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Australia, New Zealand and some islands of the South seas

Chapter 40: INDEX
By Frank G. Carpenter
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About This Book

The author recounts extensive travels across Australia, New Zealand, and nearby South Pacific islands, combining on-the-spot reportage and photographs to sketch landscapes, cities, and rural life. He describes economic activities such as wool and wheat production, gold mining, pearl fisheries, and irrigation; social institutions including schools, labor conditions, state railways, and government policies; and encounters with Indigenous peoples, settlers, and island communities. Chapters alternate practical observations, cultural notes, and vivid scene-setting to present an accessible survey of geography, industry, and everyday customs for readers unfamiliar with the region.

INDEX

  • Aborigines, of a low order, 6;
  • customs of the native blacks, 120;
  • exterminated in Tasmania, 146.
  • Agriculture, of great importance, in Australia, 4;
  • in Tasmania, 148;
  • in New Zealand, 176.
  • Agricultural colleges and experimental farms, 117.
  • Albury, building of irrigation dam near, 66.
  • Alum, in the volcanic regions, 225.
  • American goods, great sale of in Australia, 137;
  • in New Zealand, 255 et seq.
  • American refrigerating machinery in New Zealand, 241.
  • American rule in the Samoas, 278.
  • American trade with the Fijis, 272.
  • Americans, many settlers in Australia, 82.
  • Animals, of a strange type, 5.
  • Ants, used as food by the aborigines, 123.
  • Ants, White, protection against, 29.
  • Anzacs, National holiday in memory of the, 167.
  • Apia, Samoa, made famous by the American-German controversy, 274.
  • Apples, great production of, in Tasmania, 147.
  • Arbitration in labour disputes in New Zealand, 204.
  • Arbitration Court, arbitrary rulings of, 107;
  • New Zealand Court, 204 et seq.
  • Arcades, a feature in the business section of Sydney, 31.
  • Art schools, state coöperation in establishing, 115.
  • Artesian wells, the blessing of, 68;
  • in the Coolgardie district, 100.
  • Asiatic exclusion, the policy of, 109.
  • Auckland, largest city of New Zealand, 202.
  • Australian Transcontinental, building of the, 91.
  • Automobile, use of, in the back country, 48.
  • Automobiles, American, Australia largest foreign purchaser of, 140;
  • use of, in New Zealand, 258.
  • Ballarat, and the gold rush, 84;
  • the first Australian gold field, 95.
  • Bananas, in Queensland, 14.
  • Bank deposits, of New Zealanders, 198.
  • Barmaids, in Melbourne, 79;
  • legislation against, in New Zealand, 187.
  • Bathing beaches, popularity of, 34.
  • Baths, medicinal at Rotorua, 222.
  • Bendigo gold field, great yield from, 96.
  • Birds, seven hundred varieties of, 133;
  • strange, of New Zealand, 248.
  • Bismarck Archipelago, now administered by Australia, 159;
  • strange tribal customs on, 160.
  • Bismuth, deposits of, in Queensland, 21.
  • Blue gum, durability of, 90.
  • Bonds, large Queensland issue floated in the United States, 140.
  • Bougainville, principal island of the Solomon group, 163.
  • Brisbane, the capital of Queensland, 12.
  • British New Guinea, government of, 8.
  • British trade, in New Zealand, 260.
  • Broken Hill Silver Mines, among the richest in the world, 4.
  • Broken Hill mining companies, production of iron and steel goods, 142.
  • Bullock drivers, characters of the sheep country, 54.
  • Burrinjuck Reservoir, of the Murrumbidgee irrigation project, 67.
  • Bushmen, customs of the, 120.
  • Butter, exportation of, from New Zealand, 244.
  • Cacao, its cultivation in Samoa, 277.
  • Camels, necessary in construction of Transcontinental railway, 92;
  • invaluable in Western Australia, 100.
  • Canberra, the new capital of the Commonwealth, 8, 73.
  • Cannibalism, among the aborigines, 124;
  • in New Guinea, 160;
  • among the Maoris, 230;
  • in the Fijis, 263, 264.
  • Canadian trade in New Zealand, 261.
  • Canterbury Plains, source of the famed mutton, 236, 237.
  • Carroll, Sir James, of Maori blood, 234.
  • Cassowary, a bird of the forests and jungles, 134.
  • Caterpillar, vegetable, 252.
  • Cathedral of St. John, at Brisbane, 13.
  • Cattle ranching in the back country, 69.
  • Cattle routes, laid out by the government, 70.
  • Centennial Park, Sydney, 34.
  • Chaffee brothers, start first irrigation project in Australia, 65.
  • Charters Towers, centre of gold and copper district, 21.
  • Cheese, exportation of, from New Zealand, 244.
  • Christchurch, centre of sheep industry, 236;
  • in the garden spot of New Zealand, 256.
  • Civil service, applied to railway employees, 87.
  • Coal, abundance of, 3;
  • mines worked by the government in New Zealand to prevent high prices, 207.
  • Cockney accent, in New Zealand, 215.
  • Coconut groves, in the Fijis, 270.
  • Commerce of the United States with Australia, 137.
  • Compulsory military service voted for in New Zealand during the war, 260.
  • Conciliation and Arbitration Act, in New Zealand, 204.
  • Constitution of the Commonwealth, similar to that of the United States, 8.
  • Consular service, American, best of any nation, 259.
  • Convicts, the first settlers, 7.
  • Cook Islands, annexed by New Zealand, 172.
  • Cooking, in the hot pools, 228.
  • Coolgardie, gold rush to, 98.
  • Coöperative associations, of New Zealand, 199.
  • Coöperative butter and cheese factories of New Zealand, 244.
  • Copper, rich deposits of Queensland, 20.
  • Copra, preparation and how used, 270.
  • Cricket, finest grounds in the world at Melbourne, 75.
  • Dairy products, state aid in development of industry, 117.
  • Dairying, growing importance of, in Australia, 4;
  • in New Zealand, 174, 244.
  • Dances of the Maoris, 232.
  • Darling Downs, a rich agricultural section, 15, 29.
  • Darling River, one of the most important of Australia, 63.
  • Department stores, of Sydney, 31;
  • of Melbourne, 80.
  • De Rays, Marquis, attempt to start the Free Colony of Oceania, 162.
  • Desert lands, extent of, 4.
  • Dingoes, a serious problem in the sheep country, 60.
  • Discovery and settlement, 6.
  • Distances, between Australia cities, 3;
  • to other parts of the world, 6.
  • Divers, pearl, Japanese the most efficient, 155.
  • Dogs, wild, kill many sheep, 60.
  • Domain, the, the gathering place of Sydney, 34.
  • Dress, observance of, on the sheep stations, 47.
  • Drinking, a national vice, 77.
  • Droughts, the horrors of, 64.
  • Duck-billed platypus, link between bird and beast, 131.
  • Dugongs, sea-cows resembling the fabled mermaid, 132.
  • Dunedin, a Scotch city in New Zealand, 256.
  • Earthquake Flat, in New Zealand’s “Yellowstone Park,” 220.
  • Education, excellence of the public schools, 113.
  • Eight-hour day, first established in Australia, 104;
  • monument commemorating, 104;
  • explained by a government official, 111.
  • Electric power, generated at coal mines for use ninety miles away, 143.
  • Employees, state and federal, proportion to number of inhabitants, 112.
  • Emu, the national bird of Australia, 135.
  • Eucalyptus, use of, as paving blocks, 27;
  • forests of, 28;
  • remarkably durable for railroad ties and paving blocks, 90.
  • Exports, extent of, from the United States to Australia, 137.
  • Farms, smaller, movement toward, 38;
  • for settlement, in New Zealand, 184;
  • of New Zealand, 213.
  • Farmhouses, the prevailing type, 28.
  • Federation of the states, 7.
  • Fences, rabbit, enormous extent of, 58.
  • Fencing, on the sheep ranches, 38, 39, 41.
  • Ferns, in great variety in New Zealand, 175, 214.
  • Fiji Islands, the country and the people, 263.
  • Fire walkers, ceremony of the, in the Fijis, 268.
  • Flax, New Zealand, a wild product of the swamps, 252.
  • Fodder, preservation of, for dry years, 69.
  • Foxes, introduced to combat rabbit plague, prove a pest, 60.
  • Free Colony of Oceania, vicissitudes of the, 162.
  • Freaks of nature, from New Zealand, 246.
  • Fruit, production of, in Tasmania, 147.
  • Fruit growing, advantages and opportunities, 14.
  • Gambling, a national vice, 76, 77.
  • Games, New Zealanders much interested in, 210.
  • Gasoline, price of, in New Zealand, 203.
  • Germany’s former possessions now administered by Australia, 159;
  • by New Zealand, 159, 172.
  • Geysers, of New Zealand, 223.
  • Glaciers, of New Zealand, 174.
  • Godley Glacier, New Zealand, 174.
  • Gold, discovery of, and amount produced, 3;
  • the Mount Morgan mine, Queensland, 19;
  • the Ballarat rush, 84, 95.
  • Golden Mile, famous gold mine, 99.
  • Government of the Commonwealth, 8.
  • Government ownership, results of state control of railways, 87;
  • New Zealand a leading exponent, 171, 200.
  • Governor of the Fijis, duties of, 269.
  • Grasshoppers, used as food by the aborigines, 124.
  • Great Barrier Reef, a chain of coral, 10.
  • Great Britain, regard for in New Zealand, 260.
  • Griffin, Walter Burley, wins prize for plan of city of Canberra, 74.
  • Griffin, model city in the irrigated district, 67.
  • Gympie gold fields, 21.
  • Half-holiday, compulsory in New Zealand, 210.
  • Hargraves, discovers gold at Ballarat, 95.
  • Harvesters, immense factory of the Sunshine Harvester Co., at Melbourne, 142.
  • Hermitage, the, the government sanctuary of the kea parrot, 249.
  • Hobart, Tasmania, one of the “farthest south” towns of the globe, 144.
  • Hoddle, auctioneer of first lots sold in Melbourne, 83.
  • Horse racing, an enthusiasm of Australians, 49.
  • Horse racing, at Melbourne, 75;
  • in New Zealand, 211.
  • Horses, saddle, indispensable on the big farms, 49.
  • Hosiery, American, commands the Australian market, 139.
  • Hot springs, at Rotorua, New Zealand, 222.
  • Hours of business in Melbourne, 82.
  • House servants, scarcity of, in New Zealand, 191, 192.
  • Houses for workmen built by the government in New Zealand, 209.
  • Hunting, as practised by the bushmen, 125.
  • Hydro-electric development in Tasmania, 150;
  • in New Zealand, 258.
  • Immigration, opposition to, 110.
  • Implements, American, used extensively in Australia, 141.
  • Industrial school near Suva, Fiji, 266.
  • Insects, used as food by the aborigines, 123.
  • Insurance, issued by the government, in New Zealand, 197.
  • Invercargill, the southernmost town, 261.
  • Iron, extensively mined, 3;
  • deposits, in Queensland, 21.
  • Iron and steel, growth of the industries, 142.
  • Irrigation, the beginning of, in Australia, 65;
  • in New South Wales, 67.
  • “Jackeroo,” meaning of the term, 49.
  • Jam, exportation of, from Tasmania, 147.
  • Japanese divers, most efficient in pearl fisheries, 155.
  • Jarrah, a remarkably durable wood, 90.
  • Kaiser Wilhelm’s Land, now administered by Australia, 159.
  • Kalgoorlie, artesian wells at, 92.
  • Kangaroo, the, a marsupial, 5.
  • Kangaroos, of many kinds, 129.
  • Karri, a remarkably durable wood, 90.
  • Kauri gum, the quest for, 252.
  • Kava, and the chewing process, 279.
  • Kea parrot, the sheep killer of New Zealand, 249.
  • Kimberley gold fields, 98.
  • Kiwi, a strange bird of New Zealand, 248.
  • Koutu, village in volcanic region of New Zealand, 222.
  • Labour, white men only employed in cane fields, 14;
  • the powerful sheep-shearers’ union, 52;
  • conditions on the state-owned railways, 87;
  • wages and hours of work in New Zealand, 200;
  • hours and wages in the mutton refrigerating plants, 242;
  • scarcity of in the Fijis, 271.
  • Labour laws, protecting women workers in New Zealand, 188.
  • Labour unions, their part in public affairs, 9;
  • Australia thoroughly organized, 104.
  • Lake Eyre, a body of salt water below sea level, 4.
  • Land Act Bill, passage of, 17.
  • Land for Settlements Act, and the redivision of the large holdings, 182.
  • Land ownership system of New Zealand, 178, 182.
  • Land settlement in Tasmania, 149.
  • Laughing jackass, or kookooburra, 136.
  • Launceston, Tasmania, to receive electric power from Great Lake plant, 151.
  • Lead, deposits of, in Queensland, 21.
  • Leeton, model city in the irrigated district, 67.
  • Levuka, one of the two principal towns of Fiji, 268, 269.
  • Libraries, state coöperation in establishing, 115.
  • Life insurance, issued by the government in New Zealand, 197.
  • Liquor-option law, workings of, 78.
  • “Living wage,” as laid down by New South Wales Court of Industrial Arbitration, 106.
  • Lizard, three-eyed, of New Zealand, 250.
  • Lollipops, origin of name, 36.
  • London Missionary Society, good work in Samoa, 280.
  • Lyre bird, native of Australia, 134.
  • Macarthur, Captain John, said to be the introducer of the prickly pear pest, 22;
  • pioneer in the sheep industry, 45.
  • Manua, one of the American Samoas, 273, 278.
  • Maoris, of advanced civilization, 171.
  • Maoris, number of, in New Zealand, 177.
  • Maoris, the story of the, 227.
  • Marriage customs of the Maoris, 231.
  • Marsupials, preponderant in Australia, 5;
  • many varieties, 129.
  • Marsupial mouse, of New Zealand, 250.
  • McCaughey, Samuel, his fortune in land and sheep, 38.
  • Meat-export trade of New Zealand controlled by a government board, 244.
  • Melbourne, a magnificent commerce centre, 72;
  • laying out of the site and auctioning of first lots, 83.
  • Melbourne Cup Race, chief sporting event of the South Pacific, 76.
  • Merino sheep, extra fine fleece of the, 44;
  • weight of fleece greatly improved by breeding, 51.
  • Milford Track, the most beautiful walk in the world, 174, 175.
  • Minerals, abundant in Australia, 3.
  • Mining school at Ballarat, 97.
  • Minting gold coins at Melbourne, 101.
  • Missionaries, success in the Fiji Islands, 266.
  • Moa, the extinct giant bird of New Zealand, 246.
  • Moore Park, Sydney, 34.
  • Mount Bischoff tin mines in Tasmania, largest in the world, 148.
  • Mount Cook, New Zealand, the “cloud piercer,” 174.
  • Mount Egmont, New Zealand, 173.
  • Mount Leviathan, composed of pure iron, 21.
  • Mount Lyell, Tasmania, gold, copper and tin production of, 148.
  • Mount Morgan, richest gold mine of the world, 19.
  • Municipal ownership, Wellington, New Zealand, a leading example, 168.
  • Murchison Glacier, New Zealand, 174.
  • Murray-Darling, the only important river system in Australia, 4, 63.
  • Murrumbidgee irrigation project, in New South Wales, 67.
  • Murrumbidgee River, one of the most important of Australia, 63.
  • Mutton, amount exported, 40;
  • exportation from New Zealand, 236;
  • export trade of New Zealand controlled by a government board, 244.
  • Nails, not used in Samoan dwellings, 275.
  • National Park, near Sydney, 34.
  • National Provident Fund, a New Zealand institution, 199.
  • New Britain, of the Bismarck Archipelago, 161.
  • New Guinea, former German territory now administered by Australia, 159, 160.
  • New Ireland, of the Bismarck Archipelago, 161.
  • New Plymouth, New Zealand, in the dairy district, 174.
  • New South Wales, size, and wealth of its people, 24.
  • New Zealand, location, and physical geography, 170 et seq.;
  • form of government, 171;
  • climate, 173;
  • population, and proportion of aborigines, 177;
  • early colonization movements, 179.
  • New Zealand Loan and Mercantile Company, a coöperative association, 199.
  • Newspapers and their circulation, 118.
  • Ngauruhoe, volcano in New Zealand, 173.
  • Nuggets, remarkable, found in the Ballarat gold field, 96.
  • Nukualofa, capital and only town of the Tonga Islands, 272.
  • Nullarbor Plain, difficulties in building railway over, 91.
  • Oats, high yield in New Zealand, 176.
  • Old-age pensions, in New Zealand, 194.
  • Opals, in Queensland, 21;
  • quantities offered for sale, 81.
  • Organs, pipe, rivalry between Melbourne and Sydney, 32, 74.
  • Owls, the solution of the pest of birds in fruit region, 257.
  • Papua, government of, 8;
  • administered by Australia, 159, 160.
  • Parliament of the Commonwealth, organization of, 8.
  • Pasteur, fails in production of virus to combat rabbit plague, 59.
  • Phillip, Captain, brings first sheep to Australia, 45.
  • Pearl fisheries, at Thursday Island, 152.
  • Pearl shell, the commerce in, 154.
  • Pelicans, common in Queensland, 132.
  • “Pelorus Jack,” the pet whale, 251.
  • Pensions, old age, in New Zealand, 194.
  • Pineapples, produced extensively in Queensland, 14.
  • Pipe line water supply in Coolgardie district, 100.
  • Pipe organs, rivalry in, of Melbourne and Sydney, 32, 74.
  • Platypus, strangest of the animal kingdom, 5;
  • link between bird and beast, 131.
  • Plug tobacco used as money in New Guinea, 138.
  • Poisoning, of rabbits, 57;
  • of dingoes and foxes, 60.
  • Port Arthur, old convict colony of Van Diemen’s Land, 145.
  • Postal savings banks, in New Zealand, 198.
  • Poverty, almost unknown in New Zealand, 194, 198.
  • Prickly Pear, its fateful introduction in Queensland, 22.
  • Prickly-Pear Commission, in search of means to destroy the pest, 22.
  • Prohibition, in New Zealand, 187.
  • Prosperity, in New Zealand, 255.
  • Public debt, huge, of New Zealand, 202.
  • Public schools, excellence of, 113.
  • Public Trust, a government institution of New Zealand, 199.
  • Purchasing power of the Australian people, 138.
  • “Queen Emma” of New Guinea, 162.
  • Queensland, size and location, 13;
  • population, 16;
  • travels in, 10.
  • Rabaul, principal European colony in Bismarck Archipelago, 161.
  • Rabbits, the plague, and efforts to combat it, 56;
  • exportation of frozen carcasses, 59;
  • a serious pest also in New Zealand, 240;
  • freezing in New Zealand for export, 257.
  • Rabbit skins, exportation of, Australian, 59;
  • New Zealand, 240.
  • Railway fares, in New Zealand, 218.
  • Railway ties, durable woods used, 90.
  • Railway travel, 28.
  • Railways, owned by the different states, each of different gauge of track, 85;
  • total amount of trackage, 86.
  • Railways of New Zealand, travelling over the, 213;
  • government owned, 214.
  • Rainfall, scarcity of, in Australia, 62.
  • Ratu Epele Nailatikau, high chief of the Fijis, 265.
  • Refrigeration and shipment of New Zealand mutton, 237, 240.
  • Religious belief of the bushmen, 126.
  • Reptiles, used as food by the aborigines, 123.
  • Rimutaka Mountain, New Zealand, steepest railway grade in the world, 216.
  • Rockhampton, city of gold and copper, 19, 20.
  • Rotorua, most famous health resort of the South Seas, 222.
  • Ruapehu volcano, in New Zealand, 173.
  • Salote, Queen of the Tongas, 272.
  • Samoa, German, now administered by New Zealand, 159, 172.
  • Samoas, the islands and the people, 273 et seq.
  • Sapphires, from Queensland, 22.
  • Satin-bower bird, and its habits, 134.
  • Sausage casings, amount exported, 40.
  • Savaii, volcanic island of the Samoan group, 273, 274.
  • Schools, travelling, in New South Wales, 114.
  • Seddon, Richard, New Zealand’s greatest premier, 181.
  • Sharks, danger from in diving for pearl shell, 156.
  • Sheep, Australia the largest producer, 40;
  • fine breeding stock produced in Tasmania, 148.
  • Sheep, blooded, great demand for, 41.
  • Sheep industry, importance of, 4, 37.
  • Sheep raising, New Zealand’s chief industry, 184, 236 et seq.
  • Sheep ranches, immensity of the, 38, 41.
  • Sheep shearing, how conducted, 52;
  • in New Zealand, 239.
  • Sheep shearers, the aristocrats of the sheep business, 51.
  • Sheep show, annual, at Sydney, 40.
  • Sheep stations, social life on the, 47.
  • Sheepskins, annual exportation, 40.
  • Shoes, American, in New Zealand, 259.
  • Signs, curious to an American, 81.
  • Silver, great deposits of, 4;
  • great output of the Broken Hill field, 142.
  • Slang, Australian, 81.
  • Slaughtering, and refrigerating of mutton for export, 241.
  • Sleeping cars, in New Zealand, 217.
  • Social legislation, New Zealand first in many laws, 194.
  • Solomon Islands, the natives and the products, 163.
  • South Pacific Ocean, wild and stormy, 165.
  • Sports, New Zealanders’ devotion to, 210.
  • Squatters, meaning of the term, 39.
  • Squid, danger from in pearl fishing, 157.
  • State-owned railways, the, 85.
  • States, comprising the Commonwealth, 7.
  • Steel, manufacture of, a growing industry, 142.
  • Stevenson, Robert Louis, his villa at Apia, Samoa, 274, 280, 281;
  • not a successful planter, 277.
  • Stores and business of Melbourne, 80.
  • Street cars, municipally owned in Auckland, 203.
  • Strikes, rare in New Zealand, 204.
  • Sugar cane, extensively grown with white labour, 14.
  • Sugar plantations in the Fijis, 270.
  • “Sun-downer,” the tramp of the sheep country, 54.
  • Suva, capital of the Fijis, 268, 269.
  • Swans, black, of New Zealand, 250.
  • Sydney, metropolis of the Antipodes, 24;
  • its shipping and fine harbour, 25;
  • walks about the city, 31.
  • Sydney Bulletin, widely read newspaper, 33, 47.
  • Tarawera, Mount, eruption of, 220.
  • Tariff, protective, to foster home industries, 141, 143.
  • Tariff, preferential, with Great Britain, 143.
  • Taronga Park, cageless zoölogical gardens, 34.
  • Tasman Glacier, New Zealand, 174.
  • Tasmania, the Switzerland of the southern Pacific, 144.
  • Tattooing, among the Maoris, 229.
  • Taupo, largest lake in New Zealand, 175.
  • Taxation system of New Zealand, 179.
  • Te Anau, second largest lake in New Zealand, 175.
  • Tea, great amount used by Australians, 112.
  • Technical schools, in many cities, 116.
  • Thakombau, last king of the Fijis, 264.
  • “Three Eights” monument at Melbourne, 105.
  • Thursday Island, the centre of the pearl-fishing industry, 152.
  • Tikitere, the “hell” of New Zealand’s volcanic region, 225.
  • Tin, extensively mined, 3;
  • deposits of, in Queensland, 21;
  • Mount Bischoff mines in Tasmania the largest producers in the world, 148.
  • Tonga Islands, the country and the people, 263, 272.
  • Toorak, residential suburb of Melbourne, 73.
  • Toowoomba, principal city of the Darling Downs district, 15.
  • Topography of Australia, 4.
  • Torrens Title, system of land transfer, 16.
  • Trackers, remarkable keenness of the bushmen as, 125.
  • Trade schools, in every large city, 116.
  • Travelling schools, in New South Wales, 114.
  • Turnips, production of, in Tasmania, 148;
  • as feed for sheep, in New Zealand, 213, 238.
  • Tutuila, one of the American Samoas, 273.
  • Tyson, James, wealthy stockman, 37.
  • Unions, encouraged in New Zealand, 204.
  • Unionism, Australia thoroughly organized, 104.
  • “Universal providers” the Melbourne department stores, 80.
  • Universities and higher education, 116.
  • Upolu, an island of the Samoas, 273, 274, 275.
  • Victoria, irrigation projects in, 67.
  • Volcanoes, of New Zealand, 173, 220.
  • Voting, compulsory, in New Zealand, 186.
  • Voyage to Australia, the, 1.
  • Wages, on the sheep ranches, 39.
  • Waikato River, largest in New Zealand, 213.
  • Waimangu Geyser, New Zealand, 224.
  • Wallaby, a species of Kangaroo, 131.
  • Water, scarcity of, in Australia, 63.
  • Water supply in the dry lands, 66.
  • Wealth, in Sydney, 24;
  • of the Australian people, 138.
  • Wellington, New Zealand, the capital city, 167.
  • Wells, artesian, furnish water in the desert, 92.
  • Whale, “Pelorus Jack,” the pet of New Zealand, 251.
  • Wheat, immense production and export of, 4;
  • transportation and care awaiting exportation, 90;
  • production of, in Tasmania, 148;
  • high yield in New Zealand, 176.
  • White Island, New Zealand, a bed of hot sulphur, 173.
  • White men, a country for, 104.
  • Williams, U. S. Consul to Fiji, his part in the transfer of the islands to the British, 264.
  • Wimmera-Mallee irrigation system, the, 66.
  • Wool, immense production, and of fine quality, 4;
  • annual production, 40;
  • how handled and sold at Sydney, the chief wool market, 42;
  • prices attained, 43;
  • the science of grading, 44;
  • handling of the crop, 53;
  • weight of fleece of the different breeds of sheep, 240;
  • handling the clip of New Zealand, 243.
  • Woollen mills, of New Zealand, 243.
  • Woman suffrage, adds strength to labour element, 9;
  • in New Zealand, 186.
  • Women, in politics and labour, in New Zealand, 186.
  • Women divers in the pearl fisheries, 157.
  • Workmen’s houses, built by the government, in New Zealand, 209.
  • Yates, Mrs., the first woman mayor, 186.
  • “Yellowstone Park” of New Zealand, 220.
  • Zinc, works of the Electrolytic Zinc Corporation in Tasmania the largest of the kind in the world, 150.