F
- Fabre, M., on Sitaris, 439
- Facetted eye, 289
- Factors of phenomena, laws of, 61
- Falkland Islands, cattle of, 102;
- birds of, 443
- Fear, dread and terror, 387;
- instinct of, 443
- Feelings of animals, 8, 378
- Female. See Sex-differentiation.
- Female and male insects, differences between, 179;
- vigour expended on offspring, 238
- Fertilization, nature of, 42;
- absent in parthenogenetic forms, 44
- Fertility, differential, Darwin and Romanes on, 104;
- of hybrids, 105
- Fetishism, its natural genesis, 492
- Fischer, Dr. Emil, on smell, 254
- Fish, respiration in, 24;
- Fisk, Rev. G. H. R., on sympathy in cat, 397
- Fission, a process of cell-division, 37;
- Flight, instinctive nature of, 425
- Flourens, M., on function of semicircular canals, 269
- Flowers and fruits, selection of, 93;
- evolved through insect agency, 206
- Folliculina, 360
- Food-stuffs, relations of animals and plants to, 15;
- nature of and digestion of, 25
- Food-yolk, influence of, on development, 55;
- the result of parental sacrifice, 57
- Forbes, H. O., on Javan spiders, 90
- Forel, M., on taste of ants, 253;
- Form-characteristics of animals, 2
- Fortuitous variation, 235
- Fosterage and protection, 219;
- result of female self-sacrifice, 238
- Fothergill, Mr., on dogs swimming rivers, 364
- Fowl, variations in, attributed by Darwin to use, 171;
- Fox, cunning of, 366
- Francis, Mr. H. A., 90
- Fritsch, Dr., Fig. of skull of Melanerpeton, 288
- Frog, development of, 6;
- Fruits and flowers, selection of, 93
G
- Gabet, Messrs. Huc and, on Llama cow, 333
- Galapagos Archipelago, species and varieties in, 99;
- climate of, 109
- Gallus bankiva, 230
- Galton, Mr. Francis, on the coloration of the zebra, 84;
- Ganglia, 31
- Gannet, rate of increase of, 57
- Gas-engine, analogy of, 30
- Gautier, Théophile, his cat, 264
- Geddes, Prof. Patrick, and Thomson, J. A., on anabolism and katabolism, 44;
- Gemmules, pangenetic, 131
- Generations, alternation of, 46
- Generic idea, 326
- Geographical barriers a means of segregation, 99
- Geological changes, influence on natural selection, 113
- Germ-plasm, continuity of, 138;
- convenience of, 140
- Gills of mussel, 4;
- as respiratory organs, 24
- Giraffe, co-ordinated variations in, 212
- Glacial epoch, effects of, 113
- Gland, pineal, 288
- Goldfinch, song of, 454
- Goldschneider, on temperature-sense, 249
- Gould, Dr., on humming-birds' nests, 408
- Graber, Dr., on colour-sensitiveness of earthworm, 293
- Grant, Mr. G. L., on New Zealand sparrows, 445
- Grasshopper, auditory organ of, 266
- Gregarina, reproduction in, 38
- Grenacher, Dr., experiment on moth's eye, 290
- Grouse, white plumage in, due to reversion, 229
- Grove, Sir W. R., on antagonism, 394
- Growth of organisms, 5;
- Guidance distinguished from origin, 242
- Guillemot, eggs of, 410
- Gulick, Rev. J. T., on landshells of Sandwich Islands, 109;
- on tendency to divergence, 151
- Guppy, Mr., on crab of Solomon Islands, 87
H
- Habits of animals, 415
- Habitual activities, 420;
- sense of satisfaction in performance of, 421
- Haeckel, Prof., plastidules of, 125;
- theory of perigenesis, 159
- Halictus cylindricus, 90
- Hamerton, Mr. P. G., on the ignorance of animals, 333
- Hamilton, Sir Wm., quoted, 470
- Hancock, Mr. John, on instinct of cuckoo, 437
- Hasse, E., on bumble-bees, 259
- Hauser, on cockchafer, 259
- Haycroft, Mr. J. B., on taste, 250
- Hearing, sense of, 261
- Heliconia, 203
- Helix, nemoralis and hortensis, variation of, 75, 217, 226, 239
- Helmholtz, Von, on colour, 277;
- on local signs of retina, 308
- Hen and egg, problem of, 130
- Hensen, on shrimps, 266
- Herbert, Prof. T. M., quoted, 471
- Herdman, Prof., on sea-slug (Doris), 84;
- Heredity, an organic application of the law of persistence, 62;
- Hering, Edward, on organic memory, 62, 475
- Heron, Sir R., on crossing rabbits, 225
- Herschell, Sir John, on colour, 277
- Hertwig, Richard, observations on Infusoria, 39
- Hicks, on Capricorn beetle, 267
- Hicks' organ, 267
- Hickson, Dr., Fig. of eye of fly, 290
- Hipparion, 118
- Hippopotamus, instinctive activities in, 423
- Holland, Sir Henry, on inheritance, 223
- Homing faculty of bees, 428
- Horse, two different evolutions of, 118;
- Howse, Prof., antennule of crayfish, 259
- Huber, Pierre, on smell in bees, 257;
- judgment and instinct, 452
- Huc and Gabet, Messrs., on Llama cow, 333
- Huggins, Dr., his dog Kepler, 396
- Humming-birds, 110
- Humour, sense of, in dog, 406
- Huxley, T. H., on limitation of variations, 151;
- on neurosis and psychosis, 465
- Hyatt, Prof., on acceleration and retardation, 221
- Hybrids, fertility of, 105
- Hydra, reproduction of, 14, 41;
- Hydra tuba, and medusa of aurelia, 45
- Hydroids, development of, 46;
- Weismann on, 139
- Hymenoptera, antennary structures of, 297;
I
- Ichneumon fly, instinct of, 430
- Ichthyosaurus, pineal eye of, 288
- Icteridæ, 454
- Idea of an object, 313
- Ideas, conceptual, their environment, 485;
- the law of their evolution, 486
- Idealism, 474
- Ignorance of animals, 333
- Image, inverted in retina, 311
- Imagination, constructive, 325
- Imitation as a factor in habit or instinct, 443, 453
- Immortality of protozoa, 12
- Incongruity, elimination by, 486
- Increase, law of, 58
- Incubation, instinct of, 434
- Individuality, a tendency to differentiation, 183
- Inference, conscious and unconscious, 328;
- in animals, 361
- Infertility of isolated forms, 108
- Infusoria, reproduction in, 39
- Inheritance, exclusive, a means of isolation, 104;
- Inhibition, 385;
- as a condition of volition, 459
- Innate capacity, 422;
- its importance, 429
- Insects, tracheal respiration of, 3, 24;
- wingless, of Madeira, 81;
- of Kerguelen Island, 81;
- mimicry and protective resemblance in, 85, 88;
- segregation by colour, 101;
- antennæ of, 178;
- mouth-organs of, 179;
- and the evolution of flowers, 206;
- sense of touch in, 248;
- taste in, 253;
- smell in, 257;
- hearing in, 266;
- sight in, 288;
- perceptual powers of, 357;
- neuter, 440
- Instinct and available advantage, 211;
- consideration of, 415;
- perfect, imperfect, and incomplete, 422;
- deferred, 423;
- blind prevision in, 429;
- gratification in performance of, 430;
- consciousness and, 432;
- primary and secondary, 434;
- three factors in the origin of, 447;
- as influenced by intelligence, 452;
- by imitation, 453;
- by education, 455;
- as distinguished from intelligence, 457
- Instinctive emotion, 390, 395
- Integration and differentiation, 183
- Intellectual development, 486
- Intelligence involved in selection, 95;
- Interbreeding and intercrossing, 97
- Interneural evolution, 490
- Interpretations of nature, genera and species of, 492
- Isle of Man, tortoiseshell butterfly of, 81
- Isolates, 322, 364
- Isolation, organic, or segregation, 99;
- mental, or abstraction, 322
J
K
- Kallima paralecta, leaf-butterfly, 86
- Kant, quoted, 476
- Katabolism, a disruption or explosive process, 32
- Kea, of New Zealand, 446
- Keimplasma. See Germ-plasm
- Kentish plover, 83, 217
- Kepler, Dr. Huggins's dog, 396
- Kerguelen Island, wingless insects of, 81
- Kinesis, 467
- Kingfishers, 446
- Kirby and Spence, localization of smell in insects, 258;
- Kittens, instinctive antipathy to dog, 396
- Klein, Mr. S., on Bombyx quercus, 258
- Kühne, Messrs. Boll and, on retinal purple, 276
L
- Labyrinthodont amphibia, pineal eye in, 288
- Lamont, on reindeer, 392
- Lane, Dr. Arbuthnot, on influence of certain trades on structure, 169
- Langley, Prof., On ætherial vibrations, 299
- Language, 322;
- Lankester, Prof. E. Ray, his description of perigenesis, 159;
- on blind cave-fish, 194
- Lapsing of intelligence, 435
- Larden, W., on the Rhea, 89;
- on instinct in a snakelet, 424
- Larmarckian school, 209
- Larvæ, dimorphism in, 187
- Latency, phenomena of, 227
- Lateral line of fishes, 252
- Leaf-butterfly, 86
- Lee, Mr. Arthur, on communication in cat, 345
- Leptalis, 87
- Leroy, on abstract notion of danger in fox, 348
- Leucocytes, role of, 439
- Lewes, G. H., 437, 462
- Leydig, on antennule of crayfish, 259
- Life, duration of, due to natural selection, 186
- Life-area, expansion and contraction of, 114
- Limits of vision, 281; of sensation, 299
- Limnæus truncatulus, 48
- Lincecum, Dr., on habits of Texan ants, 425
- Linnet, song of, 454
- Lion, observation on, 400
- Liver-fluke, life-history of, 47
- Local signs, 308
- Localization, 307;
- Locke, on difference between man and brute, 349
- Logos makes man human, 375
- Lonbiére, on instincts of Siamese ants, 449
- Lotze, quoted, 379
- Lubbock, Sir J., "Senses of Animals," 246;
- sense of smell in ants, 258;
- auditory organ of ant, 267;
- on Hicks's organ, 267;
- on colour-sense in dog, 283;
- in insects, 291;
- in Daphnia, 292;
- on limits of colour-vision, 296;
- on antennary structures in hymenoptera, 297;
- on power of communication
- in dog, 345;
- in ants, 358;
- on colour preferences in bees, 407;
- on instinct of play and sympathy in ants, 414;
- on homing faculty in bees, 428;
- on sitaris, 439
- Lucanus cervus, 180
- Ludicrous, sense of, in dog, 406
- Lumsden, Sir Harry, on partridges, 398
- Lyell, the necessary precursor of Darwin, 121
M
- Mach, Prof., on Macula acustica, 271
- Machetes pugnax, 110, 178
- Mackennal, Mr. Alexander, observation on a cat, 405
- Maclagan, Miss Nellie, on sympathetic action in dog, 398
- Madeira, wingless insects of, 81
- Male, See Sex-differentiation
- Male and female insects, differences between, 179;
- Malle, Dureau de la, on starling, 455
- Mammals, respiration in, 21;
- Man, elimination by physical circumstances, 81;
- Mann, Mrs., on sympathetic action of dog, 397;
- anecdotes of dogs, 406
- Mantis, protective and aggressive resemblance in, 90
- Marsupials of Australia, 117
- Martineau, Dr., on wants, 382
- Materialism, 464, 471
- Mathematical faculty and natural selection, 484
- Maupas, M., observations on infusoria, 39
- Mayer, on mosquito, 267
- McCook, Dr., sense of smell in ants, 258;
- habits of Texan ants, 425
- McCosh, Dr., quoted, 391
- Means and ends, 371
- Medusa, 46;
- Melanerpeton, 288
- Meldola, Prof. R., 239
- Memory, the revival of past impressions, 304;
- organic, Butler and Hering on, 62
- Mental evolution, 464
- Mercier, Dr. Charles, on the criteria of intelligence, 456
- Merrifield, Mr., experiments on moths, 238
- Metabolism, 32
- Metakinesis, 467
- Metamorphosis and transformation, 7
- Metaphyta, 15
- Metazoa, 15
- Methona, 87
- Miall, Prof., Fig. of touch-hair of an insect, 248
- Mice, white and grey, crossed, 225
- Microbes, elimination among, 80
- Micrococcus prodigiosus, 81
- Microstomum lineare, reproduction in, 42
- Mimicry, 87;
- Mind, out of what evolved? 464
- Mineral crystals, analogy of, 240
- Mitchell, James, his delicate sense of smell, 255
- Mivart, Prof. St. George, on Saturnia, 163;
- Modifiability of individual organism, 163
- Modifications of antennæ and mouth-organs of insects, 178
- Mole, eye of, 284
- Mollusks, variety of, 178;
- Monads, reproduction of, 38;
- temperature experiments with, 147
- Mongrelization, 168
- Monistic hypothesis, 465
- Monkey, ateles and colobus digits of, 210;
- Monospora bicuspidata, 439
- Moore, Mr. Thomas, on hybrids between Amherst and golden pheasants, 106
- Mosaic vision, 291
- Mouth-organs of insects, 179
- Muciparous canals of fishes, 298
- Müller, Prof. Max, "Science of Thought," 325;
- Murex, 292
- Mus rex and imperator, 100
- Musical and artistic faculty, 484
- Mussel, freshwater, gills of, 4;
- olfactory organ of, 260
- Mutilation, law of growth after, 126;
- not the best kind of evidence of transmitted modifications, 162
N
- Nägeli, 159
- Naish, Mr. John G., on the cockatoo, 354
- Natural selection, variation and, 61;
- Nerves, briefly described, 246;
- afferent and efferent, 303
- Nestor notabilis, 446
- Nests of bower-bird and humming-bird, 408;
- instinctive building of, 453
- Nettleship, Mr., on a lion, 400
- Neural processes, environment of, 491
- Neurosis and psychosis, 465
- Neuter insects, 440
- New Zealand sparrow, 445;
- Nichols, on taste, 251
- Noctule, 66
- Noiré, on concepts, 325
- Nomada solidaginis, 90
- Norris, Mr. W. E., quoted, 420
- Noumena, or "things in themselves," 470
- Nucleus of animal cell, 10;
- as controlling formative process in, 124
- Nutrition in illustration of the process of life, 25
O
- Object, nature of, 313, 437
- Ocelli in insects, 288
- Oecodoma cephalotes, 213
- Onchidium, 293
- Optogram, 276
- Organic combination, hypothesis of, 150, 240
- Organic evolution, 177;
- as basis of comparative psychology, 336
- Organic growth, 5
- Organism, unity of, as regards body and germ, 161;
- relation of, to environment, 183
- Organization, co-ordinating power of, 125;
- of bodily and mental activities, 419
- Origin, distinguished from guidance, 242
- Origin of species, 242
- Origin of organic variations, 231;
- of metakinetic or mental variations, 496
- Ornithoptera, 179
- Otoliths, 265, 271
- Owen, Sir Richard, suggested germinal continuity, 135
- Oyster-embryo set free early, 56;
- variation of Mediterranean, 164