The book explains the geological origin and composition of coal, tracing its formation in ancient swampy environments and the folding of strata that produced coal beds. It surveys how coal deposits lie in regions, how they were discovered and brought into use, and describes mining access, mine plans, and the tools and daily tasks of miners. Safety and hazards receive attention, including roof collapses, ventilation, water, and dangerous gases. Processing and distinctions between anthracite and bituminous operations are outlined, and social aspects such as child labor and miners' wages are discussed.