A history of tithes

INDEX.

Abel, 3.
Abraham, 1.
Adam, 3, 6.
Advowsons, sale of, 27.
Aelfwold, King of Northumbria, 42.
Aidan, Bishop, 36.
Alcuin, 35.
Alfred, King, 67.
Alien Priories, property of, 139;
annual amount sent to Cluny in France, 170;
dissolved, 170.
Allen, John, his “Inquiry into the Royal Prerogative,” 58.
Althorp, Lord, 202.
Appendices, see Table of Contents, p. xvi.
Apostolical Constitutions, 5-7.
Arundel, Archbishop of Canterbury, increased Bishop Roger’s modus for City of London, 187;
the record of the Common Council on this modus, 188.
Asser, 55.
Athelstan, King, law of tithes, 70.
Athon, John de, his “Constitutions of Otho”; refers to canon law which makes rectors repair chancel and nave of churches, 124, note 1.
Baldred, King of Kent, his witan declined to ratify a grant of folcland, 58.
Baron, John, 105.
Bede, 11;
speaks but once of tithes, to be paid to poor, 21;
his account of landowners’ churches, 25, 26, 81, 82.
Bellarmine, Cardinal, 5, 6.
Benefices in England and Wales, 257.
Birch, his “Cartularium Saxonicum,” 37, 39, 58, 61, 143;
discovers earliest Anglo-Saxon census MS., 91.
Birinus, first Archbishop of York, 35.
Bishops, first distributors of church revenues, 18;
British Bishops (A.D. 597), 35;
Anglo-Saxon, 93.
Blunt, in his “History of the Reformation” tells of the condition of the poor at the dissolution of monasteries, 128.
Blackstone, Judge, quadripartite division, 18, 23;
church endowments, 24, 25;
monks, 88;
his views on the origin of arbitrary consecration of tithes, 148.
Bocland defined, 57.
Boniface, Archbishop of Mentz, 40.
British Churches, ancient, no tithes paid to, 14.
Brewer, J. S., 11, 17, 119.
Bromton, John, abbot of Jervaulx in Yorkshire, 48, 49, 114, 115.
Burnet, Bishop, his criticisms on Wharton’s “Anglia Sacra,” 129, 130.
Cain, 3.
Caird, Sir James, valued tithes at six millions, 207.
Canons, Calchyth (Chelsea), A.D. 787, p. 43.
Canute, King, his laws, 121;
made use of thirty-six out of the forty-five articles of the “Church Grith” Laws, 121;
parishioners to keep churches in repair, 156.
Canterbury, primacy of, 37.
Catalogue of Sir Robert Cotton’s library, in A.D. 1632, 99, 100;
second catalogue, 1695;
third, 1705.
Cave, Dr., his character of Wharton, 129.
Chancel, to be kept in repair by owners of tithes, 156.
Charibert, king of Paris, 13.
Charles (Charlemagne), king of France, makes his first public law for payment of tithes, A.D. 779, pp. 33, 34, 40.
Christian ministers, how maintained, 4, 7.
Church Defence Institution, 11.
Church of England established in the kingdom of Kent, 14, 15;
in Northumbria, 36.
Church Grith Law, art. 6, enacts the tripartite division of tithes, 95;
Thorpe, Lingard, Stubbs, and Freeman acknowledge this law, 96, 97;
chapters x., xii. refute the opinions of opponents of this law.
Church-Scot, 77, 78.
Church Revenues, 258.
Clergy, their share of Church revenues, 18, 79, 132, 258;
“They had not the sole use of tithes,” 21.
Codex Diplomaticus, Kemble, 59, 61, 63.
Colman, Bishop, 37, 38.
Comber, Thomas, Dean of Carlisle, supports, like Dean Prideaux, the divine right of persons to their tithes, and abuses Selden for having denied it, 53.
Commons, House of, petitioned the Crown against paying tithes for timber, 136;
succeeded in 1372 in limiting power of canon of A.D. 1343 as regards timber, 136-138.
Commutation Act, 201;
Paley’s and Adam Smith’s definitions of tithes, 201;
“commuted value,” defined, 203;
an illustration of the, 204;
formula used to find the septennial average, 204;
the 80th sec. left a loophole by which landlords contracted themselves out of payment, 204, 205;
great injustice of paying tithes on agricultural produce only, 206;
tithes valued in 1836 at six millions, 207;
who shared the profits? 207, 208.
Confession, The, its power for exacting tithes, 28.
Constantine, Emperor, 7.
Cotton, Sir Robert, his library, 98-101;
Church Grith law not in his library during his life, 99;
Lord Selborne says it was, 102;
not in the official catalogue of 1632, pp. 99, 100;
first mentioned in Wanley’s catalogue of 1705, p. 100.
Cotton, Sir John, 100, 101;
died A.D. 1702;
Act of Parliament passed in 1702 vesting library in trustees, 100.
Councils, synod at Westminster, A.D. 1175, 133;
in A.D. 1195 by Archbishop of York, 133;
Archbishop Winchelsey’s synod in London, A.D. 1295, 134;
synod at St. Paul’s, London, A.D. 1343;
tithing all manner of timber, 135;
the House of Commons frequently petitioned against this canon; arbitrary appropriation of tithes abolished by the third Lateran Council, 148;
again in A.D. 1215, 150;
Archbishop Stratford’s council in London in A.D. 1342, the 4th canon of which provided for poor, 157;
the third Lateran council had forbidden “infeudations,” 159.
Crab, Friar, 10.
Cranmer, Archbishop, surrendered landed estates to Henry VIII., 182.
Cromwell, Earl of Essex, his advice to Henry VIII., how and why to divide the monastic lands, 125, 126.
Cuthbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 40.
Danegeld, 17.
Danes, treaty with, between Edward the Elder and Guthrum II., for payment of tithes, 69.
Decretals, forged, of Isidore, 10.
Degge, Sir Simon, his “Parson’s Counsellor,” 128;
he said, “The poor have a share in the tithes,” 129;
a brief sketch of his life, 130;
Lord Selborne quotes a garbled edition of Degge’s Counsellor, 130, 131.
Deusdedit, Archbishop of Canterbury, 37.
Dibdin, Mr. Chancellor, in his new edition of Dr. Brewer’s work wrongly translates “portiones,” 11, 17, 22, 23;
differs from Brewer on the division of tithes, 11;
omits material evidence, 119;
his error on the “Penitential” of Theodore, 119;
his “blend,” 119.
Diocese and parish at one time, synonymous, 83.
Dionysius, “Exiguus,” mentions nothing about tithes, 5.
Dominicans, 170.
Dunstan, Archbishop, 148, 163;
first episcopal pluralist, 165.
Eadbert, bishop of Lindisfarne in A.D. 686, paid tithes to the poor, but not to the Church, 21, 51.
Earl of Chester, charter of, 176.
Ecclesiastical Commission created in 1836, particulars of its “Common Fund” in 43rd Report, 141, 173.
Edgar’s, King, laws, 79;
manorial churches received one-third of the tithes, 79;
threefold division of churches, 80;
first English law expressly appropriating tithes, 80;
canons of, 86;
important gloss, 86.
Edmund, King, the laws of, 77;
bishops to keep churches in repair, 156.
Edwin, King, 36.
Edward the Confessor, his alleged laws for tithes, 19.
Edward the Elder, King, his treaty with King Guthrum II., by which the Danes were to pay tithes, 69.
Egbert, King, 37, 58.
Egbert, Archbishop of York, his works, 29;
his Excerptions, 30-32, 103;
his alleged tripartite division of tithes an anachronism, 30;
sources of Egbert’s excerptions, 32.
Englishman’s Brief, 9, 138, 139, 142, 143, 145.
Esdaile, Edward Jeffries, owner of tithes of St. Botolph without Aldgate, with particulars, 199, 200.
Ethelbert, king of Kent, became a Christian, 13;
created and endowed three bishoprics, 15;
the Anglo-Saxon Church was thus State Established, 15, note 3;
enacted no laws for payment of tithes, 19.
Ethelbert, King of East Angles, 48.
Ethelred II., called the Unready, returns from exile, A.D. 1014, p. 102;
his Church Grith law for the tripartite division of tithes, 94, 95, etc.
Ethelwulf’s, King, charters, 59, 60, 62, 65.
Exon Domesday, 58.
Extraordinary tithe-rent charge, how it originated, 211, 213;
redeemed, 213.
Felix, a Burgundian missionary, 35.
Fire Acts, 188, 190.
First Fruits and Tenths, their origin, 2.
Folcland defined, 56.
Franciscans, 170.
Freeman, E. A., on lawyers, 25;
on letter of Kentish men to Athelstan, 75;
on tithe law passed at Greatanlea, 75;
on Edmund’s law, 79;
contradicts himself on the Church Grith law, 108-110;
letter to Fuller, 108-109;
his pedantry and inconsistency, 111 and note 2.
Fuller, Rev. M., “Our Title Deeds,” its errors, 19, 68, 69, 73, 116, 119;
dedicated his work to Lord Selborne, 119;
Freeman’s letter to him about the “Church Grith law,” 108, 109;
omits material evidence against Price’s opinion, 107;
passes over the threefold division of Church revenues stated by the rectors of Reading, 132;
admits threefold division in Grith law, 117;
fails to “shake its authority,” 118, 119.
George, bishop of Ostia, 42.
Greatanlea, Council of, 74.
Grith and Mund, 95.
Guthrum I., King, his treaty with Alfred, in which there was nothing about tithes, 67;
received from King Alfred East Anglia and Northumberland, 69.
Guthrum II., his treaty with Edward the Elder in which the Danes were to pay tithes, 69.
Habam, King Ethelred’s ordinances of, 95.
Haddan and Stubbs’ “Concilia” iii. on Ethelwulf’s charters, 61, 63, 65;
their opinions on Theodore’s “Penitential,” 20-23.
Hale, William, archdeacon of London, first questioned the tripartite division of tithes, 85;
foundation of his arguments, 107;
gets Price’s opinion on the Church Grith law, 107;
seeks and receives another opinion, which is adverse to Price’s, 107;
Selborne, Fuller, Dibdin and others avoid quoting this adverse opinion, 107.
Hallam, Henry, 81.
Hasted, the historian of Kent, 175.
Higbert, Archbishop of Lichfield, 41, 42.
Holinshed, 48.
Honorius, Archbishop of Canterbury, parishes traced to, 83.
Hook, Dean of Chichester, 15.
Howley, Archbishop of Canterbury, intr., xiii.
Huntingdon the chronicler, 54.
Ina, King, Church-scot in his Laws, A.D. 690, p. 78;
tithes not mentioned, 78.
Inclosure Awards, 257.
Incumbents of churches, now free-holders, but up to A.D. 1180 held their positions according to will of patron, 148;
before Richard I. and John, lay patrons, nominated, instituted, and inducted them, 150.
Infeudations defined, 159;
third Lateran Council, A.D. 1180 had forbidden them, 159.
Ingulph, 55, 65, 66.
Irish missionaries, 12.
Isidore, Archbishop of Seville, forged decretals, 10.
Jaenbert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 40.
Johnson’s, John, “Laws and Customs,” 69;
founded on “Concilia,” 105;
the Church Grith law unknown to him, 105.
Josephus, 10.
Josseline, secretary to Archbishop Parker, 101.
Justus, Bishop, 15, 16, 36, 37.
Kemble, John, 5, 14, 33;
on Offa’s grant, 50;
his six canons in testing charters, 59;
his opinions on Ethelwulf’s charters, 63-65;
supports Athelstan’s tithe-law, 71;
synods and councils not different in meaning, 74, 79.
Kennett, Bishop of Peterborough, on one-third of tithes to manor churches, 85, 86;
“the parish priest was the bank,” 24.
Kentish men, letter of, to Athelstan, 75.
Lambarde, William, his collection of Anglo-Saxon laws, A.D. 1568, 104.
Landlords’ or manorial churches, 23, 24;
earliest account of, 25, 26;
Edgar’s laws giving them one-third of the tithes, 26, 79;
how this one-third passed into the whole according to Lord Selborne, 123, 149.
Laurentius, Archbishop, 36.
Legatine Councils in England, 42.
Lindisfarne, bishopric of, 36.
Lingard, Dr., on Bede’s “Tributum,” 22;
on Egbert’s excerptions, 30;
on Athelstan’s law, 72;
his remarks on the letter of the Kentish men to King Athelstan, 75;
on Church Grith law, 96, 116.
London, tithes in the city and liberties of, 186-200;
first Fire Act enacting tithes, 188;
second Fire Act, 190;
parishes receiving tithes by these Fire Acts enumerated, 190-192;
forty-one parishes out of the eighty-six now united, their incomes and populations, 192;
other parishes in the city and liberties not included in Fire Acts, their incomes and populations, 194-200;
the tripartite division of church revenues in London churches, 193.
Magdeburg centuries, 43.
Malmesbury chronicler, 54.
Manorial churches, see Landlord’s churches.
Market-gardens Act of 1873, how it originated, 211;
orchards, 211.
Masçon, provincial council of, 10, 11.
Mellitus, Bishop, 15, 16, 36.
Mendicant friars, 170;
their ruling idea, 170;
their views about tithes, 171.
Milman, Dean of St. Paul’s, 34.
Mirror, The, 127.
Monasteries in England, their number up to A.D. 1215, pp. 143, 146, 147, 169;
annual value of their properties, 159;
brief account of, 163-185;
monasteries commenced to decline, 170;
precedents to guide Henry VIII. in dissolving monasteries, 177, 178;
total number dissolved, and their annual value, 185;
the three abbots who were executed, 184.
Monks, 18, 88;
the four privileged orders exempted from paying tithes, 161;
these lands still exempt, 162.
Norman Conquest gave a great impulse to building monasteries, 168;
number of bishops, 168.
Odo, Archbishop of Canterbury, 87, 88;
the source of his canon on tithes, 88.
Offa, king of Mercia, full particulars of, 40-42;
his alleged law of tithes, A.D. 794, p. 47.
Old Latin translators, 111, 112;
they omit fifteen Anglo-Saxon laws which Thorpe has published, 112.
Oswy, king of Northumberland, 37-39.
Otho’s “Constitutions,” A.D. 1237, p. 124.
Papal Legates in England, 35.
Parish Churches, their origin, 81, 93;
Selden’s opinion, 84;
opinions of other writers, 93.
“Parochia,” different meanings, 83.
Parsonage houses, number of, 258.
Paulinus, first Archbishop of York, 36.
Peel, Sir Robert, solved the tithe problem, 202.
“Penitentials” of Archbishop Theodore, 20, 21, 51.
Pepin, King, 34.
Perpetual curate, how it differs from vicar, 158.
Peter’s pence, 42.
Poor, the, Archbishop Theodore first refers to tithes paid to, 51;
Bishop Eadbert gave tithes to, 51;
tithes to poor in Edgar’s law, 85;
Archbishop Stratford, 4th canon in 1342 on paying a part of the tithes to, 157;
first Poor Law Act, 125;
Blackstone on the, 127;
the people also supported the poor in Edgar’s canons, 68, 127;
“the poor have a share in the tithes,” says Degge, 129;
four Acts of Parliament giving the poor a right to a part of the tithes, 131;
43 Eliz., c. ii., for relief of poor, 131.
Popes:
Clement I., 5, 6;
Gregory the Great, 11, 13;
his reply to Augustine’s letter, 16, 35;
Sylvester, 17, 129;
Simplicius, 17;
Gelasius, 17;
Honorius III., 37;
Boniface V., 37;
Vitalian, 39;
Adrian I., 40, 41;
Alexanders III.’s letter to English hierarchy commanding the people to pay tithes, 133;
Innocent III., A.D. 1200, ordered payment of tithes, 149.
Population in Anglo-Saxon times, 91.
Price, Richard, his opinion of the “Church Grith Law,” 106;
the value of this opinion, 107.
Prideaux, Dean of Norwich, 47;
his mistaken interpretation of Offa’s grant, A.D. 794, p. 50;
his mistaken interpretation of Ethelwulf’s charters, 53, 54;
supports Athelstan’s alleged tithe law, 72;
abuses Selden and his “History of Tithes,” 53.
Pulman, John, 19.
Quadripartite division of church revenues, 16-18.
Queens:
Anne, 2;
Bertha, 13.
Records, city of London, 193, note.
Redemption of tithes, 209;
two values on it, when forming Bill for, 207;
illustrations of the modus operandi, 207, 208.
Repairs of Churches, Edmund’s law makes bishops do it, 77;
Canute’s makes the parishioners, 156;
canon law makes owner of rectorial tithes repair chancel and nave, 124, note 1.
Roger, Bishop of London, his modus decimandi for the city of London, 186;
tripartite division of these revenues, 186.
Roman Mission to England, 13, 14, 35.
Russell, Lord John, borrowed Peel’s machinery for tithe problem, 202, 203;
originated extraordinary tithe rent charge, 211, 212;
his “permanent settlement” of the tithe question, a delusion, 215.
Saxon Chronicle, 54.
Schmid, Dr. Reinhold, published Church Grith Law in his “Anglo-Saxon Laws,” 108;
Thorpe’s opinion thereon, 108;
referred to by Hale’s unnamed correspondent, 107.
Selborne, the Earl of, 5, 10, 49;
his views on the Church Grith law, 96;
quotes Stubbs’ private letter against tripartite division of tithes, 97;
wrongly quotes marginal writing on MS. of Grith law, 101;
erroneous strictures on art. 43 of law, 102;
his witnesses to upset this law, 102-116;
their evidence against him, 102-116;
omits material evidence which militates against his views on this law, 105, 107;
his fallacious inferences from negative evidence, 102-106;
quotes Freeman’s letter to Fuller on Church Grith law, 108;
incorrect and misleading description of contents of the “Worcester Volume,” Nero, A. 1, 117, 118;
his remarks on 15 Rich. II. c. vi. open to grave objections, 154;
his opinion as to the origin of tithe endowments to parishes, 149.
Selden, John, 3, 5, 10, 11;
on legatine councils of A.D. 787, pp. 43, 45;
on Offa’s laws of A.D. 794, p. 48;
his interpretation of Ethelwulf’s charter, 65, 66;
but expresses a doubt, 66;
his remarks on the treaty between Edward the Elder and Guthrum II., 69;
supports Athelstan’s tithe law, 71;
supports Edmund’s law, 79, 83;
his remarks on Edgar’s laws, 84;
quotes Egbert’s excerptions from the Worcester Volume, 103;
his use of the expression, “arbitrary consecration” of tithes, meaning that a layman could give his tithes without the sanction of the bishop, to whatever spiritual person he willed, 149.
Smith, Dr. Thomas, his catalogue of the Cottonian library in A.D. 1695, 100;
Church Grith law omitted, 100.
Soames, History of Anglo-Saxon Church, 40.
Spelman, Sir Henry, 5, 67;
his “Concilia” in A.D. 1639, p. 103.
Statutes—
— 17 Edw. III. c. 28, 136, Commons petition against timber tithe.
— 18 Edw. III. c. 9, 136, Commons petition against timber tithe.
— 21 Edw. III. c. 48, 136, Commons petition against timber tithe.
— 25 Edw. III. c. 37, 136, Commons petition against timber tithe.
— 45 Edw. III. c. 3, 136, petition granted.
— 12 Rich. II. c. 7, 127, Support of poor by towns.
— 15 Rich. II. c. 6, 153, 157, provision for poor and vicar.
— 16 Rich. II. c. 5, 161, Act of Premunire.
— 2 Hen. IV. c. 4, 161, against purchasing bulls for exemption.
— 4 Hen. IV. c. 12, 154, perpetual vicar created and endowed.
— 19 Hen. VII. c. 12, 127, support of poor by towns.
— 24 Hen. VIII. c. 12, 179, restraint of appeals to Rome.
— 27 Hen. VIII. c. 20, 179, for payment of tithes.
— 27 Hen. VIII. c. 21, 188, tithes of City and Liberties of London.
— 27 Hen. VIII. c. 26, 127, support of poor by towns, etc.
— 27 Hen. VIII. c. 28, 180, monasteries under £200 a year dissolved.
— 28 Hen. VIII. c. 16, 179, pope’s power over tithes abolished.
— 31 Hen. VIII. c. 13, 184, monasteries over £200 a year dissolved.
— 31 Hen. VIII. c. 13, 126, owners of abbey lands to use hospitality.
— 31 Hen. VIII. c. 13, 184, lands of privileged orders now exempt from paying tithes.
— 32 Hen. VIII. c. 7, 185, lands of privileged orders now exempt from paying tithes.
— 32 Hen. VIII. c. 8, 160, all abbey properties given to king.
— 37 Hen. VIII. c. 12, 188, tithes of 2s. 9d. in the £ in London.
— 2 and 3 Edw. VI. c. 13, 76, payment of personal tithes.
— 2 and 3 Edw. VI. c. 13, adds to 27 Hen. VIII. c. 20, and 32 Hen. VIII. c. 7.
— 1 Eliz. c. 19, 183, tithes in exchange for episcopal lands.
— 13 Eliz. c. 20, 131, profits of benefices to the poor.
— 18 Eliz. c. 11, s. 7, 131, confirms the above Act.
— 43 Eliz. c. 2, 131, for relief of the poor.
— 22 and 23 Car. II. c. 15, 188, Fire Act for tithes in London.
— 44 Geo. III. c. 89, 190, increases tithes in London.
— 6 and 7 Wm. IV. c. 71, 201, Commutation Act of 1836.
— 6 and 7 Wm. IV. c. 77, 141, created Ecclesiastical Commission.
— 2 and 3 Vict. c. 62, s. 27, 213, on tithes of orchards.
— 36 and 37 Vict. c. 42, 213, on tithes of market gardens.
— 49 and 50 Vict. c. 54, 213, redemption of extraordinary tithes.
— 54 Vict. c. 8, 225, for recovery of tithes.
Stephens, Serjeant, tithes as odious, 23.
Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury, his Canon set apart a portion of the tithes for the poor, 97.
Streaneshalch (Whitby), 37, 38.
Stubbs, William, Bishop of Oxford, 45;
supports Athelstan’s tithe law, 71, 79, 83;
supports Grith law of A.D. 1014 in his “Constitutional History,” 96, 97;
contradicts his historical statements in private letters as regards this law, 97;
Selborne quotes one of his letters, 97;
the bishop quotes Stratford’s canon recognising the claim of poor to a share of the tithes, 97;
admits that the poor have a claim on the tithes and other church endowments, 157.
Terra Regis defined, 58.
Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, 39, 40;
first to have mentioned tithes, 20, 51.
Theophylact, Bishop of Todi, 42.
Thorpe, Benjamin, 14, 67, 72;
his opinion on Wilkins’s “Concilia,” 106;
frequent references.
Tillesley, Archdeacon, 6.
Tithes, Old Testament quotations of their payment, 1;
their appropriation to monasteries, 8;
how first given to the Christian Church, 8;
the clergy had not the sole use of them, 21;
Legatine Council in England, A.D. 787, for their payment, 43;
first civil law in England for their payment, 44;
Lord Selborne’s opinion on the 17th Injunction of the Legatine Council, 45;
Athelstan’s law on, 70;
definition of, 76;
duties of parish priests for their tithes in pre-Reformation times, 142;
these duties no longer performed, 144;
parishes held their tithes by common right, but monasteries by grants or prescriptions, 151;
traced from their origin, 151;
appropriated to monasteries of two kinds, 151;
tithes of Church in Wales, 214-222;
commuted in 1836, 201;
in London, 186-200.
The total value in 1836 of commuted tithes according to counties, see Appendix F;
see Appendix G for the number of parishes in England and Wales paying tithes, and the number of rectors and vicars receiving them.
For their divisions, see the heading “Tripartite.”
Tripartite division of tithes, by the laws of Edgar, 79;
of Ethelred II’s, 95;
of Canute’s, 121;
this division in London, 193;
is stated by the rectors of Reading, 132.
Tripartite division of Church revenues, 7, 17, 82, 86, 95, 189.
Trustees of Sir R. Cotton’s Library, 100.
Vergil, Polydore, Archdeacon, 48.
Vicar, origin of, 152;
the “perpetual vicar” of 4 Hen. IV. c. 12, 154, 155;
this law as regards the vicar is important in two ways, 128;
not originally a freeholder, 158;
number of vicars employed in the old parishes receiving tithes, see Appendix G;
a list of the small or vicarial tithes, 155;
generally endowed by the bishops with one-third of the tithes following Edgar’s appropriation, 158, note 1;
vicars owe to Acts of Parliament their endowments and permanent freehold position, 158, note 1;
Lord Selborne’s remarks on 15 Rich. II. c. 6 open to grave objections, 154.
Wales, tithes of the four dioceses of, 216-224;
Bangor, 217, 218;
Llandaff, 218, 219;
St. Asaph, 219, 220;
St. David’s, 220-222;
tithe-rent charge in possession of Ecclesiastical Commission in Wales in the year 1889, 222, 223;
amount of prebendal tithes still outstanding on leases, 223;
amount paid to the Welsh dioceses out of the Common Fund in 1889, 223;
the net annual receipts from Wales in 1888, 224;
the gross income for 1890, 224;
Church and Nonconformist populations respectively, 224.
Wanley, Humphrey, his catalogue of the Cottonian Library, 100.
Wasserschleben, Professor, on the “Penitential” of Theodore, 120.
Wendover, Roger, 48, 54.
Werburgh, St., monastery at Chester, charters and grants to it by the Earls of Chester, 176.
Wharton, Henry, division of tithes, 18;
attacked Degge’s “Parson’s Counsellor,” 128;
attacks Bishop Burnet’s “History of the Reformation,” 129;
his character by the bishop and by Dr. Cave, 129, 130;
the bishop’s exposure of the errors of “Anglia Sacra,” 129, note 3;
he had two parishes at the age of 24, and wrote his “Defence of Pluralities,” 129;
Degge attacked pluralists, 128.
Wheelock, 105.
Wickliffe, John, his views about tithes, etc., 171, 174.
Wighard sent to Rome in A.D. 664 to be consecrated Archbishop of Canterbury and died there, 39.
Wighood, a French abbot, 42.
Wilfrid, 35, 38.
Wilkins, David, the first to publish the “Church Grith Law” in his “Anglo-Saxon Laws,” 105;
he omitted it in his “Concilia”;
the character of his writings given by Thorpe and Archdeacon Hale’s correspondent, 107, 108.
Witenagemót, what constitutes a, 73.
Wolsey, Cardinal, 141.

About This Book

INDEX.