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A Further Contribution to the Study of the Mortuary Customs of the North American Indians cover

A Further Contribution to the Study of the Mortuary Customs of the North American Indians

Chapter 42: INDEX
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About This Book

A systematic compilation cataloging mortuary practices among North American indigenous peoples, presenting a classification of burial types — inhumation, pits, stone graves and cists, mounds, house and cave interment, embalming and mummification, urn and surface burials, cairns, cremation and partial cremation, aerial and scaffold sepulture, canoe and aquatic rites, and living sepulchers — together with associated rituals of mourning, sacrifice, feasting, songs, dances, games, posts, fires, and superstitions. The volume synthesizes scattered reports and illustrations, preserves variant spellings and bibliographic notes, and focuses on descriptive documentation rather than causal interpretation.

INDEX

Abiquiu, Ancient cemetery of   111

Acaxers and Yaquis, cairn burial   143

“Adjedatig”   197

Aerial burial in canoes, Chinooks   171

sepulture,   152

Alaric’s burial   181

Alaska cave burial   129

Alaskan mummies   134, 135

Alden, E. H., Scaffold burial   161

Aleutian Islanders, embalmment   135, 136

Algonkins, Burial fires of the   198

Alibamans, Aquatic burial of suicides by   180

Allen, Miss A. J., Burial sacrifice   189

Ancient burial customs of barbaric tribes   152

cemetery of Abiquiu   111

nations, Tree burial of   165, 166

Ancients, Curious mourning observances   165, 166

Antiquity of cremation   143

Apingi burial   125, 126

Aquatic burial, Alibamans, of suicides   180

Cherokees   180

Chinooks   180

Gosh-Utes   181

Hyperboreans   180

Ichthyophagi   180

Itzas   180

Kavague   180

Lotophagians   180

Obongo   180

Ascena or Timber Indians   103

Atwater, Caleb, Burial mounds   117

Australian scaffold burial   167

Aztecs and Taracos, Burial sacrifice   190

Baldwin, C. C., Pottawatomie surface burial   141

Balearic Islanders, Cairn burial   143

Bancroft, H. H., Burial sacrifice   190

, Canoe burial in ground   112

, Costa Rica hut burial   154

, Doracho cist burial   115

, Esquimaux burial boxes   155

, Mourning, Central Americans   185

, Pima burial   98

, Superstitions regarding dead   201

Barbaric tribes, Ancient burial customs of   152

Barber, E. A., Burial urns   138

, Partial cremation   151

Bari of Africa, burial   125

Bartram, John, Cabin burial   122

, Choctaw ossuary   120

, Partial scaffold burial   169

Bechuana burial   126

Beckwourth, James, Crow mourning   183

Beechey, Capt. F. W., Lodge burial   154

Beltrami, J. C., Burial feast   190

, Burial posts   197

Benson, H. C., Choctaw burial   186

Bessels, Dr. Emil, Esquimaux superstition   198

Beverly, Robert, Virginia mummies   131

Birgan, Meaning of word   93

Blackbird’s burial   139

Blackfeet burial lodges   154

cairn burial   143

tree burial   161

Bonaks, Cremation   144

Bone cleaning of the dead   168

Boner, J. H., Moravian mourning   166

Bossu, M., Burial denied to suicides   180

Boteler, Dr. W. C., Oto burial ceremonies   96

Box burial, Creek, Choctaw, and Cherokee   155

, Esquimaux   155, 156

, Indians of Talomeco River   155

, Innuits and Ingaliks   156, 158

, Kalosh   156

Bransford, Dr. J. C., U.S.N., Burial urns discovered by   138

Brebeuf, Pere de, Burial feast   191

Brice, W. A., Surface burial   141

Brinton, Dr. D. G., Burial of collected bones   170

Bruhier, J. J., Corsican customs   147

Persian burial   103

Brule Sioux, tree and scaffold burial   158, 160

Burchard, J. L., Pit burial   124

Butterfield, H., Shoshone cairn burial   143

Burial, Apingi   125, 126

, Aquatic   180

canoes and houses   177-179

, Bari of Africa   125

, Bechuanas   126

beneath or in cabins, wigwams, or houses   122

, Box   155

, Carolina tribes   93

, Caddos   103

, Cairn   142

, Cairn, Ute   142

case, Cheyenne   162, 163

, Cave   126

, Chieftain, of the   110, 111

, Classification of   92-93

, Damara   126

dance, Yo-kaí-a   192, 194

dances   193

feast, Description of, by Beltrami   190, 191

, Hurons, of the   191

feasts   190

, superstitions regarding   191

fires, Algonkins   198

, Yurok   198

, Esquimaux   198

food   192

games   195

, Grave   101

, Ground, in canoes   112

in logs   138, 139

in mounds   115

in standing posture   151, 152

, Indians of Virginia   125

, Iroquois   140

, Kaffir   126

, Klamath and Trinity Indians   106, 107

, Latookas   126

, Lodge   152

lodges, Blackfeet   154

, Cheyenne   154

, Shoshone   153, 154

, Muscogulges   122, 123

, Meaning and derivation of word   93

, Moquis,   114

, Navajo,   123

, Obongo,   139, 140

of Alaric,   181

of Blackbird,   139

of De Soto,   181

of Long Horse,   153

of Ouray,   128

, Parsee,   105, 106

, Pit,   93

, Pitt River Indians,   151

posts, Sioux and Chippewa,   197, 198

, Round Valley Indians,   124

sacrifice, Aztecs and Tarascos,   190

, Indians of Northwest,   180

, Indians of Panama,   180

, Natchez,   187, 189

, Tsinūk,   179

, Wascopums,   189, 190

, Sacs and Foxes,   94, 95

scaffolds,   162

song, Schiller’s,   110, 111

of Basques and others,   195

superstitions, Chippewas,   199, 200

, Indians of Washington Territory,   201

, Karok,   200

, Kelta,   200

, Modocs,   200, 201

, Mosquito Indians,   201

, Tlascaltecs,   201

, Tolowa,   200

, Surface,   138, 139

, Urn,   137

and cover, Georgia,   138

, New Mexico,   138

Cabins, wigwams, or houses, Burial beneath or in,   122

Caddos, Burial,   103

Cairn burial, Acaxers and Yaquis,   143

, Balearic Islanders,   143

, Blackfeet,   143

, Esquimaux,   143

, Kiowas and Comanches,   142, 143

, Pi-Utes,   143

, Reasons for,   143

, Shoshonis,   143

Calaveras Cave,   128, 129

California steatite burial urn,   138

Campbell, John, Burial songs,   195

Canes sepulchrales,   104

Canoe burial in ground,   112

, Mosquito Indians,   112, 113

, Santa Barbara,   112

, Clallam,   173, 174

, Twana,   171, 173

Canoes and houses, Burial,   177-179

Canoes, Superterrene and aerial burial in,   171

Caraibs, Verification of death,   146

Carolina tribes, Burial among,   93

Catlin, George, Burial of Blackbird,   139

, Golgotha of Mandans,   170

, Mourning cradle,   181

Cave burial,   126

, Alaska,   129

, Calaveras,   128, 129

, Utes,   127, 128

Cherokee aquatic burial,   180

Cheyenne burial case,   162, 163

lodges,   154

Chillicothe mound,   117, 118

Chinook aerial burial in canoes,   171

aquatic burial,   180

mourning cradle,   181, 182

Chippewa burial superstitions,   199, 200

mourning,   184

scaffold burial,   161, 162

widow,   184, 185

Choctaw mound burial,   120

scaffold burial,   169

Choctaws funeral ceremonies,   186

Cist burial, Doracho,   115

graves, Kentucky,   114, 115

, Indians of Illinois,   114

Cists or stone graves,   113

, Solutré,   113

, Tennessee,   113

Clallam canoe burial,   173, 174

house burial,   175

Classification of burial,   92

Cleveland, Wm. J., Tree and scaffold burial,   158

Collected bones, Interment of,   170

Comanche inhumation,   99, 100

Congaree and Santee Indians, embalmment   132, 133

Corsican funeral custom   147

Cox, Ross, Cremation   144

Coyotero Apaches, Inhumation   111, 112

Cradle, mourning, Illustration of   181

Crock, Choctaw, and Cherokee box burial   155

Creeks and Seminoles, Inhumation   95, 96

, “Hallelujah” of the   195

Cremation, Antiquity of   143

, Bonaks   144

furnace   149

, Indians of Clear Lake   147

, Indians of Southern Utah   149

mound, Florida   148, 149

, Nishinams   144

, Partial   150, 151

, Se-nél   147, 148

, Tolkotins   144-146

Crow lodge burial   153

mourning   183, 184

Curious mourning observances of ancients   165, 166

Curtiss, E., Exploration by   115, 116

Dakhnias   104

Dall, W. H., Burial boxes   156

, Cave burial   129

, Mummies   134

Damara burial   126

Dance for the dead   192

Dances, Burial   192

Danish burial logs   139

Dead, Dance for the   192

Delano, A., Tree burial   161

Description of burial feast   190, 191

De Soto’s burial   181

Devouring the dead, Fans of Africa   182

, Indians of South America   182, 183

, Massageties, Padæns, and others   182

Dolmens in Japan   115

Doracho cist burial   115

Drew, Benjamin, Schiller’s burial song   110

Dumont, M. Butel de, House burial   124

Eells, Rev. M., Canoe burial   171

Embalmment, Aleutian Islanders.   135, 136

, Congaree and Santee Indians   132, 133

, or mummification   130

Engelhardt, Prof. C.   139

Esquimaux box burial   155, 156

burial fires   198

cairn burial   143

lodge burial   154

European ossuaries   191

Excavation of Indian mound, North Carolina   120-122

Fans of Africa devour the dead   182

Feasts, Burial   190

Fires, Burial   198

Fiske, Moses, Cists   113

Florida cremation mound   148, 149

mound burial   119, 120

Food, Burial   192

Ford, Lieut. Geo. E., U.S.A., Cabin burial   123

Foreman, Dr. E., Burial urns   138

Cremation   149

Foster, J. W., Urn burial   137

Cremation   150

Funeral ceremonies, Choctaws   186

, Twanas and Clallams   176

custom, Corsican   147

Furnace, Cremation   149

Gageby, Capt. J. H., U.S.A., Box burial   155

Games, Burial   195

Gardner, Dr. W., U.S.A., Theory of scaffold burial   167

Ghost gamble   195-197

Gianque, Florian, Mound burial   120

Gibbs, George   106

, Burial canoes and houses   177

Gilbert, G. K., Klamath burial   147

Moquis burial   114

Gillman, Henry, Exploration of mound   148

Given, Dr. O. G., Cairn burial   142

“Golgothas,” Mandans   170

Gosh-Utes, Aquatic burial amongst   181

Grave burial   101

Gregg, Dr. P., Surface burial   140

Grinnell, Dr. Fordyce, Comanche inhumation   99

Wichita burial customs   102

Grossman, Capt. F. E., Pima burial   98

Gros Ventres and Mandans, Scaffold burial   161

“Hallelujah” of the Creeks   195

Hammond, Dr. J. F., Burial lodges   154

Hardisty, W. L., Log burial in trees   166

Hidatsa superstitions   199

Hind, Henry Youle, Burial feast   191

Hoffman, Dr. W. J.   99

Drawing of Pima burial   111, 153

Holbrook, W. C., Burial mounds   118

Holmes, W. H., Drawings by   106, 203

Hough, Franklin B., Canoe burial in the ground   112

House burial, Clallams   175

, Paskagoulas and Billoxis   124, 125

Hurons, Burial feast of   191

Hyperboreans, aquatic burial   180

Ichthyophagi, aquatic burial   180

Illinois mounds   118

Indian mound in North Carolina, Excavation of   120-122

Indians of Bellingham Bay, lodge burial   154

of Clear Lake, cremation   147

of Costa Rica, lodge burial   154

of Illinois, cist burial   114

of Northwest, burial sacrifice   180

of Panama, burial sacrifice   180

of South America devour the dead   182, 183

of Southern Utah, cremation   149

of Talomeco River, box burial   155

of Taos, inhumation   101, 102

of Virginia, burial   125

of Washington Territory, burial superstition   201

Inhumation   93

, Comanches   99, 100

, Coyotero Apaches   111, 112

, Creeks and Seminoles   95, 96

, Indians of Taos   101, 102

, Mohawks   93

, Otoe and Missouri Indians.   96, 97, 98

, Pimas   98, 99

, Wah-peton and Sisseton Sioux   107-110

, Wichitas   102, 103

, Yuki   99

Innuit and Ingalik box burial   156-158

Interment of collected bones   170

Iroquois scaffold burial   169, 170

surface burial   140

Itzas, Aquatic burial   180

Japan dolmens   115

Jenkes, Col. C. W., Partial cremation   150

Johnston, Adam, Cremation myth   144

Jones, Dr. Charles C., Stone graves of Tennessee   114

Natchez burial   169

Joseph, Judge Anthony, Inhumation of Taos Indians   101

Kaffir burial   126

Kalosh box burial   156

Kavague aquatic burial   180

Kaw-a-wāh   142

Keating, William H., Burial scaffolds   162

, Burial superstitions   199

“Keeping the Ghost”   160

Kent, M. B., Sac and Fox burial   94

Kentucky cist graves   114, 115

mummies   133

Kiowa and Comanche cairn burial   142, 143

Kitty-ka-tats   102

Klamath and Trinity Indians, burial   106, 107

Klingbeil, William, Partial cremation   151

Lafitau, J. F.   182

“Last cry”   186

Latookas burial   126

Lawson, John, Partial embalmment   132