Pennsylvania Tablet
The 240 lines of the six columns of the text are enumerated in succession, with an indication on the margin where a new column begins. This method, followed also in the case of the Yale tablet, seems preferable to Langdon’s breaking up of the text into Obverse and Reverse, with a separate enumeration for each of the six columns. In order, however, to facilitate a comparison with Langdon’s edition, a table is added:
| Obverse Col. | I, 1 | = Line | 1 of our text. |
| ,, | I, 5 | = ,, | 5 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 10 | = ,, | 10 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 15 | = ,, | 15 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 20 | = ,, | 20 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 25 | = ,, | 25 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 30 | = ,, | 30 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 35 | = ,, | 35 ,, ,, ,, |
| Col. | II, 1 | = Line | 41 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 5 | = ,, | 45 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 10 | = ,, | 50 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 15 | = ,, | 55 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 20 | = ,, | 60 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 25 | = ,, | 65 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 30 | = ,, | 70 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 35 | = ,, | 75 ,, ,, ,, |
| Col. | III, 1 | = Line | 81 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 5 | = ,, | 85 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 10 | = ,, | 90 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 15 | = ,, | 95 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 26 | = ,, | 100 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 25 | = ,, | 105 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 30 | = ,, | 110 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 35 | = ,, | 115 ,, ,, ,, |
| Reverse Col. | I, 1 (= Col. IV) | = Line | 131 of our text. |
| ,, | I, 5 | = ,, | 135 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 10 | = ,, | 140 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 15 | = ,, | 145 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 20 | = ,, | 150 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 25 | = ,, | 155 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | I, 30 | = ,, | 160 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 1 (= Col. V) | = Line | 171 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 5 | = ,, | 175 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 10 | = ,, | 180 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 15 | = ,, | 185 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 20 | = ,, | 190 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 25 | = ,, | 195 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | II, 30 | = ,, | 200 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 1 (= Col. VI) | = Line | 208 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 5 | = ,, | 212 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 10 | = ,, | 217 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 15 | = ,, | 222 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 20 | = ,, | 227 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 25 | = ,, | 232 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 30 | = ,, | 237 ,, ,, ,, |
| ,, | III, 33 | = ,, | 240 ,, ,, ,, |
Pennsylvania Tablet.
Transliteration.
Col. I.
1it-bi-e-ma dGiš šú-na-tam i-pa-áš-šar
2iz-za-kàr-am a-na um-mi-šú
3um-mi i-na šá-at mu-ši-ti-ia
4šá-am-ḫa-ku-ma at-ta-na-al-la-ak
5i-na bi-ri-it it-lu-tim
6ib-ba-šú-nim-ma ka-ka-bu šá-ma-i
7[ki]-iṣ-rù šá A-nim im-ḳu-ut a-na ṣi-ri-ia
8áš-ši-šú-ma ik-ta-bi-it e-li-ia
9ú-ni-iš-šú-ma nu-uš-šá-šú ú-ul il-ti-’i
10Urukki ma-tum pa-ḫi-ir e-li-šú
11it-lu-tum ú-na-šá-ku ši-pi-šú
12ú-um-mi-id-ma pu-ti
13i-mi-du ia-ti
14áš-ši-a-šú-ma ab-ba-la-áš-šú a-na ṣi-ri-ki
15um-mi dGiš mu-di-a-at ka-la-ma
16iz-za-kàr-am a-na dGiš
17mi-in-di dGiš šá ki-ma ka-ti
18i-na ṣi-ri i-wa-li-id-ma
19ú-ra-ab-bi-šú šá-du-ú
20ta-mar-šú-ma [kima Sal(?)] ta-ḫa-du at-ta
21it-lu-tum ú-na-šá-ku ši-pi-šú
22tí-iṭ-ṭi-ra-áš-[šú tu-ut]-tu-ú-ma
23ta-tar-ra-[as-su] a-na ṣi-[ri]-ia
24[uš]-ti-nim-ma i-ta-mar šá-ni-tam
25[šú-na]-ta i-ta-wa-a-am a-na um-mi-šú
26[um-mi] a-ta-mar šá-ni-tam
27[šú-na-tu a-ta]-mar e-mi-a i-na su-ḳi-im
28[šá Uruk]ki ri-bi-tim
29ḫa-aṣ-ṣi-nu na-di-i-ma
30e-li-šú pa-aḫ-ru
31ḫa-aṣ-ṣi-nu-um-ma šá-ni bu-nu-šú
32a-mur-šú-ma aḫ-ta-du a-na-ku
33a-ra-am-šú-ma ki-ma áš-šá-tim
34a-ḫa-ab-bu-ub el-šú
35el-ki-šú-ma áš-ta-ka-an-šú
36a-na a-ḫi-ia
37um-mi dGiš mu-da-at [ka]-la-ma
38[iz-za-kàr-am a-na dGiš]
39[dGiš šá ta-mu-ru amêlu]
40[ta-ḫa-ab-bu-ub ki-ma áš-šá-tim el-šú]
Col. II.
41áš-šum uš-[ta]-ma-ḫa-ru it-ti-ka
42dGiš šú-na-tam i-pa-šar
43dEn-ki-[dũ wa]-ši-ib ma-ḫar ḫa-ri-im-tim
44ur-[šá ir]-ḫa-mu di-da-šá(?) ip-tí-[e]
45[dEn-ki]-dũ im-ta-ši a-šar i-wa-al-du
46ûm, 6 ù 7 mu-ši-a-tim
47dEn-[ki-dũ] ti-bi-i-ma
48šá-[am-ka-ta] ir-ḫi
49ḫa-[ri-im-tum pa-a]-šá i-pu-šá-am-ma
50iz-za-[kàr-am] a-na dEn-ki-dũ
51a-na-tal-ka dEn-ki-dũ ki-ma ili ta-ba-áš-ši
52am-mi-nim it-ti na-ma-áš-te-e
53ta-at-ta-[na-al]-ak ṣi-ra-am
54al-kam lu-úr-di-ka
55a-na libbi [Urukki] ri-bi-tim
56a-na bît [el]-lim mu-šá-bi šá A-nim
57dEn-ki-dũ ti-bi lu-ru-ka
58a-na Ê-[an]-na mu-šá-bi šá A-nim
59a-šar [dGiš gi]-it-ma-[lu] ne-pi-ši-tim
60ù at-[ta] ki-[ma Sal ta-ḫa]-bu-[ub]-šú
61ta-[ra-am-šú ki-ma] ra-ma-an-ka
62al-ka ti-ba i-[na] ga-ag-ga-ri
63ma-a-ag-ri-i-im
64iš-me a-wa-as-sa im-ta-ḫar ga-ba-šá
65mi-il-[kum] šá aššatim
66im-ta-ḳu-ut a-na libbi-šú
67iš-ḫu-ut li-ib-šá-am
68iš-ti-nam ú-la-ab-bi-iš-sú
69li-ib-[šá-am] šá-ni-a-am
70ši-i it-ta-al-ba-áš
71ṣa-ab-tat ga-as-su
72ki-ma [ili] i-ri-id-di-šú
73a-na gu-up-ri šá-ri-i-im
74a-šar tar-ba-ṣi-im
75i-na [áš]-ri-šú [im]-ḫu-ruri-ia-ú
76[ù šú-u dEn-ki-dũ i-lit-ta-šú šá-du-um-ma]
77[it-ti ṣabâti-ma ik-ka-la šam-ma]
78[it-ti bu-lim maš-ḳa-a i-šat-ti]
79[it-ti na-ma-áš-te-e mê i-ṭab lib-ba-šú]
(Perhaps one additional line missing.)
Col. III.
81ši-iz-ba šá na-ma-áš-te-e
82i-te-en-ni-ik
83a-ka-lam iš-ku-nu ma-ḫar-šú
84ib-tí-ik-ma i-na-at-tal
86ú-ul i-di dEn-ki-dũ
87aklam a-na a-ka-lim
88šikaram a-na šá-te-e-im
89la-a lum-mu-ud
90ḫa-ri-im-tum pi-šá i-pu-šá-am-ma
91iz-za-kàr-am a-na dEn-ki-dũ
92a-ku-ul ak-lam dEn-ki-dũ
93zi-ma-at ba-la-ṭi-im
94šikaram ši-ti ši-im-ti ma-ti
95i-ku-ul a-ak-lam dEn-ki-dũ
96a-di ši-bi-e-šú
97šikaram iš-ti-a-am
987 aṣ-ṣa-am-mi-im
99it-tap-šar kab-ta-tum i-na-an-gu
100i-li-iṣ libba-šú-ma
101pa-nu-šú [it]-tam-ru
102ul-tap-pi-it [lùŠÚ]-I
103šú-ḫu-ra-am pa-ga-ar-šú
104šá-am-nam ip-ta-šá-áš-ma
105a-we-li-iš i-we
106il-ba-áš li-ib-šá-am
107ki-ma mu-ti i-ba-áš-ši
108il-ki ka-ak-ka-šú
109la-bi ú-gi-ir-ri
110uš-sa-ak-pu re’ûti mu-ši-a-tim
111ut-tap-pi-iš šib-ba-ri
112la-bi uk-ta-ši-id
113it-ti-[lu] na-ki-[di-e] ra-bu-tum
114dEn-ki-dũ ma-aṣ-ṣa-ar-šú-nu
115a-we-lum giš-ru-um
116iš-te-en it-lum
117a-na [na-ki-di-e(?) i]-za-ak-ki-ir
(About five lines missing.)
Col. IV.
(About eight lines missing.)
131i-ip-pu-uš ul-ṣa-am
132iš-ši-ma i-ni-i-šú
134iz-za-kàr-am a-na ḫarimtim
135šá-am-ka-at uk-ki-ši a-we-lam
136a-na mi-nim il-li-kam
137zi-ki-ir-šú lu-uš-šú
138ḫa-ri-im-tum iš-ta-si a-we-lam
139i-ba-uš-su-um-ma i-ta-mar-šú
140e-di-il e-eš ta-ḫi-[il-la]-am
141lim-nu a-la-ku ma-na-aḫ-[ti]-ka
142e-pi-šú i-pu-šá-am-ma
143iz-za-kàr-am a-na dEn-[ki-dũ]
144bi-ti-iš e-mu-tim ik ……
145ši-ma-a-at ni-ši-i-ma
146tu-a-(?)-ar e-lu-tim
147a-na âli(?) dup-šak-ki-i e-ṣi-en
148uk-la-at âli(?) e-mi-sa a-a-ḫa-tim
149a-na šarri šá Urukki ri-bi-tim
150pi-ti pu-uk epiši(-ši) a-na ḫa-a-a-ri
151a-na dGiš šarri šá Urukki ri-bi-tim
152pi-ti pu-uk epiši(-ši)
153a-na ḫa-a-a-ri
154áš-ša-at ši-ma-tim i-ra-aḫ-ḫi
155šú-ú pa-na-nu-um-ma
156mu-uk wa-ar-ka-nu
157i-na mi-il-ki šá ili ga-bi-ma
158i-na bi-ti-iḳ a-bu-un-na-ti-šú
159ši-ma-as-su
160a-na zi-ik-ri it-li-im
161i-ri-ku pa-nu-šú
Col. V.
(About six lines missing.)
171i-il-la-ak [dEn-ki-dũ i-na pa-ni]
172u-šá-am-ka-at [wa]-ar-ki-šú
173i-ru-ub-ma a-na libbi Urukki ri-bi-tim
174ip-ḫur um-ma-nu-um i-na ṣi-ri-šú
175iz-zi-za-am-ma i-na su-ḳi-im
176šá Urukki ri-bi-tim
177pa-aḫ-ra-a-ma ni-šú
178i-ta-wa-a i-na ṣi-ri-šú
179a-na ṣalam dGiš ma-ši-il pi-it-tam
180la-nam šá-pi-il
181si-ma …. [šá-ki-i pu]-uk-ku-ul
182............. i-pa-ka-du
183i-[na mâti da-an e-mu]-ki i-wa
184ši-iz-ba šá na-ma-aš-te-e
185i-te-en-ni-ik
186ka-a-a-na i-na [libbi] Urukki kak-ki-a-tum
187it-lu-tum ú-te-el-li-lu
188šá-ki-in ur-šá-nu
189a-na itli šá i-šá-ru zi-mu-šú
190a-na dGiš ki-ma i-li-im
191šá-ki-iš-šum me-iḫ-rù
192a-na dIš-ḫa-ra ma-a-a-lum
193na-di-i-ma
194dGiš it-[ti-il-ma wa-ar-ka-tim]
195i-na mu-ši in-ni-[ib-bi]-it
196i-na-ag-šá-am-ma
197it-ta-[zi-iz dEn-ki-dũ] i-na sûḳim
198ip-ta-ra-[aṣ a-la]-ak-tam
199šá dGiš
200[a-na e-pi-iš] da-na-ni-iš-šú
Col. VI.
(About four lines missing.)
208šar(?)-ḫa
209dGiš …
210i-na ṣi-ri-[šú il-li-ka-am dEn-ki-dũ]
211i-ḫa-an-ni-ib [pi-ir-ta-šú]
212it-bi-ma [il-li-ik]
213a-na pa-ni-šú
214it-tam-ḫa-ru i-na ri-bi-tum ma-ti
215dEn-ki-dũ ba-ba-am ip-ta-ri-ik
216i-na ši-pi-šú
217dGiš e-ri-ba-am ú-ul id-di-in
218iṣ-ṣa-ab-tu-ma ki-ma li-i-im
219i-lu-du
220zi-ip-pa-am ’i-bu-tu
221i-ga-rum ir-tu-tu
222dGiš ù dEn-ki-dũ
223iṣ-ṣa-ab-tu-ú-ma
224ki-ma li-i-im i-lu-du
225zi-ip-pa-am ’i-bu-tu
226i-ga-rum ir-tu-tú
227ik-mi-is-ma dGiš
228i-na ga-ag-ga-ri ši-ip-šú
229ip-ši-iḫ uz-za-šú-ma
230i-ni-iḫ i-ra-as-su
231iš-tu i-ra-su i-ni-ḫu
232dEn-ki-dũ a-na šá-ši-im
233iz-za-kàr-am a-na dGiš
234ki-ma iš-te-en-ma um-ma-ka
235ú-li-id-ka
236ri-im-tum šá su-pu-ri
237dNin-sun-na
238ul-lu e-li mu-ti ri-eš-ka
239šar-ru-tú šá ni-ši
240i-ši-im-kum dEn-lil
241 duppu 2 kam-ma
242šú-tu-ur e-li …………………
243 4 šú-ši
Translation.
Col. I.
1Gish sought to interpret the dream;
2Spoke to his mother:
3“My mother, during my night
4I became strong and moved about
5among the heroes;
6And from the starry heaven
7A meteor(?) of Anu fell upon me:
8I bore it and it grew heavy upon me,
9I became weak and its weight I could not endure.
10The land of Erech gathered about it.
11The heroes kissed its feet.1
12It was raised up before me.
13They stood me up.2
14I bore it and carried it to thee.”
15The mother of Gish, who knows all things,
16Spoke to Gish:
17“Some one, O Gish, who like thee
18In the field was born and
19Whom the mountain has reared,
20Thou wilt see (him) and [like a woman(?)] thou wilt rejoice.
21Heroes will kiss his feet.
22Thou wilt spare [him and wilt endeavor]
23To lead him to me.”
25Dream, which he reported to his mother:
26[“My mother,] I have seen another
27[Dream.] My likeness I have seen in the streets
28[Of Erech] of the plazas.
29An axe was brandished, and
30They gathered about him;
31And the axe made him angry.
32I saw him and I rejoiced,
33I loved him as a woman,
34I embraced him.
35I took him and regarded him
36As my brother.”
37The mother of Gish, who knows all things,
38[Spoke to Gish]:
39[“O Gish, the man whom thou sawest,]
40[Whom thou didst embrace like a woman].
Col II.
41(means) that he is to be associated with thee.”
42Gish understood the dream.
43[As] Enki[du] was sitting before the woman,
44[Her] loins(?) he embraced, her vagina(?) he opened.
45[Enkidu] forgot the place where he was born.
46Six days and seven nights
47Enkidu continued
48To cohabit with [the courtesan].
49[The woman] opened her [mouth] and
50Spoke to Enkidu:
51“I gaze upon thee, O Enkidu, like a god art thou!
52Why with the cattle
53Dost thou [roam] across the field?
54Come, let me lead thee
55into [Erech] of the plazas,
56to the holy house, the dwelling of Anu,
57O, Enkidu arise, let me conduct thee
58To Eanna, the dwelling of Anu,
59The place [where Gish is, perfect] in vitality.
60And thou [like a wife wilt embrace] him.
61Thou [wilt love him like] thyself.
62Come, arise from the ground
63(that is) cursed.”
64He heard her word and accepted her speech.
65The counsel of the woman
66Entered his heart.
67She stripped off a garment,
68Clothed him with one.
69Another garment
70She kept on herself.
71She took hold of his hand.
72Like [a god(?)] she brought him
73To the fertile meadow,
74The place of the sheepfolds.
75In that place they received food;
76[For he, Enkidu, whose birthplace was the mountain,]
77[With the gazelles he was accustomed to eat herbs,]
78[With the cattle to drink water,]
79[With the water beings he was happy.]
(Perhaps one additional line missing.)
Col. III.
81Milk of the cattle
82He was accustomed to suck.
83Food they placed before him,
84He broke (it) off and looked
86Enkidu had not known
87To eat food.
88To drink wine
89He had not been taught.
90The woman opened her mouth and
91Spoke to Enkidu:
92“Eat food, O Enkidu,
93The provender of life!
94Drink wine, the custom of the land!”
95Enkidu ate food
96Till he was satiated.
97Wine he drank,
98Seven goblets.
99His spirit was loosened, he became hilarious.
100His heart became glad and
101His face shone.
102[The barber(?)] removed
103The hair on his body.
104He was anointed with oil.
105He became manlike.
106He put on a garment,
107He was like a man.
108He took his weapon;
109Lions he attacked,
110(so that) the night shepherds could rest.
111He plunged the dagger;
112Lions he overcame.
113The great [shepherds] lay down;
114Enkidu was their protector.
115The strong man,
116The unique hero,
117To [the shepherds(?)] he speaks:
(About five lines missing.)
Col. IV.
(About eight lines missing.)