An Enquiry into the Truth of the Tradition, Concerning the Discovery of America, by Prince Madog ab Owen Gwynedd, about the Year, 1170

The author investigates a longstanding tradition that medieval Welsh voyagers reached the Americas centuries before later European explorers, assembling historical testimonies, bardic allusions, linguistic parallels, and reports of native groups with Christian objects and a book resembling a Welsh Bible. He scrutinizes primary and secondary sources, weighs chronological claims, and considers alternative explanations such as post‑Columbian introduction or invention for territorial claims. The analysis remains cautious, finding the cumulative linguistic and cultural indicators consistent with a pre‑Columbian Welsh presence while acknowledging uncertainties and urging further scholarly examination.