American ideals, and other essays, social and political

Chapter 36: FOOTNOTES:

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About This Book

A series of essays arguing for energetic, ethical public life and practical reforms in government institutions. The pieces pair concrete proposals for cleaner, more efficient administration with broader reflections on leadership, civic duty, and the moral qualities needed for effective citizenship. Arguments favor merit-based appointment, accountability, and resistance to corruption while encouraging hard work, courage, and public-spiritedness. Historical observations and policy analysis are used to illustrate points, and the tone shifts between advocacy, practical advice, and moral persuasion to address both institutional change and the personal virtues that sustain it.

FOOTNOTES:

[9] The Century, November, 1886.

[10] Since succeeded every year or two by some other anti-Tammany Democratic organization or organizations.

[11] All this has been changed, vastly for the better, by the ballot reform laws, under which the State distributes the printed ballots; and elections are now much more honest than formerly.

[12] As a consequence of our investigation the committee, of which I was chairman, succeeded in securing the enactment of laws which abolished these enormous salaries.