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Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley / Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Vol. I. cover

Ancient Monuments of the Mississippi Valley / Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge, Vol. I.

Chapter 5: LIST OF WOOD ENGRAVINGS.
By E. G. Squier
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About This Book

A systematic investigation documents the prehistoric earthen mounds, embankments, and fortified enclosures across the Mississippi Valley, providing site descriptions, measurements, plans, and detailed plates. It classifies monument types, reports burial contexts and associated artifacts, and maps geographic distribution. Field observation is combined with interpretive discussion about the builders and their practices, and attention is given to preservation concerns and directions for further inquiry. The result is both meticulous archaeological documentation and broader reflections on the origins and functions of the region's ancient earthworks.

LIST OF WOOD ENGRAVINGS.

  • 1.
    View of Great Mound at Miamisburgh, Ohio,
    3
  • 2.
    Section, exhibiting Septaria,
    13
  • 3.
    Group of Mounds within an enclosure,
    27
  • 4.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Lorain county, Ohio,
    39
  • 5.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Lorain county, Ohio,
    39
  • 6.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Cuyahoga county, Ohio,
    40
  • 7.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Cuyahoga county, Ohio,
    40
  • 8.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Wood county, Ohio,
    40
  • 9.
    Circle and truncated Pyramid,
    53
  • 10.
    Plan of Ancient Work, at Circleville, Ohio,
    60
  • 11.
    Plan of Sacred Enclosure, Pike county, Ohio,
    66
  • 12.
    Bird-shaped Mound, Newark, Ohio,
    68
  • 13.
    View of Gateway of Octagon, Newark, Ohio,
    69
  • 14.
    Truncated Mound covering gateway,
    69
  • 15.
    Crown-work of Circle,
    69
  • 16.
    View of “Observatory” at Newark,
    70
  • 17.
    “Elevated Squares” at Marietta, Ohio,
    74
  • 18.
    Plan of Ancient Work, Parkersburgh, Virginia,
    77
  • 19.
    Circle and Mound, Greenup county, Kentucky,
    82
  • 20.
    Graded Way, Piketon, Ohio,
    88
  • 21.
    Plan of Ancient Work in Alabama,
    109
  • 22.
    Plan of Ancient Work in Bolivar county, Mississippi,
    116
  • 23.
    Public Square of the Muscogulges,
    121
  • 24.
    Mound at Mount Royal, Florida,
    122
  • 25.
    Plan of Mound and Parallels,
    122
  • 26.
    Plan of Works in Wisconsin,
    133
  • 27.
    Group illustrating the forms of the Mounds,
    139
  • 28.
    Hill Mounds,
    141
  • 29.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    144
  • 30.
    Structure of Mounds,
    144
  • 31.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    147
  • 32.
    Plan of Altar,
    147
  • 33.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    148
  • 34.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    149
  • 35.
    Section of Altar,
    150
  • 36.
    Section of Altar,
    150
  • 37.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    152
  • 38.
    Plan of Altar,
    152
  • 39.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    153
  • 40.
    Position of recent deposits,
    153
  • 41.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    154
  • 42.
    Plan of Excavation, etc.
    154
  • 43.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    155
  • 44.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    156
  • 45.
    Section of Sacrificial Mound,
    156
  • 46.
    Section of a Stratified Mound,
    158
  • 47.
    Section of a Mound,
    159
  • 48.
    View of Elliptical Mound,
    160
  • 49.
    Group of Sepulchral Mounds,
    161
  • 50.
    Section of Sepulchral Mound,
    162
  • 51.
    Plan of Sepulchral Chamber,
    162
  • 52.
    Section of Sepulchral Mound,
    164
  • 53.
    Position of Skeleton,
    164
  • 54.
    Section of Sepulchral Mound,
    165
  • 55.
    Section of Grave creek Mound,
    169
  • 56.
    View of Grave creek Mound,
    169
  • 57.
    Plans of groups of Mounds,
    170
  • 58.
    Mounds of Oregon,
    171
  • 59.
    Terraced Mound,
    173
  • 60.
    Plan of Cahokia Mound,
    174
  • 61.
    Lozenge-shaped Mound,
    175
  • 62.
    Section of a truncated Mound,
    176
  • 63.
    Plan of an Ancient octagonal Terrace,
    176
  • 64.
    Plan of an Ancient rectangular Terrace,
    176
  • 65.
    Plan of Temple Mound with graded ascent,
    177
  • 66.
    Group of Sepulchral Mounds,
    177
  • 67.
    Plan and Section of Anomalous Mound,
    178
  • 68.
    Ancient Pipe from the Mounds,
    179
  • 69.
    Section of Anomalous Mound,
    180
  • 70.
    Conical Mound,
    185
  • 71.
    Ancient Pottery, three figures,
    191
  • 72.
    Ancient Pottery, three figures,
    192
  • 73.
    Ancient Earthen Vessel,
    192
  • 74.
    Ancient Earthen Vessel,
    192
  • 75.
    Ancient Terra Cotta,
    193
  • 76.
    Terra Cotta from the Mounds,
    194
  • 77.
    Terra Cotta from the Mounds,
    194
  • 78.
    Terra Cotta from the Mounds,
    194
  • 79.
    Terra Cotta from the Mounds,
    194
  • 80.
    Terra Cotta from the Mounds,
    194
  • 81.
    Copper Axe from the Mounds,
    197
  • 82.
    Earthen Pipes, two figures,
    197
  • 83.
    Adjustment of Ancient Axes,
    198
  • 84.
    Copper Axe from the Mounds,
    199
  • 85.
    Copper Gravers from the Mounds, five figures,
    200
  • 86.
    Copper Spear-head and Knife,
    201
  • 87.
    Ancient Copper Implements, five figures,
    201
  • 88.
    Copper Bracelets from the Mounds,
    204
  • 89.
    Copper Gorgets from the Mounds,
    205
  • 90.
    Copper Ornament from the Mounds,
    206
  • 91.
    Copper Ornament from the Mounds,
    206
  • 92.
    Ancient Work-block of stone,
    206
  • 93.
    Copper Beads from the Mounds,
    207
  • 94.
    Copper Fibulæ from the Mounds,
    207
  • 95.
    Copper Bands, etc.,
    207
  • 96.
    Silver Beads from the Mounds,
    207
  • 97.
    Silver Cross,
    208
  • 98.
    An article of Lead,
    209
  • 99.
    Flint Spear-heads, three figures,
    211
  • 100.
    Quartz Spear-head,
    211
  • 101.
    Ancient Mexican mahquahuitl,
    211
  • 102.
    Sword of Pacific Islanders,
    211
  • 103.
    Arrow-heads, nine figures,
    212
  • 104.
    Hornstone Disks, three figures,
    214
  • 105.
    Flint Knives, three figures,
    215
  • 106.
    Hematite Cutting Implements,
    215
  • 107.
    Slate Cutting Implements,
    216
  • 108.
    Ancient Stone Axe,
    216
  • 109.
    Ancient Stone Axe, four figures,
    217
  • 110.
    Stone Axe from Mounds,
    217
  • 111.
    Stone Hand-axe,
    218
  • 112.
    Ancient Stone-axe, four figures,
    218
  • 113.
    Ancient Scandinavian Axes, two figures,
    218
  • 114.
    Ancient ornamented Axes, six figures,
    218
  • 115.
    Ancient ornamented Axe,
    219
  • 116.
    Ancient Club-head of Stone,
    219
  • 117.
    Ancient Club-head of Stone,
    219
  • 118.
    Pestles of Stone, two figures,
    220
  • 119.
    Implements of Bone, three figures.
    220
  • 120.
    Ancient Bone Awls,
    220
  • 121.
    Discoidal Stones, six figures,
    221
  • 122.
    Tubes of Stone, two figures,
    224
  • 123.
    Ornamented Stone Tube,
    225
  • 124.
    Stone Tube,
    226
  • 125.
    Stone Tubes,
    227
  • 126.
    Ancient Mound Pipe,
    227
  • 127.
    Granite Pipe,
    228
  • 128.
    Modern Indian Pipes,
    230
  • 129.
    Beads of Shell,
    232
  • 130.
    Beads of Shell, three figures,
    233
  • 131.
    Pendants, eight figures,
    234
  • 132.
    Pendants of Stone,
    235
  • 133.
    Stone Gorgets, two figures,
    236
  • 134.
    Stone Gorget,
    237
  • 135.
    Stone Gorget,
    237
  • 136.
    Stone Gorgets, seventeen figures,
    237
  • 137.
    Section of Gorget,
    238
  • 138.
    Stone Ornaments,
    239
  • 139.
    Prismatic Tube,
    240
  • 140.
    Articles of Stone,
    240
  • 141.
    Mica Ornaments,
    240
  • 142.
    Sculptured head from the Mounds, two views,
    244
  • 143.
    Sculptured head from the Mounds, two views,
    244
  • 144.
    Sculptured head from the Mounds, two views,
    245
  • 145.
    Sculptured head from the Mounds, two views,
    245
  • 146.
    Ancient Sculpture,
    247
  • 147.
    Sculptured Pipe,
    247
  • 148.
    Sculptured Pipe,
    248
  • 149.
    Sculptured Pipe,
    249
  • 150.
    Mask of Stone,
    250
  • 151.
    Mask of Stone,
    251
  • 152.
    Mask of Stone,
    251
  • 153.
    Sculpture of the Manitus,
    251
  • 154.
    Sculpture of the Manitus,
    252
  • 155.
    Sculpture of the Beaver,
    256
  • 156.
    Sculpture of the Otter,
    256
  • 157.
    Sculpture of the Otter,
    256
  • 158.
    Sculpture of the Panther,
    256
  • 159.
    Sculpture of the Panther,
    256
  • 160.
    Sculpture of the Panther,
    256
  • 161.
    Sculptured head of Elk,
    257
  • 162.
    Sculptured Head,
    258
  • 163.
    Sculptured Head,
    258
  • 164.
    Sculpture of tufted Heron,
    259
  • 165.
    Sculpture of Eagle,
    259
  • 166.
    Sculpture of Hawk,
    261
  • 167.
    Sculpture of Swallow,
    261
  • 168.
    Sculpture of Summer Duck,
    261
  • 169.
    Sculpture of Toucan?
    261
  • 170.
    Sculpture of Grouse,
    261
  • 171.
    Sculpture of Turkey Buzzard?
    261
  • 172.
    Sculpture of Paroquet,
    263
  • 173.
    Sculpture of Bird
    263
  • 174.
    Sculpture of Bird
    263
  • 175.
    Sculpture of Bird
    263
  • 176.
    Sculpture of Bird
    263
  • 177.
    Sculpture of Bird
    264
  • 178.
    Sculpture of Toucan,
    266
  • 179.
    Sculpture of unknown Bird,
    267
  • 180.
    Heads of Eagles,
    267
  • 181.
    Head of Raven?
    267
  • 182.
    Sculpture of unknown Bird,
    267
  • 183.
    Sculpture of Toad,
    269
  • 184.
    Sculpture of Toad,
    269
  • 185.
    Sculpture of Frog,
    269
  • 186.
    Sculpture of Rattlesnake,
    269
  • 187.
    Sculptured head of Goose,
    269
  • 188.
    Sculptured Death’s Head,
    269
  • 189.
    Sculptured Head of Bear?
    271
  • 190.
    Sculptured Head of Wolf?
    271
  • 191.
    Sculptured Head of unknown animal,
    271
  • 192.
    Sculptured Head of unknown animal,
    271
  • 193.
    Sculptured Head of unknown animal,
    271
  • 194.
    Front View of Tablet found at Cincinnati,
    275
  • 195.
    Reverse of same,
    275
  • 196.
    Carving of Rattlesnake, coiled,
    276
  • 197.
    Shark’s Teeth, fossil,
    282
  • 198.
    Marine Shell, pyrula perversa,
    283
  • 199.
    Section of Hill Mound,
    289
  • 200.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    294
  • 201.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    295
  • 202.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    295
  • 203.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    296
  • 204.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    296
  • 205.
    Inscribed Rock on Guyandotte river, Va.,
    297
  • 206.
    Inscribed Rock on Ohio river,
    298
  • 207.
    Site of Sculptured Rocks of the Guyandotte
    299