BURGUNDY: THE
SPLENDID DUCHY
BY THE SAME AUTHOR
IMPRESSIONS OF PROVENCE. FOOLSCAP QUARTO, 12/6 NET
SONGS OF OLD FRANCE. CROWN 8VO. 6/- NET
LONDON: FRANCIS GRIFFITHS
MONT BEUVRAY.
Frontispiece
BURGUNDY: THE
SPLENDID DUCHY
STORIES AND SKETCHES IN SOUTH BURGUNDY
BY
PERCY ALLEN
AUTHOR OF "IMPRESSIONS OF PROVENCE" ETC.
Fully illustrated with eight water-colour and 86 line drawings
by Miss Marjorie Nash
LONDON
FRANCIS GRIFFITHS
34 MAIDEN LANE, STRAND, W.C.
1912
TANT L VAUT, the Virgin name,
Five hundred years ago,
On stately hall and tower aflame,
Blazoned in gold, bade all acclaim
Her worth in high Rochepot.
Here above London's roar I sit,
To watch the splendour flow
O'er myriad roof-trees glory-lit,
And read,—with golden fingers writ—
A sunset's TANT L VAUT.
Darkness and stars begin to be,
Light leaves the world below;
Turning, a gracious form I see,
And vesper music wakes in me—
Ma deboinaire, très doulce amie,
Seule Etoile, TANT L VAUT.
I have to thank very cordially my friend, Monsieur François Fertiault,
for his kindness in permitting me to make use of the valuable material
comprised in his charming books upon rural Burgundy; and I have also to
thank M. A. de Charmasse and his publisher, M. Dejussieu, of Autun, for
placing at my disposal the information contained in that author's Précis
Historique to "Autun et ses Monuments" and in the archeological portion
of the same work, written by the late M. H. de Fontenay, a book which I
recommend to those who wish to study fully the stones of that interesting
city.
I have also to acknowledge the kindness of Mm. Mame & Fils, of Tours,
in granting permission to translate the Burgundian legends, "Le Creux du
Diable," "Le Puits de St. Martin," and "L'Abbaye de Ste. Marguerite," by
the late Abbé B——, published by that house: also the courtesy of M.
Gabriel Hanotaux, of the French Academy, and of his publishers, Messrs.
Hachette, of Paris, in permitting the reproduction of a portrait of Philippe
le Bon (p. 191) from his recent work on Jeanne d'Arc. My thanks are due,
too, to M. Perrault-Dabot, who kindly allows me to make use of the engraving
of Cluny (p. 72) from his work "L'Art en Bourgogne."
If the support given to this volume on South Burgundy justifies me in
doing so, I hope, before very long, to follow it by a second, dealing with the
northern part of the duchy.
Among the works consulted in writing this book are the following:—
LIST OF WORKS CONSULTED
THE DATES REFER TO THE EDITION MADE USE OF
Olivier de la Marche |
"Mémoires" |
1819 |
Olivier de la Marche |
"Le Chevalier délibère." |
1842 |
C. R. de Caumont de la Force |
"Histoire secrète de la Bourgogne" |
1694 |
Brugière de Barante |
"Histoire des Ducs de Bourgogne de la Maison de Valois" |
1825-6 |
Ernest Petit |
"Histoire des Ducs de Bourgogne, de la Race Capétienne" 9 vols. |
1835-1905 |
|
Dom Urbain Plancher |
"Histoire Générale de la Bourgogne." 4 vols. |
1739-81 |
Philippe de Comines |
"Chroniques", etc. 5 vols. |
|
Claude Courtépée |
"Voyages en Bourgogne" |
1905 |
Claude Courtépée |
"Description du Duché de Bourgogne" |
1775-85 |
A. Kleinclausz |
"Histoire de la Bourgogne." |
1909 |
A. Kleinclausz |
"Régions de la France; La Bourgogne" |
|
Francis Miltoun |
"Castles and Châteaux of Old Burgundy" |
1909 |
Sir G. F. Duckett (Bart.) |
"Abbey of Cluny"; 1839 "Charters and Records" |
1888 |
P. Lorrain |
"Essai Historique sur L'Abbaye de Cluny" |
1839 |
J. Pignot |
"Histoire de L'Ordre de Cluny" 3 vols. |
1868 |
A. Penjon |
"Cluny; La Ville et L'Abbaye" |
|
Cistercian Monk |
"A Concise History of the Cistercian Order" |
1852 |
H. Collins |
"The Cistercian Fathers" |
|
M. T. Ratisbonne |
"Histoire de Saint Bernard" |
1843 |
G. Chevallier |
"Histoire de St. Bernard" |
1888 |
François Fertiault |
"Rimes Bourguignonnes" |
1899 |
François Fertiault |
"Histoire d'un Chant Populaire Bourguignon" |
1883 |
François Fertiault |
"En Bourgogne; Récits Villageois" |
1898 |
François Fertiault |
"Une Noce d'Autrefois en Bourgogne" |
1892 |
François Fertiault |
"Le Cher Petit Pays" |
1903 |
A. Perrault-Dabot |
"L'Art en Bourgogne" |
1897 |
A. Perrault-Dabot |
"Le Patois Bourguignon" |
|
P. G. Hamerton |
"Round my House" |
|
P. G. Hamerton |
"The Mount" |
1897 |
H. de Fontenay |
} |
"Autun et ses Monuments" |
1889 |
and |
} |
|
A. de Charmasse |
} |
"Autun et ses Monuments, Précis Historique" |
1889 |
Joseph Déchelette |
"Guide des Monuments D'Autun" |
1907 |
Joseph Déchelette |
"L'Oppidum de Bibracte" |
|
Alphonse Germain |
"Les Néerlandais en Bourgogne" |
1909 |
M. L'Abbé B—— |
"Légendes Bourguignonnes" |
1872 |
M. L'Abbé B—— |
"Tebsima" |
1872 |
Lettres d'Abailard et d'Héloise; Nouveau receuil, etc. |
1720 |
Matthew Arnold's Poems |
1885 |
Jules Baux |
"Richesses Historiques et Archéologiques sur L'Eglise de Brou" |
1844 |
Camille Jullian |
"Vercingetorix" |
1902 |
Camille Jullian |
"Histoire de Gaule" |
1908 |
Camille Jullian |
"Tableau sommaire de la Gaule sous la domination romaine." |
1892 |
S. Cambray |
"Lamartine; A Study" |
1890 |
Lamartine |
"Confidences; A Study" |
1849 |
Lamartine |
"Le Tailleur de Pierre de Saint Point; A Study" |
1851 |
Michelet |
"Histoire de France" |
|
Viollet-le-Duc |
"Dictionnaire Raisonné" |
|
Although the history of Burgundy is intimately connected with that of
England—the policy of the Valois Dukes, for example, affected profoundly
our national destinies during the hundred years' war—the average English
reader's knowledge of the subject is contained within the four corners of a
wine list. He knows Beaune—knows the name well, as that of a drinkable
brand, may have blessed it in his heart, when a ray from the shaded lamp shot
through its ruby depths. If by any chance he loves Meredith, he may,
even, under its kindly influence, have whispered to his fair partner, Dr.
Middleton's phrase: "Burgundy has great genius; Burgundy sings the inspired
ode." But should his lady slip in a question concerning this ruddy
heartener of man, he could not answer; he would stumble between the Côte
d'Azur and the Côte d'Or.
Not another town of Burgundy could he name. Dijon he knows, and
remembers; because there he scalded his throat with hot coffee, gulped down,
at three in the morning, on the way home from the Riviera; or, bound for
Switzerland, he may have passed through the town. But he does not know
Dijon as a Burgundian Capital, nor as a proud city of royal palaces and
unrivalled sculpture. At most, when he hears the duchy named, there
floats through his mind a shadowy memory of Henry V., or of King Lear.[1]
Yet Burgundy was the scene of events vital in the making of Europe. It
was one of the strongholds of Roman civilization. It saw the genesis of a
religious movement that was the greatest feature of eleventh and twelfth
century history. Cluny was a nursery of popes; Citeaux became a breeding ground
of saints; their abbots lorded it over mighty kings; they dictated to
potentates and princes; they bent all western Europe beneath their sway.
Bernard's eloquence fired three nations with enthusiasm for the second
crusade.
That Power, when it had passed from the great monastic houses, fell
later, in a modified form, to the Valois Dukes. Safely housed in Dijon, or
in Bruges, ruling a people sheltered, to some extent, from the appalling
disasters that were transforming the fair kingdom of France into a howling
wilderness, they kept a more than royal state. Gathering about their
persons a great company of distinguished artists and valiant knights, they
established a school of sculpture unmatched in their time; they held pageants
and tournaments the most brilliant that chivalry had ever seen.
Headstrong and ambitious, they challenged the crown of France, and
defied it; they dreamed dreams of a Burgundian empire extending eastward
beyond the Alps and northward to the Channel.
'Tis true that these ambitions were never sated. The house of Valois
had not the constructive mind of which empire is begotten: moreover,
Destiny, and Louis XI., were too strong for them. But the glorious tale
of ducal efforts towards that goal outshines all other sunset splendours of
dying mediævalism.
When I think of what might be made of such a theme, I could tear these
pages, because my best is not better.
Yet history does not end the attractions of Burgundy. It only begins
them. Nature, too, has her pageant "in this best garden of the world,"
she will hold you here, whether you choose the delicious, poplar-fringed
plains of the Saône, the "waterish" Burgundy that the French king sneers
at in "Lear"—he would have gloried in the land had it been his own—or
the stern and silent hills of the Jura and the Morvan; or the vine-clad
slopes of sunny Côte d'Or.
But, best of all, this land and its people have a character wholly their own.
You will not feel here the twilight melancholy of Celtic Brittany; the
quivering, electric atmosphere of romantic Provence; nor the passionate
intensity of dark Languedoc; but you will find a country well typified by
its wines, its sculpture, its architecture—a solid, ample, full-bodied, full-blooded
land; a people strong and vivacious, concealing, beneath a somewhat
harsh and stern exterior, a cheerful heart and an abundant generosity; comfortable,
courageous, eloquent, sonorous folk, that love a good dinner, and
a good story to follow, that have produced a Bernard, a Bossuet, and a
Lamartine.
The key to this Burgundian character, with its blend of Gallic, Latin,
and German elements, the key to Burgundian history, too, is the geographical
position of the country. Its great water-ways flow northward, by the
Yonne, to the English Channel, and southward, by the Saône, to the
Mediterranean and the traffic of the East; along its valleys run the great
trading roads and railways connecting northern and southern, eastern and
western Europe. With the exception of the Jura, no natural barriers exist
between Burgundy and the adjoining lands. It was open at all quarters;
from every point of the compass it borrowed, and it lent. Michelet's
visionary thought has summed up, in a splendid phrase, the secret of
Burgundy. He says, speaking of the country round Dijon: "La France
n'a pas d'élément plus liant, plus capable de réconcilier le nord et le midi."
There you have it. To reconcile the bitter antagonisms of north and
south, and, in a lesser degree, of east and west, was Burgundy's destiny;
the geographical position that enabled her to do so was at once the source of
her greatness, and the cause of her fall. While she remained independent,
unity was impossible for France; and England's peace was imperilled by
irresistible temptations to attack a weakened neighbour.
In writing this book, I have endeavoured, as far as possible, to preserve
historical continuity. That must be my excuse for geographical flights
which, else, might bewilder my readers.
My hope is that these pages may awaken, here and there, lasting interest
in a land that, whether for varied scenery, sunny climate, good living,
characteristic architecture, or, above all, historical associations of the first
importance, can hold its own with any other ancient province of France.
PAGE |
CHAPTER I | |
BENEATH THE MOUNT |
|
The Hiring at St. Léger—Distant Beuvray—Fun of the Fair—A mad wolf—Legends
of the Mount—Gaulish Bibracte—St. Martin at Beuvray—La Pierre de la Wivre—Legend
of the Wivern—The Curé of Monthelon |
1 |
CHAPTER II | |
THE ROMAN CITY |
|
A Suffering Cow—Temple of Janus—The Aedui—Druids—Divitiacus and Dumnorix—Vercingetorix—The
Founding of Augustodunum—Pierre de Couhard—Francis I.
at Couhard—The Plan of Augustodunum—Temple of Janus—Restoration—Origin of
the Name—Roman Gates—Porte d'Arroux—Porte St. André—Date of Construction—Porte
des Marbres—Vagaries of Peasant guides |
11 |
CHAPTER III | |
THE ROMAN CITY (Continued) |
|
French Passion for Statues—Roman Temple at Autun—Ecoles Méniennes—The
Capitol—The Roman Theatre—Two Ways of Lunching—Promenade des Marbres—The
Amphitheatre |
31 |
CHAPTER IV | |
THE ROMAN CITY (Continued) |
|
Christian Autun—Relics of Lazarus—Translation of the Relics—Tomb of Lazarus—Exterior
of Cathedral St. Lazare—The Porch—The Interior—Romanesque and Gothic—The
East End—Imbecile Restorations—The Capital—St. Symphorien by Ingres—Story
of St. Symphorien—Fontaine St. Lazare—Hotel Rolin—The Museums—Napoleon
at the Hotel St. Louis—No charge for Moonlight |
41 |
CHAPTER V | |
|
THE MOTHER ABBEY |
|
Cluny and Citeaux—Cluny still the Abbey—The Birth of Cluny—Duke William's
Anathema—Odon—Legend of the Crumbs—Legend of the Boar—Growth of Cluny—Birth
of Hugues—St. Odilon—Hildebrand—Glory of Cluny—The Monk's Vision—The
new Abbey—Consecration—Gifts—Description of New Cluny—The Narthex—The
Interior—Conventual Buildings—Ambulatorium Angelorum—The Rule of Cluny—Monkish
life at Cluny—Pierre Damien—Death of St. Hugues—Luxury and Decadence |
59 |
CHAPTER VI | |
THE MOTHER ABBEY (Continued) |
|
Cluny of To-day—Palace of Pope Gélase—The remaining Transept—Chapelle
Bourbon—Tour du Moulin—Tour des Fromages—Gate of the Narthex—The Abbey
Gate—Notable Visitors to Cluny—Palais abbatial—Musée—Hotel de Ville—Romanesque
Houses—Hotel des Monnaies—Eglise St. Marcel—Hotel Dieu—Bouillon Monument—Prud'hon—Women
of Burgundy—Hotel de Bourgogne—An amusing Evening—A
Dream—Berzé-le-Châtel—Castle of Lourdon—St. Point—A Poet's Garden—Lamartine's
Home—Tramaye |
86 |
CHAPTER VII
MORE POPE THAN YOU |
|
Decadent Cluny—Birth of St. Robert—Abbey of Molême—The Founding of Citeaux—White
Robes—Black Scapular—Stephen's Vision—The Coming of St. Bernard—His
Appearance—Legend of His Birth—Bernard converts his Family—Bernard a
Cistercian—His Austerities—Rise of Citeaux—Daughter Abbeys—Ceremony of
Foundation—Character of Bernard—Cistercian Ideals—Self-sacrifice—Simplicity—Bernard's
Letter to Pierre le Vénérable—Visitors to Citeaux—Albigensian Crusade—Citeaux's
Crime—A Cistercian Site—Citeaux to-day—The Chapter—My Flemish Guide |
111 |
CHAPTER VIII
CLUNY'S DAUGHTER |
|
Monkish Paray—"Une Simple Formalité"—Burgundian Manners—Clothes and
the Woman—Hotel de Ville—Church of Paray—Splendid Example of Clunisian
School—"Diorama-Musée"—Burgundian English—North Door—Porch—Interior—Blasphemy
and kindred Matters—A very young Mule—A Snake-charmer |
127 |
CHAPTER IX
HER THREE CROWNS |
|
Chalon-Sur-Saône—River Pageants—Gontran—Abbey of St. Marcel—The Story of
Bertille |
136 |
|
CHAPTER X
ABELARD AND HELOISE |
|
Church of St. Marcel—Story of Abélard and Héloise—Olivier de la Marche—Tournament
of la Dame des Pleurs—Tournament of 1273—Modern Chalon-Sur-Saône—Eglise
St. Vincent |
145 |
CHAPTER XI
TOURNUS BY THE SAONE |
|
Abbey of St. Philibert—Oldest Clunisian Porch—Interior of St. Philibert—A
Change of Author—The Record of Raoul Glaber—Raoul's Visions—Famine in
Burgundy—Human Vampires—In a Tournusian Café—"Au Point du Jour"—Greuze—Morning
and Evening on the Saône—Mâcon |
160 |
CHAPTER XII
THE VALLEY OF THE OUCHE |
|
A Page of Dialogue—Castle of Marigny—Legend of Tebsima—Albéric—Labussière—Albéric's
Dream—Aid from Citeaux—The new Church—Modern Labussière—A
magnificent Mansion—Antigny-le-Chatel—A Vigneron's Wedding—Arnay-le-Duc—Study
in Roofs and Colours—A charming Town—The Goats—The Poor Man—The
Hotel Chrétien—Around Arnay |
173 |
CHAPTER XIII
THE CITY OF THE DUKES |
|
Unknown Dijon—The City in 1364—Philip le Hardi—His jewelled Coats—The
Madness of the Period—Costume of that Day—Madness of King Charles—Philip's
Patronage of Art—Chartreuse de Champmol—Puits de Moise—Portal of the Chapel—Claus
Slater and his Nephew—Tombs of Philip le Hardi and Jean sans Peur—The
Pleurants—Character of Jean sans Peur—Murder of Duke of Orleans—Whitewashing—Armagnacs
and Burgundians Revenge |
184 |
CHAPTER XIV
CITY OF THE DUKES (Continued) |
|
Salle des Gardes—Dijon Castle—A new Post-Office—Final Struggle between Charles
le Téméraire and Louis XI—Characters of both Men—Defeats and Death of Charles—Discovery
of the Body—Victorious René—Louis' Joy—New Castles—Entry into Dijon—End
of Burgundian Dreams—Modern Dijon—St. Bénigne—St. Michel—Notre Dame
Jacquemart—Ducal Palace and Kitchen—Sketching—Palais de Justice—Plombières—Talant—Fontaine-lez-Dijon—Memories
of Bernard—Tournament of Tree of Charlemagne |
203 |
|
CHAPTER XV
THE DEVIL'S PIT |
|
Easter Morning—Lux—The Devil's Pit—Dialogue—The Legend—Serve him right! |
221 |
CHAPTER XVI
BEAUNE AND THE COTE D'OR |
|
"Bits" in Beaune—Notre Dame—Hotel Dieu—An Earthly Paradise—Exterior—Courtyard—Chapel—Devices—Roger
Van der Weyden's "Last Judgment"—Nicholas
Rolin—Guigonne |
230 |
CHAPTER XVII
SAINT MARTIN'S WELL AND THE LEGEND OF SAINT MARGUERITE |
|
Bouilland—Abbey of Sainte Marguerite—The Legend—Vineyards of the Côte d'Or—Meursault—Rochepot—Story
of Philippe Pot—Crusader's Return—His Marriage
at Dijon—Tant L Vaut—A Talk at Auxey-le-Grand—Through Côte d'Or by Train—Cussy-la-Colonne—Bewitched—The
Column—A Democratic Journey—St. Martin's
Well—Legend of St. Martin's Well |
237 |
CHAPTER XVIII
IN RURAL BURGUNDY |
|
The Road to Verdun—Burgundian Folk-song, "Eho!"—Its Story—Verdun sur le
Doubs—The First of March—Burgundian Folk-Lore—Teillage—Winter Scene—An
old-time Burgundian Wedding—The Patois—François Fertiault
Rolin—Guigonne |
258 |
CHAPTER XIX
A LAKE IN THE JURA |
|
Swiss Burgundy—Scenes in the Jura—Nantua from the Hills—Real Burgundy—A
capable Woman—Church of Nantua |
272 |
CHAPTER XX
PRINCESS MARGARET'S CHURCH |
|
Bourg-en-Bresse—Signs of the South—Conveyances—Monument Historique—Cezenat—Princess
Margaret's Church—Exterior—Interior—Story of Princess Margaret—-Loys
von Boghen—Death of Margaret—The Meaning of her Church—The Tombs—Paradin's
Chronique de Savoie—Francis I. at Bourg |
276 |
PAGE |
Mont Beuvray |
Frontispiece |
A Gaulish Soldier |
1 |
On Mont Beuvray |
7 |
The Wivern |
10 |
The Porte St. André |
11 |
Autun; shewing Cathedral and Mediæval Towers |
17 |
Autun; Pierre de Couhard |
19 |
Autun; Temple of Janus |
23 |
Autun; Porte d'Arroux |
25 |
Burgundian Peasant |
30 |
Head of Augustus |
31 |
Autun; Mediæval Towers |
35 |
A Burgundian Welcome |
38 |
Masks of Comedy and Tragedy |
40 |
Roman Vine Ornament |
41 |
St. Lazarus; from the Porch of Autun Cathedral |
46 |
Autun; Fontaine St. Lazare |
Facing 50 |
Autun; Tour des Ursulines |
52 |
Cluny Abbey and Gateway, as they were |
59 |
Cluny; Valley of the Grosne and part of the Abbey Grounds |
62 |
Cluny; Tour Fabri |
64 |
Clunisian Ornament |
67 |
God reproving Adam; from a capital of the Abbey of Cluny |
70 |
Cluny Abbey, as it was at the beginning of XIXth Century (by permission of
M. Perrault-Dabot) |
72 |
Cluny; Clocher de l'Eau Bénite |
78 |
Cluny; ruined Gate of the Narthex |
81 |
A Jewelled Crucifix |
85 |
Early Clunisian Ornament |
86 |
Cluny; Tour des Fromages |
87 |
Cluny; Gateway of the Abbey |
90 |
Cluny; Hotel de Ville |
92 |
Cluny; Pascal Lamb; twelfth century |
93 |
|
Cluny; Hôtel des Monnaies, twelfth century |
96 |
Ornament |
99 |
Cluny; a Capital from the Abbey |
102 |
Château de Berzé |
104 |
Château de Lourdon |
106 |
House of Lamartine |
110 |
St. Bernard |
111 |
St. John: Burgundian School |
119 |
Justice and Truth |
126 |
Paray-le-Monial; the Church |
127 |
Two Priests |
128 |
Paray-le-Monial; North Door of the Church |
132 |
Gontran and Bertille |
136 |
Her Three Crowns |
144 |
Abélard and Héloïse |
145 |
Beaune; Maison Colombier |
Facing 150 |
Chalon-Sur-Saône; Maison de Bois |
159 |
The Saône near Tournus |
160 |
A Street in Tournus |
162 |
Tournus; the Abbey |
170 |
By the Saône |
172 |
Antigny-le-Chatel |
173 |
Arnay-le-Duc; Corner House, sixteenth century |
181 |
Arnay-le-Duc; Tour de la Motte Forte |
Facing 182 |
Dijon |
184 |
Dijon: at the Café |
187 |
Moses; from the Puits de Moïse, Dijon |
189 |
Philippe le Bon, Duke of Burgundy |
191 |
A Corner of the Tomb of Philippe le Hardi |
193 |
Pleurants from the Tomb of Philippe le Hardi |
194 |
Dijon; Corner of the Place des Ducs |
197 |
Pleurant |
199 |
Ornament |
200 |
Sword |
202 |
Dijon: Decorated windows of the Maison Milsand |
203 |
Dijon Museum; Woman at Prayer |
204 |
Dijon; a Street |
Facing 208 |
Dijon; Door of Eglise St. Michel |
211 |
Dijon; A Font in the Eglise St. Michel |
212 |
Sculpture; Notre Dame de Dijon |
213 |
Dijon; Well outside the Duke's Kitchen |
214 |
Vine Ornament |
215 |
Dijon; a fifteenth century Window |
218 |
Ornament |
219 |
Arbre Charlemagne |
220 |
|
The Three Huntsmen |
221 |
Through the Forest |
225 |
Vine Ornament |
230 |
Beaune; Belfry of the Hospice de la Charité |
231 |
Beaune; Porch of Notre Dame |
Facing 232 |
Beaune; Courtyard of the Hôtel Dieu |
235 |
Star Ornament |
236 |
Saint Martin and Saint Margaret |
237 |
Ruins of St. Margaret's Abbey |
239 |
La Rochepot |
241 |
Beaune: Porch of the Hôtel-Dieu |
Facing 242 |
Tomb of Philippe Pot |
245 |
Taking his Ease |
247 |
Roman Column at Cussy |
251 |
Valley of Nantoux |
254 |
St. Martin Preaching |
257 |
Burgundian Ox-cart |
258 |
In Rural Burgundy |
261 |
Junction of Rivers Doubs and Saône |
263 |
Oxen ploughing |
Facing 264 |
Burgundian Cottage |
267 |
Château de Moux |
270 |
Nantua and the Lake |
272 |
Nantua from the Hill |
274 |
Princess Margaret's Tomb |
276 |
Bourg; in the Street |
278 |
Eglise de Brou: Ste. Madeleine from the Tomb of Marguerite d'Autriche |
287 |
Eglise de Brou: Ornament from the Tomb of Marguerite d'Autriche |
290 |
Princess Marguerite d'Autriche |
292 |
Sketch Map of South Burgundy |
293 |
