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A Handbook of Modern Japan

Chapter 79: Japan’s House of Peers
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About This Book

The work surveys Japan’s physical geography, economy, transport, daily life, customs, and national character, then reviews both older and modern history alongside constitutional, local, and legal institutions. It examines religion, philosophy, literature, education, aesthetics, social change, and the role of women, and it assesses Japan’s international position including wartime and expansion topics. The author presents social transformation as largely government-directed, with conservative popular attitudes contrasted against progressive official reforms. Organized into concise chapters with maps, illustrations, and bibliographies, the volume functions as a compact handbook offering an overview of contemporary conditions and references for further study.

Japan’s House of Peers

Among its 373 members only 57 sit by hereditary right; namely, 14 Princes of the Blood, 13 Princes, and 30 Marquises. Among the remaining members, 150 are elected by the Counts, Viscounts, and Barons, 121 are Imperial nominees,—that is to say, men who have earned distinction by eminent services or attainments,—and 45 represent the highest tax-payers in the prefectures.