- A
- Abacus, 314
- Abstract ideas, 52, 119, 135
- words, 135
- Acclimatisation, 74
- Administration, 434
- Æsop, 399
- Affixes, 142
- Africans, 2, 57, 65, 87
- languages, 164
- Aged, 409
- Agglutinating languages, 161
- Agriculture, 214
- Ainos, 73
- Albinos, 68
- Alchemy, 328
- Alcoholic liquors, 268
- Algebra, 322
- Alliteration, 289
- Alphabet, 175
- Altar, 367
- Amentum, 194
- Americans, 63, 102, 168
- languages, 165
- Analogy, 338
- Analytic languages, 139
- Anatomy, 330
- Ancestor-worship, 352, 358, 369
- Animals, cries of, 122
- domesticated, 219
- quaternary, 30
- succession of, 37
- Animism, 371
- Antiquity of Man, 1, 25, 33, 40, 113, 166
- Apes and Man, 38, 48, 260
- Arabs, 109
- language, 11, 159
- Arch, 235
- Architecture, 21, 232
- Aristocracy, 225, 435
- Arithmetic, 17, 314
- Armour, 222
- Army, 226, 434
- Arrow, 26, 195, 212
- poisoned, 221
- Artillery, 227
- Aryans, 10, 109, 156, 381
- languages, 10, 156
- Assyrians, 22, 160, 313, 384
- language, 160
- Astrology, 339
- Astronomy, 21, 332
- Australians, 57, 91
- Auxiliary words, 137
- Avesta, 381
- B
- Babylonians, 22, 163, 172
- language, 163
- Baking, 266
- Ball, 307
- Bantu languages, 149, 164
- Barbaric stage, 24, 401
- Bark-clothing, 244
- Barometer, 325
- Barter, 281
- Basuto, 165
- Beast-fables, 399
- Beer, 268
- Berbers, 95
- language, 160
- Biblical history, 385
- Bill-hook, 190
- Bills of exchange, 284
- Black races, 2, 5, 80, 87
- Blood-brotherhood, 423
- Blood-vengeance, 414
- Blow-tube, 196
- Blue Beard, 398
- Boat, 252
- Body-measures, 17, 316
- Boiling, 266
- Boomerang, 193
- Borer, 192
- Botany, 329
- Bow, 16, 195, 212
- Brachykephalic, 61
- Brain, 45, 60
- Brand-tillage, 218
- Bread, 266
- Brick, 234
- Broiling, 265
- Bronze, 21, 278
- Bronze Age, 25, 279
- Brown races, 2, 5, 91
- Buddha, 399
- Burial, 347
- Burning-lens and mirror, 263
- Bushmen, 57, 89, 165
- C
- Cafusos, 82
- Candle, 272
- Cannibalism, 224, 410
- Canoe, 252
- Cardinal points, 21, 334
- Caribs, 78
- Caste, 69
- Cattle, 219
- Cause, spirit, 356
- Cave-men, 30, 261
- Caves, 229
- Celt, 26, 187
- Cereals, 215
- Ceremonies, 365, 403, 423
- Chaldeans, 22, 384
- Chemistry, 328
- Chess, 308
- Chiefs, 428
- Children’s language, 128
- Chimney, 264
- Chinese, 2, 57, 63, 162, 170
- language, 162
- Civilisation, 13, 18, 24, 75, 180, 400
- Civilised stage, 24, 401
- Clicks, 165
- Clothing, 15, 236
- Club, 184
- Coffee, 270
- Coin, 283
- Colour, 66, 81, 85
- Comedy, 299
- Commerce, 285
- Common land, 419
- Compass, 28, 341
- Concord, 147
- Consciousness, 53
- Constitution of races, 73
- Constitutionalism, 438
- Cookery, 264
- Copper, 277
- Corn, 215
- Counting, 18, 310
- Creator, 358
- Cromlech, 348
- Cross-bow, 16, 196
- Crossed races, 6, 80
- Cultivation, 215
- Cuneiform writing, 172, 31
- Custom, 409
- D
- Dagger, 190
- Dancing, 224, 296
- Dark-whites, 2, 56, 68, 107
- Dead, worship of, 352
- Deaf-and-dumb signs, 115
- Death, 343
- Decimal counting, 311
- Decline of culture, 19
- Deformation of skull, &c., 240
- Degeneration, 19, 86
- Demoniacal possession, 353
- Demons, 352
- Demon-worship, 353
- Descent, female and male, 402
- Despotism, 431
- Digging-stick, 216
- Diseases, 73, 353
- Distilling, 269, 328
- Dog, 209
- Dolichokephalic, 2, 61
- Dolmen, 348
- Domesticated animals, 219
- Drama, 298
- Dravidians, 94
- languages, 164
- Drawing, 31, 300
- Dreams, 343
- Drift, animals of, 30
- implements of, 28, 187
- Drift-period, 28
- Drill, 202
- Drum, 293
- Dryads, 357
- Dualism, 363
- Dutch, 9
- Dwellings, 229
- E
- Ear- and nose-ornaments, 242
- Earth-god, 359
- Echo, 357
- Education, capacity for, 74
- Egyptians, 3, 21, 69, 79, 95, 173, 383
- language, 160
- Electricity, 327
- Elephants, fossil, 30, 388
- Emotional sound, 120, 124
- Empire, 433
- English, 133
- Eponymic myths, 389
- Esquimaux, 105, 265
- Ethiopians, 69
- Etymology, 126, 134
- Europeans, 60, 109
- Evolution, 36, 331
- Exogamy, 402
- Exorcism, 354
- Eyes, 2, 63, 70
- F
- Facial angle, 62
- Fair-whites, 2, 56, 68, 107
- Families of language, 9, 155
- Family, 402, 426
- Fates, 395
- Father, power of, 427
- Features, 44, 63
- Federation, 433
- Female succession, 429
- Feudalism, 420
- Fiction, 379
- Fields, 218, 420
- Figures, 312
- Fijians, 90
- Finger- and toe-counting, 18, 310
- Finger-nails, 240
- Finns, 98
- Fire, 260
- Fire-arms, 17, 197, 227
- Fire-drill, 16, 261
- Fire-god, 361
- First man, 358
- Fish-hook, 213
- Fishing, 212
- Flakes, stone, 26, 185
- Flint-and-steel, 261
- Food, 206, 264
- Forests, succession of, 27
- Fortification, 228
- Fossil bones, 388
- Fowling, 208
- Freemen, 225, 434
- Fruits, 216
- Future life, 344, 349
- G
- Game law, 419
- Games, 305
- Garments, 249
- Gas, 273
- Gender, 149
- Genius, 356
- Geography, 335
- Geology, 29, 32, 336
- Geometry, 17, 318
- Germans, 110
- language, 9
- Gesture-language, 114, 124, 310
- Ghosts, 344, 349
- Giants, 388
- Glacial period, 30
- Glass, 276
- Gods, 358
- Gogmagog, 390
- Government, 15, 428, 437
- Grain, 215
- Grammar, 119, 146, 156
- Grammatical words, 137
- Gravitation, 325
- Greeks, 158
- Grimm’s law, 155
- Guardian spirits, 356
- Gypsies, 112
- H
- Hair, 2, 44, 71, 82
- Hair-dressing, 238
- Hammer, 185
- Hand and foot, 42
- counting on, 18, 310
- Harmony, 293
- Harp, 204
- Harpoon, 214
- Hatchet, 188
- Hawking, 209
- Heat, 327
- Heaven-god, 359
- Hebrew, 11, 159
- Herodotus, 385
- Hieroglyphics, 173
- Hindus, 111, 157
- Historic period, 5, 22, 375
- Hoe, 216
- Horatii and Curiatii, 397
- Hospitality, 409
- Hottentots, 89, 165
- language, 165
- House, 231
- Houses of Lords and Commons, 437
- Hungarians, 98
- language, 162
- Hunting, 207, 220
- Hut, 230
- I
- Ideas, 52, 119, 135
- Idols, 366
- Imitative signs, 116
- sounds, 124
- words, 121
- Implements, 183
- Index, Kephalic, 61
- India, hill-tribes, 2, 94
- laterite, 31
- races, 111, 164
- Individuals, 421, 428
- Infanticide, 427
- Inflecting languages, 161
- Inheritance, 421
- Inspiration, 366
- Instinct, 51
- Interjections, 121, 124
- Intonation, 162, 291
- Iron, 21, 277
- Iron Age, 25, 279
- Italians, 158
- J
- Javelin, 193
- Jews, 4, 109, 159, 385
- Justice, 436
- K
- Keltic peoples, 28, 71, 110, 153
- languages, 158
- Kephalic index, 61
- Killing, 412
- old and infirm, 410
- King, 430, 436
- Knife, 189
- L
- Labret, 242
- Lamp, 272
- Lancet, 192
- Land, common, 219, 419
- Land-law, 218, 419
- Language, 7, 53, 129, 152, 337
- analytic and synthetic, 139
- and race, 166
- children’s, 128
- connexion of, 154
- development of, 130
- families of, 9, 155
- natural, 122
- origin of, 130, 165
- Lapps, 98
- Lathe, 203
- Latin, 7, 156
- Law, 405, 412, 423
- Lazo, 212
- Leather, 245
- Lens, 263
- Libyans, 69
- Life, future, 344, 349
- Light, 326
- Lion, cave, 30
- Liquors, 268
- Logic, 336
- Long-bow, 16, 195
- Loom, 248
- Lucifer-matches, 263
- M
- Machines, 198
- Magic, 338
- Maize, 215
- Malayo-Polynesians, 102
- language, 163
- Malays, 99
- Mammoth, 30
- Man, 38, 45
- antiquity of, 1, 25, 33, 40, 113, 166
- first, 358
- primitive, 33, 40, 113
- unity of, 6, 85
- races of, 1, 56, 75, 85, 113
- Manes, 352, 358
- Manslaughter, 412
- Maoris, 102, 374
- Mariner’s compass, 328, 341
- Marriage, 402
- Masonry, 21, 233
- Mathematics, 17, 321
- Mats, 246
- Maui, 393
- Measures, 17, 316
- Mechanics, 323
- Medicine, 15, 330
- Melanesians, 89
- Melanochroi, 107
- Melody, 293
- Memory, 49
- Menhir, 348
- Mensuration, 317
- Mesokephalic, 61
- Metal Age, 25, 189
- Metals, 20, 189, 277
- Metaphor, 126, 290
- Metre, 288
- Mexicans, 105, 169
- Micronesians, 102
- Mill, 200, 204
- Mind, 47
- Mirror, 263, 326
- Missiles, 193
- Mixed races, 80, 85
- Monarchy, 431
- Money, 282
- Mongolians, 5, 63, 96
- languages, 162
- Monosyllabic languages, 162
- Monotheism, 364
- Moon-god, 361
- Moors, 111
- Morals, 368, 405
- Mourning, 237
- Mulattos, 80
- Music, 291
- Mutilations, 240
- Myth, 387
- N
- Nation, 433
- Natural language, 122
- Nature-myths, 391
- Nature-spirits, 356, 391
- Need-fire, 262
- Needle, 249
- Negritos, 89
- Negro-European dialects, 153
- Negros, 2, 57, 65, 87
- Neolithic implements, 26, 187
- Nets, 212
- Nightmare, 357
- Nobles, 435
- Nomades, 219
- Norns, 395
- Nose, 63
- Nubians, 94
- Numerals, 18, 310
- Nymphs, 357
- O
- Oar, 256
- Oath, 362, 425
- Oblique eyes, 2, 63
- Oracle-priests, 366
- Ordeal, 425
- Origin of language, 130, 165
- of man, 85
- Ornaments, 241
- Orthognathous, 62
- Outrigger, 255
- P
- Paddle, 256
- Painting, 301
- body, 237
- Palæolithic implements, 26, 186
- Pantheism, 364
- Pantomime, 114, 298
- Paper-money, 284
- Papuas, 72, 90
- Parts of speech, 138
- Pasturage, 219
- Patagonians, 57
- Paternal power, 427
- Patriarchal system, 429
- Pendulum, 324
- Persians, 63, 157, 381
- Personal property, 420
- Personification, 395
- Peruvians, 59, 105
- Phœnicians, 175
- language, 59
- Physics, 323
- Picture-writing, 168
- Pipe, 294
- Plaiting, 246
- Plants, 214
- Plough, 217
- Poetry, 287, 375
- Poison, arrow-, 221
- fish, 213
- Polynesians, 102, 374
- language, 163
- Polytheism, 362
- Popular assembly, 437
- Porcelain, 276
- Possession, demoniacal, 15, 353
- Potato, 215
- Pottery, 274
- wheel, 275
- Præhistoric period, 5, 374
- Prayer, 360, 364
- Primogeniture, 422
- Printing, 180
- Private war, 419
- Prognathous, 62
- Prometheus, 396
- Pronouns, 138
- Property, 419
- Proportions of body, 58
- Prose, 287
- Public opinion, 408
- Pulley, 198
- Punishment, 414
- Pyramids, 21, 233, 334
- Pyrites, 263
- Q
- Quadroons, 80
- Quaternary period, 29
- Quinary numeration, 311
- R
- Races and languages, 153, 165
- characters of, 1, 56, 75, 80, 113
- degeneration of, 86
- mixture or crossing of, 80, 85
- permanence of, 80
- variation of, 80, 85
- Raft, 255
- Rain-god, 359
- Rank, 434
- Real words, 137
- Reason, 50, 336
- Red Ridinghood, 394
- Reduplication, 128
- Religion, 342, 368, 407, 432
- Rent, 420
- Representation, political, 437
- Retaliation, 417
- Retribution, future, 368
- Rhyme, 289
- Right of life, 427
- River-god, 361
- Romance languages, 7
- Romulus and Remus, 380
- Roots, 144
- Rude stone monuments, 348
- Rudimentary organs, 36
- S
- Sacrifice, 346, 360, 365
- Sail, 256
- Samoyeds, 60
- Sanskrit, 10, 156
- Savage stage, 24, 32, 401
- Saw, 192
- Scandinavians, 111, 158
- Screw, 192, 203
- Sculpture, 300
- Sea-god, 360
- Semitic nations, 4, 69, 80
- languages, 11, 159
- Senate, 436
- Sentences, 139
- Sewing, 249
- Shield, 222
- Ship, 257
- Siamese, 97, 162
- Sign-language, 114
- Skin, 2, 66, 81
- Skull, 2, 60
- deformation, 240
- Sky-god, 359
- Slavery, 225, 421, 434
- Sling, 194
- Smell of races, 2, 70
- Society, 401
- Song, 224, 287, 375
- Soul, 343, 350, 369
- Sound, 326
- South-East Asian languages, 162
- Spade, 216
- Spear, 186, 194, 213
- Spear-throwers, 194
- Species, descent of, 36, 331
- Spelling, 178
- Spinning, 246
- Spirit, 344, 349, 356, 391
- Stature, 56, 76
- Steam-power, 204, 259, 271
- Steel, 278
- Stone Age, 25, 28, 187, 279
- implements, 26, 187
- monuments, 348
- Stove, 264
- String, 246
- Succession, 429, 432
- Sun-god, 360, 368
- Sun-myth, 394, 397
- Supreme deity, 364
- Survivals, 15
- Sword, 190
- Symbolic sound, 126, 143
- Syntax, 119, 139, 146
- Synthetic languages, 141
- Syrians, 69, 80
- T
- Tactics, 226
- Tanning, 245
- Tasmanians, 91
- Tatars, 98
- language, 161
- Tatooing, 237
- Tea, 270
- Temperament of races, 74
- Temple, 348, 367
- Tent, 231
- Teutons, 158
- Theatre, 298
- Theft, 413
- Thunderbolt, 26, 359
- Thunder-god, 359
- Tools, 183, 192
- Torch, 272
- Totem, 403
- Trade, 285
- Tradition, 373
- Tragedy, 299
- Trance, 343
- Transmigration of soul, 350, 369
- Trapping, 211
- Tree-spirits, 357
- Tribe-land, 419
- Trumpet, 293
- Turanian languages, 161
- Typical men, 76
- V
- Vampire, 356
- Variation of races, 84
- Veda, 156, 381
- Veddas, 164
- Vengeance, 414
- Verse, 287
- Vertebrates, 35, 47
- Vessels, 274
- Vigesimal counting, 311
- Village community, 219, 420
- Vishnu, 367, 397
- Visions, 343
- W
- Wages, 435
- War, 221, 418, 432
- War-chief, 430
- Water-wheel, 204
- Weapons, 184, 221
- Weaving, 247
- Werewolf, 356
- Wergild, 416
- Wheel-carriage, 198
- White race, 2, 5, 57, 69, 109, 113
- Widow, 346, 404
- Wife-capture, 225, 305, 403
- Wife-purchase, 404
- Wilhelm Tell, 397
- Wind-god, 361
- Wind-mill, 204
- Wine, 268
- Words, borrowed, 155
- combination, 140
- formation, 126, 140
- Worship, 364
- Writing, 169
- X
- Xanthochroic, 107
- Y
- Yellow race, 2, 5, 69, 96
- Z
- Zoology, 329
About This Book
An introductory survey of human nature and civilization that examines human antiquity, anatomical and behavioral comparisons with other animals, and the variation and classification of human populations. It traces origins and development of language and writing, and explains material culture from stone tools through metalwork, agricultural practices, and technologies of transport and manufacture. Chapters discuss social institutions, belief, and warfare, illustrating how cultural forms evolve from simpler to more complex devices and systems.