- Ab ab-gar, 4
- Abba uddu, 4
- Abel, 164
- Abhra, 113
- Abib, 165, 166, 168, 170
- Aboo Simbel, 39, 40, 41
- Abraham, 167
- Abu, 2, 4
- Accad, 6, 52-57, 80. See Calendar
- Achæmenid kings, 60, 73
- Açvinî. See Aswinī
- Adar, Adaru, 2-6, 69
- A’ditya, 253
- Agane, 151
- Agni, 125-131, 138, 140, 153, 172, 181, 183
- Agrahayani, 228
- Ahi, 111. See Vritra
- Ahura Mazda, 60, 64, 65, 73-76, 81-83, 149-155, 172, 227
- Airu, 2, 4, 11
- Aitareya Brahmana, 140
- Akiba, Rabbi, 163
- Albumassar, 17, 18
- Alexander, 25, 91, 103
- Algol, 246
- Alphonsus, 23
- Altair, 67
- Amen, 32-41
- Amen-Ra, 32-34, 39-41
- Amon. See Amen
- Amphora, 44, 45, 67, 79, 204, 223, 233, 236
- Andromeda, 239-244, 246
- Anna, 48
- Apām Napāt, 126
- Apin-am-a, 4
- Apis Bull, 218, 233-235
- Apollo, 156
- Apollonius of Tyana, 97
- Aptya. See Trita
- Aquarii β, 196
- Aquarius, 9, 40, 44-47, 51-57, 66-70, 79, 80, 83, 123, 124, 129-132, 144, 174-179, 197, 199, 202, 209, 221-223, 232-235, 241, 250, 251, 255
- Aqrabu, 44
- Aquila, 66-70, 80, 124, 248
- Arakh-makru, 4
- Arakh-samna, 2, 4
- Aratos, 216, 224-227, 241, 242
- Archer. See Sagittarius
- Arcitenens, 44
- Argo, 248
- Aries, 1-19, 24-44, 53-57, 92, 94, 104, 145-147, 170, 171, 186-190, 209, 210, 217, 218, 220, 224, 235, 245, 251
- Arietis α and β, 94, 137, 142, 143, 251
- Arsacidæ, 4
- Artemis, 156, 157, 160
- Arū, 44
- Aryaman, 252
- As a-an, 4
- Assara Mazas, 149, 150
- Assur, 74-79, 83, 84, 86, 150-155, 227
- Assurbanipal, 6, 69
- Assyrian Standard, 77-80, 83, 86
- Asteria, 179
- Asura, 81, 82, 85, 86, 112, 150-153, 182, 183
- Asura maha, 153
- Aswamedha, 244, 251
- Aswinī, 92-94, 104, 132, 134, 136-148, 172, 181, 183, 187, 188, 210, 251, 253
- Aswins, the. See Aswinī
- Atharva Veda, 94, 133, 136
- Atri, 141, 181-184
- Attic year, 180
- Auriga, 245, 246
- Ava, 85
- Avesta. See Zend Avesta
- Áyu, 252
- Babylonia. See Calendar
- Bahu. See Bau
- Bailly, Jean Silvain, 17, 20, 26, 27, 29
- Barrett, Dr, 222
- Bar zig-gar, 4, 7, 10, 13-15, 53, 104, 165, 166, 171, 172
- Bau, 47-55, 57, 69, 210-212
- Bel, 16, 81
- Bel-Merodach, 69
- Bélier. See Aries
- Beltis, 16
- Bentley, Mr, 100
- Bergaigne, 140, 143
- Berosus, 18, 83
- Bethel, 233
- Bible, the, 21, 84, 164-170
- Bodhanundánath Swami, 157
- Boötes, 223-226
- British Museum, 3, 8
- Brown, Robert, 224, 226, 247
- Browne, Bishop, 21
- Brugsch, 33
- Bull. See Taurus
- Bulls, Assyrian, 87
- Burgess, 90, 93, 98
- Cain, 164
- Calendar, Accadian, 1-23, 57-58, 103, 145-147, 187, 208-210, 224
- —— Babylonian, 1-3, 103, 165, 234
- —— Chinese, 185-211
- —— Egyptian, 31, 34, 38, 39
- —— Grecian, 180
- —— Gregorian, 193-196
- —— Hebrew, 162-170, 234
- —— Indian, 88, 92, 96, 104, 132-148, 167, 171, 176, 181-184, 188, 217
- —— Lagash, 54, 57
- —— Median, 56-87, 222, 229
- —— Persian, 58-61
- —— Roman, 11, 159, 180, 193
- Cambyses, 235
- Cancer, 8, 36, 44, 218-221
- Canis Major, 248
- Canis Minor, 248
- Canopus, 248
- Capella, 246
- Caper, 44
- Capricornus, 52, 218, 220, 222, 252
- Capuja, 243
- Cassiopeia, 239-244, 246
- Cassyape, 243
- Castor, 221, 222
- Centaur, 155-158, 245
- Cepheus, 239-244, 246
- Cetus, 239-243
- Chaitra, 134-138, 171, 172, 181, 188
- Che, 202
- Chevreau, 23
- Ch’in, 207
- China, History of, 197-209
- Chipiez. See Perrot
- Chiron, 155, 156
- Chons, 32, 33
- Cisilivu, 4
- Claudius Ptolemy, 17, 216
- Clemens Alexandrinus, 23
- Confucius, 206, 207
- Cook, 21
- Corona Australis, 77, 229, 230
- Crab. See Cancer
- Cumont, 61
- Cuthah, 85
- Cuzallu, 4
- Cygnus, 248
- Cyrannid books, 17
- Dan, 233
- Darmesteter, 60
- Denderah, 218, 232
- Deuteronomy, 169, 170
- Devas, 82
- Dhanus, 223
- Dharbitu, 4
- D’Herbelot, 18
- Diana, 158
- Dianus, 158
- Doris, 242
- Draco, 223
- Dupuis, 27-29
- Dûzu, 2, 4
- Dvita, 177-180
- Eagle, 64. See Aquila
- Ebers, 35, 233
- Eden, 21, 22
- Edfu, 232
- Ekâṣhṭakā, 134
- Ekata, 177-180
- Ekhud, 48
- Elam, 81
- Ellilla, 48
- Elul, 2, 5
- Eninnu, 48
- Enzu, 44
- Epping and Strassmaier, 1-16, 44, 45, 102
- Equulei, α, 196
- Esneh, 218
- Eudoxos, 241, 242
- Eul-ya, 185, 204
- Eusebius, 17
- Evetts, 48
- Exodus, 165, 170
- Fasti Siculi, 23
- Fomalhaut, 67
- Freya, 96
- Gamaliel, Rabbi, 163
- Gandharba, 253
- Gan-ganna, 4
- Ganymede, 70
- Garga, 97
- Gàthàs, 153
- Gaubil, 204
- Gemini, 10, 44, 77, 146, 220, 221
- Genesis, 21, 210
- Genica, 17
- Gir-tab, 8
- Go, 113
- Goat-fish, 8, 220
- Golden calf, 233, 235
- Gregory XIII., 11, 193
- Griffin, 68
- Griffiths, 31
- Gu, 9, 44-47
- Gudea, 48-57, 208, 209, 222
- Gula, 9, 46-57, 69, 209
- Gutium, 81
- Hamath, 85
- Ḫammurabi, 3, 4, 6, 12, 83-85
- Heb en-ant, 35
- Hecate, 179
- Hermes, 17
- Hercules, 226, 229, 230, 245, 246
- Herodotus, 81
- Hierakonpolis, 236
- Hillebrandt, 122
- Hippocrene, 251, 255
- Hiu, 196-209
- Hommel, 149-151
- Horus, 33, 40
- Hsiâ, 207
- Hvarya, 150
- Hydra, 117-123, 132, 227, 229
- Icu, 246
- Indra, 111-124, 130, 131, 138, 148, 172-183, 252-254
- Innanna, 6
- Innannanki, 5
- Isaac, 167
- Isis, 33
- Istar, 4, 10, 84
- Jacob, 167
- Jana, 158
- Janus, 158-160
- Jemsheed, 58
- Jensen, 45, 49, 50, 68, 102
- Jeroboam, 233, 234
- Jerusalem, 163
- Jesuits, 194-196, 207
- Johnston, 40
- Jones, Sir William, 89, 90, 95, 96
- Josephus, 20, 169
- Jupiter, 47, 103
- Kailáçe, 158
- Kaiomurs, 58
- Kang, 186, 188
- Kao-yang, 201
- Karnak, 35, 36, 39
- Kas, 4, 10
- Ker Porter, 58, 65
- Khar-sidi, 4, 10
- Khophri, 220
- Ki Gingir-na, 4, 10
- Kîmta-rapaštu, 6
- Kio, 185, 186, 188, 191, 210
- Kis, 69
- Kislimu, 2, 4
- Kneeler, The, 226
- Kou, 205
- Kriṣánu, 125
- Krishna, 182
- Krittikā, 94, 134, 136
- Ku (sarikku), 44
- Kumbha, 223
- Lactantius, 23
- Lagash, 48-57, 68, 69, 208, 209, 222
- Lajard, 63, 66
- Lâṭadeva, 98
- Layard, 74, 77
- Legge, Mr, 234
- Legge, Professor, 197, 200, 207
- Lehmann, 102
- Leo, 44, 64-70, 79, 80, 83, 221, 232, 233, 235, 236
- Libra, 44, 218-220
- Lion. See Leo.
- Lugal-ki-ušuna, 6
- Lydda, 163
- Lyra, 226
- Macdonell, 111-128, 153, 175
- Magan, 49
- Mâgha, 134, 135
- Mahesa, 157
- Mahler, 102
- Mailla, Père de, 197-200
- Mait, 219
- Manda. See Umman Manda
- Mangala, 96
- Marchesvan, 234
- Marduk, 5
- Mars, 103
- Maruts, 173-175, 184, 252, 253
- Maspero, 33, 49, 68, 69, 219
- Mašu, 44
- Maut, 32, 33
- Mayer, 102
- Medusa, 246
- Memnonium, 35
- Memphian Triad, The, 33
- Mercury, 9, 103
- Merodach, 68
- Mesopotamia, 8, 49, 80, 83-86, 209
- Mills, 153
- Milton, 181, 241
- Mishna, 163
- Mithræum, 62
- Mithras, 60-65, 74, 81, 234, 235
- Mitra, 81, 252
- Mlechchas, 95, 97
- Moguls, 95
- Montucla, 89
- Moses, 165, 167
- Mṛiga, 228
- Mṛigashirsha, 228
- Müller, Max, 251
- Muna-xa, 8
- Munga, 4
- Muradi, 17
- Nakshatra, 92, 94, 104, 132, 133, 136, 142, 188, 227-229
- Nanâ, 6
- Nekropolis, 35-37
- Nicephorus, 23
- Nile, 32, 35, 36, 37
- Nineveh, 73, 74, 84, 86
- Ningirsu, 48-51, 208
- Ningiszida, 48
- Ninib, 49-53, 208
- Nisan, 2-19, 53, 69, 163-166
- Nisannu. See Nisan
- Noah, 58
- Noel, 205
- Nowroose, 58-60
- Oldenburg, 151, 152
- Olivet, 163
- Onuphrius Panvinius, 23
- Ophiuchus, 245, 246
- Oppert, 102
- Orion, 157, 227-229
- Ormuzd, 65
- Osiride pillars, 40
- Osiris, 33, 219
- Ostia, 62
- Pa, 44
- Pagas, 251
- Paitámaha, 98
- Pañchasiddhântikâ, 98
- Pan̂i, 112
- Panopê, 242
- Panvinius, Onuphrius, 23
- Passover, The, 169, 170
- Pauliśa, 98
- Pavamāna. See Soma
- Pegasus, 244, 248-255
- Peking, 194, 195
- Perrot and Chipiez, 64, 71, 73
- Persepolis, 64, 70, 72-74, 86, 87
- Perseus, 179, 239, 245-247
- Petrie, 236
- Phalgunī, 134, 135
- Pharisees, 169
- Philastrius, 23
- Philostratus, 97
- Phœnicians, 81
- Pisces, 44, 80, 174, 177-179, 202, 220, 221
- Piscium ζ, 93
- Pleiades, 94
- Plumptre, 163
- Poissons, Les. See Pisces
- Pollux. See Castor
- Ptah, 40
- Ptolemy, 17, 216
- Pulukku, 44
- Punjaub, 128
- Púshan, 252
- Quibell, 236
- Ram. See Aries
- Rameses II., 35-40
- Ramessides, 33
- Rashis, 92
- Ravi, 96
- Revatī, 92, 93, 104, 132, 138, 143, 187, 188
- Ribhukshin, 252
- Ricci, Matteo, 194
- Rig Veda, 92, 105-148, 153, 171-184, 228, 244, 251-255
- Rim-sin, 3, 4
- Rishis, 97, 106, 108, 123, 130, 133
- Romaka, 98
- Roman year, 180
- Rome, 61, 172, 193
- Rudra, 152-160, 172-174, 184
- Ṛṣis, 141. See Rishis
- Šabahu, 4
- Šabâtu, 2
- Sabbath, 163, 169, 170
- Sadducees, 169
- Sagitta, 125
- Sagittarius, 8, 76-83, 147, 150-160, 172-174, 220-223, 227, 230
- Sam, 36
- Samaria, 84, 85
- Samaritan Pentateuch, 22
- Samson Agonistes, 181
- Samsu-iluna, 3, 4
- Sani, 96
- Sara zig-gar, 4. See Bar zig-gar
- Sargon I., 6, 7, 10, 12, 13, 16, 80, 81, 83, 151
- Sargon II., 78
- Sassinide dynasty, 60
- Satapatha Brahmana, 141
- Sater, 96
- Saturn, 103
- Saura, 98
- Savitṛ, 140
- Sávitra, 98
- Sâyaṇa, 228
- Sayce, 7, 9, 46, 69, 81, 102
- Scarabæus, 218, 220
- Schall, J. A. von, 194, 195
- Schlegel, Gustav, 185, 186, 190, 191, 204, 205
- Scorpio, 8, 44, 63-67, 80, 221, 231-236
- Se-dir, 4, 13, 14, 146, 147
- Se-ki-sil, 4, 13, 14, 146, 147
- Seleucidæ, 4
- Semites, 83-85
- Sepharvaim, 85
- Septuagint, 22
- Seth, 20
- Seti, 36, 39
- Shou, 33
- Shuddh Paksha, 182
- Shukla, 182
- Siddhāntas, The, 98. See Sūrya Siddhānta
- Simannu, 2, 4
- Sing-king, 186
- Siou, 185, 188, 196, 197, 202, 207
- Sirius, 31, 38
- Siva, 157, 173
- Slates, 235-238
- Sóma, 96
- Soma, 107, 108, 111, 121-125, 131, 138, 172-177, 253-255
- Souciet, 204
- Southern Crown, 77
- Sphinxes, 32, 34
- Spica, 28, 167, 170, 171, 188-190, 210
- Standard, Assyrian, 77-80, 83, 86
- Strassmaier. See Epping
- Strauchius, 23
- Sucra, 96
- Suidas, 23
- Su-kul-na, 4
- Sunahśepas, 244
- Suria, 150
- Surias, 150
- Súrya, 182, 183
- Sūrya Siddhānta, 90, 93, 98, 187
- Susa, 70-73, 87
- Swarbhánu, 182, 183
- Syncellus, 17
- Taittirîya Brāhmana, 136
- Taittirîya Sanhitâ, 134-136, 139
- Talmud, 162, 163, 169
- Tasritu, 4
- Taurus, 8, 11, 44, 56-87, 146, 154, 156, 159, 160, 221, 232-236
- Tchuen-Hio, 197-210, 222
- Tebitu, 2, 4
- Telloh, 48, 49
- Te (mennu), 44
- Theban Triad, The, 32, 33
- Thebes, 34
- Thibaut, 98
- Thor, 96
- Thoth, 38, 39
- Thraetona, 178
- Thrita, 178
- Tilak, B. G., 134, 135, 228
- Tischritu, 2, 4
- Tisri, 163
- Tithis, 176, 180, 182
- Tortoise, 8, 218
- Trita Aptya, 175-181, 184, 253-255
- Triton, 178, 179
- Tsivan, 4
- Tuisco, 96
- Tul-cu, 4
- Twasht́ṛi, 252
- Twins. See Gemini
- Tyana, 97
- Ūdhar, 113
- Ulûlu, 2, 4
- Umman Manda, 81-86, 151
- Unger, 27
- Universal History, 21
- Ursa Major, 224
- Uṣas, 139, 140
- Usher, Archbishop, 21, 22
- Utu, 5
- Vadya Paksha, 182
- Vala, 112
- Valley, Feast of the, 36, 38
- Varāha, 97-99
- Varāhamihira. See Varāha
- Varuna, 152-154, 252, 253
- Vâsisṭha, 98
- Vasus, 253
- Vedas, 95, 106, 128. See Atharva Veda, Rig Veda, Yajur Veda
- Venus, 103
- Verethraghna, 114
- Verseau. See Aquarius
- Vierge. See Virgo
- Virgil, 159
- Virginis α, 188
- Virgo, 10, 28, 44, 80, 185, 186, 220, 221
- Vossius, Isaac, 23
- Vrihaspati, 96
- Vritra, 111-123, 148, 177
- Vrtrahan, 114
- Wan-nian-shu, 194
- Water-jar. See Amphora
- Water-man. See Aquarius
- Week, Days of, 96
- Whitney, 93, 187
- Wilson, 112, 124-127, 153, 182, 251
- Woden, 96
- Wogue, 169
- Yajur Veda, 94, 133-135
- Yama, 253
- Yāska, 141
- Yavan, 95, 97
- Yoga stars, 142
- Zamama, 69
- Zend Avesta, 60, 113, 114, 178
- Zeus, 70
- Zib, 44
- Zibanîtu, 44
- Zodiac, 2 et passim
- Zu, 69
About This Book
The collected essays examine how ancient cultures constructed luni‑solar calendars and assigned the months to zodiacal constellations, focusing on Mesopotamian (Accadian/Babylonian) systems and comparing Median, Indian, and Chinese practices. The author argues that shifting celestial coordinates from precession explain why certain months and constellations were originally aligned, and she reconstructs ancient skies with a precessional globe illustrated by plates. Close readings of myths are offered as potentially astronomical rather than purely solar metaphors, and the work encourages combining textual and astronomical analysis to refine chronological and mythological interpretations.