Ancient Civilizations of Mexico and Central America / Third and Revised Edition

T

Talamanca, 44.

Tarahumare, 33, 36.

Tarascan, culture, 244-245;

stock, 35.

Tarascans, 44.

Tattooing, shown on archaic figurines, 56, 58.

Tecpan, 208, 209, 212, 213, 215.

Temple, of the Cross, model of, 76;

enclosure, Tenochtitlan, 212, 213, 215;

structure of Mayan, 78, 79, 81, 83;

of the Sun, Aztecan, 217;

at Xochicalco, 179.

Temples, Mayan, 78-83, 109, 146, 150;

Mitla, 163-164;

Tenochtitlan, 212, 213, 215;

Toltecan, 170;

Zapotecan, 157.

Tenochtitlan, 25, 26, 27, 29, 34, 47, 209, 210, 213, 219, 242.

Teocentli, sacred maize, 51, 52.

Teonanacatl, peyote, use of, 38.

Teotihuacan, 157.

Teotleco, twelfth month, Aztecan, 237-238.

Tepanecas, 47, 205, 209.

Tepehuane, 33, 36.

Teswin, 38.

Teteocan, 233.

Teteoinnan, 236.

Texcoco, 172, 195, 203, 204, 209, 239.

Textile, art, Cora and Huichol, 37;

art, Mayan, 88;

decoration, Aztec, 243;

designs, on archaic effigies, 58.

Tezcatlipoca, feast of, 26.

Tikal, 75, 83, 146, 148.

Time, count, Aztecan, 205;

Mayan, 111;

Toltecan, 172;

Zapotecan, 161, 163.

Time-relations, in New World culture, 249-252.

Tizoc, stone of, 209, 215, 219-221.

Tlachtli, Mexican ball game, 170, 179.

Tlacopan, 209.

Tlaloc, God of Rain, 58, 178, 215, 230, 231.

Tlalocan, 234.

Tlappaneca, 189.

Tlaxcala, 25, 27, 34, 44, 209.

Tlotzin, map of, 203.

Toltec, era, and Quetzalcoatl, 171-175.

Toltecs, 110, 149, 154, 156, 169-171, 203, 232.

Tomb, cruciform, near Mitla, 158, 164.

Tonalamatl, Aztecan, 113, 228, 238-239.

Tonatiuh, the Sun god, 217, 221, 231.

Topography, Mexico and Central America, 14-19.

Totonacan, culture, 165-169;

stock, 35.

Totonacs, 187.

Toxcatl, Aztecan month, 235.

Traditions, Colombia and Peru, 250;

Mayan, 104.

Transition Period, Mayan history, 148-149.

Trees, Mexico and Central America, 21.

Tribes, Indian, Mexico and Central America, 33, 34, 35, 36.

Tribute, lists, Aztecan, 243;

roll, 200, 245;

taken by Toltecs, 171.

Tripod vessels, archaic period, 59.

Tro-Cortesianus Codex, 128.

Tropical year, 139.

Tula, 169, 173, 179.

Tulum, 150, 151.

Tun, defined, 139.

Tuxtla Statuette, 146, 153.

Turquoise, Aztec work in, 243.

Two-Headed Dragon, 93, 100, 101, 102, 105, 108.

Tzendals, 44.

Tzintzuntzan, Tarascan capital, 244.

Tzolkin, defined, 113, 115, 117, 118;

in Dresden Codex, 133-135;

origin of, 113;

permutation table, 114.

U

Uayeb period, Mayan, 115.

Uaxactun, 139, 146, 148.

Uinal, lunar month, 112.

Universe, Aztecan conceptions of the, 232-234.

Urns, Zapotecan funerary, 159-160.

Uto-Aztecan languages, distribution of, 33-35.

Uxmal, 149, 150;

House of the Governor at, 82.

V

Vault, Mayan buildings, 79.

Venus, Aztecan festivals in connection with, 239;

calendar, Mayan, 143-145, 146.

Viceroys, Spanish, in Mexico, 31.

Vigesimal system of counting, Mayan, 118, 119.

Volcanoes, Mexico and Central America, 16, 19.

W

Wall construction, La Quemada, 182-183;

Mayan, 76, 79, 81-83;

Mitla, 161, 164.

War God, Aztecan, 219, 237;

Mayan, 103.

War, importance in Aztecan organization, 209-210;

Toltecan, 170-171.

Weapons, shown in archaic figurines, 58.

Weaving, shown in archaic figurines, 57-58;

Cora and Huichol, 37;

Lacandone, 41;

Mayan, 88;

Tarascan, 244.

Whistles, Aztecan, 241.

Writing, hieroglyphic, Mayan, 73;

Mayan and Aztecan, 125-128;

Mexican, 223-229.

X

Xcalumkin, 134.

Xipe, 178, 189, 232, 236.

Xkichmook, 84.

Xochicalco, 157, 179.

Xochimilco, 48, 207.

Xolotl, 204.

Y

Yatacas, Tarascan mounds, 244.

Yaqui, 44.

Yaxchilan, 75, 83, 94, 102.

Year, bearers, Cuicatecan, 246, 247;

conventional, Mayan, 114-117;

length of Mayan, 112;

Mayan, the true, 139-140;

symbol, southern Mexico, 245.

Yellow fever, presence in Central America, 148.

Yokes, sacrificial, 167;

designs on, 167, 168.

Yum Kaax, Lord of the Harvest, 103.

Z

Zapotecan stock, 35.

Zapotecs, culture of, 44, 156-163.

Zero, invention of sign for, Mayas, 119.

Zotzils, 211.

ANTHROPOLOGICAL HANDBOOKS AND GUIDE LEAFLETS

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North American Indians of the Plains. By Clark Wissler. Third Edition, 172 pages, maps and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

Indians of the Southwest. By Pliny Earle Goddard. Fourth Edition, 205 pages, maps and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

Ancient Civilizations of Mexico and Central America. By Herbert J. Spinden. Third Edition, 270 pages, map and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

Indians of the Northwest Coast. By Pliny Earle Goddard. Second Edition, 176 pages, map and illustrations.

Peoples of the Philippines. By A. L. Kroeber. Second Edition, 244 pages, maps and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

Old Civilizations of Inca Land. By Charles W. Mead. 117 pages, map and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

Essentials of Anthropometry. By L. B. Sullivan. Revised Edition, by H. L. Shapiro. 83 pages, and illustrations. Cloth, $1.00.

The Ancient Quipu or Peruvian Knot Record. By L. Leland Locke. 84 pages, and illustrations. Cloth, $3.00.

Peoples of Asiatic Russia. By Waldemar Jochelson. 277 pages, maps and illustrations. Paper, $2.50.

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The Indians of Manhattan Island and Vicinity. By Alanson Skinner. Fourth Edition, 63 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 20 cents.

Peruvian Art. A Help for Students of Design. By Charles W. Mead. Fifth Edition, 24 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 10 cents.

Indian Beadwork. By Clark Wissler. Second Edition, 31 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 20 cents.

Basketry Designs of the Mission Indians. By A. L. Kroeber. Second Edition, 20 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 15 cents.

Indian Costumes in the United States. By Clark Wissler. 32 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 15 cents.

The Maoris and Their Arts. By Margaret Mead. 38 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 15 cents.

Pottery of the Southwestern Indians. By Pliny Earle Goddard. 30 pages, and illustrations. Paper, 15 cents.

Transcriber’s Note

• Where possible, transcribed text within images.
• Silently corrected apparent typographical errors; left non-standard spellings and dialect unchanged.