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Abury, A Temple of the British Druids, With Some Others, Described cover

Abury, A Temple of the British Druids, With Some Others, Described

Chapter 21: INDEX.
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About This Book

An antiquarian survey documents a large megalithic temple and several neighboring prehistoric monuments, presenting measured plans, engravings, and detailed observations of their layout and construction. It argues these sites functioned as centers for an early, patriarchal religion practiced without images, traces conceptual links between eastern and western ritual traditions, and proposes scenarios for the initial settlement and spread of peoples in the islands. Classical authorities and comparative examples are marshaled to interpret features and rites, blending field description with speculative historical and religious interpretation.

INDEX.

  • The dignity of the study of antiquities, Page 1, 46
  • Religion the principal purpose of life, 6, 7, 55, 85, 100
  • The patriarchal and Christian religion the same, 4, 6, 62, 68, 89, 102
  • Publick religion began with Adam’s grandson, Enos, 2, 6
  • Exercis’d in a publick place call’d a temple, 3, 7, 25
  • A temple was an open circle of stones, 4, 8
  • Groves planted as cathedrals, summer-temples, 4, 5
  • Groves and temples equivocal, ibid.
  • The Druid temples were patriarchal, 4, 5, 102
  • Heathen remains of patriarchal temples, 5, 8, 33, 52, 83
  • Our patriarchal round temples often dedicated to the sun, 9, 67
  • Likewise to dead heroes who built them, 13, 84, 95, 98, 101
  • Publick religion was on a stated day, the sabbath, 6, 36, 68
  • Heathen remains of the sabbath, 68
  • The ordinary service of publick religion was call’d invoking, 3, 4, 6
  • Heathen remains of invoking, 4, 6
  • This implies an expected mediator, Messiah, 3, 6
  • Jehovah was the Messiah who appear’d visibly, 3, 6
  • Knowledge of the nature of the deity, the highest wisdom, 7, 85, 90
  • From that knowledge idolatry first began, 62, 84, 89, 101
  • Sacrificing was the extraordinary service of religion, 4, 38
  • At the four solar ingresses, 68
  • Temples were form’d on figures of the symbol of the deity, 8, 9, 92
  • Whence thought prophylactic, to guard the ashes of the dead, 41, 52, 82, 95
  • When desecrated to idolatry, the Mosaic tabernacle was order’d; square and cover’d, 3, 5, 8, 14, 24, 62, 72

  • Three kinds of Druid or patriarchal temples, from the threefold symbol of the deity. First, the circle, 9
  • The circle, the symbol of the Supreme, 54, 61
  • The Supreme, as invisible, had no picture, no name, 3, 50, 62, 98
  • Called As, Atys, Hesus, by the Druids, 100
  • Rowldrich temple described, as an example of the first kind, 10
  • The requisites of a Druid temple drawn up, 10, 13

  • The Second kind of temple, the circle and snake, Dracontium, 9, 54
  • ABURY, a serpentine temple of the second kind, described, 14
  • Another at Shap in Northumberland, 62
  • Another at Classerness, ibid.
  • Of the symbol of the snake, 49, 54, 56, 92
  • It means the divine Son, 55, 60, 61, 62, 93, 94
  • The Druids’ great regard to it, 56
  • The natural history of the serpent, 50, 57
  • Origin of serpent worship, 59
  • Of symbols in general, 55
  • It was the ancient form of writing, 56
  • The divine Son call’d Phtha, νους ἑτερος, mind, creator, wisdom, word, Logos, 50, 61, 62, 88
  • He was Jehovah, the Mediator, who appeared visibly, 3
  • He was called the NAME, 3, 6, 100
  • Called Belenus by the Druids, 100
  • Of the kebla or central obelisc in our temples, called ambre, 5, 23, 24, 67, 100
  • Became idols, 5, 67
  • The petra ambrosia of the heathen, 24, 75, 82
  • Of the cove, or ansæ, 5, 23, 100
  • Kist vaen, 13
  • Indicative of the divine presence, 24
  • The Hakpen, or snake’s head, 15, 31, 32
  • Heathen remains of such, 33, 84, 97
  • The snake’s tail, 36, 37, 52

  • The whole symbol of the deity was a circle, snake, and wings; call’d Cnephtha, 9, 29, 54, 62, 92, 93
  • Heathen remain of this in Medusa’s head, 69, 93
  • The Third sort of Druid temple form’d like the circle and wings, alate temples, 9, 76, 83, 92
  • This figure call’d Cneph, means the divine spirit, or anima mundi, 62, 92, 93
  • An alate temple of the Druids on the banks of the Humber, described, 92
  • An alate temple on Navestock-common, 96
  • Another in Cornwall, 97
  • Another in the isle of Scianach, ibid.
  • Hence the Mercury of the heathen, 84, 98, 101
  • The same as Neptune, 84, 94, 98
  • Same as Taranus, Thoth, 101
  • Same as Hermes, 98
  • Same as Canaan, ibid.
  • An alate temple over the tomb of Canaan, ibid.
  • By the lake Canopus, 96
  • In the isle Chios, 98
  • In the isle of Cyprus, 97
  • At the tomb of Hermes or Lud, 98
  • At the tomb of Memnon, 95
  • Over the tomb of Neptune or Tarsis, 98
  • In the isle of Rhodes, 95, 97
  • In the isle of Tenos, 97
  • The crab likewise a symbol of the anima mundi, 76


  • Serpentine temples, Dracontia, built by the ancients, 9, 61
  • By Phut or Typhon, son of Cham, 61, 63
  • The history of Phut, 64
  • His effigies, 66
  • The patriarchal and heathen genealogy, 65
  • The heroical effigies of Phut’s mother, 66

  • Dracontia built by the Tyrian Hercules, 70, 75, 76
  • He was a great navigator, and had the use of the compass, 97
  • His history and time fixed, 53, 71
  • He planted Britain, 53, 77, 78
  • He was king in Egypt when Abraham went thither, 72
  • He learn’d religion and other things from Abraham, 74, 76
  • He built temples wherever he came, thence call’d Saxanus, 74
  • He brought the use of alphabet-writing hither, 73
  • He had a son call’d Isaac, 76
  • Apher, grandson of Abraham, a companion of Hercules in planting Britain, 70, 77
  • Of Albion and Bergion, 77

  • Dracontia built by Cadmus, 34, 80
  • History of Cadmus son of Canaan, 79
  • The Cadmonites related to the Jews, 84
  • Serpentine temples at Acon, 75
  • At Colchis, 69
  • By Damascus, 84
  • By the tomb of Orpheus, 95
  • By the river Orontes, 69
  • At Parnassus, 67
  • In the isle of Rhodes, 95
  • At Sarephtha, 82
  • At Tyre, 75

  • The Druid measure, cubit, stadium, 11, 19, 31
  • A demonstration of the Druid works prior to roman times, 26, 43, 45
  • A Druid celt or hatchet found at Abury, 27
  • Another at Stonehenge, 41
  • The time of founding Abury conjectured, 52
  • The founder’s tumulus, Silbury-hill, 41
  • A conjecture concerning his name, 42
  • A conjecture concerning the time of his death, 44
  • The founder of Abury’s bridle dug up, 42


  • Antediluvian bones, 17, 35
  • The formation of sarsens, 16
  • British beads, urns, &c. dug up, 44, 45
  • Heathen barrows like ours, 42, 44, 46, 52, 66, 98
  • Conjecture concerning the age of Abury, from the wear of the weather, 17, 38
  • From the Variation of the magnetic needle, 51, 52
  • Of the use of the loadstone of old, 51, 96
  • Seems to have been known to Noah, to Japhet, to Phut, to Hercules, 97
  • A magnetic needle among the constellations, ibid.

  • The origin of alphabet-writing, 56, 73
  • The patriarchal genealogy, 65
  • Origin of Egyptian learning from Abraham and Joseph, 72, 74
  • The reason of the Mosaic institution, 8, 62, 72
  • Of mythology, the oldest heathen history, 13, 31, 33, 63, 76, 83
  • Our present reports at the Druid temples the same mythology, 5, 13, 76, 83
  • Why EI inscrib’d on the door at Delphos, 100
  • Temples made on account of sepulchres, 13, 41
  • Typhon’s couch, what it means, 66, 98
  • The atlantic islands, where, 14
  • Of Solomon’s temple, 38, 39
  • The astonishing tumulus of Silbury, 41, 42, 43
  • Of british chariots, 42
  • Why antient temples regarded the east, 50, 51
  • Origin of animal-worship, 55
  • Origin of the Phallus, 60

  • The Roman road, Runway, Via Badonica, 26, 30, 32, 43
  • A demonstration that ’tis later than our works, 26, 27, 43
  • A demonstration that ’tis later than the Wansdike, 27
  • King Divitiacus founder of Devizes, 27
  • Cunetio Marlborough, 19, 26
  • Verlucio Hedington, 27

ETYMOLOGY.

  • Abl, Hal, Healle, 19
  • Au, Aux, Awy, ibid
  • As, Ata, Atys, 100
  • Atlas, 9
  • Apher, 77
  • Avim, Hevæus, 81, 98
  • Athamanes, 71
  • Belenus, Baal, Bel, Belus, 100
  • Bratanac, 77
  • Beth, 5
  • Canopus, 94, 96
  • Cnephtha, 93
  • Cronius, 97
  • Cneph, 92
  • Cromlechen, 49
  • Dionysus, 11, 98
  • Efi, 100
  • Esar-haddon, ibid.
  • Elohim, 71
  • Elagabalus, 24
  • Gilgal, 11
  • Genessa, Geneva, Gnaphalus, Gnavus, 96
  • Gable, Gaveloc, 9, 24, 29
  • Hesus, 100
  • Har, 67
  • Hakpen, 16, 31, 32, 75, 76
  • Hycsi, 71, 78
  • Javelin, 9, 24, 25
  • Kibla, ibid.
  • Kist-vaen, 12, 49
  • Knave, Knap, 96
  • Kneph, 62
  • Magus, 38, 55, 69
  • Neptune, 94
  • Nebula, Nebulo, 96
  • Nahas, 67
  • Nesi, 72
  • Ogmius, 73
  • Parnassus, Larnassus, 67
  • Ptha, 62, 93
  • Rhwl drwyg, 11, 12
  • Rhode, Rod, 97
  • Sarsens, 16, 48
  • Sarephtha, 82
  • Scianach, 97
  • Taramis, Thoth, 101
  • Themis, 67
  • Titans, 71
  • Tempe, Temple, 7, 25
  • Knowledge of the nature of the deity, the most valuable, 7, 85, 90, 100
  • Of divine geniture, a metaphysical discourse, 49, 50, 85, 99
  • Of divine procession, 100
  • This doctrine is discoverable by reason, 85, 99, 100
  • The Druids came from Phœnicia, 38, 42, 51, 73, 78
  • The Druids were not idolaters, preface, 24, 51, 85
  • They were a great and learned people, 38, 49, 76
  • They were disciples of Abraham, 5, 35, 73, 74, 76, 85
  • Of the patriarchal religion, 11, 37, 51, 55, 62, 69, 85, 102
  • They observ’d the sabbath, 6, 35
  • A proof that the patriarchs observ’d the sabbath, 68
  • Tithe paid by the patriarchs, 68
  • Baptism and sponsors in the patriarchal religion, 76
  • The Druids built our temples of stones untouch’d of tool, 20, 21, 39
  • Groves not their only temples, 5
  • They bore a celt on a staff ordinarily, 27
  • Abaris a hyperborean Druid, 96
  • Chyndonax a gallic arch-druid, 49
  • They believ’d a future state, and resurrection of the body, 13, 40, 41, 46, 82
  • They knew Messiah was to be born at the end of the year, 72
  • The yule festival then, 76
  • They knew the mysterious nature of the deity, 6, 7, 9, 90
  • As the patriarchs, the ancient priests and philosophers, 4, 6, 9, 85, 89, 94, 100
  • They believ’d the unity of the divine nature, 100
  • All this deducible from reason, 6, 85, 100
  • They had knowledge of the cross, 101
  • They knew alphabet-writing, 56
  • Notions of the magic of the Druids, 21, 38, 69
  • Druid houses, 12, 27, 47, 48, 94
  • Druid celt or hatchet, 27
  • Sharp flints, 33