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De Re Metallica, Translated from the First Latin Edition of 1556

Chapter 47: INDEX TO PERSONS AND AUTHORITIES.
By Georg Agricola
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About This Book

A comprehensive technical treatise on mining and metallurgy, organized into systematic sections that explain prospecting and extraction methods, mine construction and ventilation, ore dressing and smelting procedures, furnaces and tools, water management and mechanical devices, assaying and refining. The text combines practical observation, detailed descriptions of equipment and workflows, and schematic illustrations to guide extraction, processing, and safety. Appendices and annotations clarify measurements, terminology, and historical techniques. Emphasis falls on empirical methods, step-by-step processes, and improvements in efficiency and worker safety, offering a handbook-like survey of pre-modern metallurgical technology and operative knowledge.

INDEX TO PERSONS AND AUTHORITIES.

Note.—The numbers in heavy type refer to the Text; those in plain type to the Footnotes, Appendices, etc.

  • Bacon, Roger, XXX; 609
  • Badoarius, Franciscus, XXVII
  • Balboa, V. N. de, V
  • Ballon, Peter, 559
  • Barba, Alonso, 300; 1
  • Barbarus, Hermolaus, XXVII
  • Barrett, W. F., 38
  • Becher, J. J., 53
  • Bechius, Philip, XV
  • Beckmann, Johann.
    • Alumen, 565
    • Amalgamation, 297
    • Nitrum, 559
    • Parting with nitric acid, 461
    • Stamp-mills, 281
    • Stannum, 473
    • Tin, 412
  • Bergbüchlein (see Nützlich Bergbüchlin).
  • Bergwerks lexicon, 37; 80; 81
  • Berman, Lorenz, VI; 597
  • Bermannus, 596; 599; VI
  • Berthelot, M. P. E., 429; 609
  • Berthier, 492
  • Bias of Priene.
  • Biringuccio, Vannuccio, 614
    • Agricola indebted to, XXVII
    • Amalgamation of silver ores, 297
    • Assaying, 220
    • Assay ton, 242
    • Brass making, 410
    • Clarifying nitric acid, 443
    • Copper refining, 536
    • Copper smelting, 405
    • Cupellation, 466
    • Liquation, 494
    • Manganese, 586
    • Parting precious metals, 451; 461; 462
    • Roasting, 267
    • Steel making, 420
    • Zaffre, 112
  • Boeckh, August, 28
  • Boerhaave, Hermann, XXIX
  • Borlase, W. C.
    • Bronze celts, 411
  • Borlase, William.
    • Cornish miners in Germany, 283
  • Born, Ignaz Edler von, 300
  • Boussingault, J. B., 454
  • Boyle, Robert.
    • Divining rod, 38
  • Brough, Bennett, 129
  • Bruce, J. C., 392
  • Brunswick, Duke Henry of (see Henry, Duke of Brunswick).
  • Budaeus, William (Guillaume Bude), 461; 606
  • Cadmus, 27
  • Calbus (see also Nützlich Bergbüchlin), 610; XXVI; XXVII
    • Alluvial gold, 75
  • Caligula.
    • Gold from auripigmentum, 111
  • Callides (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Callimachus.
    • On wealth, 19
  • Camerarius, VIII
  • Canides (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Carew, Richard.
    • Cornish mining law, 85
    • Cornish ore-dressing, 282
  • Carlyle, W. A.
    • Ancient Rio Tinto smelting, 405
  • Carne, Joseph.
    • Cornish cardinal points, 57
  • Casibrotius, Leonardus, VI
  • Castigationes in Hippocratem et Galenum, 605
  • Castro, John de, 570
  • Chabas, F. J., 129
  • Chaloner, Thomas, 570
  • Chanes (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Charles V. of Spain, IX
    • Agricola sent on mission to, X
  • Chevreul, M. E., 38
  • Chronik der Stadt Freiberg, 606
  • Cicero.
    • Divining rod, 38
    • Wealth of, 15
  • Cincinnatus L. Quintius, 23
  • Circe.
    • Magic rod, 40
  • Cleopatra.
  • Collins, A. L. 119
  • Columbus, Christopher, V
  • Columella, Moderatus, XXV; XXVI
  • Comerius, XXVII; XXIX
  • Commentariorum ... Libri VI., 604
  • Conrad (Graf Cuntz von Glück), 23; 24
  • Corduba, Don Juan De, 300
  • Cortes, Hernando, V
  • Cramer, John, 236
  • Crassus, Marcus.
    • Love of gold, 9
  • Crates, the Theban.
    • Money despised by, 15
  • Croesus, King of Lydia.
    • Mines owned by, 26; 27
  • Ctesias.
    • Divining rod, 38
  • Ctesibius.
  • Curio, Claudius.
    • Love of gold, 9
  • Curius, Marcus.
    • Gold of Samnites, 9; 15
  • Elizabeth, Queen of England.
    • Charters to alum makers, 283; 570
    • Dedication of Italian De Re Metallica to, XV
    • Importation of German miners, 283; 570
  • Eloy, N. F. J., 599
  • Entzelt (Enzelius, Encelio), 615
  • Erasmus, VI; VIII; XIV
  • Ercker, Lazarus.
    • Amalgamation, 300
    • Liquation, 491; 505
    • Nitric acid preparation, 443
    • Parting gold and silver, 444; 451
  • Eriphyle.
    • Love of gold, 9
  • Ernest, Elector of Saxony, VIII
  • Euripides.
    • Amber mentioned by, 35
    • Plutus, 8; 7
  • Ezekiel, Prophet.
  • Fabricius, George.
    • Agricola's death, X
    • Friendship with Agricola, VIII
    • Laudatory poem on Agricola, XXI
    • Letters, IX; X; XIV; XV
    • Posthumous editor of Agricola, 603; 606
  • Fairclough, H. R., III
  • Farinator, Mathias, XXVI
  • Ferdinand, King of Austria.
    • Agricola sent on mission to, X
    • Badoarius sent on mission to, XXVII
  • Ferguson, John.
    • Editions of De Re Metallica, XVI; 599
  • Feyrabendt, Sigmundi, XV
  • Figuier, L., 38
  • Flach, Jacques.
    • Aljustrel tablet, 83
  • Florio, Michelangelo, XV
  • Förster, Johannes, VI
  • Francis, Col. Grant, 267; 283
  • Francis I., King of France, IX
  • Frederick, Elector of Saxony, VIII; IX
  • Froben, Publisher of De Re Metallica, XIV; XV
  • Frontinus, Sextus Julius, 87
  • Galen.
    • Agricola's revision of, 605; VI
    • Lemnian earth, 31
    • Mention by Agricola, 2
  • Galerazeya sive Revelator Secretorum, etc., 606
  • Gama, Vasco da, V
  • Ganse (Gaunse), Joachim, 267; 283
  • Gatterer, C. W., 599
  • Geber, XXVII; XXX; 609
    • Alum, 569
    • Assaying, 219
    • Cementation, 459
    • Cupels, 466
    • Nitric acid, 460
    • Origin of metals, 44
    • Precipitation of silver nitrate, 443
  • Genesis, Book of, XII; 43
  • George, Duke of Saxony, IX; 310; 310
  • Gesner, Conrad, 52
  • Gibbon, Edward, 119
  • Glauber, J. R., 410
  • Glück, Cuntz von (see Conrad).
  • Gmelin, J. F., 84
  • Göcher, C. G., 599
  • Godolphin, Sir Francis, 282
  • Gowland, William.
  • Graecus, Marcus.
    • Saltpetre, 562
  • Grommestetter, Paul, 281
  • Grymaldo, Leodigaris, XVI
  • Gyges, King of Lydia.
    • Mines owned by, 26; 27
  • Jacobi, G. H.
  • Jagnaux, Raoul.
    • Ancient zinc, 409
  • Jason.
    • Golden fleece, 330
  • Jeremiah.
    • Bellows, 362
    • Cupellation, 465
    • Lead smelting, 391
    • Nitrum, 558
  • Jezebel.
    • Use of antimony, 428
  • Job.
    • Refining silver, 465
  • Johannes (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • John, Elector of Saxony, IX
  • John, King of England.
    • Mining claims, 85
  • John Frederick, Elector of Saxony, IX
  • Josephus.
    • Dead Sea bitumen, 33
  • Jove.
    • Danae legend, 10
  • Justin, 36
  • Juvenal.
    • Money, 10
  • Lampadius, G. A., 462
  • Lasthenes.
    • Love of gold, 9
  • Latin Grammar (Agricola), 605
  • Leonardi, Camilli, 615
  • Leupold, Jacob, XV; 599
  • Leviticus.
    • Leprosy of walls, 562
  • Lewis, G. R, 84
  • Lewis, 454
  • Libavis, Andrew, 410
  • Lieblein, J. D. C., 129
  • Linnaeus, Charles, 559
  • Livy.
    • Hannibal's march over the Alps, 119
  • Lohneys, G. E.
  • Lucretia, daughter of Agricola, VII
  • Lucretius.
    • Forest fires melting veins, 36
  • Lully, Raymond, XXVII; XXX
  • Luscinus, Fabricius.
  • Luther, Martin, V; VI; VIII; IX
  • Lycurgus (Athenian orator).
    • Prosecution of Diphilos, 27; 83
  • Lycurgus (Spartan legislator).
    • Wealth prohibited by, 9; 15
  • Magellan, F. de, V
  • Maltitz, Sigismund, 312
  • Manlove, Edward, 70; 85
  • Marbodaeus, 615
  • Marcellinus, Ammianus.
    • On Thucydides, 23
  • Marcellus, Nonius, XXXI
  • Maria the Jewess, XXVII; XXVIII
  • Mathesius, Johann.
    • Cobalt, 214
    • Conrad mentioned by, 24
    • De Re Metallica, XIV
    • King Hiram's mines, 214
  • Matthew Paris.
  • Maurice, Elector of Saxony, XXV; VIII; IX; X
  • Mawe, J., 70
  • Maximilian, Emperor, 23; 24
  • Meissen, Dukes of (see under personal names: Albert, Henry, etc.).
  • Melanchthon.
    • Relations with Agricola, VIII; X
  • Menander.
    • Riches, 8
  • Mercklinus, G. A., 599
  • Mercury (see Hermes).
  • Merlin (magician), XXVII; XXX
  • Meurer, Wolfgang.
    • Letters, IX; X
  • Meyer, Ernst von, 248; 569
  • Meyner, Matthias, VII
  • Midas, King of Lydia.
    • Mines owned by, 26; 27
  • Miller, F. B., 462
  • Minerva.
    • Magic rod, 40
  • Morris, W. O'C., 119
  • Mosellanus, Petrus, VI
  • Moses.
  • Müller, Max.
    • Ancient iron, 421
  • Olympiodorus (alchemist), XXVII; XXX
  • Oppel, van (see Van Oppel).
  • Orus Chrysorichites (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Osthanes (alchemist), XXVII; XXIX
  • Otho the Great, 6
  • Otho, Prince, 6
  • Ovid.
    • Mining censured by, 7
  • Pandulfus Anglus, XXVI
  • Pantaenetus.
    • Demosthenes' oration against, 27; 83
  • Pantheus, Augustinus (alchemist), XXVII
  • Paracelsus, XIV; XXX
  • Paris, Matthew (see Matthew Paris).
  • Pebichius (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Pelagius (alchemist), XXVII
  • Pennent, Thomas, 570
  • Percy, John.
  • Peregrinus, Petrus.
    • Compass, 57
  • Petasius (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Petrie, W. M. F.
    • Egyptian iron, 421
    • Mt. Sinai copper, 402
  • Pettus, Sir John, XVI; 283
  • Phaenippus.
    • Demosthenes' oration against, 27; 83
  • Phaeton's sisters, 35
  • Pherecrates, XXVI
  • Philemon.
    • Riches, 7
  • Philip of Macedonia, 27
  • Philip, Peter, 282
  • Phillips, J. A., 410
  • Philo.
    • Lost work on mining, XXVI
  • Phocion.
    • Bribe of Alexander, 9; 15
  • Phocylides.
    • Gold, 7
  • Photius, 279
    • Fire-setting, 118
  • Pindar.
  • Pius II, Pope.
    • Alum maker, 570
  • Pizarro, F., V
  • Plateanus, Petrus, XIV
  • Plautus.
  • Pliny (Caius Plinius Secundus), XXVI; 608
    • Alluvial mining, 331; 333
    • Alum, 566
    • Amalgamation, 297
    • Amber, 35
    • Antimony, 428
    • Argol, 234
    • Arrhenicum, 111
    • Asbestos, 440
    • Bitumen, 33; 583
    • Brass, 410
    • British miners, 83
    • Cadmia, 112
    • Cementation, 459
    • Chrysocolla, 560
    • Copper flowers and scales, 233; 538
    • Copper smelting, 404
    • Cupellation, 466
    • Drainage of Spanish mines, 149
    • Electrum, 458
    • Fire-setting, 118
    • Galena, 476
    • Glass, 585; 586
    • Hannibal's silver mine, 42; 42
    • Hoisting ore, 157; 157
    • Iron, 11
    • Jew-stone, 115
    • Lead, 392
    • Lemnian earth, 31
    • Litharge, 475; 466; 501
    • Lodestone, 115
    • Manganese (?), 586
    • Metallurgical appliances, 355
    • Misy, 573
    • Molybdaena, 466; 476
    • Naphtha, 583
    • Nitrum, 560
    • Ore-dressing, 281
    • Outcrops, 65
    • Pompholyx, 396
    • Protection from poison, 215
    • Quicksilver, 433
    • Red-lead, 232
    • Roasting, 267
    • Sal-ammoniac, 560
    • Salt from wood, 558
    • Silver-lead smelting, 392
    • Sory, 573
    • Spodos, 396
    • Stannum, 473
    • Tin, Spanish, 412
    • Tophus, 233
    • Touchstone, 256; 253
    • Turfs in sluices, 331; 332
    • Vena, 43
    • Ventilation with wet cloths, 210; 210
    • Verdigris, 440
    • Vitriol, 572
    • White-lead, 440
  • Plutarch, 25
  • Pluto, 216
  • Polybius.
    • Ore washing, 281
    • Silver-lead smelting, 392; 465
  • Polymnestor, King of Thrace.
    • Love of gold, 9; 16
  • Pörtner, Hans, 281
  • Posepny, Franz, 53
  • Posidonius.
    • Asphalt and naphtha, 584
    • Drainage of Spanish mines, 149
    • Silver from forest fires, 36
  • Priam, King of Troy.
    • Gold mines of, 26; 27
  • Probierbüchlein, 612; XXVI
    • Amalgamation, 297
    • Antimony, 420
    • Assaying, 220
    • Assay ton, 242
    • Bismuth, 433
    • Cementation, 454
    • Nitric acid, 439
    • Parting, 461; 462; 463
    • Precipitation of silver nitrate, 443
    • Residues from distillation of nitric acid, 235; 443
    • Roasting, 267
    • Stock fluxes, 235; 236
    • Touchstone, 253
  • Propertius.
  • Pryce, William.
    • Adam's fall, 353
    • Divining rod, 38
    • Juices, 1
    • Ore-deposits, 53
    • Stamp-mill, 282
    • Stringers, 70
  • Psalms.
    • Silver refining, 465
  • Pulsifer, Wm. H., 391
  • Pygmalion.
    • Love of gold, 9; 16
  • Salmoneus.
    • Lightning, 11
  • Sandwich, Earl of, trans. Barba's book, 300
  • Sappho.
    • Wealth, 19
  • Savery, Thomas, 149
  • Saxony, Dukes and Electors of.
  • Schliemann, H., 391
  • Schlüter, C. A.
    • Artificial zinc vitriol, 572
    • Copper refining, 535
    • Cupellation, 464
    • Liquation, 491; 505
    • Parting with sulphur, 462
  • Schmid, F. A., V; XV; 599
  • Schnabel and Lewis, 465
  • Scott, Sir Walter.
    • "Antiquary," 300
  • Seneca.
    • Wealth of, 15
  • Seneferu.
    • Copper mines, 402
  • Seti I.
    • Map of mine, 129
  • Shaw, Peter, XXVIII
  • Shoo King.
  • Shutz, Christopher, 283
  • Sigfrido, Joanne.
    • Ed. Agricola's works, XV
  • Socrates.
  • Solinus, C. Julius.
  • Solomon, King.
    • Cobalt in mines, 214
  • Solon.
    • Scarcity of silver under, 27
  • Sosias, the Thracian.
    • Slaves employed by, 25
  • Stahl, G. E., 53
  • Staunton, Sir George, 409
  • Stephanus (alchemist), XXVII; XXX
  • Stephenson, George, 149
  • Strabo, 607
    • Arsenical minerals, 111
    • Asbestos, 440
    • Asphalt, 584; 33
    • Bellows, 362
    • Cementation, 458
    • Cupellation, 465
    • Drainage of Spanish mines, 149
    • Forest fires melting veins, 36
    • High stacks, 355
    • Lydian mines, 26; 27
    • Mt. Laurion, 27
    • Silver-lead smelting, 391
    • Spanish ore-washing, 281
    • Zinc (?), 409
  • Strato.
  • Struve, B. G., 599
  • Synesius (alchemist), XXVII; XXIX
  • Tantalus, 27
  • Taphnutia (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Tapping, Thomas, 85
  • Thales of Miletus.
    • Amber, 35
  • Themistocles.
    • Athenian mine royalties, 27
  • Theodor, son of Agricola, VII
  • Theognis.
    • Cupellation, 465
    • On greed, 18
    • Plutus, 8
    • Refining gold, 399
  • Theological Tracts (Agricola), 605
  • Theophilus (alchemist), XXVII; XXVIII
  • Theophilus the Monk, 609
    • Brass making, 410
    • Calamine, 112
    • Cementation, 459
    • Copper refining, 536
    • Copper smelting, 405
    • Cupels, 466
    • Divining rod, 38
    • Liquation, 494
    • Metallurgical appliances, 355
    • Parting with sulphur, 461
    • Roasting, 267
  • Theophrastus, XII; 607
    • Amber, 35
    • Arsenical minerals, 111
    • Asbestos, 440
    • Assaying, 219
    • Coal, 34
    • Copper minerals, 110
    • Copper ore, 403
    • Emery, 115
    • Lodestone, 115
    • Lost works, XXVI; 403
    • Origin of minerals, 44
    • Parting precious metals, 458
    • Quicksilver, 297; 432
    • Touchstone, 252
    • Verdigris, 440
    • Vermilion, 232
    • White-lead, 391; 440
  • Thompson, Lewis, 462
  • Thoth.
    • Hermes Trismegistos, XXIX
  • Thotmes III.
  • Thucydides.
  • Tibullus.
    • Wealth condemned by, 16
  • Timocles.
    • Riches, 8
  • Timocreon of Rhodes.
    • Plutus, 7
  • Tournefort, Joseph P. De, 566
  • Tubal Cain.
    • Instructor in metallurgy, 353
  • Tursius, 24
  • Twain, Mark.
  • Typographia Mysnae et Toringiae, 605
  • Ulloa, Don Antonio De, 298
  • Ulysses.
    • Magic rod, 40
  • Wallerius, J. G., 234; 273
  • Watt, James, 149
  • Watt, Robert, XXVII
  • Wefring, Basilius, XIV
  • Weindle, Caspar, 119
  • Weinart, B. G., 599
  • Weller, J. G., V
  • Werner, A. G., XIII; 53
  • Wilkinson, J. Gardner.
    • Bitumen, 582
    • Egyptian bellows, 362
    • Egyptian gold-washing, 279
  • Williams, John, 53
  • Winkler, K. A., 464
  • Wrotham, William de, 85; 413; 473
  • Xenophon.
    • Athenian mines, 28; 83; 27; 29
    • Fruitfulness of mines, 6
    • Mining companies, 90
    • Mine slaves, 25; 28
    • Quoted by Agricola, 26; 28