. Common migrant. (D. A. 1849, Black Creek Reservoir, 12 mi. SE Boise, Ada County, October 11, 1941.)
Bombycilla garrulus pallidiceps Reichenow. Bohemian Waxwing. Common sporadically in winter. Taylor (1918:226) reported this bird breeding near Sandpoint, Bonner County.
Bombycilla cedrorum Vieillot. Cedar Waxwing. Very common in winter, often with the preceding species; resident in Kootenai and Bonner counties, and probably elsewhere in the State. Rust (1915:128) records a nest with three fresh eggs on June 28 at Fernan Creek, Kootenai County.
Lanius excubitor invictus Grinnell. Northwestern Shrike. Casual migrant. (D. A. 1875, Boise, Ada County, February 3, 1943.)
Lanius ludovicianus gambeli Ridgway. California Shrike. Miller (1931:79) states that the resident population of this species is referred to this race. Common resident in the Sonoran zones.
Sturnus vulgaris Linnaeus. Starling. These birds have been reported for several years; specimens were first reported by Jones (1946:142) from Bannock County.
Vireo huttoni huttoni Cassin. Hutton Vireo. Very common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1413, Troy, Latah County, May 6, 1939.)
Vireo solitarius cassinii Xantus. Cassin Vireo. Common resident in the Transition Life-zone. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has a specimen taken 3 mi. W Payette Lake, Adams County.
Vireo olivaceus (Linnaeus). Red-eyed Vireo. Common resident. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has a specimen of this vireo taken 4 mi. W Meadow Creek, Idaho County.
Vireo gilvus swainsonii Baird. Western Warbling Vireo. Very common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 119, Moscow, Latah County, June 14, 1938.)
Vermivora celata orestera Oberholser. Rocky Mountain Orange-crowned Warbler. Common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 204, Moscow, Latah County, August 16, 1938.)
Vermivora ruficapilla ridgwayi van Rossem. Calaveras Warbler. Burleigh (1923:662) states that this warbler is fairly common at Clark's Fork, Bonner County, in July and August.
Dendroica petechia morcomi Coale. Rocky Mountain Yellow Warbler. Very common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 175, Moscow Mountain, Latah County, July 29, 1938.)
Dendroica auduboni auduboni (Townsend). Audubon Warbler. Common resident. (D. A. 1555, 10 mi. NE Moscow, Latah County, May 11, 1940.)
Dendroica nigrescens (Townsend). Black-throated Gray Warbler. Fairly common in migration, and probably resident. The Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy has a specimen taken at Indian Creek, 12 mi. SE Riddle, Owyhee County.
Dendroica townsendi (Townsend). Townsend Warbler. Fairly common in migration. Burleigh (1923:663) states that the bird is resident at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.
Seiurus noveboracensis notabilis Ridgway. Grinnell Water-thrush. Merrill (1897:349) records this bird from the State.
Oporornis tolmiei (Townsend). Macgillivray Warbler. Common resident. (D. A. 1421, Troy, Latah County, May 6, 1939.)
Geothlypis trichas occidentalis Brewster. Western Yellow-throat. Common resident in suitable localities. (D. A. 1863, 2 mi. W Boise, Ada County, May 8, 1942.)
Icteria virens auricollis (Lichtenstein). Long-tailed Chat. Common resident. (D. A. 1800, Cinch Creek, Arrowrock Reservoir, Boise County, June 28, 1941.)
Wilsonia pusilla pileolata (Pallas). Northern Pileolated Warbler. Burleigh (1923:663) records this bird as a common resident at Clark's Fork, Bonner County; uncommon in southern Idaho.
Setophaga ruticilla (Linnaeus). American Redstart. There are some records of casual visitants in southern Idaho, and Burleigh (1923:663) states that it is a summer resident at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.
Passer domesticus (Linnaeus). English Sparrow. This cosmopolitan bird can be found wherever there is a human habitation.
Dolichonyx oryzivorus (Linnaeus). Bobolink. Resident in northern Idaho. Burleigh (1923:655) states that the bird is resident at Clark's Fork, Bonner County.
Sturnella neglecta Audubon. Western Meadowlark. Common resident. (D. A. 1876, Boise, Ada County, May 12, 1943.)
Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus (Bonaparte). Yellow-headed Blackbird. Common resident along the Snake River in southern Idaho. (D. A. 1628, Hagerman, on Snake River, Gooding County, June 16, 1940.)
Agelaius phoeniceus (Linnaeus). Red-wing. Common resident.
a. fortis Ridgway. Thick-billed Red-wing. Resident in southeastern Idaho. (D. A. 1624, Hagerman on Snake River, Gooding County, June 16, 1940.)
b. nevadensis Grinnell. Nevada Red-wing. Resident in southwestern and northern Idaho. (D. A. 1765, Star, Canyon County, May 1, 1941.)
Icterus bullockii bullockii (Swainson). Bullock Oriole. Common resident. (D. A. 1655, 4 mi. NW Pollock, Idaho County, June 27, 1940.)
Euphagus cyanocephalus (Wagler). Brewer Blackbird. Common resident. (D. A. 1894, nest and four eggs, Boise, Ada County, May 10, 1944.)
Molothrus ater artemisiae Grinnell. Nevada Cowbird. Fairly common bird in the Upper Sonoran Life-zone. (D. A. 1460, 4-1/2 mi. SW Moscow, Latah County, May 26, 1939.)
Piranga ludoviciana (Wilson). Western Tanager. Very common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1570, 10 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County, May 19, 1940.)
Pheucticus melanocephalus melanocephalus (Swainson). Rocky Mountain Grosbeak. Resident in the Transition Life-zone. (Univ. Idaho No. 51 Moscow Mountain, Latah County, May 30, 1937.)
Passerina amoena (Say). Lazuli Bunting. Very common resident in the Upper Sonoran Life-zone. (D. A. 1802, Cinch Creek, Arrowrock Reservoir, Boise County, June 28, 1941.)
Hesperiphona vespertina brooksi Grinnell. Western Evening Grosbeak. Resident in the Transition Life-zone; large flocks of these birds are commonly observed in winter. (D. A. 1527, 10 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County, April 20, 1940.)
Carpodacus cassinii Baird. Cassin Purple Finch. Common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1822, Head Crooked River, Sawtooth Range, Boise County, August 6, 1941.)
Carpodacus mexicanus solitudinis Moore. Desert House Finch. Common resident. (D. A. 1889, Boise, Ada County, April 24, 1944.)
Pinicola enucleator montana Ridgway. Rocky Mountain Pine Grosbeak. Resident on the boreal summits of the mountains. (D. A. 1321, Moscow Mountain, Latah County, January 26, 1939.)
Leucosticte tephrocotis Swainson. Rosy Finch. Resident in the boreal zones; observed casually in winter. Various races of this species are present in the State, but only the following two are here listed until there is further clarification of the status of the other races of the species.
a. littoralis Baird. Hepburn Rosy Finch. Winter visitant. (D. A. 1347, 2 mi. N Moscow, Latah County, March 18, 1939.)
b. tephrocotis (Swainson). Gray-crowned Rosy Finch. According to the 1931 A. O. U. Check-list, this subspecies breeds in the State.
Leucosticte atrata Ridgway. Black Rosy Finch. Resident in the Salmon Mountains. See A. O. U. Check-list (1931) for the range of this species.
Acanthis flammea flammea (Linnaeus). Common Redpoll. Rust (1915:127) lists this bird as a winter visitant in Kootenai County, and one specimen was obtained in Bonner County. (D. A. 1334, 6 mi. S Coolin, Bonner County, February 19, 1939.)
Spinus pinus vagrans Aldrich. Western Pine Siskin. Common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1857, Horseshoe Bend, Boise County, December 10, 1941.)
Spinus tristis pallidus Mearns. Pale Goldfinch. Common resident. (D. A. 1622, 4 mi. ESE Boise, Ada County, March 14, 1941.)
Loxia curvirostra Linnaeus. Red Crossbill. Uncommon resident in the Canadian Life-zone.
a. bendirei Ridgway. Bendire Crossbill. Resident. (D. A. 1525, 10 mi. ESE Moscow, Latah County, April 20, 1940.)
b. benti Griscom. Bent Crossbill. Winter visitant. (Univ. Idaho No. 94, Moscow, Latah County, December 5, 1937.)
Loxia leucoptera leucoptera Gmelin. White-winged Crossbill. Davis (1935b:236) records this bird from the Minidoka Project on December 18, 1919, and Jewett (1912b:193) took one specimen in the Sawtooth Mountains.
Chlorura chlorura (Audubon). Green-tailed Towhee. Breeding individuals of this species have been taken at the Minidoka Project by Davis (1930:136).
Pipilo maculatus Swainson. Spotted Towhee. Common resident in the Transition Life-zone.
a. arcticus (Swainson). Arctic Towhee. Resident in northern Idaho. (Univ. Idaho No. 163, Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai County, July 20, 1938.)
b. curtatus Grinnell. Nevada Towhee. Resident in southern Idaho. (D. A. 1804, Dutch Creek and Boise River, Boise County, July 4, 1941.)
Calamospiza melanocorys Stejneger. Lark Bunting. Davis (1935b:236) records this species as erratic at the Minidoka Project, where he took a specimen on May 29, 1921.
Passerculus sandwichensis nevadensis Grinnell. Nevada Savannah Sparrow. Common resident. (Univ. Idaho No. 57, Moscow, Latah County, September 25, 1937.)
Pooecetes gramineus confinis Baird. Western Vesper Sparrow. Common resident. (D. A. 1391, Moscow, Latah County, April 16, 1939.)
Chondestes grammacus strigatus Swainson. Western Lark Sparrow. Common resident. (D. A. 1579, 3 mi. SW Moscow, Latah County, May 21, 1940.)
Amphispiza belli nevadensis (Ridgway). Northern Sage Sparrow. Resident in southern Idaho. Davis (1935b:236) took one specimen in Minidoka on May 19, 1921.
Junco hyemalis cismontanus Dwight. Slate-colored Junco. Fairly common winter visitant with other juncos. See Miller (1941:329) for records of these birds.
Junco oreganus Townsend. Oregon Junco. Common resident. See Miller (1941:238) for ranges of the following subspecies.
a. mearnsi Ridgway. Pink-sided Junco. Resident in Custer and Fremont counties.
b. montanus Ridgway. Montana Junco. Resident in northern and western Idaho.
Junco caniceps caniceps (Woodhouse). Gray-headed Junco. Miller (1941:180) states that some hybridization occurs between this species and oreganus in Bannock and Cassia counties. It is resident in southeastern Idaho.
Spizella arborea ochracea Brewster. Western Tree Sparrow. Fairly common resident in central and northern Idaho. (D. A. 1516, nest and eggs, Moscow, Latah County, April 6, 1940.)
Spizella passerina arizonae Coues. Western Chipping Sparrow. Very common resident in the Transition Life-zone. (D. A. 1805, junction of Dutch Creek and Boise River, Boise County, July 4, 1941.)
Spizella breweri breweri Cassin. Brewer Sparrow. Resident in southern Idaho. Davis (1935b:235) records the bird as a summer resident at the Minidoka Project.
Zonotrichia querula Nuttall. Harris Sparrow. Wyman (1911a:267) records this bird from Nampa, Valley County, in winter.
Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forster). White-crowned Sparrow. Common resident.
a. gambeli (Nuttall). Gambel Sparrow. Migrant. (Univ. Idaho No. 6, Moscow, Latah County, September 26, 1936.)
b. leucophrys (Forster). White-crowned Sparrow. Resident in the Hudsonian and Canadian zones. See A. O. U. Check-list (1931) for range of this subspecies.
Zonotrichia albicollis (Gmelin). White-throated Sparrow. Wyman (1912b:247) reported this bird from Nampa, Valley County, in winter.
Passerella iliaca schistacea Baird. Slate-colored Fox Sparrow. Uncommon resident in the Transition Life-zone, and fairly common in migration. (D. A. 1365, Pocatello Creek, 3 mi. E Pocatello, Bannock County, April 2, 1939.)
Melospiza lincolnii alticola (Miller and McCabe). Montane Lincoln Sparrow. Resident in the boreal zones, and fairly common in migration. See Miller and McCabe (1935:149) for range of this subspecies.
Melospiza melodia (Wilson). Song Sparrow. Common resident.
a. fallax (Baird). Mountain Song Sparrow. Resident in southern Idaho. (D. A. 1839, Head Taylor Creek, Boise County, August 7, 1941.)
b. merrilli Brewster. Merrill Song Sparrow. Resident in central and northern Idaho. (Univ. Idaho No. 103, Moscow, Latah County, February 22, 1938.)
Calcarius lapponicus alascensis Ridgway. Alaska Longspur. Uncommon migrant. Merrill (1898:15) records one specimen of this species taken at Fort Sherman on November 13, 1896.
Plectrophenax nivalis nivalis (Linnaeus). Eastern Snow Bunting. Uncommon migrant. Rust (1915:127) records the bird as rare in migration in Kootenai County, and Merrill (1898:15) states that it is irregular in winter at Fort Sherman.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
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1944. Notes on the races of the white-breasted nuthatch. Auk, 61:592-604.
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1931. Check-list of North American birds. Lancaster Press.
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Arvey, M. D.
1941. Black-billed cuckoo in Idaho. Condor, 43:291.
1944. Eastern blue-jay in Idaho. Condor, 46:205.
Behle, W. H.
1942. Distribution and variation of the horned larks (Otocoris alpestris) of western North America. Univ. California Publ. Zoöl., 46:205-316.
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Bond, R. M.
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1935a. Two new subspecies of the red-shafted flicker. Occ. Pap. Mus. Zoöl., Univ. Michigan, 314:1-3.
1935b. A new bird for Idaho. Auk, 52:312.
Burleigh, T. D.
1923. Notes on the breeding birds of Clark's Fork, Bonner County, Idaho, Auk, 40:653-665.
Coole, H. K.
1915. The present status of the trumpeter swan (Olor buccinator). Auk, 32:82-90.
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1923. On the avifauna of Minidoka County, and adjacent territory. Murrelet, 4:3-4.
1930. Meet Oreospiza chlorura. Oologist, 47:136.
1934. Bird notes from Owyhee County, Idaho. Murrelet, 15:69-72.
1935a. Noon-day feeding of the Pacific nighthawk. Condor, 37:176.
1935b. An analysis of the bird population in the vicinity of Rupert, Idaho. Condor, 37:233-238.
1936. Broad-winged hawk in Idaho. Condor, 38:86.
Davis, W. B. and Stevenson, J.
1934. The type localities of three birds collected by Lewis and Clark in 1806. Condor, 36:161-163.
Duvall, H. J.
1945. Distribution and taxonomy of the black-capped chickadees of North America. Auk, 62:49-69.
Evendon, F. G., Jr., and Evendon, J. R.
1944. A house finch census at Mountain Home, Idaho. Condor, 46:209.
Grinnell, J.
1904. The origin and distribution of the chestnut-backed chickadee. Auk, 21:364-382.
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1933a. The hawk-owl in northern Idaho. Condor, 35:32.
1933b. Summer occurrence of the goshawk in Idaho. Condor, 35:36.
1935. A sight record of the red phalarope (P. fulicans) in northern Idaho. Auk, 52:180-181.
1938. Notes on some birds nesting in northern Idaho. Condor, 41:84.
Hayward, C. L.
1934. Important heron rookeries in southeastern Idaho. Auk, 51:39-41.
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Jones, V. E.
1943. White-fronted goose in Idaho. Condor, 45:120.
1946. The starling in Idaho. Condor, 48:142-143.
Kenagy, F.
1914. A change in fauna. Condor, 16:120-123.
Low, J. B.
1945. Clay bank has multiple use for wildlife. Condor, 47:132-133.
Low, J. B., and Nelson, M.
1945. Recent records of breeding waterfowl in Utah and southern Idaho. Condor, 47:131-132.
Marshall, W. H.
1940. An "Eagle Guard" developed in Idaho. Condor, 52:166.
McCabe, T. T., and McCabe, E. B.
1933. Hermit thrushes of the northwestern states. Condor, 35:122-123.
Merriam, C. H.
1891. Results of a biological reconnaisance of south-central Idaho. N. Amer. Fauna, 5:1-108.
1892. The dwarf screech owl (Megascops flammeolus idahoensis Merriam). Auk, 9:169-171.
Merrill, J. C.
1897. Notes on the birds of Fort Sherman, Idaho. Auk, 14:347-357.
1898. Notes on the birds of Fort Sherman, Idaho. Auk, 15:14-22.
Miller, A. H.
1931. Systematic revision and natural history of the American shrikes (Lanius). Univ. California Publ. Zoöl., 38:11-242.
1933. The Canada jays of northern Idaho. Trans. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist., 7:287-296.
1941. Speciation in the avian genus Junco. Univ. California Publ. Zoöl., 44:173-434.
Miller, A. H. and McCabe, T. T.
1935. Racial differentiation in Passerella (Melospiza) lincolnii. Condor, 37:144-160.
Moore, R. T.
1939. A review of the house finches of the subgenus Burrica. Condor, 41:177-205.
Oberholser, H. C.
1918. Notes on the subspecies of Numenius americanus Bechstein. Auk, 35:188-195.
Olson, A. C., Jr.
1943. Starling in northern Idaho. Condor, 45:197.
Palmer, R. H.
1928. Relative abundance of bird species in southern Idaho, Fresno County, California, and King County, Washington. Murrelet, 9:28-38.
Ridgway, R.
1901-1918. The birds of North and Middle America. U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull. 50, pts. 1-8.
Rust, H. J.
1913. Birds new to the vicinity of Lake Coeur d'Alene, Kootenai County, Idaho. Condor, 15:41.
1914. Some notes on the nesting of the sharp-shinned hawk. Condor, 16:14-24.
1915. An annotated list of the birds of Kootenai County, Idaho. Condor, 17:118-129.
1916. Additional notes on the birds of Kootenai County, Idaho. Condor, 18:81-82.
1917. An annotated list of the birds of Fremont County, Idaho, as observed during the summer of 1916. Condor, 19:29-43.
1919. A favorite nesting haunt of the Merrill song sparrow. Condor, 21:145-153.
1920. The home life of the western warbling vireo. Condor, 22:85-94.
Slipp, J. W.
1942. Franklin's gull in Idaho. Condor, 44:226-227.
Sloanaker, J. L.
1925. Notes from Spokane. Condor, 27:73-74.
Snyder, J. O.
1900. Notes on a few species of Idaho and Washington birds. Auk, 17:242-245.
Stone, W.
1915. Type locality of Lewis's woodpecker and Clarke's nutcracker. Auk, 32:371-372.
Sugden, J. W.
1937. The status of the sandhill crane in Utah and southern Idaho. Condor, 40:18-22.
Taverner, P. A.
1914. A new subspecies of Dendragapus (Dendragapus obscurus flemmingi) from southern Yukon Territory. Auk, 31:385-388.
Taylor, W. P.
1918. Bohemian waxwing (Bombycilla garrula) breeding within the United States. Auk, 35:226-227.
Tracy, H. C.
1910. The bobolink in Idaho. Condor, 12:80.
van Rossem, A. J.
1929. A northern race of the mountain chickadee. Auk, 45:104-105.
Wyman, L. E.
1911a. Harris's sparrow (Zonotrichia querula) in southern Idaho. Auk, 28:267-268.
1911b. The bobolink again in Idaho. Condor, 13:75.
1911c. The catbird in southern Idaho. Condor, 13:108.
1912a. Bobolink again in Idaho. Condor, 14:41.
1912b. White-throated sparrow in Idaho. Auk, 29:247.
1912c. Oreortyx in Idaho. Auk, 29:538-539.
Transmitted February 12, 1947.
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