ILLUSTRATIONS
| Page | ||
|---|---|---|
| PLATES | ||
| 1. | a, "Old Minto" on the Tanana. Indian village. (A. H., 1926.) b, Present Nulato and its cemetery (on hill to the right of the village) from some distance up the river. (A. H., 1926.) c, The Greyling River site, right bank, 22 miles above Anvik; site and graveyard (male skeleton) from top of knoll. (A. H., 1926.) | 54 |
| 2. | a, View on the Yukon from above Kaltag. (A. H., 1926.) b, Indian burial ground, middle Yukon. (A. H., 1926.) c, Anvik, from the mission. (A. H., 1926.) | 54 |
| 3. | a, Midnight on the Yukon. b, Lower middle Yukon: painted burial box of a Yukon Indian (before 1884) said to have been a hunter of bielugas (white whales), which used to ascend far up the Yukon | 64 |
| 4. | a, Eskimo camp below Paimute, Yukon River. b, Old "protolithic" site 12 miles down from Paimute, right bank, just beyond "12-mile hill" (skull, bones, stones). c, "Old" site in bank seen in middle of picture, 12 miles down from Paimute, opposite that shown in preceding figure. (A. H., 1926.) | 64 |
| 5. | a, Cape Prince of Wales from the southeast. (A. H., 1926.) b, Village and cemetery slope. Little Diomede. (A. H., 1926.) | 96 |
| 6. | a, Asiatics departing for Siberia from the Little Diomede Island. (Photo by D. Jenness, 1926.) b, c, "Chukchis" loading their boat with goods on Little Diomede Island, before departure for Siberia. (Photos by D. Jenness, 1926.) | 96 |
| 7. | a, Eskimos from East Cape arriving at Nome, Alaska. b, East Cape of Asia (to the southward). (Photo from Joe Bernard.) | 96 |
| 8. | A group of women at Shishmaref. (Taken at 2 a. m. by A. H., 1926.) | 96 |
| 9. | a, My "spoils," loaded on sled, Point Hope. (A. H., 1926.) b, The load is heavy and sledding over sand and gravel difficult. (A. H., 1926.) | 136 |
| 10. | Characteristic stone axes, middle Yukon. (A. H. coll., 1926.) | 136 |
| 11. | Crude stone artifacts, found at Bonasila, lower middle Yukon. (A. H. coll., 1926.) | 136 |
| 12. | Crude stone artifacts, found at Bonasila, lower middle Yukon. (A. H. coll., 1926.) | 136 |
| 13. | Tanana Indian woman | 150 |
| 14. | Chief Sam Joseph, near Tanana village, on the Yukon. (A. H., 1926.) | 150 |
| 15. | a, Yukon Indians, at Kokrines, Jacob and Andrew. Jacob probably has a trace of white blood. (A. H., 1926.) b, Yukon Indians at Kokrines. (A. H., 1926.) | 150 |
| 16. | Yukon Indians. a, Marguerite Johnny Yatlen, Koyukuk village. (A. H., 1926.) b, Lucy John, Koyukuk, daughter of a former chief. (A. H., 1926.) | 150 |
| 17. | Yukon Indians. a, George Halfway, Nulato on the Yukon. (A. H., 1926.) b, Jack Curry of Nulato, 41 years. (Now at Ruby, middle Yukon; Eskimoid physiognomy.) c, Arthur Malamvot, of Nulato | 150 |
| 18. | a, Indian children, mission school at Anvik, lower middle Yukon. b, Indian children, mission school at Anvik, lower middle Yukon. c, Two women of Anvik, on the Yukon, somewhat Eskimoid | 150 |
| 19. | Terminal piece of a lance or harpoon, northern Bering Sea. Black, high natural polish. Most beautiful piece of the fossil ivory art. (A. H., 1926, U.S.N.M.) | 174 |
| 20. | Fossil ivory specimens showing the old curvilinear designs. Northern Bering Sea. (A. H. coll., 1926, U.S.N.M.) | 174 |
| 21. | Objects showing the old fossil ivory art, northern Bering Sea. (U.S.N.M., Nos. 1 and 3 coll., A. H., 1926.) | 174 |
| 22. | Fossil ivory needle cases and spear heads, northern Bering Sea, showing fine workmanship. (A. H. coll., 1926, U.S.N.M.) | 174 |
| 23. | a, Small, finely made objects in fossil ivory and stone (the head), from the ruins at Point Hope. (A. H. coll., 1926.) b, Old fossil ivory objects, northern Bering Sea. The article to the right is almost classic in form; it is decorated on both sides. (A. H. coll., 1926, U.S.N.M.) | 174 |
| 24. | Fossil ivory combs, upper Bering Sea. (A. H. coll., 1926) | 174 |
| 25. | Fossil ivory objects from the upper Bering Sea region. Transitional art. (Museum of the Agricultural College, Fairbanks, Alaska.) | 174 |
| 26. | Old black finely carved fossil ivory figure, from the northeastern Asiatic coast. (Loan to U.S.N.M. by Mr. Carl Lomen.) | 174 |
| 27. | Wooden figurines from a medicine lodge, Choco Indians, Panama. (U.S.N.M. colls.) | 174 |
| 28. | Left: Two beautiful knives lately made of fossil mammoth ivory by a Seward Peninsula Eskimo. (Gift to the U.S.N.M. by A. H., 1926.) Right: Two old ceremonial Mexican obsidian knives. Manche de poignard en ivoire, avec sculpture représentant un renne. Montastruc (Peccadeau de l'Isle; in De Quatrefages (A.)—Hommes fossiles, Paris, 1884, p. 50.) | 174 |
| 29. | Billings and Gall's map of Bering Strait and neighboring lands, 1811 | 178 |
| 30. | Eskimo villages and sites, Norton Sound and Bay and Seward Peninsula, and the Kotzebue Sound, from Zagoskin's general map, 1847 | 178 |
| 31. | Graves at Nash Harbor, Nunivak Island. (Photos by Collins and Stewart, 1927.) | 214 |
| 32. | The school children at Wales | 214 |
| 33. | a, Children, Nunivak Island. (Photo by Collins and Stewart, 1927.) b, Adults, Nunivak Island. (Photo by Collins and Stewart, 1927.) | 214 |
| 34. | King Island Eskimo; a family group | 214 |
| 35. | King Island native | 214 |
| 36. | A fine full-blood Eskimo pair, northern Bering Sea region. a, Young Eskimo woman, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) b, Eskimo, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by F. H. Nowell.) | 214 |
| 37. | Typical full-blood Eskimo, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 214 |
| 38. | Elderly man, St. Lawrence Island. (Photos by R. D. Moore, 1912. U.S.N.M.) | 214 |
| 39. | The Wales people. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 242 |
| 40. | The long broad-faced types, Wales. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 242 |
| 41. | a, The broad-faced and low-vaulted Eskimo, St. Lawrence Island. (Photo by R. D. Moore, 1912. U.S.N.M.). b, Broad-faced type, St. Lawrence Island. (Photo by R. D. Moore, 1912. U. S. N. M.) | 242 |
| 42. | The long-faced type. a, A young man from Seward Peninsula. b, A boy from St. Lawrence Island | 242 |
| 43. | A "Hypereskimo," King Island. Excessively developed face | 242 |
| 44. | Eskimo "Madonna" and child, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 242 |
| 45. | Young woman, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 46. | Young women, full-blood Eskimo, Seward Peninsula. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 47. | A Point Hope group | 250 |
| 48. | a, Eskimo woman, Kevalina. (Photo on the "Bear" by A. H., 1926. U.S.N.M.). b, The body build of an adult Eskimo woman, upper Bering Sea | 250 |
| 49. | Elderly woman, St. Lawrence Island. (Photos by R. D. Moore, 1912. U.S.N.M.) | 250 |
| 50. | a, Yukon Eskimo, below Paimute. (A. H., 1926.) b, Norton Sound Eskimo woman and child. (A. H., 1926.) | 250 |
| 51. | Eskimo, Indianlike, northern Bering Sea region. (Photos by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 52. | Eskimo, Indianlike, northern Bering Sea region. (Photos by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 53. | Eskimo, Indianlike, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 54. | Eskimo, Indianlike, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 55. | Eskimo, Indianlike, northern Bering Sea region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 56. | Eskimo, Indianlike, Arctic region. (Photo by Lomen Bros.) | 250 |
| 57. | Siberian Eskimo and child, Indian type | 250 |
| 58. | a, Mrs. Sage, Kevalina. Fine Indian type. Born on Notak. Both parents Notak "Eskimo." (Photo by A. H., 1926.) b, Eskimo family, Indianlike, near Barrow. (Photo by A. H., 1926.) | 250 |
| 59. | Skulls from old burials, Point Hope; right skull shows low vault. (U.S.N.M.) | 262 |
| 60. | Skulls from old burials, Point Hope; right skull shows low vault. (U.S.N.M.) | 262 |
| 61. | Western Eskimo and Aleut (middle) lower jaws, showing lingual hyperostoses. (U.S.N.M.) | 308 |
| TEXT FIGURES | ||
| 1. | The Tanana River between Nenana and Tanana, with Indian villages | 125 |
| 2. | The Yukon from Tanana to below Kokrines | 137 |
| 3. | The Yukon from below Kokrines to below Koyukuk | 137 |
| 4. | The Yukon from below Koyukuk to Lofkas | 138 |
| 5. | Old map of the Nulato district | 139 |
| 6. | Map of Kaltag and vicinity. (By McLeod) | 139 |
| 7. | The Yukon from Bystraia to below Holy Cross | 140 |
| 8. | The Yukon from above Holy Cross to below Mountain Village | 141 |
| 9. | The Yukon from below Mountain Village to near Marshall | 141 |
| 10. | The Yukon from near Marshall to below Kavlingnak | 142 |
| 11. | From above Kobolunuk to mouth of river | 143 |
| 12. | Conventionalized design from fossil ivory specimen shown in Plate 19 | 174 |
| 13. | World map | 177 |
| 14. | Dall's map of the distribution of the tribes of Alaska and adjoining territory, 1875 | 178 |
| 15. | Nelson's map, Eighteenth Ann. Rept. Bur. Amer. Ethn., 1898 | 179 |
| 16. | Linguistic map, United States census, 1920 | 180 |
| 17. | Villages and sites on Kodiak Island | 185 |
| 18. | Villages and sites on the proximal half of Alaska Peninsula | 187 |
| 19. | Villages and sites on the distal half of Alaska Peninsula | 188 |
| 20. | Eskimo villages and sites on Nushagak Bay to Kuskokwim Bay | 191 |
| 21. | Eskimo villages and sites, Kuskokwim Bay to Scammon Bay | 193 |
| 22. | Eskimo villages and sites, Scammon Bay to Norton Sound and Bay to Cape Rodney | 198 |
| 23. | Eskimo villages and sites, Wales. (By Clark M. Garber, 1927) | 201 |
| 24. | Eskimo villages and sites, Seward Peninsula, Kotzebue Sound, and Arctic coast, to Kevalina | 203 |
| 25. | Eskimo villages and sites, Kevalina to Point Barrow | 207 |
| 26. | Russian map of St. Lawrence Island, 1849. (Tebenkof) | 209 |
| 27. | Eskimo villages and sites, St. Lawrence Island, the Diomedes, and the eastern Asiatic coast | 211 |
| 28. | The Bering Strait Islands | 212 |
| 29. | Probable movements of people from northeastern Asia to Alaska and in Alaska. (A. Hrdlička) | 360 |
ANTHROPOLOGICAL SURVEY IN ALASKA
By Aleš Hrdlička