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Darwin

Chapter 49: CHAPTER VI: THE DESTROYER
By Gamaliel Bradford
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About This Book

A character study traces the naturalist's development from curious child and Beagle voyage naturalist to a lifelong investigator at Down, interweaving personal life—marriage, family, chronic ill health—with scientific labor leading to the theory of evolution by natural selection and later work on human descent. The author organizes the life into thematic chapters—observer, thinker, discoverer, loser, lover, destroyer, scientific spirit—examining habits of observation, experimental method, controversies surrounding publication, and the moral and emotional dimensions of scientific pursuit, balancing description of daily routines and experiments with reflections on intellectual impact and the tensions between private affliction and public achievement.

[337] Life, vol. I, p. 197.

[338] To Hooker, November, 1863, Life, vol. II, p. 186.

[339] To Henslow, May 6, 1849, More Letters, vol. I, p. 66.

[340] Life, vol. I, p. 96.

[341] Diary, 1892-1895, August 6, 1892, vol. I, p. 80.

[342] Emma Wedgwood to Madame Sismondi, November 15, 1838, Family Letters, vol. II, p. 7.

[343] To Hooker, April 10, 1846, More Letters, vol. I, p. 416.

[344] To Murray, 1859, Life, vol. I, p. 532.

[345] Life, vol. I, p. 99.

[346] Life, vol. I, p. 98.

[347] Life, vol. I, p. 99.

[348] Reminiscences, in Harper’s Magazine, December, 1909, vol. CXX, p. 17.

[349] Grant Duff, Diary, 1896-1901, vol. I, p. 307.

[350] Life, vol. I, p. 118.

[351] Life, vol. I, p. 115.

[352] Life, vol. I, p. 28.

[353] November, 1855, More Letters, vol. I, p. 87.

[354] To Hooker, September 27, 1865, Life, vol. II, p. 223.

[355] Family Letters, vol. II, p. 118.

[356] January 20, 1839, More Letters, vol. I, p. 29.

[357] Ibid.

[358] Family Letters, vol. II, p. 48.

[359] September 5, 1862, More Letters, vol. I, p. 204.

[360] More Letters, vol. I, p. 30.

[361] Ibid.

[362] Life, vol. I, p. 135.

[363] To Madame Sismondi, February, 1840, Family Letters, vol. II, p. 51.

[364] Life, vol. I, p. 109.

[365] Family Letters, vol. II, p. 253.

[366] To Gray, July 23, 1862, More Letters, vol. I, p. 202.

[367] Diary of Thomas Moore, August 29, 1822, vol. III, p. 367.

[368] Life, vol. I, p. 112.

[369] Life, p. 111.

[370] Life, vol. I, p. 115.

[371] Life, vol. I, p. 10.

[372] Life, vol. I, p. 76.

[373] Family Letters, vol. II, p. 44.

[374] December 18, 1861, More Letters, vol. II, p. 281.

[375] To Wallace, February 27, 1868, More Letters, vol. I, p. 289.

[376] Life, vol. I, p. 115.

[377] Krause, p. 29.

[378] Life, vol. I, p. 31.

[379] Life, vol. I, p. 119.

[380] Life of Sir John Lubbock, Lord Avebury, by Horace G. Hutchinson, vol. I, p. 40.

[381] To Hooker, July 28, 1859, More Letters, vol. I, p. 126.

[382] To Hooker, April 14, 1855, Life, vol. I, p. 415.

[383] To Hooker, November 5, 1853, Life, vol. I, p. 356.

[384] September 11, 1859, Life, vol. I, p. 520.

[385] To Hooker, May 25, 1870, Life, vol. II, p. 306.

[386] To Müller, June 21, 1881, More Letters, vol. II, p. 369.

[387] Huxley to Mivart, November 12, 1885, Life of Huxley, vol. II, p. 122.

[388] To Hooker, July 2, 1860, Life, vol. II, p. 116.

CHAPTER VI: THE DESTROYER

[389] To Hooker, December 5, 1863, More Letters, vol. II, p. 337.

[390] Life, vol. I, p. 279.

[391] Descent, p. 145.

[392] In Life, vol. II, p. 245.

[393] To Hooker, July 13, 1856, More Letters, vol. I, p. 94.

[394] In Nature, 1882, vol. XXVI, p. 5, quoted in Encyclopædia Brittanica (edition 1884), Supplement, article Darwinism.

[395] Origin, p. 429.

[396] To Gray, September 17, 1861, Life, vol. II, p. 170.

[397] To Hooker, March 29, 1863, Life, vol. II, p. 202.

[398] Descent of Man, p. 121.

[399] Descent of Man, p. 612.

[400] Origin, p. 164.

[401] Descent of Man, p. 100.

[402] Life, vol. II, p. 347.

[403] To Hooker, February 9, 1865, More Letters, vol. I, p. 260.

[404] To Lyell, August 21, 1861, More Letters, vol. I, p. 194.

[405] To Gray, May 22, 1860, Life, vol. II, p. 105.

[406] Descent of Man, p. 612.

[407] Animals and Plants, vol. II, p. 428.

[408] Family Letters, vol. II, p. 196.

[409] To Scherzer, December 26, 1879, Life, vol. II, p. 413.

[410] August Weisman, The Evolution Theory (Translation Thomson), vol. II, p. 364.

[411] Address on Darwin Centenary, in Contemporary Review, July, 1909, vol. XCVI, p. 21.

[412] Herbert Spencer, An Autobiography, vol. II, p. 548.

[413] The Earth Speaks, p. 63.

[414] In Boston Herald, June 3, 1926.

[415] Lull, p. 146.

[416] Saturday Review of Literature, editorial, May 29, 1926.

[417] Reverend Charles G. Finney, Memoirs, Written by Himself, p. 171.

[418] Jules Lemaître, Impressions de Théâtre, vol. IV, p. 114.

[419] Life, vol. II, p. 239.

[420] Answers to Questions, in Boston Herald, January 4, 1926.

[421] To Hooker, January 19, 1865, More Letters, vol. I, p. 260.

[422] Evolution, p. 247.

[423] Conklin, Evolution, p. 240.

[424] La Grande Duchesse de Gérolstein, act IV, scene 3.

[425] Palinodia.

[426] La Ginestra.

[427] Ernest Renan, Drames Philosophiques, p. 174.

[428] Ernest Renan, Drames Philosophiques, p. 178.

[429] Anatole France Himself, by J. J. Brousson (translation Pollock), p. 71.

[430] The Mysterious Stranger, p. 150.

[431] Sopra un Basso Relievo Antico Sepolcrale.

CHAPTER VII: THE SCIENTIFIC SPIRIT

[432] To Scott, June 6, 1863, More Letters, vol. II, p. 323.

[433] To Huxley, More Letters, vol. I, p. 125.

[434] Hooker on Darwin, Life, vol. I, p. 315.

[435] To Huxley, July 20, 1860, More Letters, vol. I, p. 158.

[436] To Günther, May 15, 1870, Life, vol. II, p. 303.

[437] To Dohrn, January 4, 1870, More Letters, vol. II, p. 444.

[438] Science and the Modern World, p. 255.

[439] Article by J. E. Harry, on the Helena of Euripides, in Journal of American Philology, October, 1925, vol. XLVI, p. 332.

[440] Speech at Royal Society Anniversary Dinner, 1894, Huxley, Life, vol. II, p. 413.

[441] To Hooker, July 28, 1868, More Letters, vol. I, p. 305.

[442] To Farrar, August 28, 1881, More Letters, vol. I, p. 394.

[443] To Hooker, March 3, 1860, Life, vol. II, p. 85.

[444] To Lubbock, November 12, 1859, Life, vol. II, p. 14.

[445] To Carpenter, November 19, 1859, Life, vol. II, p. 19.

[446] To Madame d’Epinay, July 6, 1766, Correspondance de Voltaire (edition 1881), vol. XII, p. 329.

[447] To Hooker, 1856, More Letters, vol. I, p. 90.

[448] To Wiesner, October 25, 1881, Life, vol. II, p. 508.

[449] To Bentham, November 25, 1869, More Letters, vol. I, p. 379.

[450] To Wilson, March 5, 1879, More Letters, vol. II, p. 422.

[451] Darwin to Wallace, August 8, 1872, Life, vol. II, p. 348.

[452] Vallery-Radot, Pasteur, p. 22.

[453] To Henslow, April 1, 1848, More Letters, vol. I, p. 61.

[454] Portraits Littéraires, vol. III, p. 546.

[455] Port-Royal, vol. I, p. 55.

[456] Causeries du Lundi, vol. II, p. 268.

[457] Portraits Contemporains (1882), vol. V, p. 461.

[458] Portraits Littéraires, vol. III, p. 543.

[459] Portraits Contemporains (1882), vol. V, p. 465.

[460] Portraits Contemporains (1882), vol. V, p. 464.

[461] Portraits Littéraires, vol. III, p. 543.

[462] Journal des Goncourts, vol. II, p. 134.

[463] Conversations with Eckermann, quoted in William James, Varieties of Religious Experience, p. 137.

[464] Port-Royal, vol. VI, p. 245.

[465] To Helvetius, January 5, 1740, Correspondance (edition 1881), vol. III, p. 356.

[466] Quoted by Sainte-Beuve, Causeries du Lundi, vol. VII, p. 47.

[467] Tristram Shandy, Book VII, chapter XXXIII.

[468] Maximen und Reflexionen, chapter III.

[469] Journal de Henri Frédéric Amiel, vol. I, p. 129.

[470] Discoveries, in Jonson’s Works (edition Cunningham), vol. III, p. 401.

[471] Homeric Epigrams (edition Baumeister), V.