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An essay towards a natural history of serpents cover

An essay towards a natural history of serpents

Chapter 18: INDEX
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About This Book

A systematic natural history first examines serpents' forms, sizes, colors, movement, diet, reproduction, coverings and venoms, including accounts of poisonous substances and remedies, and notes on their use as food and medicine. A second part catalogues known species from different regions, giving names, qualities, and engraved plates. A third section offers six dissertations that connect serpents to religious and cultural subjects — the primeval serpent, fiery serpents, the brazen serpent, serpent worship and its origins, and the adoration of animals in Egypt and elsewhere — with historical anecdotes and theological and philosophical digressions throughout.

INDEX

  • A.
  • ACONTIA Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 4;) why call’d a flying Serpent, 81
  • Adam, why not made impeccable, 171
  • —— Converse betwixt him and Angels, 173
  • —— in Innocency put in mind of Death, 181
  • —— his Fall described by Pagans, 182, 3
  • —— —— —— —— by Mahometans, 184
  • Adder; see Viper. (the Figure, Plate 1)
  • Agnasen Serpent, 132
  • Air, ador’d by Pagans, 210
  • Alexander the Great, and Alexander the Little, 140
  • Amodytes Serpent, describ’d, 53, 4
  • Amphisbæna, a two-headed Serpent, describ’d, 72
  • —— Instances of one in Oxfordshire, and in Chiapa in America, [TN]
  • Ambua Serpent, 107
  • Ameiva Serpent, 122
  • Americina, 122
  • Anacandia Serpent, [TN]
  • Ants, their Penetration, 8
  • —— in America great Master-Builders, 8, 132
  • —— Remarkable Sorts in the East-Indies, 8
  • Anguis laqueus, or the Ensnaring-Serpent, 136
  • Animals, turn’d into Gods by Pagans, 213
  • —— Their Adoration ridicul’d by some of themselves, 215, 236, 237
  • Apollo, catechis’d for his dubious Answers, 77
  • —— His She-Priest, ibid.
  • Apotheosis, or Deification describ’d, 223
  • Asp, (the Figure, Plate 2,) described, 59
  • —— Its Foresight, 60
  • —— A Poem on the Asp and its Poison, 61
  • —— Highly venerated among the Egyptians, 70
  • Attaligatus Serpent, 134
  • B.
  • Basilisk Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 3) describ’d, 78
  • —— why call’d King of Serpents, 79
  • —— (African, Plate 3)
  • Battle of the Gods, 212
  • Bees, (the Figure, Plate 5) their Sagacity, great Geometricians, 8
  • —— Their Sting describ’d, 148
  • Birds, why some here only in Winter, and others only in Summer, 7
  • Biobi, or green Serpent describ’d, 103
  • Bibera Serpent, 107
  • Bitin Serpent, 137
  • Blowing Serpent, 130
  • Boignacu Serpent, very beautiful, 106
  • Boytiapua Serpent, 108
  • —— An Instrument of Conjuration, 109
  • Bomsnake Serpent, 109
  • Boicupecanga Serpent, prickle-back’d, 110
  • Boitiapo Serpent, 117
  • Brochet de Torre, or Land-pike, 124
  • Brimstone Snake, 130
  • C.
  • Cabiri, characteriz’d, 81
  • Caudisonant, or Rattle-Snake, (the Figure, Plate 7) describ’d, 91
  • —— Its Wounds and Cures, 92
  • Cameleon, (the Figure, Plate 5) describ’d; the reason why it appears in a change of Colours, 96
  • —— Why call’d a living Skin, 97
  • Canina Serpent, describ’d, 103
  • —— A Domestick Animal, 104
  • Camruana Serpent, 108
  • Carapobeba, 122
  • Cæcilia Serpent describ’d, why call’d blind, 80
  • Cencris Serpent describ’d, why call’d miliary, 80, 1
  • Cerastes, (the Figure, Plate 1) describ’d, the Executioner of Justice, 54, 5
  • Ceylon, a Land of Delights, 113
  • Ceylonic Hotambæia Serpent, 115
  • Chickens, produc’d by artificial Heat, 6, 147
  • Chastity conjugal, how try’d, 55
  • Charming of Serpents, various Instances, 62, 3
  • —— of Rats, a remarkable Instance in Germany, 65
  • —— of Serpents, by a Wand, 65
  • Cheese, an odd Custom in Antiquity about it, 129
  • Chicken Snake, 131
  • Cherubims, Emblems of Mercy and Justice, 175, 6
  • Christ’s Death, publish’d before that of Adam, 180
  • Cleopatra, her own Executioner by a Serpent, 34, 60, 61
  • Cloth, wash’d in Fire, 95
  • Cobres Capellos Serpent, describ’d, 90
  • Colour Green, why hated by the Turks, 108
  • —— Blue, why hated by the Persians, 109
  • Cordylus, a noxious Reptile, 121
  • Corn Snake, 129
  • Crocodile, (the Figure, Plate 5) describ’d at large, 118
  • —— eats Stones, ibid.
  • —— venerated in Egypt, ibid.
  • —— the occasion of a War, ibid.
  • —— a Judge of Controversies, 119
  • —— the manner of destroying it, 120
  • —— Symbol of the Deity, 178
  • Creation, a Poem, 162
  • Cuckold, its Origin, 54
  • Cuckow Spittle, Grashoppers hatch’d in it, 108
  • Cucurijuba, a Serpent monstrous, 110
  • D.
  • Darkness, the Destruction of Colours, 71
  • Dæmons explain’d, 205
  • Devil ador’d, 236, 238
  • Distempers cur’d by manual Touch, 56, 7
  • Dipsas Serpent, describ’d; its Wounds bring incurable Thirst, 85
  • Dogs, superiour to Men in the Sense of Smelling, 66
  • —— the manner of Sensation philosophically explain’d, 67
  • —— Providence vindicated in that matter, 68
  • Dopon Serpent, 133
  • Dragons describ’d, various Sorts and Forms, 74
  • —— monstrous one slain by Gozon, Knight, by a strange contrivance, 75
  • —— another slain by the Roman Army, 76
  • Dragon, Pythian, Guardian of the Delphick Oracle, ibid.
  • Dragons, Guardians of Treasures, 78
  • —— winged, describ’d, (the Figure, Plate 2), 192
  • —— Æthiopian, (the Figure, Plate 2)
  • Druina Serpent, describ’d, 83
  • E.
  • Eagles, how they take their Prey, 145
  • Ecatoth, or Serpent-of-the-Wind, 135
  • Eggs, the reason of Propagation by them, 5
  • —— the Method wonderful, ibid.
  • Egg, Symbol of the World, 6
  • Eggs hatch’d in Ovens, the Young ones generally imperfect, ibid.
  • —— mysterious Egg.
  • Egg, a surprizing Compound, 128
  • —— the White of it a most singular Menstruum, ibid.
  • —— how reduc’d to the likeness of Poison, ibid.
  • Egyptians, a People of Contradiction, 60
  • —— whipp’d their inattentive Gods, 60
  • Elephantia Serpents, why so call’d, 86
  • Elops Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 3) describ’d, 84
  • Elephants, Creatures of great Bulk, 86
  • —— subject to Resentment, Instances of it, 87
  • —— a Battle betwixt them and Serpents, 91
  • Ethetulla Serpent, 113
  • Eve, how she came to converse with the Serpent, 174
  • —— her Converse with it before the Account of Moses very probable, 177
  • —— a Negative would have preserv’d her Innocence, 179
  • F.
  • Faith, the Magnet of Magicians, 64
  • Fascinating Eyes, 41
  • Fish, how they breathe in Water, 1
  • Fire, ador’d, 211, 236
  • Funerals, their first Institution, 181
  • G.
  • Generation equivocal exploded, 4
  • Ghalghulawa Serpent, 114
  • Giraupiagara Serpent, 108
  • Gobe Moujes, 124
  • Gods, Men transformed into them, 201
  • —— inanimate Things turn’d into them, 207
  • Goddesses, Women transform’d into them, 206
  • Golden Calf, 214
  • Grotto di Cani, a particular Account of it, 25, 6
  • —— —— Experiments made in it by Mr. Addison, 26
  • Grotto de i Serpi, a remarkable subterraneous Cavern, and Hospital for particular Diseases, 38
  • Ground Rattle-Snake, 125
  • Griffin describ’d, 145
  • Guaku, or Lyboya Serpent describ’d, one of the most monstrous, 102
  • H.
  • Harus Serpent, 138
  • Heathens, their Fictions about Punishments in Hell, 49
  • —— their Opinion about Heaven, 50
  • Hereditary Right, the Title, how try’d, 56
  • Hemorrhous, (the Figure, Plate 1) describ’d; its Wounds force the Blood out thro’ every Pore of the Body, 57
  • Horse-Tail, a Turkish Standard, the Original of it, 81
  • Hooded, or Monk Serpent, 115
  • Horn Snake, 126
  • Hornet, (the Figure, Plate 7) describ’d, 148
  • Hydrus, or Water-Snake, 126, 141, 2
  • I.
  • Japonians, their way of punishing Christians, 47
  • Jararaka Serpent, describ’d, 103
  • Jacore Lizard, [TN]
  • Ibiara Serpent, describ’d, 99
  • Ibitobaca Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 4) describ’d, 102
  • Ibiboboca Serpent, describ’d.
  • Ibizacoan Serpent, Cure of its Wound very singular, 106
  • Idolatry, the Original of it, 197
  • —— more ancient than Image-Worship, 198
  • —— the Incentives to it, 199
  • Jeboya Serpent, 108
  • Images, why Laban call’d them Gods, 203
  • Inchantment by noxious Herbs, &c. 47
  • Indian Prince, a very remarkable Saying of his about Spanish Cruelty, 133
  • Insects, little, great Executioners, 139
  • —— various Instances, ibid.
  • Iquanna Serpent, describ’d, 102
  • Iron, one of the hardest Metals, yet the most brittle, 130
  • Israel, why punish’d by Serpents, 188
  • —— why punish’d by fiery Serpents, ibid.
  • K.
  • Kakaboya Serpent, 106
  • Kingdom won by an Heroick Answer, 58
  • King Snake, 129
  • —— Sashes made of its Skin, ibid.
  • Koko Serpent, a Representation of the French Monarch, 58, 9
  • Kukuruki Serpent, describ’d, 99
  • L.
  • Lancashire Beauties, 69
  • Lacertus viridis, or green Lizard, 121
  • Les Anoles Serpent, 123
  • Les Roquet Serpent, ibid.
  • Light, how the Sensation of it is produc’d, 71
  • —— all Colours depend upon it, 71
  • Long black-Snake, 127
  • M.
  • Magical Balls, 46, 7
  • Magick Art, the Original of it, 68
  • —— its Degeneracy, 68, 9
  • —— surprizing Instances of magick Wit, 69
  • Magick Egg, ibid.
  • Magicians, St. Matthew’s wise Men in their time, 70
  • Manima Serpent, monstrous, 111
  • Malcarabeta Serpent, 113
  • Malpolon Serpent, ibid.
  • Manballa Serpent, 114
  • Maboujas, 123
  • —— , an Emblem of the old Serpent, 124
  • Macacoatl, an horned Serpent, 132
  • Marine Dragon, or Serpent, 143
  • Men, Giants and Pygmies among ’em, 16
  • Mexico, two unparallel’d Instances of Cruelty, one by the Mexican, the other by Spanish Priests, 100, 1
  • Milk, its wonderful Nature describ’d, 128
  • Mithridate, the Original of its Name, 40, 5
  • Monoxillo, or Mucronated-Serpent, 137
  • Musk Serpent, 116
  • Musk Rats, and Musk Cats, ibid.
  • Musk, a short Account of it, 116, 17
  • Musick, its wonderful Effects on the Mind and the Body in several remarkable Instances, 156 to 160
  • —— Conjectures about medicinal Cures by it, 164
  • N.
  • Natrix-Torquata Snake, (the Figure, Plate 5), 142
  • Nintipolonga Serpent, 114
  • Noya Serpent, 90
  • O.
  • Obsidian Stones, Looking-Glasses made of them, 105
  • Opium, the Darling of the Turks, 21
  • Orators, as well as Poets enthusiastical, 64
  • Oracular Answers, various Opinions about them, 77
  • Otus Serpent, 133
  • P.
  • Pareas Serpent describ’d, 84
  • Paper, that is incombustible, 95
  • Parrot, a rational Dialogue betwixt it and Prince Maurice, 144, 5
  • Parthians, the best Fighters when retreating, 132
  • Paradise, Self-denial a Duty there, 180
  • —— Threatnings necessary there, 181
  • Pagan Fables founded on the Writings of Moses, 182
  • Persian Kings, their Recipe for an easy Death, 70
  • People, without Fraud, 125
  • —— have no Name for it, ibid.
  • Pimbera Serpent, describ’d, 90
  • Pluto, his Attendants and Executioners cover’d with Snakes, as the Harpies, Furies, Cerberus, Chimæra, 47, 48, 49
  • Poison, vegetable Instances of it, 19, 20
  • —— Mineral, various Instances in Damps from Copper, Mercury, Tin, Lead, 22, 23
  • —— Animal, Debates about the Seat of it in Serpents, 26, 7
  • —— various Remedies for it, as Oil, experimented on one William Oliver, bit by a Serpent; Lichen Cinereus Terrestris, Venice Treacle, and several Vegetables, &c., 29, 30, 31, 145
  • —— one Drop of it a Match for a Sea of Blood, 32
  • —— when not dangerous, 33
  • —— exhaustible in Serpents by quick repeated Acts, but soon recruited, 35
  • Poetical Apology for a Sot, 73, 4
  • Polonga Serpent, describ’d, 90
  • Priests, their Genius for Cruelty. See Mexico.
  • Prussians and Lithuanians, Serpent-Worshippers, 226
  • R.
  • Rattle-Snake. Vid. Caudisonant.
  • Red-belly Snake, 126
  • Red-back Snake, 127
  • Rivers ador’d, 210
  • Rubetarian Serpent, 143
  • —— —— loud and pretty, ibid.
  • S.
  • Sandals, used by the Ladies, 208
  • Salamander, (the Figure, Plate 5,) described, 92
  • —— how said to live in the Fire, 93
  • —— Corvini’s Experiment upon one, 94
  • Salamander’s-Wool, 95
  • —— —— Shrouds made of it for Kings, 95
  • Satan, why punish’d under the Figure of a Serpent, 185
  • Scorpions, (the Figure, Plate 7,) Countries destroy’d by them, as in Æthiopia, Amyclæ a Town in Italy, Pescara an ancient City in Italy, India, 45, 6
  • —— their various Kinds, Sizes, and malignant Nature, 87, 8
  • —— the Persians curse by them, 88
  • Scytale Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 2,) described, 70
  • —— —— an Aggregate of charming Colours, 71
  • Scolopendra, (the Figure, Plate 5,), 151
  • Serpents, general Description of them, 2
  • —— their Mode of Propagation viviparous and oviparous, 4, 5
  • —— their Sagacity, with regard to their different Lodgments, 6, 7, 172
  • —— during Winter, sleep with open Eyes, 7
  • —— their Enemies, viz. Eagle, Hawk, Stork, Ibis, Ichneumon, Magaure, and some Vegetables, 10, 11
  • —— Dust, not their original Food. A moral Reflection upon it, 12
  • —— their Food, which they swallow whole, 12, 13
  • —— their Size, some monstrous, others remarkably small, 13, 14, 15, 16, 146
  • —— their Apparatus for Motion curious, 17
  • —— their Skin an elegant Composition, 18
  • —— of special Service to Mankind, of great Use in Physick, various at home and abroad, 36, 7
  • —— the common Food of many Nations in Europe, Asia, Africa, America, 38 to 40
  • —— Instruments of divine and human Vengeance, 44
  • —— Jewish Camp infested with them, 44
  • —— Victory gain’d by them on Sea and Land, 46
  • Serpent, its Contest with St. Paul, 44
  • Seps, (the Figure, Plate 1,) why call’d the putrid Serpent, 58
  • Serpens Indicus Coronatus, 112
  • Serpens Putorius, 113
    • The Sea Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 6)
  • Serpent de Boa, 144
    • Mistress of Serpents, (the Figure, Plate 6)
  • Serpent, an Account of a remarkable one in Lancashire, 144
  • Serpent in Paradise, various Opinions about it, 168
    • American Serpent, (the Figure, Plate 3)
  • Serpent brazen, 191, 2
  • —— prefigur’d Christ, 194
  • —— Israel, why cured by it, 195
  • Serpents, the Adoration of them, 216 to 227
  • —— Reasons for that Worship, 228
  • —— Worshippers of ’em among Christians, 229
  • Shrew-Serpent, 151
  • Shekina describ’d, 187
  • Silence, a Pythagorick Rudiment, 112
  • —— the Safety of Venice, 112
  • Sin, its first Entrance, 168
  • Sleep, a living Death, 70
  • Snake common, (the Figure, Plate 4) describ’d, 85
  • Spiders, (the Figure, Plate 5)
  • —— Black, (the Figure, Plate 4,) their various Kinds, 149
  • —— their Autumn Webs, 150
  • —— American, 150
  • Stellio, 123
  • Stupid Serpent, 136
  • —— —— a living Loadstone, as describ’d by some, 136
  • Sun and Moon, chief Deities of the Pagans, 209
  • Swamp Snakes, 126
  • T.
  • Tarciboya Serpent, 106
  • Tapayaxin Serpent, 121
  • Taraguira, 121
  • Taraquico Aycuraba Serpent, 122
  • Tapayaxin Serpent, 137
  • Tapayaxin Serpent, the Friend of Man, 137
  • Tamacolin Serpent, of the Toad kind, 138
  • Tame and tractable Serpent, 140
  • Tarantula, (the Figure, Plate 7,) its Poison and Cure by Musick; the Manner how, 151 to 155
  • Teuthlacokauqui in Mexico, call’d the Fortress of the Serpents, describ’d, 100
  • Tetzawhcoatl Serpent, 104
  • Terpomongo Serpent, 111
  • —— —— a Symbol of Friendship, ibid.
  • Tejuguacu, 121
  • Tejunhana Serpent, 122
  • Tetzaucoatl, or the rare Serpent, 139
  • Teraphim, explain’d, 202
  • Tleoa, or Tetloa Serpent, 140
  • —— an Inhabitant of the Mountains, 141
  • Toads, as large as Cats and Dogs, 138
  • Tzicatlinan Serpent, 132
  • —— —— the Darling of the Ladies, ibid.
  • V.
  • Vegetation, none without Air, 3
  • Vegetables, sleep in Winter, 7, 8
  • —— worshipped, 212
  • Vectis, 131
  • Vipers, different from the Snake, 52
  • —— a Battle betwixt one and a Magpye, 52
  • —— Battle betwixt one and a Dog, 53
  • —— don’t eat after they are taken, 53
  • Vipera Indica Tricolor Major, 112
  • Vipera Zelanica Minor, Maculis eleganter Variegata, 112
  • Unison, its Wonders, 160, 1
  • W.
  • Wasps, (the Figure, Plate 7,) describ’d, 148
  • Wepelon Serpent, 115
  • Woman with two Horns, 54
  • Women warlike, 129
  • —— the hard Condition of their Marriage, ibid.
  • Words, their Efficacy, Instance of it in Cæsar, 63, 4
  • Worms, Instances of Execution by them, 134, 5
  • Worship of hurtful Creatures, why, 233
  • —— of different Animals in Egypt, the Reasons, 234
  • Y.
  • Yellow Snake, 130