Color Key to North American Birds / with bibliographical appendix

1843. LINSLEY, J. H. A Catalogue of the Birds of Connecticut. Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLIV, pp. 249-274, 302 species. See also Ibid., XLVI, 1844, pp. 50, 51.—1877. MERRIAM, C. H. A Review of the Birds of Connecticut, with Remarks on their Habits. Trans, of the Conn. Acad., IV, pp. 1-165; 292 species.—1887. PLATT, F. A List of the Birds of Meriden, Conn. Trans. Meriden Scientific Assoc, II, 1885-86, pp. 30-53; III, p. 41; 116 species.—1892. AVERILL, C. K., JR., List of Birds Found in the Vicinity of Bridgeport, Connecticut. Bridgeport Scientific Society, 8vo, pp. 1-19, 246 species.—1906. CHAPMAN, F. M. (See New York).—1908. COMMITTEE. A List of the Birds of the New Haven Region. Bull. No. 1, New Haven Bird Club, pp. 1-32; 217 species.

1875. GRINNELL, G. B. Report of a Reconnaissance of the Black Hills of Dakota, made in the summer of 1874. By William Ludlow. Chapter II. Birds, pp. 85-102; 110 species.—1875. HOFFMAN, W. J. List of Birds Observed at Grand River Agency, Dakota Ter., from October 7th, 1872, to June 7th, 1873. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XVIII, pp. 169-175; 79 species.—1877. McCHESNEY, C. E., M. D. Birds of the Coteau des Prairies of Eastern Dakota. Forest and Stream, VIII, pp. 176, 177, 192, 224, 225, 241, 242, 261; 102 species.—1901-2. BENT, A. C. Nesting habits of the Anatidæ in North Dakota. Auk, XVIII, pp; 328-336; XIX, pp. 11-12; 165-174; 16 species.—1908. REAGAN, A. B. The Birds of the Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota. The Auk, XXV, pp. 462-467; 108 species.—1909. VISHER, S. S. A List of the Birds of western South Dakota. The Auk, XXVI, pp. 144-153; 194 species—1911. VISHER, S. S. Annotated List of the Birds of Harding County, Northwestern South Dakota. The Auk, XXVIII, pp. 5-16; 154 species.

1905. RHOADS, S. N., and PENNOCK, C. J. Birds of Delaware: A Preliminary List. Auk, XXII, 1905, pp. 194-205; 211 species. (See also Auk, XXV, 1908, pp. 282-288.)—1897-1908. STONE, W., Editor. Numerous Notes on Delaware Birds. Proc. Del. Valley Orn. Club, Phila.

1883. COUES, E. and PRENTISS, D. W. Avifauna Columbiana, Second Edition. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. No. 26, 8vo, pp. 1-133, many woodcuts, 4 maps, 248 species.—1888. RICHMOND, C. W. An Annotated List of Birds Breeding in the District of Columbia. Auk, V, pp. 18-25; 100 species.—1888. SMITH, HUGH M., and PALMER, WILLIAM. Additions to the Avifauna of Washington, D. C., and Vicinity. Auk, V, pp. 147, 148. Adds 12 species to Coues' and Prentiss' list of 1883.—1898. MAYNARD, L. W. Birds of Washington and Vicinity, with Introduction by Florence A. Merriam. 12mo. 204 pp. Washington, D. C. 291 species.

1883. BAILEY, H. B. Memoranda of a Collection of Eggs from Georgia. Bull. N. O. C., VIII, pp. 37-43; 104 species—1903. SMITH, R. S. Birds of Kirkwood, De Kalb Co., Ga. Wilson Bull., XV, pp. 49-59; 125 species.—1909. HOWELL, A. H. Notes on the Summer Birds of Northern Georgia. Auk, XXVI, pp. 129-137; 76 species.

1871. ALLEN, J. A. On the Mammals and Winter Birds of East Florida. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl., II, pp. 161-450, pll. ix-xiii; 181 species.—1888. CHAPMAN, F. M. A List of Birds Observed at Gainesville, Florida. Auk, V, pp. 267-277; 149 species.—1888-90. SCOTT, W. E. D. A Summary of Observations on the Birds of the Gulf Coast of Florida. Auk, V, pp. 373-379; VI, pp. 13-18, 152-160, 245-252, 318-326; VII, pp. 14-22, 114-120; 262 species.—1890. SCOTT, W. E. D. On Birds Observed at the Dry Tortugas, Florida, during parts of March and April, 1890. Auk, VII, pp. 301-314; 80 species.—1891. BREWSTER, W., and CHAPMAN, F. M. Notes on the Birds of the Lower Suwanee River. Auk, VIII, pp. 125-138; 116 species. (See also Brewster, Ibid., pp. 149-157.)—1892. SCOTT, W. E. D. Notes on the Birds of the Caloosahatchie Region of Florida. Auk, IX, pp. 209-218, 259 species.—1895. WAYNE, A. T. Notes on the Birds of the Wacissa and Aucilla River Regions of Florida. Auk, XII, 1895, pp. 362-367; 161 species.—1896. CORY, C. B. Hunting and Fishing in Florida with a Key to the Water Birds of the State.—1904. WILLIAMS, R. W., JR. A Preliminary List of the Birds of Leon County, Florida. Auk, XXI, 1904, pp. 449-462; 156 species. (See also Ibid., XXIII, pp. 153-161; XXIV, pp. 158, 159.)—1906. FOWLER, H. W. Birds Observed in June in the Florida Keys. Auk, XXIII, pp. 396-400; 33 species.

1891. MERRIAM, C. H. Results of a Biological Reconnaissance of Idaho, south of latitude 45° and east of the thirty-eighth Meridian made during the summer of 1890. N. A. Fauna, No. 5. Annotated List of Birds Observed in Idaho during the Summer and Fall of 1890, with Notes on Species previously Recorded from the State, pp. 90-108; 157 species.—1897-8. MERRILL, J. C. Notes on the Birds of Fort Sherman, Idaho. Auk, XIV, pp. 347-357, XV, pp. 14-22; 159 species.

1855. KENNICOTT, R. Catalogue of Animals Observed in Cook County. Illinois. Trans. Ill., State Agric. Soc. for 1853-54, I, Birds, pp. 580-589; 187 species.—1868. ALLEN, J. A. (See Iowa).—1874. RIDGWAY, R. Catalogue of the Birds Ascertained to Occur in Illinois. Ann. Lyc. Nat. Hist. N. Y., X, pp. 364-394; 311 species.—1876. NELSON, E. W. Birds of Northeastern Illinois. Bull. Essex Inst., VIII, pp. 90-155; 316 species.—1877. NELSON, E. W. Notes upon Birds Observed in Southern Illinois, between July 17 and September 4, 1875. Bull. Essex. Inst., IX, pp. 32-65; 133 species.—1881. RIDGWAY, R. A. Revised Catalogue of the Birds Ascertained to Occur in Illinois. Ills. State Lab. Nat. Hist., Bull. No. 4, pp. 161-208; 352 species.—1884. COOKE, W. W. Bird Migration in the Mississippi Valley, Southern Illinois. Forest and Stream, XXIII, pp. 444, 445, 463, 464; 144 species based on Ridgway's list of 1881, and observations of Cyrus W. Butler in the vicinity of Anna, Ills., during December, 1882, and January 1883.—1887. RIDGWAY, R. List of the Birds Found Breeding Within the Corporate Limits of Mt. Carmel, Illinois. Bull. No. 2, Ridgway Orn. Club, pp. 26-35; 85 species.—1890-1895. RIDGWAY, R. The Ornithology of Illinois. Roy. 8vo, Vol. I, 1890, 520 pp., 32 plls. Land-birds to Gallinæ; Vol. II, 1895, 282 pp., 33 plls. Gallinæ and Water-birds; 363 species.—1891. LOUCKS, W. E. List of Birds Found Breeding in the Vicinity of Peoria, Illinois. The Oölogist, VIII, pp. 224-226; 80 species.—1904. WALTER, H. E. and A. W. Wild Birds in City Parks. Rev. Ed., Chicago. 16mo, 66 pp.; 145 species.—1907. WOODRUFF, F. M. The Birds of the Chicago Area. Chicago Acad. Sci. Bull. VI. Nat. Hist. Surv., 221 pp., 12 plls.; 318 species.—1909. CORY, C. B. Birds of Illinois and Wisconsin. Field Museum, Zoöl. Ser. IX, 8vo. 764 pp. many ills.; 398 species.—1910. HESS, I. E. One Hundred Breeding Birds of an Illinois Ten-Mile Radius. Auk, XXVII, pp. 19-32.

1869. HAYMOND, R. Birds of Franklin County, Indiana. Cox's Geol. Surv. Indiana, Rep. for 1869, pp. 209-235; 163 species.—1886. BUTLER, A. W. A List of the Birds Observed in Franklin Co., Ind. Bull. Brookville Soc. Nat. Hist., No. 2, pp. 12-39. 253 species.—1888-89. EVERMANN, B. W. Birds of Carroll County, Indiana. Auk, V. pp. 344-351; VI, pp. 22-30; 203 species.—1891. BUTLER, A. W. The Birds of Indiana, with Illustrations of Many of the Species. Prepared for the Indiana Horticultural Society and Originally Published in its Transactions for 1890. 8vo, 135 pp.; 305 species.—1898. BUTLER, A. W. The Birds of Indiana, a descriptive Catalogue of the Birds that have been observed within the State with an account of their Habits. Rep. of the State Geologist, pp. 515-1187; 321 species; bibliography. Important.—1906. McATEE, W. L. Ecological Notes on the Birds Occurring within a Radius of Five Miles of the Indiana University Campus. Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., pp. 65-202, 32 ills., 225 species.

1900. BEYER, G. E. The Avifauna of Louisiana. Proc. La. Soc. Nat. 45 pp.; 323 species.—1904. ALLISON, A. The Birds of West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. Auk, XXI, 1904, pp. 472-484; 130 species.—1906. BEYER, G. E., ALLISON, A., KOPMAN, H. H. List of the Birds of Louisiana. Auk, XXIII, 1906, pp. 1-15, 275-281, XXIV, 314-321; XXV, 173-180; 339-448. 128 species to Pici.—1908. HOWELL, A. H. Notes on the Winter Birds of Northern Louisiana Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, XXI, 119-124 pp.; 70 species.

1862. BOARDMAN, G. A. Catalogue of the Birds Found in the Vicinity of Calais, Maine, and about the Islands of the Mouth of the Bay of Fundy. Edited by A. E. Verrill. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., IX, pp. 122-132; 236 + 4 species. (For 12 additions see Verrill, Ibid., pp. 233, 234.)—1862. VERRILL, A. E. Catalogue of the Birds Found at Norway, Oxford Co., Maine. Proc. Essex. Inst., III, pp. 136-160; 159 species.—1872. MAYNARD, C. J. A Catalogue of the Birds of Coos Co., N. H., and Oxford Co., Maine. With notes by Wm. Brewster, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XIV, 1871, pp. 356-385; 164 species.—1882. BROWN, N. C. A Catalogue of the Birds Known to Occur in Portland, Maine. Proc. Portl. Soc. Nat. Hist., Dec. 14, 1882, pp, 1-37; 250 species. (See also Proc. Portl. Soc. Nat. Hist., 1889, pp. 37-40).—1900. HOWE, R. H., JR. Summer Birds near Isleboro and the Fox Islands. Journ. Maine Orn. Soc. II, pp. 28-32, III, pp. 14, 15; IV, p. 18; 100 species.—1908. KNIGHT, O. W. The Birds of Maine, Pub. by Author, Bangor 8vo, 693 pp., 30 ills.; 327 species.

1895. KIRKWOOD, F. C. A List of the Birds of Maryland. Trans. Md. Acad. Sci., 1895, pp. 241-382; 290 species.—1900. MERRIAM, C. H., and PREBLE, E. A. The Summer Birds of Western Maryland. Maryland Geol. Surv., pp. 291-307; 100 species.—1904. EIFRIG, G. Birds of Allegany and Garrett Counties, Western Maryland. Auk, XXI, 1904, pp. 234-250; 180 species.

1870. MAYNARD, C. J. Catalogue of the Birds of Eastern Massachusetts. The Naturalist's Guide, Part II, pp. 81-170; 299 species.—1886. ALLEN, J. A. A Revised List of the Birds of Massachusetts. Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., I, pp. 221-271; 349 species.—1887. CLARK, H. L. The Birds of Amherst and Vicinity, Including Nearly the Whole of Hampshire County, Mass. 8vo. 55 pp.; 177 species—1888. BREWSTER, W. Notes on the Birds of Winchendon, Worcester Co. Auk, V, pp. 386-393; 82 species.—1889. FAXON, W. On the Summer Birds of Berkshire County, Mass. Auk, VI, pp. 39-46, 99-107. Southern Berkshire, 76 species; Graylock Mountain, 80 species.—1889. INGALLS, C. E. Birds of Templeton and the Adjoining Towns. Gardner News, XX, June; 155 species. Not seen; title from Howe and Allen.—1891. COLBURN, W. W., and MORRIS, R. O. The Birds of the Connecticut Valley in Massachusetts. 16mo, 24 pp. Springfield. Published by the Authors. 212 species.—1891. WAKEFIELD, J. R. A List of the Birds of Dedham. Dedham Hist. Reg., II, pp. 70-74; 181 species. Not seen; title from Howe and Allen.—1897. MORSE, A. P. Birds of Wellesley. Published by Author. Wellesley. 16mo, 56 pp.; 224 species.—1900. FAXON, W., and HOFFMANN, R. The Birds of Berkshire Co. Coll. Berkshire Hist. and Sci. Soc., III, pp. 109-166; 200 species.—1901. HOWE, R. H. JR., and ALLEN, G. M. The Birds of Massachusetts. Published by the Authors. 8vo, 154 pp.; 362 species.—1901. MORRIS, R. O.—The Birds of Springfield, Mass., and Vicinity. H. R. Johnson, Springfield. 8vo, 54 pp.; 255 species.—1905. TOWNSEND, C. W. The Birds of Essex County, Massachusetts. Memoirs Nutt. Orn. Club. 4to, 352 pp. Frontispiece and Map; 319 species.—1906. BREWSTER, W. The Birds of the Cambridge Region of Massachusetts. Memoirs Nutt. Orn. Club, IV. 426 pp., plls. 7; 249 species.—1909. WRIGHT, H. W. Birds of the Boston Public Garden. (Houghton, Mifflin), 16mo, 238 pp.; 166 species.—1912. MORSE, A. P. A Pocket List of the Birds of Eastern Massachusetts with especial reference to Essex County. Pp. 92. Peabody Academy Science, Salem.

1857. KNEELAND, S. On the Birds of Keeweenan Point, Lake Superior, Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist, VI, 231-241 pp.; 147 species.—1875. BOIES, A. H. Catalogue of the Birds Ascertained to Occur in Southern Michigan. 8vo, 12 pp.; 211 species.—1876. COVERT, A. B. Birds of Lower Michigan. Forest and Stream, VI, pp. 99, 132, 163, 214, 318, 354, 402; VII, pp. 147, 164, 276. (See also VI, p. 197.) 213 species.—1879. GIBBS, M. Annotated List of the Birds of Michigan. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geograph. Survey of the Territories, V, 3 pp. 481-497; 310 species.—1880. STEERE, J. B. A List of the Mammals and Birds of Ann Arbor and Vicinity. 8vo. 8pp.; 111 species of birds.—1884. ATKINS, H. A. Summer Birds of Locke, Michigan. Orn and Oöl., IX, pp. 43-45; 80 species.—1884. ATKINS, H. A. Winter Birds of Locke, Michigan. Orn and Oöl., IX, pp. 31, 32; 31 species.—1885. ATKINS, H. A. Summer Birds of Locke, Michigan. Orn and Oöl., X, p. 3; 82 species.—1885. GIBBS, M. A Catalogue of the Birds of Kalamazoo County, Michigan. Orn and Oöl., X, pp. 6, 7, 38, 39, 54, 55, 68-70, 86, 87, 118, 119, 133-135, 149-151, 166, 167, 189, 190; 230 species—1885-7. GIBBS, M. The Birds of Michigan. Forest and Stream, XXIII, pp. 483, 484; XXIV, pp. 5, 6, 26, 27, 44, 45, 65, 84, 104, 105, 124, 125, 144, 145, 184, 224, 267, 268, 288, 289, 307, 347, 387, 388, 427; XXV, pp. 4, 5. 304, 305, 365, 366; XXVI, pp. 305, 306; XXVII, pp. 123, 124, 223, 224; 68 species—1890. WHITE, T. G. Birds of Mackinac Island, Michigan. The Oölogist, VII, pp 48, 49; 101 species.—1893. COOK, A. J. Birds of Michigan. Bull. 94, State Agricultural College. 8vo, 148 pp.; 332 species.—1893. WHITE, S. E. Birds Observed on Mackinac Island, Michigan, During the Summers of 1889, 1890, and 1891. The Auk, X, pp. 221-230; 143 species.—1897. BOIES, A. H. Birds of Neebish Island, St. Mary's River, Michigan. Bull. Mich. Orn. Club, I. pp. 17-20, 27-29; 149 species.—1903. SWALES, B. H. Notes on the Winter Birds of Wayne Co., Michigan. Wilson Bull., XIV, pp. 20-24; XV, 1904, p. 82; 71 species.—1903. SWALES, B. H. A List of the Land Birds of Southeastern Michigan. Bull. Mich. Orn. Club, IV, pp. 14-17, 35-40; V, pp. 37-43; 165 species. (See also Wilson Bull. XVII, 1905, pp. 108-114; Auk, XXV, pp. 230-232).—1905. WOOD, N. A., and FROTHINGHAM, E. H. Notes on the Birds of Au Sable Valley, Michigan. Auk, XXII, 1905, pp. 39-154; 103 species.—1906. WOOD, N. A., PEET, M. M., McCREARY, O. Annotated List of the Birds of Porcupine Mountains [89 species] and Isle Royale [81 species], Mich. Rep. Geol. Surv. Mich., 1905, pp. 113-127. See also McCreary, Ibid., pp. 56-57.—1909. BLACKWELDER, E. Summer Birds of Iron County. Auk, XXVI, pp. 363-370; 80 species.—1910. WOOD, J. CLAIRE. Some Winter Birds of the Season 1908-9 in Wayne County. Auk, XXVII, pp. 36-41.—1910. WOOD, N. A., and TINKER, A. D. Notes on Some of the Rarer Birds of Washtenaw County. Auk, XXVII, pp. 129-141; 34 species.—1910. CHANEY, R. W. Summer and Fall Birds of the Hamlin Lake Region, Mason County. Auk, XXVII, pp. 271-279; 119 species.—1911. WOOD, N. A. Expedition to Charity Islands, Lake Huron. Wilson Bull., XXIII, pp. 78-112; 162 species.—1912. BARROWS, W. B. Michigan Bird Life. Special Bull. of Mich. Agric. College. 8vo, pp. xiv + 822; many ills., bibliography; important.

1871. TRIPPE, T. M. Notes on the Birds of Minnesota. Proc. Essex Inst., VI, pp. 113-119; 138 species.—1874. HATCH, P. L. Report on the Birds of Minnesota. Bull. Minn. Acad. Nat. Sci., pp. 43-68; 230 species.—1876. ROBERTS, T. S. A List of Some Birds Observed in the Vicinity of Minneapolis, Minn., not Enumerated in Dr. Hatch's List. The Scientific Monthly (Toledo, Ohio), I, 5, p. 231.—1880. ROBERTS, T. S., and BENNER, F. A Contribution to the Ornithology of Minnesota. Bull. N. O. C., V, pp. 11-20; 86 species.—1881. HATCH, P. L. A List of the Birds of Minnesota. Ninth Ann. Rep. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn., for 1880, 1881, pp. 361-372; 281 species.—1881. ROBERTS, T. S. The Winter Birds of Minnesota. 9th Ann. Rep. Geol. and N. H. Surv. Minn., for 1880-1881, pp 373-383; 52 species.—1883. BRACKETT, F. H. Ornithological Notes from Minnesota. Quart. Journ. Bost. Zoöl. Soc. II, pp. 47-49; III, pp. 7-16; 134 species.—1890. CANTWELL, G. C. A List of the Birds of Minnesota. Orn. and Oöl., XV, p, 129-139. (See also p. 156 and XVI, p. 157); 295 species.—1892. HATCH, P. L. Notes on the Birds of Minnesota. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey of Minn. 8vo, 487 pp.; 302 species.—1904. CURRIER, E. S. Summer Birds of the Leech Lake Region, Minn. Auk, XXI, pp. 29-44; 117 species.—1907. ROBERTS, T. S. List of Birds of Becker Co., Minn., Pioneer Hist. of Becker Co. (Pioneer Press, St. Paul), pp. 159-190; 262 species.—1911. HONYWILL, A. W. JR.—Notes on some Summer and Fall Birds of the Crooked Lake Region. Cass and Crow, Wing Counties, Minn. The Auk, XXVIII, pp. 229-237; 86 species.

1905. STOCKARD, C. R. Nesting Habits of Birds in Mississippi. Auk, XXII, 1905, pp. 146-158, 273-285; 83 species.—1906. ALLISON, A. Notes on the Winter Birds of Hancock Co., Miss., Auk, XXIII, 1906, pp. 44-47; 51 species. Also Ibid., p. 232.—1907. ALLISON, A. Notes on the Spring Birds of Tishomingo County, Miss. Auk, XXIV, pp. 12-25.

1879. SCOTT, W. E. D. Notes on Birds Observed During the Spring Migration in Western Missouri. Bull. N. O. C., IV, pp. 139-147; 148 species.—1884. HURTER J. List of Birds Collected in the Neighborhood of St. Louis, Mo. Orn. and Oöl., IX, pp. 85-87, 95-97. (see also p. 128); 265 species.—1896. WIDMANN, O. The Peninsula of Missouri as a Winter Home for Birds. Auk, XIII, 1896, pp. 216-222.—1907. WIDMANN, O. A Preliminary Catalogue of the Birds of Missouri. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis, XVIII, pp. 1-288; 383 species—1908. WOODRUFF, E. S. Birds of Shannon and Carter Counties, Missouri, Auk, XXV, pp. 191-213; 172 species.

1876. GRINNELL, G. B. Report of a Reconnaissance from Carroll Montana Territory on the Upper Missouri, to the Yellowstone National Park, and Return, made in the summer of 1875 by William Ludlow…. Birds, pp. 72-92; 139 species.—1894. RICHMOND, C. W., and KNOWLTON, F. H. Auk, XI, pp. 298-308; 111 species.—1895. THORNE, P. M. List of Birds observed in the Vicinity of Fort Keogh, Montana, from July 1888, to September 1892. The Auk, XII, pp. 211-219; 139 species.—1901. CARY, M. Birds of the Black Hills. The Auk, XVIII, pp. 231-238; 91 species.—1901. SILLOWAY, P. M. Summer Birds of Flathead Lake. Bull, No. 3 Univ. Mont. 8vo. 83 pp., 16 plls.; 123 species (see also, Ibid, No. 6, pp. 289-308).—1903. SILLOWAY, P. M. The Birds of Fergus County, Montana. Bull. No. 1, Fergus Co. Free High School, Lewiston, Mont. 77 pp., 17 ppls.; 179 species.—1907-8. CAMERON, E. S. The Birds of Custer and Dawson Counties, Montana. The Auk, XXIV, pp. 241-270; 389-406; XXV, pp. 34-56; 192 species.—1911. SAUNDERS, A. A…. A Preliminary List of the Birds of Gallatin County, Montana. The Auk, XXVIII, pp. 26-49; 198 species.—1912. SAUNDERS, A. A. Some Birds of Southwestern Montana. The Condor, XIV, pp. 22-32; 152 species.

1878. AUGHEY, S. Notes on the Nature of the Food of the Birds of Nebraska. First Ann. Rep. U. S. Ent. Com. for the year 1877. Appendix II, pp. 13-62; 252 species.—1883. HALL, A. Spring Birds of Nebraska. Forest and Stream, XX, pp. 265, 266, 284; 114 species.—1888. TAYLOR, W. EDGAR. A Catalogue of Nebraska Birds … Ann. Rep. Nebr. State Board of Agric., for the year 1887, pp. 111-118; 314 species.—1888-89. TAYLOR, E. W., and VAN VLEET, A. H. Notes on Nebraska Birds. Orn. and Oöl., XIII, pp. 49-51, 169-172; XIV, pp. 163-165; 137 species.—1896. BRUNER., L. Notes on Nebraska Birds. Rep. Neb. State Hort. Soc., 1896, pp. 48-178; 415 species.—1901. BRUNER, L. Birds that Nest in Nebraska. Proc. Nebr. Orn. Union, 1901, pp. 48-61; 212 species.—1904. BRUNER, L., WALCOTT, R. H., and SWENK, M. H. A Preliminary Review of the Birds of Nebraska, 1-116+5 p.; 406 species. Klopp and Bartlett, Omaha, Nebr.—1909. WALCOTT, R. H. An Analysis of Nebraska's Bird Fauna. Proc. Neb. Orn. Union, IV, pp. 25-55.

1877. GOODHUE, C. F. The Birds of Webster and Adjoining Towns. Forest and Stream, VIII, pp. 33, 49, 96, 113, 146; 151 species.—1872. MAYNARD, C. J. See Maine.—1887. CHADBOURNE, A. P. A List of the Summer Birds of the Presidential Range of the White Mountains, N. H. Auk, IV, pp. 100-108; 47 species.—1888. FAXON, W., and ALLEN, J. A. Notes on the Summer Birds of Holderness [65 species], Bethlehem [50 species], and Franconia, N. H. [87 species]. Auk, V. pp. 149-155.—1889. ALLEN, F. H. Summer Birds at Bridgewater, N. H. Auk, VI, pp. 76-79.—1882. KNOWLTON, F. H. A Revised List of the Birds of Brandon, Vt. The Brandon Union, February 10, 1882; 149 species.—1899. DEARBORN, N. Preliminary List of the Birds of Belknap and Merrimac Counties, N. H. New Hampshire College, Durham, 8vo, 34 pp.; 175 species.—1900. BATCHELDER, F. W. and FOGG, E. H. Preliminary List of Birds … of Manchester, N. H. Proc. Manchester Inst. Arts and Sci., I, pp. 123-138; 132 species. (See also Proc. for 1901, 1902.)—1900 DEARBORN, N. The Birds of Durham and Vicinity. Cont. Zoöl. Lab. N. H. College Agric. and Mech. Arts, VI, 121 pp., map.—1904. ALLEN, G. M. The Birds of New Hampshire. Proc. Manchester Inst. Arts and Sciences, IV, pp. 23-222; 283 species.—1904. COMEY, A. C. A Partial List of the Summer Birds of Holderness, N. H. Wilson Bull., XVI, 5-9 pp.; 94 species.

1885. BARRELL, H. F. Birds of the Upper Passaic Valley, New Jersey. Orn. and Oöl., X, pp. 21-23, 42, 43; 149 species.—1887. THURBER, E. A List of Birds of Morris County, New Jersey. True Democratic Banner (newspaper), Morristown, N. J., Nov. 10, 17, 24; 205 species.—1894. STONE, W. The Birds of Eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. 8vo, 185 pp. Del. Valley Orn. Club, Phila.; 346 species.—1894. STONE, W. Summer Birds of the Pine Barrens of New Jersey. Auk, XI, 1894, pp. 138-140; 90 species.—1897-1910. STONE, W., Editor. Numerous Notes on Birds of Chiefly Southern New Jersey. Proc. Del. Valley Orn. Club, Phila.—1901. BABSON, W. A. The Birds of Princeton, N. J. Bull. Bird Club, Princeton Univ. I, pp. 7-28; 230 species.—1906. CHAPMAN, F. M. (See New York.)—1907. HOLMES, L. K. Birds Found within a Radius of 12 Miles of Summit, N. J. Wilson Bull. XIX, pp. 21-27; 201 species. See also list of Summer Birds, Ibid., XVII, pp. 8-12; and Hann, List of Summer Birds, Ibid., pp. 117-122.—1909. STONE, W. The Birds of New Jersey. Ann. Rep. N. J. State Museum for 1908, pp. 11-347, 409-419; plls. 1-84.—1909. BAILY, W. L. Breeding Birds of Passaic and Sussex Counties. Cassinia, pp. 29-36; 94 species.

1853. WOODHOUSE, S. W. (See Arizona)—1859. HENRY, T. C. Catalogue of the Birds of New Mexico as compiled from Notes and Observations made while in that Territory during a residence of Six Years. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., XI, pp. 104-109; 198 species.—1885-6. HENSHAW, H. W. List of Birds Observed in Summer and Fall on the Upper Pecos River, New Mexico. Auk, II, pp. 326-333; III, pp. 73-80; 80 species.—1892. ANTHONY, A. W. Birds of Southwestern New Mexico. Auk, IX, pp. 357-369; 129 species.—1898. MITCHELL, W. I. The Summer Birds of San Miguel County, New Mexico. The Auk, XV, pp. 306-311; 85 species. (See also, Bailey, Ibid., XXI, 1904, pp. 443-449).—1904. BAILEY, F. M. Additional Notes on the Birds of the Upper Pecos. The Auk, XXI, pp. 349-363; 93 species.—1906. HUNN, J. T. S. Notes on Birds of Silver City, New Mexico. The Auk, XXIII, pp. 418-425; 112 species.—1908. GILMAN, M. F. Birds on the Navajo Reservation in New Mexico. The Condor, X, pp. 146-152; 108 species.—1912. BERGTOLD, W. H. October Birds of the Headwaters of the Gila River, New Mexico. The Auk, XXIX, pp. 327-336; 76 species.

1844. GIRAUD, J. P., JR. The Birds of Long Island … New York, vol. V, 8vo, 397 pp.; 286 species.—1844. DE KAY, JAMES E. Zoölogy of New York. Part II, Birds. Albany. 1 vol., 4to, xii+380 pp., 141 col. plls.—1876. FOWLER, H. G. Birds of Central New York. Forest and Stream, VI, pp. 180, 233, 284, 337, 402; VII, pp. 36, 52, 84, 230. Also Additions Ibid., p. 180; 170 species.—1877. ROOSEVELT, T., JR., and MINOT, H. D. The Summer Birds of the Adirondacks in Franklin County, N. Y. 8vo, 4 pp.; 97 species.—1879. RATHBUN, FRANK R. A Revised List of Birds of Central New York. (Cayuga, Onondaga, Seneca, Wayne, and Yates Counties, Auburn, N. Y.) 44 pp. See also Orn. and Oöl., VII, 1882, pp. 132, 133; 14 additions.—1879-80. MEARNS, E. A. A List of the Birds of the Hudson Highlands. Bull. Essex. Inst., X, pp. 166-179; XI, pp. 43-52, 154-168, 189-204; XII, pp. 11-25, 109-128; XIII, pp. 75-93. (See also Auk, VII, 1890, pp. 55, 56); 214 species.—1880. GREGG, W. H. Revised Catalogue of the Birds of Chemung County, New York, Elmira, N. Y., O. H. Wheeler; 217 species.—1881-84. MERRIAM, C. H. Preliminary List of Birds Ascertained to Occur in the Adirondack Region, Northeastern New York. Bull. N. O. C., VI, pp. 225-235; and Addenda VII, 1882, pp. 128, 256, 257. Auk, I, 1884, pp. 58, 59; 211 species.—1882. BICKNELL, E. P. A Review of the Summer Birds of a part of the Catskill Mountains, with prefatory remarks on the faunal and floral features of the region. Trans. of the Linn. Soc. of New York, I, pp. 115-168; 90 species.—1885 … HOLLICK, A. Preliminary List of the Birds Known to Breed on Staten Island. Proc. Nat. Sci. Assc. Staten Island. Extra No. 4, December. 67 species.—1886…. BARNUM, M. K. A Preliminary List of the Birds of Onondaga County, N. Y. Bull. of the Biol. Lab. of Syracuse. 8vo, pp. 1-34; 204 species.—1886. RALPH, W. L., and BAGG, E. An Annotated List of the Birds of Oneida County, N. Y., and Its Immediate Vicinity. Trans. Oneida Hist. Soc., III, pp. 101-147; 224 species. (See also Ibid., VII, 1890, pp. 2, 29-232.) Orn. and Col. XIII, 1888, pp. 58, 59. Auk, XI, 1894, pp. 162-164.—1886. WOODRUFF, L. B., and PAINE, A. G., JR. Birds of Central Park, New York City. A Preliminary List. Forest and Stream, XXVI, pp. 386, 387, 487; 121 species.—1889. BERGTOLD, W. H. A List of the Birds of Buffalo and Vicinity. Bull. Buffalo Nat. Field Club, 1, 7, pp. 1-21; 237 species.—1889. DAVISON, J. L. Birds of Niagara County, New York, Forest and Stream, XXXIII, pp. 164, 183, 303; 190 species.—1892. CLUTE, W. N. The Avifauna of Broome Co., N. Y. Wilson Quart., pp. 59-64; 106 species.—1896. SHORT, E. H. Birds of Western New York. F. H. Lattin, Albion, N. Y. 20 pp.; 229 species.—1901. EATON, E. H. Birds of Western New York. Proc. Roch. Acad. IV, 64 pp.; 299 species.—1901. EMBODY, G. O. Birds of Madison County, N. Y. Bull. Dep't. Geol. and Nat. Hist., Colgate University, Hamilton, N. Y. 8vo, 36 pp.; 191 species. (See also Maxon, Auk, XX, p. 263.)—1904. CHAPMAN, F. M. An Annotated List of the Birds Known to Breed within 50 Miles of New York City. Guide Leaflet, No. 14, Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 31 pp., 13 ills.—1906. CHAPMAN, F. M. The Birds of the Vicinity of New York City. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., Guide Leaflet, No. 22, Rev. Ed., 96 pp. Numerous ills.; 353 species.—1907. BRAISLIN, W. C. A List of the Birds of Long Island, N. Y. Abst. Proc. Linnæan Society, N. Y., 1907, pp. 31-123; 364 species. (See also Auk, 1909, pp. 314-316.)—1910. REED, H. D., and WRIGHT, A. H. Vertebrates of the Cayuga Lake Basin. Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., XLVIII, pp. 370-459; 257 species.—1910. WRIGHT, A. H. and ALLEN, A. A. The Increase of Austral Birds at Ithaca. Auk, XXVII, pp. 63-66.—1910. EATON, E. H. Birds of New York. I, Water and Game Birds. 4to, pp. 1-501, col. plls. [by Fuertes] 42. Important.—1912. BAGG, E. Annotated List of the Birds of Oneida County, N. Y., and of the West Canada Creek Valley. Trans. Oneida Hist. Soc. XII, pp. 16-85; 257 species.

1871. COUES, E. Notes on the Natural History of Fort Macon, N. C. and Vicinity. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. XXIII, Birds, pp. 18-47. Also Ibid., 1878, pp. 22-24; 133 species.—1885. BRIMLEY, H. H. and C. S. Summer Birds of Raleigh, N. C. Orn. and Oöl., X. pp. 143, 144; 82 species.—1885.—BRIMLEY, H. H. and C. S. Winter Birds of Raleigh, N. C. Orn. and Oöl., X, p. 128; 72 species.—1886. BREWSTER, W. An Ornithological Reconnaissance in Western North Carolina. Auk, III, pp. 94-112, 173-179; 102 species.—1886. BATCHELDER, C. F. The North Carolina Mountains in Winter. Auk, III, pp. 307-314; 40 species.—1887. ATKINSON, G. F. Preliminary Catalogue of the Birds of North Carolina. Journ. Elisha Mitchell Society, 1887, Part 2, pp. 44-87; 255 species. A compilation with some errors.—1887. CAIRNS, J. S. A List of Birds of Buncombe Co., North Carolina. Orn. and Oöl., XII, pp. 3-6; 169 species.—1887. SENNETT, G. B. Observations in Western North Carolina Mountains in 1886. Auk, IV, pp. 240-245; 29 species.—1888. BRIMLEY, C. S. A List of Birds Known to Breed at Raleigh, N. C. Orn. and Oöl., XIII, pp. 42, 43; 54 species. (See also Ibid., p. 187. Auk, XIV, p. 165.)—1889. CAIRNS, J. S. The Summer Birds of Buncombe County, North Carolina. Orn. and Oöl., XIV, pp. 17-22; 123 species.—1893. BRIMLEY, C. S. Some Additions to the Avifauna of North Carolina, with Notes on Some Other Species. Auk, X, 1893, pp. 241-244; 48 species.—1897. SMITHWICK, J. W. P. Ornithology of North Carolina. Bull. 144, N. C. Agric. Exp. Sta. 193-228; 303 species.—1899. PEARSON, T. G. Preliminary List of Birds of Chapel Hill, N. C. Journ. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., XVI, pp. 33-51; 132 species.—1901. BISHOP, L. B. The Winter Birds of Pea Island, N. C. Auk, XVIII, pp. 260-268; 42 species.—1905. OBERHOLSER, H. C. Notes on the Mammals and Summer Birds of Western North Carolina. Published by Biltmore Forest School. Birds pp. 11-24; 136 species.—1910. PHILIPP, P. B. (see S. C.)

1877 … LANGDON, F. W. A Catalogue of the Birds of the Vicinity of Cincinnati. 8vo, 18 pp. Salem, Mass.; 279 species.—1879. LANGDON, F. W. A Revised List of Cincinnati Birds. Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., I, 4, pp. 167-193. (See also Ibid., III, pp. 121-127; V, 1882, p. 186; VI, 1883, pp. 12-31; 256 species.)—1882. WHEATON, J. M. Report on the Birds of Ohio, Report of the Geological Survey of Ohio, IV, I, pp. 188-628; 298 species.—1891. SMITH, R. W. 000 A List of the Birds of Warren County, Ohio. Journ. Cin. Soc. Nat. Hist., XIV, pp. 105-133; 189 species.—1896. OBERHOLSER, H. C. A Primary List of the Birds of Wayne Co. Bull. Ohio Agric. Exp. Sta. I, 4, pp. 243-354; 183 species.—1902. HENINGER, W. F. A Preliminary List of the Birds of Middle Southern Ohio. Wilson Bulletin, IX, pp. 77-93; 209 species. (See also Ibid., pp. 130-132; XII, 1905, pp. 89-93).—1902. JONES, L. Bird Studies in Lorain Co., Ohio. Wilson Bull., IX, pp. 37-58; also pp. 94-100.—1908. DAWSON, W. L. The Birds of Ohio, 4 to xiv+671 pp. Many illus. Columbus, Wheaton Pub. Co.—1903. FIELD, A. I. Birds of Lecking Co., Ohio. Bull. Sci. Lab. Denison Univ., XV; 203 species.—1903. JONES, L. The Birds of Ohio. A revised Catalogue, Ohio State Acad. of Sci., Special Papers No. 6, 141 pp. 1 map; 318 species.—1906. HENINGER, W. F. A Preliminary List of Birds of Seneca Co., Ohio. Wilson Bull., XVIII. pp. 47-60; 205 species.—1909-10. JONES, L. The Birds of Cedar Point and Vicinity. Wilson Bull., XXI, pp. 55-76, 115-131, 187-202; XXII, pp 25-41, 97-115, 172-182. Note.—Every issue of the Wilson Bulletin (Oberlin, Ohio) contains matter of special interest to bird students in Ohio and the adjoining states.

1839. TOWNSEND, J. K. Narrative of a Journey across the Rocky Mountains to the Columbia River … Philadelphia: Henry Perkins, 134 Chestnut Street. Boston: Perkins and Marvin. 8vo, pp. viii, 352. Appendix: Catalogue of Birds found in the Territory of the Oregon, pp. 331-352.—1860. COOPER, J. G. and SUCKLEY, G. Report upon the Birds Collected on the Survey. Pac. R. R. Rep. Vol. XII, Book 11, pp. 140-291; 216 species observed in Oregon and Washington.—1877. BENDIRE, C. Notes on some of the Birds found in Southeastern Oregon, particularly in the Vicinity of Camp Harney, from November, 1874 to January 1877. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist., XIX, pp. 109-149; 191 species.—1879. MEARNS, E. A. Partial List of the Birds of Fort Klamath, Oregon, Collected by Lieutenant Willis Wittich, U. S. A., with Annotations and Additions by the Collector. Bull. N. O. C., IV, pp. 161-166, 194-199; 111 species.—1880. HENSHAW, H. W. (See Nevada.)—1880. JOHNSON, O. B. List of the Birds of the Willamette Valley, Oregon. Am. Nat. XIV, pp. 485-491, 635-646; 140 species.—1886. ANTHONY, A. W. Field Notes on the Birds of Washington County, Oregon. Auk, III, pp. 161-172; 120 species.—1888. MERRILL, J. C. Notes on the Birds of Fort Klamath, Oregon. With remarks on certain species by William Brewster. Auk, V, pp. 139-146, 251-262, 357-366; 168 species.—1902. ANTHONY, A. W. List of Birds in the Vicinity of Portland, Oregon. Bailey's 'Handbook of Birds of the Western United States,' pp. xliii-xlviii; 145 species.—1902. LORD, W. R. A First Book upon the Birds of Oregon and Washington, 16mo, 304+iv pp. ills. J. K. Gill Co., Portland.—1904. MILLER, L. H. The Birds of the John Day Region, Oregon. The Condor, VI, pp. 100-106; 71 species.—1905. FINLEY, W. L. Among the Sea Birds off the Oregon Coast. The Condor, VII, pp. 110-127; 161-169.—1909. JEWETT, S. G. Some Birds of Baker County, Oregon. The Auk, XXVI, pp. 5-9; 83 species.—1911. Peck, M. E. Summer Birds of Willow Creek Valley, Malheur County, Oregon. The Condor, XIII, pp. 63-69; 74 species.

1844. BAIRD, W. M. and S. F. List of Birds Found in the Vicinity of Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pa. Am. Journ. Sci. and Arts, XLVI, pp. 261-273; 201 species.—1845. BAIRD, S. F. Catalogue of Birds Found in the Neighborhood of Carlisle, Cumberland County, Pa. Lit. Rec. and Journ. Linn. Assoc. of Penna. College, I, pp. 249-257; 203 species.—1861. BARNARD, V. A. A Catalogue of the Birds of Chester County, Pa. Times of Arrival in Spring. Ann. Rep. Smiths. Inst., 1860, pp. 434-438; 191 species—1869. TURNBULL, W. P. The Birds of East Pennsylvania and New Jersey … 1 vol. roy. 8vo, and also 4to, xii+62 pp.; 342 species.—1880. WARREN, H. B. The Birds of Chester County, Pa. Forest and Stream, XIII, pp. 1024, 1025; XIV, pp. 6, 25; 218 species.—1886. PARKER, H. G. List of Birds near Philadelphia with the Dates That Sets of Eggs Were Taken. Orn. and Oöl. XI, pp. 70, 71; 76 species.—1887. PENNOCK, C. J. Birds of Chester County, Pa. The Oölogist. IV, pp. 1-10; 234 species.—1889. RESSEL, C. B. Birds of Chester County, Pa. Orn. and Oöl., XIV, 97-101, pp. 112-116, 129, 130; 199 species.—1890. WARREN, B. H. Report on the Birds of Pennsylvania. With Special Reference to the Food Habits. Second Edition. Harrisburg, 8vo, xiv+434 pp.; 100 col. plls.—1891. STONE, W. The Summer Birds of Harvey's Lake, Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania, with Remarks on the Faunal Position of the Region. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1891, pp. 431-438; 54 species.—1892. DWIGHT, J., JR. Summer Birds of the Crest of the Pennsylvania Alleghanies. Auk, IX, pp. 129-141; 84 species.—1893. JACOBS, J. W. Summer Birds of Greene Co., Pa. 8vo, 15 pages; 90 species. Published by Author, Waynesburg, Pa.—1893. TODD, W. E. C. Summer Birds of Indiana [65 species] and Clearfield [55 species] Counties, Pa. Auk, X, 1893, pp. 35-46.—1894. STONE, W. The Birds of Eastern Pennsylvania and New Jersey. 8vo, vii+185 pp. Del. Valley Orn. Club, Phila. 346 species.—1895. ROTZELL, W. E. Birds of Narbeth, Pa., and Vicinity. The Citizen, June 22 and 29, and reprinted in pamphlet, 8 pp.; 108 species.—1896. BAILY, W. L. Summer Birds of Northern Elk Co. Auk, XIII, pp. 289-197; 69 species.—1896. YOUNG, R. T. Summer Birds of Anthracite Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. Auk, XIII, 1896, pp. 278-285; 59 species—1897. MONTGOMERY, T. H., JR. A List of the Birds of the Vicinity of West Chester, Chester Co., Pa. Am. Nat., 1897, pp. 622-628, 812-814, 907-911; 145 species—1897-1910. STONE, W. Editor. Numerous Notes on and Short Lists of Eastern Pennsylvania Birds. Proc. Del. Valley Orn. Club, Phila.—1899. RHOADES, S. N. Notes on Some of the Rarer Birds of Western Pennsylvania. Auk, XVI, pp. 308-313; 65 species.—1901. BURNS, F. L. A Sectional Bird Census, at Berwyn, Pa. Wilson Bull. No. 36, pp. 84-103; 62 species.—1904. TODD, W. E. C. The Birds of Erie and Presque Isle, Erie Co., Pa. Annals Carnegie Museum, II. pp. 841-596, 4 plates; 237 species.—1904. TODD, W. E. C. The Mammal and Bird Fauna of Beaver County, Pa. Bausman's History of Beaver County, II, 1904, pp. 1195-1202; 178 species.

1899. HOWE, R. H., JR. and STURTEVANT, E. The Birds of Rhode Island. Published by Authors. 8vo, 111 pp.; 291 species.—1908. Commissioners of Birds. A Check-List of Rhode Island Nesting Birds, pp. 1-26; 104 species.

1865-6. DRESSER, H. E. Notes on the Birds of Southern Texas. Ibis., 2nd Ser. I, pp. 312-330, 466-495, II, pp. 23-46; 272 species.—1878. MERRILL, J. C. Notes on the Ornithology of Southern Texas. Being a List of Birds Observed in the Vicinity of Fort Brown, Texas, from February, 1876, to June, 1878. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. I, pp. 118-173; 252 species.—1878. SENNETT, G. B. Notes on the Ornithology of the Lower Rio Grande, Texas, from Observations made during the Season of 1877. Edited, with Annotations, by Dr. Elliott Coues. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geograph. Survey, Vol. IV, pp. 1-66; 151 species.—1879. SENNETT, G. B. Further Notes on the Ornithology of the Lower Rio Grande of Texas, from observations made during the spring of 1878. Edited, with Annotations by Dr. Elliott Coues. Bull. U. S. Geol. and Geograph. Survey of the Territories, V, 3, pp. 371-440; 168 species.—1882. BROWN, N. C. A Reconnaissance in Southwestern Texas. Bull. N. O. C., VII, pp. 33-42! 104+6? species observed near Boerne, Kendall County.—1882. NEHRLING, H. List Of Birds Observed at Houston, Harris, Texas and vicinity, and in the Counties Montgomery, Galveston, and Ford Bend. Bull Nutt. Orn. Club, VII, pp. 6-13, 166-175, 222-225; 209 species.—1887. LLOYD, W. Birds of Tom Green and Concho Counties, Texas. Auk, IV, pp. 181-193, 289-299; 253 species.—1888. BECKHAM, C. W. Observations on the Birds of southwestern Texas. Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., X, 1887, pp. 635-696; 283 species.—1891. CHAPMAN, F. M. On the Birds Observed near Corpus Christi, Texas, during parts of March and April, 1891. Bull Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., III, pp. 315-328; 33+66 species.—1892. ATTWATER, H. P. List of Birds Observed in the vicinity of San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. Auk, IX, pp. 229-238; 337-345; 242 species.—1892. RHOADS, S. N. The Birds of Southeastern Texas and Southern Arizona, Observed during May, June, and July, 1891. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., pp. 98-126. Annotated lists of 100+8 species observed at Corpus Christi, and 124+2 species observed in Southern Arizona.—1900. CARROLL, J. J. Notes on the Birds of Refugio County, Texas. The Auk, pp. 337-348.—1905. MONTGOMERY, T. H. JR. Summer Resident Birds of Brewster County, Texas. The Auk, XXII, pp. 12-15; 47 species.—1911. LACEY, H. The Birds of Kerrville, Texas, and Vicinity. The Auk, XXVIII, pp. 200-219; 202 species.