A new, practical and easy method of learning the Portuguese language

SECOND COURSE.

Verbs.

The Auxiliary Verbs.

1.
Ter and Haver, to have.

Infinitive Mood.
Present.	ter	or	haver,	to have.
Past.	ter tido	—	ter havido,	to have had.
Gerund.	tendo	—	havendo,	having.
Participles.	tido, tida	—	havido, havida,	had.

Indicative Mood.
Present.
eu tenho	or	hei,	I have
tu tens	—	has,	thou hast
elle or ella tem	—	ha,	he or she has
nós temos	—	havemos or hemos,	we have
vós tendes	—	haveis,	you have
elles or ellas tem	—	hão,	they have.
Imperfect.
tinha	or	havia,	I had
tinhas	—	havias,	thou hadst
tinha	—	havia,	he had
tinhamos	—	haviamos,	we had
tinheis	—	havieis,	you had
tinhão	—	havião,	they had.
Past definite.
tive	or	houve,	I have had
tiveste	—	houveste,	thou hast had
teve	—	houve,	he has had
tivemos	—	houvemos	we have had
tivestes	—	houvestes,	you have had
tiverão	—	houverão,	they have had.
Past indefinite.
tenho tido	or	tenho havido,	I have had.
tens tido	—	tens havido,
tem tido	—	tem havido,
temos tido	—	temos havido,
tendes tido	—	tendes havido,
tem tido	—	tem havido,
Past anterior.
tivera	or	houvera,	I had had
tiveras	—	houveras,	thou hadst had
tivera	—	houvera,	he had had
tiveramos	—	houveramos,	we had had
tivereis	—	houvereis,	you had had
tiverão	—	houverão,	they had had.
Pluperfect.
tinha tido	or	tinha havido,	I had had
tinhas tido	—	tinhas havido,	thou hadst had
tinha tido	—	tinha havido,	he had had
tinhamos tido	—	tinhamos havido,	we had had
tinheis tido	—	tinheis havido,	you had had
tinhão tido	—	tinhão havido,	they had had.
Future.
terei	or	haverei,	I shall have
terás	—	haverás,	thou shalt have
terá	—	haverá,	he shall have
teremos	—	haveremos,	we shall have
tereis	—	havereis,	you shall have
terão	—	haverão,	they shall have.
Compound Future anterior.
hei de ter	or	hei de haver,	I shall (must, will) have.
has de ter	—	has de haver,
ha de ter	—	ha de haver,
havemos de ter	—	havemos de haver,
haveis de ter	—	haveis de haver,
hão de ter	—	hão de haver,
Future past.
terei tido	or	terei havido,	I shall have had
terás tido	—	terás havido,	thou shalt have had
terá tido	—	terá havido,	he shall have had
teremos tido	—	teremos havido,	we shall have had
tereis tido	—	tereis havido,	you shall have had
terão tido	—	terão havido,	they shall have had.
Conditional.
teria	or	haveria,	I should have
terias	—	haverias,	thou shouldst have
teria	—	haveria,	he should have
teriamos	—	haveriamos,	we should have
terieis	—	haverieis,	you should have
terião	—	haverião,	they should have.
Conditional past.
teria tido	or	teria havido,	I should have had.
terias tido	—	terias havido,
teria tido	—	teria havido,
teriamos tido	—	teriamos havido,
terieis tido	—	terieis havido,
terião tido	—	terião havido,

Subjunctive Mood.
Present.
que tenha	or	haja,	that I may have
tenhas	—	hajas,	that thou mayest have
tenha	—	haja,	that he may have
tenhamos	—	hajamos,	that we may have
tenhais	—	hajais,	that you may have
tenhão	—	hajão,	that they may have.
Imperfect.
que tivéra	or	houvéra,	that I might have
tivéras	—	houvéras,	that thou mightst have
tivéra	—	houvéra,	that he might have
tivéramos	—	houvéramos,	that we might have
tivéreis	—	houvéreis,	that you might have
tivérão	—	houvérão,	that they might have.
Past definite.
que tivesse	or	houvesse,	that I may have had
tivesses	—	houvesses,	that thou mayest have had
tivesse	—	houvesse,	that he may have had
tivessemos	—	houvessemos,	that we may have had
tivesseis	—	houvesseis,	that you may have had
tivessem	—	houvessem,	that they may have had.
Past indefinite.
que tenha tido	or	tenha havido,	that I may have had
tenhas tido	—	tenhas havido,	that thou mayest have had
tenha tido	—	tenha havido,	that he may have had
tenhamos tido	—	tenhamos havido,	that we may have had
tenhais tido	—	tenhais havido,	that you may have had
tenhão tido	—	tenhão havido,	that they may have had.
Pluperfect.
que tivesse tido	or	tivesse havido,	that I might have had
tivesses tido	—	tivesses havido,	that thou mightst have had
tivesse tido	—	tivesse havido,	that he might have had
tivessemos tido	—	tivessemos havido,	that we might have had
tivesseis tido	—	tivesseis havido,	that you might have had
tivessem tido	—	tivessem havido,	that they might have had.
Simple Future.
quando eu tiver	or	eu houver,	when I shall have
tu tiveres	—	tu houveres,	when thou shalt have
elle tiver	—	elle houver,	when he shall have
nos tivermos	—	nos houvermos,	when we shall have
vos tiverdes	—	vos houverdes,	when you shall have
elles tiverem	—	elles houverem,	when they shall have.
Compound Future.
que haja de ter	or	haja de haver,	that I shall have
hajas de ter	—	hajas de haver,	that thou shalt have
haja de ter	—	haja de haver,	that he shall have
hajamos de ter	—	hajamos de haver,	that we shall have
hajais de ter	—	hajais de haver,	that you shall have
hajão de ter	—	hajão de haver,	that they shall have.

Future past.
quando (se)	eu tiver tido	or	tiver havido,	when I shall have had
	tu tiveres tido	—	tiveres havido,	when thou shalt have had
	elle tiver tido	—	tiver havido,	when he shall have had
	nos tivermos tido	—	tivermos havido,	when we shall have had
	vos tiverdes tido	—	tiverdes havido,	when you shall have had
	elles tiverem tido	—	tiverem havido,	when they shall have had.

Imperative.
First Person: wanting.
tem tu	or	hajas tu,	have thou
tenha elle	—	haja elle (ella),	let him (her) have
tenhamos nós	—	hajamos nós,	let us have
tende vós	—	havei vós,	have ye
tenhão elles	—	hajão elles (ellas),	let them have.

Obs. All Verbs composed of ter, are conjugated like it, as: conter, deter, manter, obter, reter etc.

Examples.

Tenho pão[439]. Tens carne[440]. Elle tem vinho[441]. Tinhamos ameixas[442]. Eu tive morangos[443]. Elle teve uma laranja[444]. Tivemos framboezas[445]. Elles tiverão figos[446]. Hei de ter groselhas[447]. Meu irmão[448] ha de ter nozes[449]. Minhas irmãas[450] hão de ter nesperas[451]. Eu teria vacca[452]. Meu amigo[453] teria vitella[454]. Tereis assado[455]. Elles terião presunto[456]. Tenha elle pastel[457]. Tenhão elles ovos[458]. Tenhamos bolo[459]. Tende vós salada[460]. Que eu tivesse pimenta[461]. Que tu tivesses vinagre[462]. Que elle tivesse azeite[463]. Que nós tivessemos mostarda[464]. Que vós tivesseis assucar[465]. Que elles tivessem especiarias[466].

Exercises.

I have beer[467]. Thou hast fruit[468]. He has apples[469]. We have a pear[470]. You have peaches[471]. They have cherries[472]. I had grapes[473]. Thou hadst almonds[474]. He had mulberries[475]. We had an apricot[476]. You had cheese[477]. They had milk[478]. I shall have hazelnuts[479]. My brother will have butter[480]. We shall have chestnuts[481]. You will have a lemon[482]. Our gardener[483] will have celery[484]. I would have cake. Thou wouldst have salad. He would have onions[485]. Our game keeper[486] would have venison[487]. We would have sour cherries[488]. You would have raisins[489]. Our cooks[490] would have olives[491]. That our friends[492] have a rosetree[493]. That we have a myrtle[494]. That you have an apricot-tree[495]. That our sisters have a bouquet[496]. That I had cream[497]. That thou hadst salt[498]. That he had coffee[499]. That we had tea[500]. That she had chocolate[501]. Have courage[502]. He may have a book[503]. Let us have patience[504]. Have a watermelon[505]. Let them have a melon[506].

Examples.

Tenho por ventura[507] uma faca[508]? Tens tu um garfo[509]? Tendes vós guardanapos[510]? Tem elles uma toalha[511]? Tinha eu um prato[512]? Tem ella um copo[513]? Temos nós copos? Tendes vós ouro[514]? Tem elles prata[515]? Tinha eu uma colher[516]? Tinhamos nós uma garrafa[517]? Tinhão elles ferro[518]? Tive eu aço[519]? Tivestes vós chumbo[520]? Terei eu papel[521]? Terás tu pennas[522]? Vosso amigo terá o seu canivete[523]? Teremos nós livros? Tereis vós tinta[524]? Suas irmãas, terão uma casa[525]? Teria eu uma flor[526]? Tereis vós um jardim[527]?

Exercises.

Have I by accident a chamber[528]? Hast thou a castle[529]? Has he a tree[530]? Have we money[531]? Are you (have you) thirsty[532]? Have thy friends a sword? Had I an opportunity[533]? Hadst thou a razor[534]? Had you a horse[535]? Had you permission[536]? Would I have a tankard[537]? Would she have a cat[538]? Would we have a goat[539]? Would you have a cow[540]? Would they have an ox[541]? Would I have had a mule[542]? Wouldst thou have had a dog[543]?

6.
Conjugation of the Verbs “ser” and “estar”, to be.

Infinitive Mood.
Present.	ser	or	estar,	to be.
Past.	ter sido	—	ter estado,	to have been.
Gerund.	sendo	—	estando,	being.
Participles.	sido, sida	—	estado, estada,	been.

Indicative Mood.
Present.
eu sou	or	estou,	I am
tu es	—	estás,	thou art
elle (ella) he	—	está,	he (she) is
nós somos	—	estamos,	we are
vós sois	—	estais,	you are
elles (ellas) são	—	estão,	they are.
Imperfect.
era	or	estava,	I was
eras	—	estavas,	thou wast
era	—	estava,	he was
eramos	—	estavamos,	we were
ereis	—	estaveis,	you were
erão	—	estavão,	they were.
Past definite.
fui	or	estive,	I have been
foste	—	estiveste,	thou hast been
foi	—	esteve,	he has been
fomos	—	estivemos,	we have been
fostes	—	estivestes,	you have been
forão	—	estiverão,	they have been.
Past indefinite.
tenho sido	or	tenho estado,	I have been
tens sido	—	tens estado,	thou hast been
tem sido	—	tem estado,	he has been
temos sido	—	temos estado,	we have been
tendes sido	—	tendes estado,	you have been
tem sido	—	tem estado,	they have been.
Past anterior.
fora	or	estivera,	I had been
foras	—	estiveras,	thou hadst been
fora	—	estivera,	he had been
foramos	—	estiveramos,	we had been
foreis	—	estivereis,	you had been
forão	—	estiverão,	they had been.
Pluperfect.
tinha sido	or	tinha estado,	I had been
tinhas sido	—	tinhas estado,	thou hadst been
tinha sido	—	tinha estado,	he had been
tinhamos sido	—	tinhamos estado,	we had been
tinheis sido	—	tinheis estado,	you had been
tinhão sido	—	tinhão estado,	they had been.
Future.
serei	or	estarei,	I shall be
serás	—	estarás,	thou shalt be
será	—	estará,	he shall be
seremos	—	estaremos,	we shall be
sereis	—	estareis,	you shall be
serão	—	estarão,	they shall be.
Future anterior.
hei de ser	or	hei de estar,	I shall be
has de ser	—	has de estar,	thou shalt be
ha de ser	—	ha de estar,	he shall be
havemos de ser	—	havemos de estar,	we shall be
haveis de ser	—	haveis de estar,	you shall be
hão de ser	—	hão de estar,	they shall be.
Future past.
terei sido	or	terei estado,	I shall have been
terás sido	—	terás estado,	thou shalt have been
terá sido	—	terá estado,	he shall have been
teremos sido	—	teremos estado,	we shall have been
tereis sido	—	tereis estado,	you shall have been
terão sido	—	terão estado,	they shall have been.
Conditional.
seria	or	estaria,	I should be
serias	—	estarias,	thou shouldst be
seria	—	estaria,	he should be
seriamos	—	estariamos,	we should be
serieis	—	estarieis,	you should be
serião	—	estarião,	they should be.
Conditional past.
teria sido	or	teria estado,	I should have been
terias sido	—	terias estado,	thou shouldst have been
teria sido	—	teria estado,	he should have been
teriamos sido	—	teriamos estado,	we should have been
terieis sido	—	terieis estado,	you should have been
terião sido	—	terião estado,	they should have been.

Subjunctive Mood.
Present.
que seja	or	esteja,	that I may be
sejas	—	estejas,	that thou mayest be
seja	—	esteja,	that he may be
sejamos	—	estejamos,	that we may be
sejais	—	estejais,	that you may be
sejão	—	estejão,	that they may be.
Imperfect.
que fora	or	estivera,	that I might be
foras	—	estiveras,	that thou mightst be
fora	—	estivera,	that he might be
foramos	—	estiveramos,	that we might be
foreis	—	estivereis,	that you might be
forão	—	estiverão,	that they might be.
Past definite.
que fosse	or	estivesse,	that I may have been
fosses	—	estivesses,	that thou mayest have been
fosse	—	estivesse,	that he may have been
fossemos	—	estivessemos,	that we may have been
fosseis	—	estivesseis,	that you may have been
fossem	—	estivessem,	that they may have been.
Past indefinite.
que tenha sido	or	tenha estado,	that I may have been
tenhas sido	—	tenhas estado,	that thou mayest have been
tenha sido	—	tenha estado,	that he may have been
tenhamos sido	—	tenhamos estado,	that we may have been
tenhais sido	—	tenhais estado,	that you may have been
tenhão sido	—	tenhão estado,	that they may have been.
Pluperfect.
que tivesse sido	or	tivesse estado,	that I might have been
tivesses sido	—	tivesses estado,	that thou mightst have been
tivesse sido	—	tivesse estado,	that he might have been
tivessemos sido	—	tivessemos estado,	that we might have been
tivesseis sido	—	tivesseis estado,	that you might have been
tivessem sido	—	tivessem estado,	that they might have been.
Simple Future.
que for	or	estiver,	that I shall be
fores	—	estiveres,	that thou shalt be
for	—	estiver,	that he shall be
formos	—	estivermos,	that we shall be
fordes	—	estiverdes,	that you shall be
forem	—	estiverem,	that they shall be.
Compound Future.
que haja de ser	or	haja de estar,	that I shall be.
hajas de ser	—	hajas de estar,
haja de ser	—	haja de estar,
hajamos de ser	—	hajamos de estar,
hajais de ser	—	hajais de estar,
hajão de ser	—	hajão de estar

Future past.
quando	tiver sido	or	tiver estado,	when I shall have been
	tiveres sido	—	tiveres estado,	when thou shalt have been
	tiver sido	—	tiver estado,	when he shall have been
	tivermos sido	—	tivermos estado,	when we shall have been
	tiverdes sido	—	tiverdes estado,	when you shall have been
	tiverem sido	—	tiverem estado,	when they shall have been.

Imperative.
sê tu	or	está tu,	be thou
seja elle	—	esteja elle,	let him be
sejamos nós	—	estejamos nós,	let us be
sede vós	—	estai vós,	be ye
sejão elles	—	estejão elles,	let them be.

7.
The Regular Verbs.

Active Verbs.

FIRST CONJUGATION.

Amar, to love.

Infinitive Mood.
Present.	amar,	to love.
Perfect.	ter amado,	to have loved.
Gerund.	amando,	loving.
Participles.	amado, amada,	loved.

Indicative Mood.
Present.
amo,	I love
amas,	thou lovest
ama,	he loves
amamos,	we love
amais,	you love
amão,	they love.
Imperfect.
amava,	I loved
amavas,	thou lovest
amava,	he loved
amávamos,	we loved
amaveis,	you loved
amavão,	they loved.
Past definite.
amei,	I have loved
amaste,	thou hast loved
amou,	he has loved
amámos,	we have loved
amastes,	you have loved
amárão,	they have loved.
Past indefinite.
tenho amado,	I have loved
tens amado,	thou hast loved
tem amado,	he has loved
temos amado,	we have loved
tendes amado,	you have loved
tem amado,	they have loved.
Past anterior.
amára,	I had loved
amáras,	thou hadst loved
amára,	he had loved
amáramos,	we had loved
amáreis,	you had loved
amárão,	they had loved.
Pluperfect.
tinha amado,	I had loved
tinhas amado,	thou hadst loved
tinha amado,	he had loved
tinhamos amado,	we had loved
tinheis amado,	you have loved
tinhão amado,	they have loved.
Future.
amarei,	I shall love
amarás,	thou shalt love
amará,	he shall love
amaremos,	we shall love
amareis,	you shall love
amarão,	they shall love.
Future anterior.
hei de amar,	I shall love
has de amar,	thou shalt love
ha de amar,	he shall love
havemos de amar,	we shall love
haveis de amar,	you shall love
hão de amar,	they shall love.
Future past.
terei amado,	I shall have loved
terás amado,	thou shalt have loved
terá amado,	he shall have loved
teremos amado,	we shall have loved
tereis amado,	you shall have loved
terão amado,	they shall have loved.
Conditional.
amaria,	I should love
amarias,	thou shouldst love
amaria,	he should love
amariamos,	we should love
amarieis,	you should love
amarião,	they should love.
Conditional past.
teria amado,	I should have loved
terias amado,	thou shouldst have loved
teria amado,	he should have loved
teriamos amado,	we should have loved
terieis amado,	you should have loved
terião amado,	they should have loved.

Subjunctive Mood.
Present.
que	ame,	that I may love
	ames,	that thou mayest love
	ame,	that he may love
	amemos,	that we may love
	ameis,	that you may love
	amem,	that they may love.
Imperfect.
que	amára,	that I might love
	amáras,	that thou mightst love
	amára,	that he might love
	amáramos,	that we might love
	amáreis,	that you might love
	amárão,	that they might love.
Past definite.
que	amasse,	that I may have loved
	amasses,	that thou mayest have loved
	amasse,	that he may have loved
	amassemos,	that we may have loved
	amasseis,	that you may have loved
	amassem,	that they may have loved.
Past indefinite.
que	tenha amado,	that I may have loved
	tenhas amado,	that thou mayest have loved
	tenha amado,	that he may have loved
	tenhamos amado,	that we may have loved
	tenhais amado,	that you may have loved
	tenhão amado,	that they may have loved.
Pluperfect.
que	tivesse amado,	that I might have loved
	tivesses amado,	that thou mightst have loved
	tivesse amado,	that he might have loved
	tivessemos amado,	that we might have loved
	tivesseis amado,	that you might have loved
	tivessem amado,	that they might have loved.
Future.
que	amar,	when I shall love
	amares,	when thou shalt love
	amar,	when he shall love
	amarmos,	when we shall love
	amardes,	when you shall love
	amarem,	when they shall love.
Compound Future.
que	haja de amar,	that I shall love
	hajas de amar,	that thou shalt love
	haja de amar,	that he shall love
	hajamos de amar,	that we shall love
	hajais de amar,	that you shall love
	hajão de amar,	that they shall love.
Future past.
que	tiver amado,	when I shall have loved
	tiveres amado,	when thou shalt have loved
	tiver amado,	when he shall have loved
	tivermos amado,	when we shall have loved
	tiverdes amado,	when you shall have loved
	tiverem amado,	when they shall have loved.

Imperative.
ama tu,	love thou
ame elle,	let him love
amemos nós,	let us love
amai vós,	love ye
amem elles,	let them love.

8.
SECOND CONJUGATION.
Receber, to receive.

Infinitive Mood.
Present.	receber,	to receive.
Past.	ter recebido,	to have received.
Gerund.	recebendo,	receiving.
Participles.	recebido, -a,	received.

Indicative Mood.
Present.
eu recebo,	I receive
tu recebes,	thou receivest
elle recebe,	he receives
nós recebemos,	we receive
vós recebeis,	you receive
elles recebem,	they receive.
Imperfect.
recebia,	I received
recebias,	thou receivedst
recebia,	he received
recebiamos,	we received
recebieis,	you received
recebião,	they received.
Past definite.
recebi,	I have received
recebeste,	thou hast received
recebeo,	he has received
recebémos,	we have received
recebestes,	you have received
receberão,	they have received.
Past indefinite.
tenho recebido,	I have received
tens recebido,	thou hast received
tem recebido,	he has received
temos recebido,	we have received
tendes recebido,	you have rec.
tem recebido,	they have received.
Past anterior.
recebera,	I had received
receberas,	thou hadst received
recebera,	he had received
receberamos,	we had received
recebereis,	you had received
receberão,	they had received.
Pluperfect.
tinha recebido,	I had received
tinhas recebido,	thou hadst rec.
tinha recebido,	he had received
tinhamos recebido,	we had rec.
tinheis recebido,	you had rec.
tinhão recebido,	they had rec.
Future.
receberei,	I shall receive
receberás,	thou shalt receive
receberá,	he shall receive
receberemos,	we shall receive
recebereis,	you shall receive
receberão,	they shall receive.
Future anterior.
hei de receber,	I shall receive
has de receber,	thou shall rec.
ha de receber,	he shall rec.
havemos de receber,	we shall rec.
haveis de receber,	you shall rec.
hão de receber,	they shall rec.
Future past.
terei recebido,	I shall have rec.
terás recebido,	thou shalt have rec.
terá recebido,	he shall have rec.
teremos recebido,	we shall have rec.
tereis recebido,	you shall have rec.
terão recebido,	they shall have rec.

Conditional.
receberia,	I should receive
receberias,	thou shouldst receive
receberia,	he should receive
receberiamos,	we should receive
receberieis,	you should receive
receberião,	they should receive.
Conditional past.
teria recebido,	I should have received
terias recebido,	thou shouldst have received
teria recebido,	he should have received
teriamos recebido,	we should have received
terieis recebido,	you should have received
terião recebido,	they should have received.

Subjunctive Mood.
Present.
que	receba,	that I may receive
	recebas,	that thou mayest receive
	receba,	that he may receive
	recebamos,	that we may receive
	recebais,	that you may receive
	recebão,	that they may receive.
Imperfect.
que	recebéra,	that I might receive
	recebéras,	that thou mightst receive
	recebéra,	that he might receive
	recebéremos,	that we might receive
	recebéreis,	that you might receive
	recebérão,	that they might receive.
Past definite.
que	recebesse,	that I may have received
	recebesses,	that thou mayest have received
	recebesse,	that he may have received
	recebessemos,	that we may have received
	recebesseis,	that you may have received
	recebessem,	that they may have received.
Past indefinite.
que	tenha recebido,	that I may have received
	tenhas recebido,	that thou mayest have received
	tenha recebido,	that he may have received
	tenhamos recebido,	that we may have received
	tenhais recebido,	that you may have received
	tenhão recebido,	that they may have received.
Pluperfect.
que	tivesse recebido,	that I might have received
	tivesses recebido,	that thou mightst have received
	tivesse recebido,	that he might have received
	tivessemos recebido,	that we might have received
	tivesseis recebido,	that you might have received
	tivessem recebido,	that they might have received.
Future.
quando	receber,	when I shall receive
	receberes,	when thou shalt receive
	receber,	when he shall receive
	recebermos,	when we shall receive
	receberdes,	when you shall receive
	receberem,	when they shall receive.
Compound Future.
que	haja de receber,	that I shall receive
	hajas de receber,	that thou shalt receive
	haja de receber,	that he shall receive
	hajamos de receber,	that we shall receive
	hajais de receber,	that you shall receive
	hajão de receber,	that they shall receive.
Future past.
quando	tiver recebido,	when I shall have received
	tiveres recebido,	when thou shalt have received
	tiver recebido,	when he shall have received
	tivermos recebido,	when we shall have received
	tiverdes recebido,	when you shall have received
	tiverem recebido,	when they shall have received.

Imperative Mood.
recebe tu,	receive thou
receba elle,	let him receive
recebamos nós,	let us receive
recebei vós,	receive ye
recebão,	let them receive.