A chronological survey outlines how memory was understood from mythic and early philosophical remarks through classical antiquity, contrasting Platonic recollection and sensory retention with Aristotle’s more physiological, empirical account. It details positions of the Stoics, Epicureans, and Roman writers, considers later Neoplatonic and Christian reflections, and reports ancient descriptions of memory disorders and mnemonic techniques. The work compares metaphysical and psychological treatments, tracking shifting explanations of how impressions are formed, preserved, and recalled within broader theories of soul, perception, and knowledge.