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Chapters in the History of the Insane in the British Isles

Chapter 75: S.
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About This Book

This study traces treatment and institutional care of people with mental disorders across the British Isles, juxtaposing early medical and superstitious responses with later humanitarian reforms. It reviews notable hospitals and reformist establishments, outlines legislative developments that shaped care, and surveys regional practices in England, Scotland, and Ireland. Separate chapters address criminal lunatics, chancery patients, and intellectual disability, and a closing section charts the advance of psychological medicine over recent decades. The account combines archival research, institutional history, and analysis of legal change to explain how clinical practice and public policy evolved.

N.

O.

P.

  • Palmerston house for idiots, 309, 439
  • Paracelsus, 484
  • Parchappe, 131, 444, 459, 460, 478, 482
  • Pargeter, 142, 512
  • Park House, Highgate, 305, 456
  • Parole, liberty on, 378
  • Pathology of insanity, 476
  • Paul, Sir George, 127
  • Pauper lunatics in private dwellings, 262, 392
  • Peerless Pool, 88
  • Pennant, 17, 88
  • Penny gates at Bethlem, 71, 73
  • Peony, its virtue in insanity, 2, 3
  • Pepys and Bethlem, 65
  • Percy Reliques, 39, 40
  • Perfect, Dr., 141
  • Periwinkle, 3
  • Perth Asylum, 333
  • —— Tolbooth, 329
  • Philanthropist, the, 126
  • Philip, Dr., his asylum, 216
  • Philipps, Dr. Rees, 466
  • Phlebotomy, 95, 484
  • Piers the Plowman, 10
  • Pillory, insane treated at, 27, 29
  • Pinel, 118, 133, 142-46, 186, 268, 467, 482
  • Pitt. See Lord Chatham
  • Plastidules, 475
  • Poole, Dr., 304, 334
  • Pools, insane placed in, 12
  • Poor Law Act, 1874, 196
  • Pope, on Colley Cibber, 70
  • Possession, demoniacal, 1, 5, 9, 18, 43, 393
  • Posts, whipping, 41, 57
  • Poultices, 31
  • Power, Rev. John, 12
  • Preston Lodge, institution for imbeciles, 308
  • Prestwich Asylum, 226, 249
  • Prichard, Dr., 454
  • Priest employed in treatment, 2
  • Principles pursued at the Retreat, 135
  • Prison Act in Ireland, 399
  • Private asylums, 99, 193, 194, 199, 201, 211, 212, 223, 264
  • —— dwellings, 262, 286, 458
  • —— patients, how distributed, 263
  • Prochaska, 469
  • Proctor, Mr. (Barry Cornwall), 450
  • Progress of Psychological Medicine, 1841-81, 443
  • Properties, small, 295
  • Property, protection of, 286
  • Prospect of the future, 495
  • Psycho-motor centres, 481

Q.

  • Quarterly visitation of pauper lunatics, 189
  • Queen's pleasure men, 274

R.

  • Radish, a cure for female chatter, 4
  • Rainhill Asylum, 226
  • Rake's Progress, 73, 509
  • Ramskill, Dr., 485
  • Ray, Dr., 108, 133, 449, 462, 463, 466
  • Rayner, Dr., 489
  • Recent changes in mode of administering Scotch asylums, 374
  • Recoveries in county asylums, private asylums, and lunatic hospitals, 263, 264
  • Recovery, statistics of, 263, 490
  • Reed, Rev. Andrew, 305, 456
  • Reil, 444, 460
  • Religious services, 369
  • Renton, Dr., 344
  • Rest in bed 489, 490
  • Restraint, abuse of, in Ireland, 420
  • Retreat. See York Retreat
  • Retrospect of the Past, 493
  • "Review of the Early History of the Retreat," 135
  • Reynolds, Dr., 107
  • Rice, Mr. T. Spring, 394, 398, 402, 406
  • Richart, accused, 22
  • Richmond Lunatic Asylum, Dublin, 400, 401, 406, 409, 417, 421, 438, 496
  • Ringmer Asylum, 224
  • Ripping, Dr., 492
  • Robert Evan, case of, 256
  • Robertson, Dr. Lockhart, 262, 263, 286, 296, 500
  • ——, Dr. (Ireland), 424
  • Rome, treatment of a lunatic in, 27
  • Rose, Right Hon. G., 148, 149, 157, 159, 161, 202, 516
  • Roubiliac, 70
  • Rowe, Sir Thomas, 49, 508
  • Royal Commission (Ireland), 1856, 418
  • —— Asylums (Scotch), 341
  • —— Commission (Scotch) 1855, 340;
    • report of, 342
  • Rural insanity, 362
  • Rush, Dr., 445
  • Rutherford, Dr., 372, 457
  • Rutherfurd, Lord, 338, 351, 352, 353
  • Rutter, J., his lines on Bethlem, 69

S.

  • Sägert, Herr, 304
  • Saints, Cornish, 13
  • Salpêtrière, 302
  • Salt, 5, 21
  • Salve employed against the elfin race, 5;
    • and for the "wood-heart," 6
  • Sandisone, Elspeth, 22
  • Savage, Dr., 74, 284, 455, 482, 489
  • Savage of the Aveyron, 301
  • Saxons, treatment of insane by the, 1
  • Saxony, Elector of, 319
  • Scarlet oak, 31
  • Schools for the insane, 438
  • Scone, Augustan canon of, 28
  • Scot, Reginald, 31, 33, 37, 38
  • Scotch Board of Lunacy, 325, 347, 354
  • —— Commissioners, Report of, 1858, 360;
  • —— system, analyzed, 373
  • Scotland, 14, 185, 321, 453
  • Seclusion, 139, 250, 273, 342
  • Seguin, Dr., 302, 456
  • ——, Dr. E., 456
  • Select Committee. See Committee
  • Seymour, Lord R., 160, 165
  • Shaftesbury, Earl of, 173, 191, 202, 248, 267, 268, 447
  • Shakespeare, 29, 40, 54, 56, 60, 65, 84
  • Shaw, Dr. Claye, 461
  • Sheil, Mr., 203
  • Sherlock, Dr., 448
  • Shuttleworth, Dr., 306
  • Sibbald, Dr., 501
  • Siegburg Asylum, 460, 492, Appendix C
  • Silk, toasted, 95
  • Single patients, 186, 236, 262, 286
  • Skae, Dr., 371, 467
  • Skelton, 56
  • Skull of man executed, 33
  • Sligo Asylum, 421
  • Smart, Mr. T. L., 48
  • Smith, Mr., his notice of Bethlem, 65, 67, 69, 73, 507
  • ——, Dr. C., 24
  • ——, Mr. C. Roach, 50
  • ——, Dr. John, 391
  • ——, Sydney, 83, 123, 147, 151, 152
  • ——, Mr. W., 149
  • Smollett, 96
  • Solly, 473
  • Somerset, Lord R., 175, 176, 177, 187, 202
  • Southey, Dr., 191, 450
  • Specifics in insanity, 486
  • Spencer, Herbert, 474, 475
  • Spitzka, Dr., 498
  • St. Agnes, 13
  • St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 58
  • St. Botolph, 45, 48
  • St. Fillan, 2, 14
  • St. George's Fields, 82, 84
  • St. Kea, 13
  • St. Kentigern, 14, 29
  • St. Levan, 13
  • St. Luke's Hospital, 86-91, 110, 113, 118, 166, 214, Appendix A
  • St. Mangose, 28
  • St. Maree, 17, 19
  • St. Martin's Lane, 53
  • St. Mary of Bethlem, 45
  • St. Molonah, 16
  • St. Nun, 11
  • St. Peter's Hospital, 210
  • St. Ronan, 16
  • St. Thomas' Asylum (Exeter), 210
  • St. Vincent de Paul, 301
  • St. Winifred, 9, 10
  • Stafford Asylum, 165, 214, 250
  • Stag's skull, 33
  • Star of Bethlem, 52
  • Starcraft (Saxon), 1
  • Starcross Institution, 306, 320
  • Stark, Mr., 121
  • Stearns, Dr., 460
  • Stewart, Dr. Henry, 309
  • ——, Dr. Robert, 424
  • Stilliard's map, 61
  • Stocks, 43, 52
  • Stokes, Dr. (Baltimore), 484, 486
  • Stothard, 70
  • Stow, 53, 55, 88, 508
  • Strathfillan, 14
  • Struthill, 16
  • Submersion, 18, 19, 20, 513
  • Suffolk Asylum, 165, 214, 503
  • Sumner, George, 302
  • Superintendent of asylum, his strange mental environment, 464
  • ——, the good, 460
  • Superstitions, Scotch, 14, 22
  • Surrey Asylum (Brookwood), 250, 505
  • ——, (Wandsworth), 249
  • Swallows, stones from maw of, 5
  • Swift, Dean, 95
  • Swift's Asylum, 111, 396
  • Switzerland and idiots, 304
  • Symonds, Dr. J. Addington, 471

T.

  • "Tale of a Tub," 95
  • Tamburini, Professor, 284
  • Temple of St. Molonah, 16
  • Temptations of the fiend, 4
  • Thornbury's "London," 88
  • Thurnam, Dr., 492
  • Timbs' London, 84
  • Tober-na-galt, 23
  • Tokens (Bedlam), 48
  • Tom of Bedlam, 39, 40, 65, 66
  • Tooke, Horne, 103
  • Torture in Scotland, 42
  • Townshend, Mr. T., 98, 99, 101, 202
  • Treatment of insane, advance in, 484, 490
  • "Tree of truth," 41
  • Trélat, 444
  • Trevelyan, Sir Charles, 312
  • ——, Mr., 103
  • Tuileries, Bethlem copied the, 70
  • Tuke, William, 113-116, 130, 131, 133, 134, 135
  • ——, Samuel, 89, 121, 125, 126, 150, 182, 187, 220, 333, 400
  • ——, J. Batty, 391, 478
  • Turkish bath, 485
  • Tyndale, 56, 60
  • Tyson, Dr., 80, 81

U.

  • University College, London, 443
  • Unzer, 468
  • Urban insanity, 362

V.

  • Vale of St. Fillan, 14
  • Valley of Lunatics, 22
  • Ventry, battle of, 24
  • Virchow, 475, 476
  • Visitation of Asylums, 188
  • Vitré, Dr. de, 182, 306
  • Voisin, 302, 444
  • ——, M. Aug., 480
  • Voluntary patients, 374
  • —— restraint, 215
  • Votive offerings, 16

W.

  • Wakefield Asylum, 165, 166, 179, 180, 214, 250
  • Wakley, Mr., 176
  • Wales, 182, 253
  • Walpole, Mr., 191
  • Wandsworth Asylum, 249
  • Warburton, Dr., 164, 167, 168, 171, 183
  • Ward, Ned, 73, 75
  • Warneford Asylum, 210, 214
  • Warren, Dr., 107
  • Wastell cake, 53
  • Waterford Asylum, 399, 417
  • Weir, Dr., 156
  • Wells. See Holy
  • Wemyss, General, 324
  • Wesley, John, 108, 109
  • Western, Mr., 149
  • Westminster play, lines on Bethlem, 70
  • Westphal, 448, 478, 479, 480
  • Wexford, cells for lunatics, 411
  • Whipping insane, 7, 41, 42, 43, 57, 95, 513
  • Whitbread, Mr., 191
  • White, Dr., 411
  • ——, Misses, 304
  • White Hart Tavern, 48
  • Whitmer, Dr., 284
  • Whittier, on St. Maree, 19
  • Wiclif, 299
  • Wierus, 35, 37
  • Wilbur, Dr. H. B., 303, 304
  • Wild Murdoch, 19
  • Wilkes, Mr., 98, 103, 418
  • Willes, Mr. Justice, 245
  • Williams, Mr. (afterwards Dr.), visiting physician to the Retreat, 333
  • ——, Dr. Duckworth, 462, 489
  • ——, Dr. W., 448
  • ——, Dr. W., (Denbigh Asylum), 253
  • ——, Mr. R. L., 257
  • Willis, Dr., 107
  • Windmill Hill, 86
  • —— Inn, 84
  • Winslow, Dr. Forbes, 446
  • Witch's bridle, 42
  • Witchcraft, 26, 31, 32, 34, 43
  • Witley, 85
  • "Wodnes" and "Wodman," 6
  • Wolf's flesh, 4
  • Wolsey, 56
  • Wonford Asylum, 466
  • "Wood," 6, 10
  • Wooden statues at Bethlem, 72
  • Woods, Dr. Oscar, 23
  • Woodward, Dr., 302, 445
  • Wordsworth, 54
  • Work, physical importance of, for women, 384
  • Workhouses, 126, 192, 199, 234, 250
  • —— (Irish), 430, 441
  • Wortcunning (Saxon), 1
  • Wortley, Mr. Stuart, 339
  • "Wud," 6
  • Wynn, Mr., 127, 128, 160, 161, 162, 164, 202, 203