WeRead Powered by ReaderPub
A Short History of Astronomy cover

A Short History of Astronomy

Chapter 4: LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
By Arthur Berry
Open in WeRead

Explore more books like this:

History - OtherScience - Physics

About This Book

The book outlines astronomy's development from ancient times to the author's present, presenting the growth of observational techniques and theoretical frameworks while minimizing mathematical detail. It traces successive models for planetary motion, including the rise and fall of epicycles and the adoption of gravitational mechanics, discusses methods of observation and selective observational results, and includes concise biographical sketches of major contributors. The author purposely omits detailed treatments of certain early Oriental traditions and of instruments, and emphasizes how obsolete theories illuminate the scientific process of hypothesis, testing, and revision.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIG. PAGE
The moon Frontispiece
1. The celestial sphere 5
2. The daily paths of circumpolar stars To face p. 8
3. The circles of the celestial sphere 9
4. The equator and the ecliptic 11
5. The Great Bear To face p. 12
6. The apparent path of Jupiter 16
7. The apparent path of Mercury 17
8-11. The phases of the moon 30, 31
12. The curvature of the earth 32
13. The method of Aristarchus for comparing the distances of the sun and moon 34
14. The equator and the ecliptic 36
15. The equator, the horizon, and the meridian 38
16. The measurement of the earth 39
17. The eccentric 44
18. The position of the sun’s apogee 45
19. The epicycle and the deferent 47
20. The eclipse method of connecting the distances of the sun and moon 50
21. The increase of the longitude of a star 52
22. The movement of the equator 53
23, 24. The precession of the equinoxes 53, 54
25. The earth’s shadow 57
26. The ecliptic and the moon’s path 57
27. The sun and moon 58
28. Partial eclipse of the moon 58
29. Total eclipse of the moon 58
30. Annular eclipse of the sun 59
31. Parallax 60
32. Refraction by the atmosphere 63
33. Parallax 68
34. Jupiter’s epicycle and deferent 70
35. The equant 71
36. The celestial spheres 89
Portrait of Coppernicus To face p. 94
37. Relative motion 102
38. The relative motion of the sun and moon 103
39. The daily rotation of the earth 104
40. The solar system according to Coppernicus 107
41, 42. Coppernican explanation of the seasons 108, 109
43. The orbits of Venus and of the earth 113
44. The synodic and sidereal periods of Venus 114
45. The epicycle of Jupiter 116
46. The relative sizes of the orbits of the earth and of a superior planet 117
47. The stationary points of Mercury 119
48. The stationary points of Jupiter 120
49. The alteration in a planet’s apparent position due to an alteration in the earth’s distance from the sun 122
50. Stellar parallax 124
51. Uraniborg 133
52. Tycho’s system of the world 137
Portrait of Tycho Brahe To face p. 139
53. One of Galilei’s drawings of the moon To face p. 150
54. Jupiter and its satellites as seen on January 7, 1610 152
55. Sun-spots To face p. 154
56. Galilei’s proof that sun-spots are not planets 156
57. The differential method of parallax 165
Portrait of Galilei To face p. 171
58. The daily libration of the moon 173
Portrait of Kepler To face p. 183
59. An ellipse 185
60. Kepler’s second law 186
61. Diagram used by Kepler to establish his laws of planetary motion 187
62. The “music of the spheres” according to Kepler 190
63. Kepler’s idea of gravity 196
64. Saturn’s ring, as drawn by Huygens To face p. 200
65. Saturn, with the ring seen edge-wise To face p. 200
66. The phases of Saturn’s ring 201
67. Early drawings of Saturn To face p. 202
68. Mars in opposition 206
69. The parallax of a planet 206
70. Motion in a circle 214
71. The moon as a projectile 220
72. The spheroidal form of the earth 234
73. An elongated ellipse and a parabola 238
Portrait of Newton To face p. 240
Portrait of Bradley To face p. 258
74. 75. The aberration of light 262, 263
76. The aberrational ellipse 264
77. Precession and nutation 268
78. The varying curvature of the earth 277
79. Tobias Mayer’s map of the moon To face p. 282
80. The path of Halley’s comet 294
81. A varying ellipse 303
Portrait of Lagrange To face p. 305
Portrait of Laplace To face p. 307
Portrait of William Herschel To face p. 327
82. Herschel’s forty-foot telescope 329
83. Section of the sidereal system 333
84. Illustrating the effect of the sun’s motion in space 345
85. 61 Cygni and the two neighbouring stars used by Bessel 360
86. The parallax of 61 Cygni 361
87. The path of Halley’s comet 373
88. Photographic trail of a minor planet To face p. 377
89. Paths of minor planets 378
90. Comparative sizes of three minor planets and the moon 379
91. Saturn and its system 380
92. Mars and its satellites 381
93. Jupiter and its satellites 382
94. The Apennines and the adjoining regions of the moon To face p. 383
95. Saturn and its rings To face p. 384
96. A group of sun-spots To face p. 385
97. Fraunhofer’s map of the solar spectrum To face p. 387
98. The total solar eclipse of 1886 To face p. 390
99. The great comet of 1882 To face p. 393
100. The nebula about η Argus To face p. 397
101. The orbit of ξ Ursae 399
102. Spiral nebulae To face p. 400
103. The spectrum of β Aurigae To face p. 403
104. The Milky Way near the cluster in Perseus To face p. 405