A Modern Slavery

INDEX

Abeokuta, walled city of, 3;
population of, 3.
Accra, town of, 3.
A Defeza de Angola, Loanda newspaper, 27.
“Afoola,” native name for missionary, 142.
“Agent,” the, 9, 29, 151-153, 163, 167, 169, 171-175, 181, 191, 196, 199.
Ambriz, 180, 181.
American mission, Congregationalist, 140;
Wesleyan Episcopalian, 141.
Amorim, Captain, 45, 119, 157.
Angola, 26, 35, 37, 43, 51, 55, 67, 75, 83, 158.
Antelopes, 72, 74, 77, 110.
Ants, 6, 73, 112, 116.
“Apeka” (slaves), 121.
Arnot, F. S., missionary explorer, 51, 109, 141.
Ashanti, town of, 1.
Ashburton Treaty, 207.
Atundwa plant, the, 109.
Aureoles, 76.
Axim, settlement of, 2.

Bailundu, district of, 45, 156;
mission village of, 158.
Bailundu war of 1902, 45, 82, 115, 118, 141, 150, 157.
Bananas, plantation of, 32.
Barotzeland, 68.
Barracoons, remains of, 13.
Batatele cannibals, 52.
Bees, 76, 107, 108.
Beeswax, 42, 86, 149.
Beit, Mr., 151.
Belmonte, fort at, 84, 150.
Benguela, town of, 43, 44, 46, 51, 69, 149, 169, 171, 173, 176, 178, 182;
Boers at, 43.
Berlin General Act, 207.
Bihé, district of, 43, 45, 69, 77, 80, 83, 86, 104, 149-151, 152 n, 153, 156, 175.
Bihéans, the, born traders, 85, 86;
language of, 86;
villages of, 87;
public club (onjango) of, 88;
games of, 91;
proverbs of, 92;
folk-lore of, 94;
dancing of, 95;
musical instruments of, 96, 97;
witchcraft of, 99;
slavery among, 100, 115;
objections to burying slaves, 114;
eat those meeting with sudden death, 128;
thieves, 170.
Birds, 7, 76, 110, 192.
Black-headed crane, 76, 110.
Bluebock, 77.
Boer transport-riders, 43, 64, 82.
Boers, long trek of, 67;
knowledge of oxen, 68;
trade in slaves, 68.
Bogs, 65, 80, 81, 153, 154.
Boiling springs, 153.
Bourru-Bourru bog, 81, 154.
“Boys,” native, 9, 16, 79.
Brussels Conference of 1890, 149.
Brussels General Act, 207.
Buffaloes, 72, 74, 166.
Burchell’s zebra (quagga), 74.
Burial of slaves, 36, 114, 155, 206.
Bush paths, 31, 85, 86, 115, 118.
Bustard, great, 76.

Cabinda, in Portuguese territory, 182.
Caconda, fort at, 68;
turning-point of journey, 77, 80.
Caiala, town of, 84.
Calabar, missionaries at, 14.
Calei River, 81.
Cameron’s, Commander, Across Africa, 110 n, 155 n, 157 n, 159 n.
Camps, rest, 160.
Candombo, deserted village of, 82.
Cannibals, 52, 86, 162.
Cape Coast Castle settlement, 2.
Caravans, slave, 86, 117, 120, 121, 126, 163, 167.
Cassava, native food, 31.
Catholic mission, 56, 78, 79, 140.
Cats, civet, 192, 204.
“Central Committee of Labor and Emigration,” 46, 102.
Chain-gangs, 44, 119, 153 n, 171, 172.
Chibokwe tribe, the, 83, 107-110, 126;
kill their slaves, 126;
file their teeth, 127;
eat those meeting with sudden death, 128;
trade in rubber, 128;
artistic, 129;
dancing of, 129;
religious rites of, 130;
witchcraft of, 131;
missionaries among, 132-148.
Chicotes (hide whips), 120, 155.
Children pawned into slavery, 29, 51, 150, 151.
Chinjamba, pioneers at, 140.
Chocolate from San Thomé and Principe islands, 167.
Civet-cats, 192, 204.
Cocoa, 26, 27, 32, 44, 46, 167, 188, 189, 192, 193.
Coffee, 26, 32, 188, 198;
plantation, working a, 33.
Coillard, M., missionary, 142.
Coinage, real, in Central Africa, 42, 84, 85, 107.
Commercial Company of Angola, 84.
Committee of Emigration, 174.
Concubines, slaves as, 53.
Contract, form of, serviçaes, 28.
Contract labor, 23, 26, 34-38, 48, 57, 116, 153, 167, 169, 173, 196, 209;
form of contract, 28;
pay of, 38, 194-196, 208.
Contrahidos or serviçaes, 27, 44, 46-48, 58, 172, 187, 190, 196, 208.
Copper-mines, ancient, of Matanga, 86.
Cotton cloth, 9, 33, 35, 42, 84-86.
Cotton, trade in, 10.
Crane, black-headed, 76, 110;
dancing, 76.
Crocodiles, 6, 41, 165, 168.
Cuando River, 75, 80.
Cuanza River, 75, 83, 104-106, 111, 112, 126.
Cunene River, 80.
Cunughamba River, 82.
Cunyama, the, 78.
Cunyami natives, 68.
Currency, recognized, in Central Africa, 42, 84, 85, 107.
Currie, Mr., missionary, 142.

Dancing cranes, 76.
Debtor, a, body left to jackals, 115.
Decree of January 29, 1903, 158, 172-174, 176, 177, 180, 190, 194.
Deer, 77, 110, 166.
Deposits of magnesia, 153.
Desert, Kalahari, 67.
De Silva, fate of, 185.
Ditch-canals, 32.
Domestic slavery, 14, 17, 40-58, 100, 193.
Doves, 76.
Dried fish, “stinkfish,” 35, 37, 193, 194.
Drum, native musical instrument, 96-99.
Duiker, antelope, 77, 110.

Eagles, 76.
Eckstein, Mr., 151.
Elands, 72, 166.
Elephants, 74, 75.
“Empreza Nacional,” profits of, 175.
English mission, Plymouth Brethren, 140.
Eucalyptus-trees of Benguela, 43.
Exportation of slaves, 23, 157, 158, 168-185.

Factories, 8-10, 12, 155.
Fay, Mr., missionary, 142, 158.
Fernando Po, island, 200.
Ferries over the Cuanza, 111.
Feudalism, 16.
Fevers, 8, 105, 117, 150, 164, 168, 171.
Flag-grasses, 31, 107.
Flamingoes, 76.
Fly, tsetse, 24.
Form of contract, serviçaes, 28.
Forts, 20, 21, 68, 70, 78, 84, 105, 111, 119, 124, 141, 150, 155, 156-159.
Francolins, 76.
Fruits, trade in, 10.
Fugitive slaves, 171, 179, 194, 199-201, 203, 205, 207.

Gangers, 34, 35, 155, 184, 193, 194, 199, 201, 206.
Gnu, 77.
Gold, 10.
Grasses, 31, 107, 108, 153.
Guinea-fowl, 76.
Gums, trade in, 10.

Hartebeest, 77.
Hawks, 7, 76.
Hide whips (chicotes or sjamboks), 120.
Hippopotamus, 83, 111, 165.
Honey-guide, 76.
Hornbill, 76.
Hugo, Victor, quoted, 17, 18.
“Hungry country,” the, 47, 105, 107, 110-112, 115, 116, 118, 122, 124, 149, 164.
Hunting slaves, 204, 205.
Hyena, 76.

Il Principe Island, 48, 151, 167, 173, 187-202.
India-rubber plant, 33.
Islands, Il Principe, 48, 151, 167, 173, 187-202;
San Thomé, 26, 27, 44, 48, 51, 54, 116, 151-153, 157, 162, 163, 167, 170, 172-174, 176, 182, 187-202;
Fernando Po, 200.
Ivory, trade in, 10.

Jackals, debtors left to, 115.
Johannesburg, 201.
Ju-ju house, 13, 18, 173.

Kalahari Desert, 67.
Kamundongo, mission at, 141.
Kandundu, the, worship of, 99.
Kanjumdu of Chiuka, Christian chief, 146.
Kasai, tributary of the Congo, 106.
Katanga, ancient copper-mines of, 40;
district, 86.
Katumbella, river, 165;
town of, 41-43, 160, 169, 171.
Kernels, trade in, 10.
Kola, trade in, 10.
Koodoo, 76, 166.
Kraal, native chief’s, 81, 82.
“Krooboys,” 15.
Kukema River, 61, 80.

Ladysmith, 186.
Lagoons of Lagos, 11.
Lagos, town of, 2, 3, 13;
lagoons of, 11.
Lake Ngami, 80.
Lechwe, antelope, 77, 110.
Legalized slavery, 27-29, 173.
Leopards, 72, 76, 83, 87, 110, 156.
“Letters of freedom,” 46.
Life of slaves, the, 33-36, 187-210.
Lions, 71-74, 76, 77, 83, 148, 160, 161.
Livingstone, David, 32, 42, 51, 80.
Loanda, St. Paul de, 19-23, 27, 40;
slaves shipped from, 180.
Lobito Bay, possible future of, 40, 166, 169-171.
Luchazi tribe, 104.
Luena, tributary of the Zambesi, 106.
Lungwebungu, tributary of the Zambesi, 106.
Luimbi tribe, 104.

Magnesia, deposits of, 153.
Mahogany, trade in, 10.
Mangrove swamps, 5-7, 78.
Mashiko, fort at, 105, 124.
Matchets, 5, 34, 162, 204.
Matota, fort at, 124.
Mediums of exchange, 42, 84, 85, 107.
Metallic starling, 76.
Millet, trade in, 10.
Mines, Transvaal, 16.
Missionaries, 3, 14, 45, 79, 101, 109, 132-148.
Missions, 56, 78, 79, 133, 138-141, 152 n, 158, 159.
Monkeys, 7, 177, 192;
yellow, 162.
Moolecky, poisonous herb, 64.
Mortality among slaves, 25, 190, 198.
Mosquitoes, 81.
Mossamedes, 67, 152 n.
“Mountain of Money,” the, ancient city of, 81.
Mozambique, 16, 163.
Mud-fish, 6.
Mushi-Moshi (the Simoï), 118, 128.

Nanakandundu, district, 120;
villages of, 85.
Native “boys,” 9, 16, 79;
instruments, 96, 97.
New slavery, 17, 30.
Newspapers, 4, 27.
Niger, the, 5, 11.
Nigeria, 7, 13, 14, 201.
Nile, the, 1.
Novo Redondo, 159, 175, 178, 180.
Nurses, white women, on the Coast, 3.

Ochisanji, native musical instrument, 96, 97.
Okavango River, the, 80.
Onjango, public club of Bihéans, 88.
Orange orchards, 84.
Order of the Holy Spirit, 138, 140.
Oribi, the, 77.
Our Lady of Salvation, church of, 19, 20, 23.
Ovampos, cattle-breeding tribe, 87.
Overseers, plantation, 34.
Ovimbundu, the, 85.
Oxen, characteristics of, 62-65;
riding, 66;
language of, 67;
Boers’ knowledge of, 68, 87;
love of salt, 62, 107;
children pawned for, 150.
Ox-wagon, mode of conveyance, 43, 59-62, 148.

Palm-oil, 4, 8, 10, 13.
Parrots, 7, 76, 110, 192.
Peho, Mona, chief, 110 n;
town of, 109.
Plantations, 31, 188, 189, 190, 197;
banana, 32;
coffee, working a, 33;
overseers, 34, 35, 39;
slavery, 13, 17, 19-39, 49; 58, 100, 193, 203;
sugar-cane, 159;
sweet-potato, 84, 155, 159.
Polygamy, 89, 145, 146.
Porcupines, 110.
Profits on slaves, 174, 175.
Python, 76.

Quagga (Burchell’s zebra), 74.
Queensland, 201.
Railways, 31, 40, 41, 169, 185.
“Redeemed” slaves, 153, 165, 169, 173.
Redondo, Novo, 159, 175, 178, 180.
Red peppers, trade in, 10.
Reedbuck, 77.
“Repatriation Fund,” 48, 195.
Rest camps, 160, 161, 163.
Riding-ox, 66.
Rivers, 1, 5, 11, 31, 61, 80-83, 104-106, 111, 118, 124, 128, 165.
“Robert Williams Concession,” 40, 45.
Rubber, India, 26, 33, 42, 85, 86, 122, 128, 149, 150.
Rum, 4, 26, 29, 32, 35, 42, 145, 146, 149, 150, 155, 159, 164, 170, 172, 191, 192, 195.

Saccanjimba, mission village of, 159.
Salt, 9, 42, 62, 63, 86, 107-109, 128, 149, 164.
San Thomé, island of, 26, 27, 44, 48, 51, 54, 116, 151, 152, 153, 157, 162, 163, 167, 170, 172-174, 176, 182, 187-202.
Sanders, Mr., missionary, 142.
Scottish missionaries, 14.
Sekundi, settlement of, 2.
Serviçaes, 27, 44, 46-48, 58, 172, 187, 190, 196, 208;
form of contract, 28.
Settlements, 2, 159, 175, 178, 180, 141, 152.
Shackles, slave, 42, 46, 111-113, 117, 119, 152, 159, 160.
Sharks, 181.
Ships, slave, 169, 172, 175, 176.
Sierra Leone, 1.
Silva Porto, slave-trader, 84.
Sjamboks (hide whips), 55, 120.
Slave, caravan, 86, 117, 120, 121, 126, 163, 167;
hunting, 204, 205;
market, 46, 83, 84;
shackles, 111-113, 117, 119, 152, 159, 160;
ships, 169, 172, 176;
trade, 13, 30, 43, 45, 58, 80, 84-86, 113, 150, 151, 157, 172, 174, 207, 209;
traders, 13, 46, 51, 52, 79, 84, 103, 115, 118, 152 n, 168;
traffic, 124, 153, 158.
Slavery, 12, 14, 37, 48, 49, 51, 55, 57, 58, 100, 102, 145, 147, 150, 151;
domestic, 14, 17, 40-58, 100, 193;
legalized, 27, 29, 173;
new, 17, 30;
plantation, 13, 17, 19-39, 49, 58, 100, 193, 203;
tribal, 14, 16.
Slaves, 13, 37, 42-44, 46, 48, 50, 55, 85, 86, 102, 111, 113, 114, 118, 119, 122, 126, 139, 150, 152, 153, 155, 157, 162, 158 n, 168, 172, 174, 177, 179, 184, 189;
as concubines, 53;
burial of, 36, 114, 155, 206;
chain-gangs, 44, 119, 153 n, 171, 172;
exportation of, 23, 157, 158, 168-185;
fugitives, 38, 171, 179, 194, 199-201, 203, 205, 207;
life of, 33-36, 187-210;
mortality among, 25, 190, 198;
profits on, 174, 175;
“redeemed,” 155, 163, 165, 169, 173;
stamp duty on, 175;
treatment of, 54-56, 112-115,
117, 122, 151, 155, 162, 163, 167, 178, 179, 181, 198, 199;
value of, 29, 50-53, 85, 102, 114, 162, 167, 174;
wages of, 38, 194-196.
Sleeping-sickness, the, 24-26;
symptoms of, 24;
duration of, 25;
mortality of, 25;
its effects upon the labor supply, 26.
Small-pox, 24.
Snakes, 76, 157.
Springs, boiling, 153.
Stamp duty on slaves, 175.
Standard of value in Central Africa, 42, 84, 85, 107.
Starling, metallic, 76.
“Stinkfish,” dried fish, 35, 37.
Stinking water-buck, 77.
Stover, Mr., missionary, 142, 158.
Sugar-cane, 26, 32, 159.
Swamps, mangrove, 5-8, 78.
Sweet-potato, 164;
plantations, 84, 155.

“Tanganyika Concession,” 40, 85.
Tax on slaves, 175.
“The Rivers,” 5, 7.
Tobacco, 88, 164, 194.
Towns, 2, 3, 13, 14, 19-23, 27, 40, 41-44, 46, 51, 69, 82, 84, 109, 110, 149, 152, 159, 169, 171, 173, 175, 176, 178, 180, 182, 186.
Trade in slaves, 13, 30, 43, 45, 58, 80, 85, 86, 113, 150, 151, 157, 172, 174, 207, 209.
Traders, slave, 13, 46, 51, 52, 79, 84, 103, 118, 152 n, 168.
Traffic in slaves, 124, 153, 158.
Transvaal mines, labor forced to, 16.
Treatment of slaves, 54-56, 112, 113, 115, 117, 122, 151, 155, 162, 163, 167, 178, 179, 181, 198, 199.
Treaty, Ashburton, 207.
Trek, distance reckoned by, 69;
long, of Boers, 67;
ox, 60-67.
Tribal slavery, 14, 16.
Tribes, native, 68, 78, 86, 87, 104, 107, 126.
Tsetse-fly, 24.

Umbala, or King’s fortress, 156, 158.
Umbundu, language of Bihéans, 86.
Upeka (slave), 121 n.

Value, of slaves, 29, 50-53, 85, 102, 114, 162, 167, 174;
standard of, in Central Africa, 42, 84, 85, 107.
Vultures, 76.

Wages of slaves, 38, 194, 195.
Wagon, ox, mode of conveyance, 43, 59-62, 148.
Walled city of Abeokuta, 3;
population of, 3.
Wart-hogs, 110.
Water-buck, stinking, 77.
Wesleyan Episcopalian order, 141.
Wild animals, 7, 71-77, 83, 87, 110, 111, 115, 156, 160-162, 165, 166, 177, 192, 204.
Wildebeest, 77.
Witchcraft, 99, 131, 170, 191.
Women, white, on the coast, 3, 4;
nurses, 3.

Yams, trade in, 10.

Zambesi, awarded to Great Britain, rumor of, 110;
river, 106, 124.
Zebras, 72, 74.

About This Book

INDEX