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A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 4, Dec. 1810-Dec. 1811 cover

A history of the Peninsular War, Vol. 4, Dec. 1810-Dec. 1811

Chapter 36: III
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About This Book

The volume chronicles the military campaigns of 1811 across the Iberian Peninsula, centering on the stalemate between Wellington and French commanders Masséna, Soult, and Marmont. It traces Masséna's retreat from Portugal, key battles and sieges such as Fuentes de Oñoro, Albuera, Almeida, Badajoz and Ciudad Rodrigo, and surveys Eastern operations under Suchet and Catalan actions. The narrative combines operational analysis, topographical study of battlefields, and extensive use of contemporary diaries, correspondence, and intercepted dispatches to assess shifting strategic initiative and the decline of French offensive capability in the west.

III

SPANISH TROOPS IN ESTREMADURA, MARCH, 1811

(A) ORIGINAL GARRISON OF THE PLACE

  Officers. Men.
2nd of Majorca (two batts.) 43 466
1st of Badajoz (one batt.) 20 376
Provincial de Truxillo (one batt.) 27 694
Provincial de Plasencia (one batt.) 20 687
Dismounted Cavalry, organized in battalions 29 781
Artillery, and detachments lent to the artillery
by various corps
45 979
Sappers 6 167
Total 190 4,150

(B) MENDIZABAL’S ARMY OF SUCCOUR

[Present with the Colours, Feb. 1, 1811]

  Officers. Men.
Vanguard Division, Brigadier-General Carlos de España:
Principe (three batts.), 1st and 2nd of Catalonia, Gerona, Vittoria (one batt. each) 137 2,550
1st Division, Major-General Garcia:
Leon (three batts.), Regimiento del General (three batts.), La Union (two batts.), 1st of Barcelona, Voluntarios Catalanes, Osuna, Zafra, Valladolid, La Serena (one batt. each), 2nd of Seville (two batts.) 357 5,594
2nd Division, Major-General Virues:
Rey (two batts.), Princesa (two batts.), Lobera (three batts.), Toledo (two batts.), Zamora (two batts.), Hibernia (two batts.), Fernando 7º (two batts.), Tiradores de Castilla, Voluntarios de Navarra, 1st of Seville (one batt. each) 282 4,926
Cavalry, Major-General Butron:
Carabineros Reales, Reina, Infante, Borbon, Algarve, Sagunto, Lusitania, Hussares de Estremadura, Perseguidores de Andalusia, Imperiales de Toledo, Granaderos de Llerena, Cruzada de Albuquerque [many regiments very weak] 387 3,361
[with 2,595
horses]
Artillery, divisional, four batteries [not including men in Badajoz] 19 498
Total 1,182 16,929

N.B.—This total force of 18,111 men did not appear before Badajoz with Mendizabal on February 5th. Fernando 7º, with 800 men, was garrisoning Albuquerque. The 800 dismounted cavalry were at Valencia de Alcantara, their dépôt. 2nd of Seville, with 34 officers and 582 men, had been thrown into Badajoz in January. About 400 cavalry were detached with Ballasteros. Two battalions were garrisoning Campo Mayor. It seems that the actual army of succour consisted of about 2,500 men of Carlos de España’s division, 8,500 from those of Garcia and Virues, 2,500 of Butron’s cavalry and 450 artillery; also 950 Portuguese dragoons under Madden.

Osuna, Zafra, Valladolid, and La Serena, with 132 officers and 2,559 men, were drafted into the garrison of Badajoz before the battle of the Gebora, in which they did not take part. The total force present at that light was about 9,000 infantry and 2,000 Spanish horse, besides Madden’s 900 Portuguese dragoons.