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Demobilization

Chapter 28: INDEX
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About This Book

A detailed account presents the processes and challenges of standing down a large wartime force, describing how personnel were processed, discharged, and transported home while camps, hospitals, and cemeteries were managed. It surveys soldier welfare programs, vocational training, and reemployment efforts designed to ease transition to civilian life. The work also explains the inventorying, storage, disposal, and sale of war materiel—ordnance, artillery, ammunition, aircraft, technical and quartermaster supplies—along with the handling of buildings, lands, and foreign liquidation. Administrative procedures, logistical transport, contract settlement, and the financial accounting of demobilization are documented using official records and contemporary photographs.

  • Aberdeen Proving Ground, 176
  • Abuse of Uniform, 109–110
  • Agriculture, Department of:
  • Army supplies transferred to, 43, 275–276
  • Army surplus nitrate sold by, 274
  • Aircraft:
  • Production, 199–203
  • Storage, 208
  • Aircraft Board, 204
  • Aircraft Industrial Demobilization, 204–207
  • Airplane Engines:
  • Returned by A. E. F., 210
  • Sale of surplus, 280
  • War production, 202–203, 206
  • Airplane Lumber, 280
  • Airplane Lumber Claim, 293–294
  • Airplanes:
  • Burning of unserviceable, 211–213
  • Contracts, 199
  • Production, 202, 206
  • Returned by A. E. F., 210–211
  • Sale of surplus, 280
  • Air Service: Demobilization of, 50, 133, 204, 207, 280–281
  • Air Service Claims Board, 204
  • Air Service of A. E. F.:
  • Demobilization, 210–213
  • Maintenance cost, 203
  • Allies: Business settlement with, 287–288, 313–314
  • Allotments, 71–72
  • Amatol Arsenal, 188
  • American Brake Shoe & Foundry Co.: Builders of Erie Howitzer Plant, 171
  • American Car & Foundry Co.:
  • Claim of, 156
  • Post-armistice production by, 179
  • American Cyanamid Co.: Process of, at Muscle Shoals fixation plant, 184
  • American Expeditionary Forces:
  • Identification of dead of, 85, 89–91
  • Repatriation of, 38–42
  • Strength of, 1
  • Welfare activities in, 92–97
  • American Legion:
  • And abuse of uniform, 110
  • And bonus, 69
  • And disabled veterans, 104
  • American Red Cross:
  • Bonus payment aided by, 69
  • Demobilization camp banks of, 110
  • Soldier reëmployment campaign aided by, 109
  • Ammonium Nitrate, 274
  • Ammunition, Artillery: Disposal of, 188–190
  • Anglo-American Tank Project, 298–300
  • Anglo-American Tanks: Purchase of British parts for, 300–301
  • Animals: See Horses and Mules
  • Appel, Monte: Claims against French settled by, 295
  • Appraisers, War Department Board of, 142
  • Army:
  • Status of demobilization, February 28, 1919, 50
  • Strength, 1
  • Army Retail Stores, 282–285
  • Army Subsistence School, 247–248
  • Artillery Carriages: Demobilization of industry producing, 174–175
  • Artillery, Field:
  • Production, 164, 175, 176
  • Reserve manufacturing facilities for, 168, 172
  • Reserves of, 175, 176
  • Artillery, Motorization of, 194
  • Artillery, Railway: Demobilization of industry producing, 176–180
  • Assistant Secretary of War, The:
  • As president of War Department Claims Board, 135
  • Purchase of cantonment sites ordered by, 265
  • Attorney General: Ruling of, against commission agents, 123
  • Ayer, Lieut. Col. F. R.: On Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • Babcock, Col. Conrad S.: “Pershing’s Own Regiment” trained by, 94
  • Baggage, Military, 74–75
  • See also Lost Baggage
  • Baggage Service, 75–78
  • Baldridge, Private C. LeRoy: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Balloons, 203, 206, 213
  • Barnes, Lieut. Col. A. V.: Chief of Baltimore ordnance district, 149
  • Bausch & Lomb Optical Co.: Optical glass produced by, 192–193
  • Beaune, University of, 93
  • Belgian Government: Supplies sold to, 189, 216, 241, 252
  • Belgian Relief Commission, 241
  • Benson, Admiral William S.: And German passenger vessels, 36
  • Billy, M. Édouard de: On French Liquidation Commission, 294
  • Bonus, 51, 69–70
  • Boosters and Adapters, 186
  • Bordeaux: As port of embarkation for A. E. F., 11, 12, 16, 19–24, 25, 28
  • Boston: As port of debarkation, 54
  • Bound Brook Tetranitroaniline Plant, 182
  • Boy Scouts: Walnut trees hunted by, 157
  • Brashear Co., J. A.: Prisms for panoramic sights produced by, 191
  • Brass, 277
  • Brest: As port of embarkation for A. E. F., 11, 12, 16, 17, 24–25, 29
  • Briggs & Turivas: Senter tetryl plant bought by, 182
  • Briggs, Lieut. Col. M. F.: On Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • British Army: Unidentified dead of, 84
  • British Government:
  • American claims paid by, 294
  • American surplus aircraft sold by, 213
  • Ships of, withdrawn from American service, 31
  • Britt, Field Clerk James A.: On Stars and Stripes, 95
  • Browns: Number of, in Army, 70
  • Bryant, Waldo C.: Chief of Bridgeport ordnance district, 148
  • Buford, U. S. A. T.: Conversion of, 35
  • Bulk Sale of A. E. F. Property, 309–312
  • Bullard Engineering Works: Demobilization of ordnance work at, 165–167
  • Burr, Maj. Gen. G. W.:
  • British claims settled by, 303–304
  • On War Department Claims Board, 135
  • Burr-Niemeyer Agreement, 303–304
  • Bush Terminal Co.: Cartridge cloth sold by, 280
  • Camphor, 285
  • Camps, Sale of, 261–264
  • Candles, Toxic, 223–226
  • Cantonments: Purchase of sites of, 264–266
  • Cape May, U. S. A. C. T.: Loading record of, 40
  • Cargo: Quantity of A. E. F., returned, 42–43
  • Cargo Transports, Conversion of, 32, 34–35
  • Cartridge Cloth, 278–280
  • Castor Bean Case, 208–210
  • Cemeteries, American, in Europe, 86–89
  • Charleston: As port of debarkation, 54
  • Châteauroux Tank Plant, 195
  • Chemical Warfare Service:
  • Demobilization activities of, 133, 220–227, 282
  • Nitrogen fixation plant built for, 184–185
  • Chicago Storage Depot, 187
  • Claims, Soldiers’, 70–73
  • Classification Board, 142
  • Coffin, Howard E.: As chairman of Aircraft Board, 204
  • Combat Troops, Embarkation of, 13
  • Commerce, Secretary of: War contract conference called by, 117
  • Construction Division, 257–266
  • Construction Division Claims Board, 260
  • Construction in France, 214, 215
  • Contract Adjustment, Board of:
  • Function, 124, 137
  • Informal contracts settled by, 140–141
  • Contractors, Ordnance, 159–162
  • Contract Review, Superior Board of, 122–124
  • Contracts: See Cost-plus Contracts and War Contracts
  • Contracts and Adjustments, Board of, 237
  • Contracts, Class A, 140
  • Contracts, Class B, 140
  • Contracts, Informal, 126–128, 139–141
  • Contracts, Surveyor of, 121
  • Copper, 274
  • Cost-plus Contracts, 114–116, 117–121, 124–125
  • Council of National Defense, 106–107, 248
  • Cross-Channel Cable, A. E. F., 229
  • Cupro-nickel, 277–278
  • Cuthell Board, 288–296
  • Cuthell, Chester W.: Activities of, in settlement of international claims, 290–296
  • Cuthell Board organized by, 288
  • Cuthell-Inverforth Agreement, 291, 293
  • Czecho-Slovakia: Supplies bought by, 242
  • Czecho-Slovak Siberian Troops, 46 (footnote)
  • Daily Mail, London: Stars and Stripes printed in plant of, 95
  • Dawes, Brig. Gen. Charles G.: On United States Liquidation Commission, 296, 297
  • Debarkation Camps, 55–57
  • Deceased Soldiers’ Effects, 80–83
  • Delano, Col. F. A.: French railroad transportation claim settled by, 308
  • Delousing, 17–19, 57
  • Demobilization Centers, 49
  • Demobilization Problems, 3, 4–8
  • Dent Act, 128, 140
  • Diphenolchlorarsine, 223–226
  • Disability in Service, 63 (footnote)
  • Dodge Brothers:
  • Recuperator plant of, 172–174
  • Truck contracts with, 232
  • Dorr, G. H.:
  • On War Department Claims Board, 135
  • Dravo, Ralph M.: Chief of Pittsburg ordnance district, 150
  • Du Pont Powder Co.:
  • Claim of, 156
  • Dyes manufactured by, 182
  • Early, Capt. Stephen T.: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Eddystone Rifle Plant, 196
  • Effects Bureau, 80–83
  • Embarkation Camps, A. E. F., 16–17
  • Embarkation Service:
  • Merged in Transportation Service, 57
  • Employment Service, United States, 106–108
  • Engineer Claims Board, 219
  • Engineer Department, 50, 213–219, 281–282
  • Engineering Supplies, 216–218
  • Equipment, Soldier’s, 21
  • Erie Howitzer Plant, 167, 171
  • Erie Proving Ground, 176
  • Eustis, Camp Abraham, 177
  • Expeditionary Bases, Disposal of, 45–46, 258
  • Final-payment rolls, 66
  • Finance, Director of:
  • And final payment to officers, 67–69
  • And wounded soldiers, 65–66
  • Finance Service, 64–69, 133, 266
  • First Censor and Press Company, 96
  • First Division, 29, 59–62
  • Fisher, Harry A.: On Cuthell Board, 294
  • Fisher, William: On Cuthell Board, 294
  • Fixed Nitrogen Commission, 183, 185
  • Food Administration, United States: Contract settlements of, 141
  • Ford Motor Co.:
  • Tank contracts with, 195
  • Truck contracts with, 232
  • Forest Service: Supplies turned over to, 228
  • Forward to the Farm! Why Not?: In reëmployment campaign, 110
  • Frankford Arsenal: Machinery concentrated at, 181, 187, 191, 192, 198
  • French Claims, 306–308
  • French Government:
  • American supplies purchased by, 190, 213, 216, 229, 230, 238–240, 242, 245, 252, 281, 311–313
  • Claims negotiations with, 217, 295, 306–309
  • French Liquidation Commission, 294
  • Gas Defense Division, 220
  • Gas, Toxic, 220–222, 226–227
  • General Sales Agent and Board, 240, 241
  • General Vehicle Co.: French contract with, settled, 295
  • Genicart, Camp, 23
  • German Passenger Ships, 35–36
  • Goethals, Maj. Gen. G. W.: Purchase, Storage, and Traffic Division built around, 234
  • Graham, Col. J. H.:
  • A. E. F. property inventoried by, 309–310
  • Grand Central Palace Debarkation Hospital, 99
  • Graves Registration Service, 85–91
  • Great Northern, U. S. A. T., 39
  • Greenhut Building Debarkation Hospital, 99
  • Greenwood, Levi H.: Chief of Boston ordnance district, 148
  • Gun Plants, 167–168
  • Gwinn, Ralph W.: Work of, on Cuthell Board, 291, 292
  • Harness, 286
  • Harrisburg Manufacturing & Boiler Co.: Railway artillery produced after armistice by, 178, 179
  • Harrison, C. L.: Chief of Cincinnati ordnance district, 150
  • Hawley, Private Hudson: On Stars and Stripes, 95
  • Hidden-loss Claim, British, 302–303
  • Hill, Camp, 55
  • Hines, Brig. Gen. Frank T.:
  • As chief of Transportation Service, 57
  • Foreign passenger vessels secured by, 36
  • Plan of, for repatriation of A. E. F., 30–32
  • Hoboken Casual Companies, 56
  • Hollis, Hon. Henry F.: On United States Liquidation Commission, 296, 297
  • Hoover, Herbert: Surplus food purchased by, 241
  • Horses and Mules, 244–246, 253–255
  • Horse Shows in A. E. F., 94
  • Hospital Trains, 99–100
  • Howe, Richard F.: On Aircraft Board, 204
  • Humphreys, Camp, 268
  • Imperator, S. S., 36
  • Imperial Munitions Board: American contracts in Canada settled by, 140, 142, 148
  • Informal Contracts: See Contracts, Informal
  • Inland Traffic Service, 57
  • Interallied Maritime Transport Council, 36
  • Interdepartmental Conference, 117–121
  • Interior, Secretary of: Army lands sold by, 267
  • Invalid Contracts: See Contracts, Informal
  • Inventory and Appraisal of A. E. F. Property, 309–311
  • Inverforth, Lord: Empowered to deal with Cuthell Board, 290–291
  • Italian Government: American claims paid by, 295
  • Jackling, D. C.: Nitro powder plant contracts adjusted by, 142–143
  • Jadwin, Brig. Gen. Edgar: A. E. F. installations appraised by, 310
  • Jadwin Report, 310
  • Japan Paper Co.: Ordnance claim of, 158
  • Johnson, Homer H.: On United States Liquidation Commission, 296, 297
  • Jones, John C.: Chief of Philadelphia Ordnance district, 149
  • Keuffel & Esser: Optical glass produced by, 192–193
  • Labor, Department of: War industry terminated on advice of, 131, 132
  • Lamont, Col. R. P.: On Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • La Pallice, 12
  • Layton, W. T.: On Inverforth Commission, 291
  • League of Nations, 318
  • Leather, 286
  • Le Havre, 12
  • Le Mans: Embarkation area at, 13–15, 23, 24, 28, 53–54
  • Lewis, Capt. W. Lee: Lewisite invented by, 223
  • Lewisite, 223, 226
  • Liberty Engine Claim, 292, 293
  • Liquidation Commission, United States:
  • Claims settled by, 217, 298–303, 304–305, 306–309
  • Creation, function, and policies of, 288–290, 296
  • Property sold by, 210, 240, 309–313
  • Loading Plants, 188
  • Lost Baggage, 72, 75–77, 79–80
  • Lost Baggage Bureau, 75, 76–77, 78–79
  • Loucheur, M. Louis: Refusal of, to pay Anglo-American tank claim, 300
  • Lumber, 273
  • Mahogany, 280
  • Marion Steam Shovel Co.: Railway artillery produced after armistice by, 178
  • Marlin-Rockwell Corp.: Ordnance claim of, 156
  • Marseilles, 12
  • Marshall, Waldo H.: On Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • Maui, U. S. A. C. T., 39–40
  • Maxwell-Chalmers Co.: Tractors produced by, 194
  • Mayor’s Committee of Welcome, 55
  • McClellan, U. S. A. T., 25
  • McLane Silk Co.: Cartridge cloth sold by, 280
  • Meade, Camp, 62
  • Medical Department: Demobilization activities of, 49, 61–64, 97–101
  • Medical Supplies, 232, 233
  • Meigs, Camp, 66
  • Meloney, Major William Brown: Reëmployment pamphlet written by, 108
  • Merritt, Camp, 55–56
  • Midvale Steel & Ordnance Co.:
  • Howitzer plant of, 179–180
  • Rifle plant of, 196
  • “Mill” at Bordeaux, 19–23
  • Mills, Camp, 55, 56
  • Mines, Bureau of: Nitrogen fixation plant built by, 184–185
  • Mobile Repair Shops, 195
  • Morel, M. Paul: A. E. F. property purchased for France by, 311–312
  • Morgan Engineering Co.: Post-armistice production of railway artillery by, 178–179
  • Motor Transport Corps, 49, 230–232
  • Motor Vehicles, 230–232
  • Mules: See Horses and Mules
  • Muscle Shoals Nitrogen Plant, 183, 184, 185
  • National Defense Act, 114
  • National Defense, Council of, 106–107, 248
  • Navy Department:
  • Army property turned over to, 180, 275
  • Operation of troopships relinquished by, 33
  • U. S. A. T. Northern Pacific repaired by, 42
  • Warships used as troopships by, 36
  • Nebraska Aircraft Corp.: Army airplanes bought by, 280
  • Nervous and Mental Cases in Army, 102
  • Neuve, Camp, 23
  • Neville Island Gun Plant, 180
  • New York: As port of debarkation, 54
  • New York Air Brake Co.: Ordnance claims of, 156
  • Newport News: Debarkation at, 54, 99
  • Newport News Shipbuilding Co.: Use of, by Transportation Service, 34
  • Nitrate of Soda, 274
  • Nitrogen Fixation Plants, 183–185
  • Nitro Powder Plant, 142–143, 182, 262, 276
  • Noble, Frank S.: Chief of Rochester ordnance district, 149
  • Northern Pacific, U. S. A. T., 42
  • Northwestern Ordnance Co.: Machinery of, transferred to Erie Howitzer Plant, 171
  • Officers:
  • Final payments to, 67–69
  • Transportation of, from France, 41–42
  • Old Hickory Powder Plant, 181
  • Operations Division, 259
  • Optical Glass, 192–194
  • Optical Instruments, 192
  • Ordnance Claims Board, 146–147
  • Ordnance Contractors, 159–162
  • Ordnance Department: Demobilization activities of, 133, 146, 147–159, 163, 164–165
  • Ordnance Industry, 145–146
  • Ordnance Plants, 276
  • Ordnance Salvage Board, 275–280
  • Otis Elevator Co.: Recuperator plant of, 173, 174
  • Parker, Edwin B.: Chairman of United States Liquidation Commission, 296, 297
  • Peirce, Brig. Gen. W. S.: Chief of Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • Perryville Ammonium Nitrate Plant, 182
  • Pershing, Gen. J. J.:
  • A. E. F. disbanded by, 12, 37
  • Armistice announced by, 1
  • Departure of, from France, 29
  • Parades with First Division, 59–61
  • Stars and Stripes supported by, 95, 96–97
  • “Pershing’s Own Regiment,” 94
  • Pershing Stadium, 94, 215
  • Physiotherapy, 100–101
  • Picatinny Arsenal: Machinery concentrated at, 181, 187, 188
  • Picric Acid Plants, 182
  • Pittsburg Plate Glass Co.: Optical glass produced by, 192–193
  • Platinum, 277
  • Polish Relief Corp., 242
  • Pontanezen, Camp, 16–17
  • Ports of Embarkation, A. E. F., 10–11, 12, 39
  • Portugal: A. E. F. supplies bought by, 242
  • Post Office Department: Supplies turned over to, 228
  • Powder Plants, 181, 182
  • Preparedness: American post-armistice state of, 319
  • Public Health Service, 101–102, 103–104, 252, 275
  • Pullman Car Co.: Post-armistice production of railway artillery matériel by, 179
  • Purchase Claims Board, 247
  • Purchase, Director of, 133, 235, 246–248, 252–253
  • Purchase, Storage, and Traffic, Division of:
  • Industrial demobilization controlled by, 134–135
  • Purchasing functions of, 219, 234–235
  • War contracts controlled by, 121
  • Quartermaster Department, 50, 234–235
  • Quartermaster Supplies:
  • Demobilization of industry producing, 246–247
  • Purchases of, in Europe, 235–236
  • Sales of:
  • To French Government, 238–240
  • To other purchasers, 240–243
  • Storage of, 251–252
  • Termination of European contracts for, 237
  • Value of A. E. F. surplus of, 243
  • Racine trinitrotoluol Plant, 142
  • Railroad Administration, United States: Cut rates to discharged soldiers granted by, 51–52
  • Railroad Claim, French, 217
  • Railway Passenger Equipment, Army, 57–58
  • Raritan Arsenal, 176
  • Raw Materials Division, 248
  • Ray, John H., Jr.: On Cuthell Board, 294
  • Real Estate Service, 267–268
  • Recording & Computing Machines Co.: Optical instruments produced by, 192
  • Recuperators, 172
  • Reeves, Col. Ira L.: President of Beaune University, 93
  • Remount Service, 244–246, 253–255
  • Reo Motor Co.: Tractors produced by, 194
  • Ritchey, Dr. G. W.: Optical workers trained by, 191
  • Roads, Bureau of Public: Supplies furnished to, 217, 252, 282
  • Roberts, George J.: Chief of New York ordnance district, 149
  • Robinson, Fred J.: Chief of Detroit ordnance district, 149
  • Rochester Gun Plant, 167, 170–171
  • Rock Island Arsenal:
  • Artillery stored at, 176
  • Machinery concentrated at, 172, 174–175, 197
  • Post-armistice production:
  • Recuperators, 173
  • 36-ton tanks, 195
  • Roosevelt, Theodore: Attitude of, toward burial of soldiers in France, 84
  • Ross, Private Harold W.: As editor of Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Roumania: Supplies bought by, 242
  • Russell, E. A.: Chief of Chicago ordnance district, 149
  • Russell, Fort D. A.: Artillery stored at, 176
  • Sales Branch, 269, 271–275
  • Sales, Director of, 269–270, 276
  • Salvage, 24, 243–244
  • Savanna Proving Ground, 176
  • School System of A. E. F., 92–93
  • Scovil, Samuel:
  • Chief of Cleveland ordnance district, 149
  • Selective Service Men, Entrainment of, 1, 47–48
  • Senter Tetryl Plant, 182
  • Seventy-seventh Division, 59, 67
  • Sheffield Nitrogen Plant, 183–184, 185
  • Shell:
  • Demobilization of Industry producing, 185–187
  • Disposal of A. E. F. stocks of, 188–190
  • Shell, Gas, 222–223
  • Shelton, Charles B.: On Cuthell Board, 294
  • Sights and Fire-control Instruments, 190–193
  • Signal Corps, 227–229
  • Singer Manufacturing Co.: Post-armistice production of recuperators by, 172, 173
  • Singleton, Marvin E.: Chief of St. Louis ordnance district, 150
  • Small Arms: Demobilization of industry producing, 195–197
  • Small-arms Ammunition, 197–198
  • Smith, Dan: Reëmployment poster painted by, 109
  • Smith, Sergeant John W. Rixey: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Smiths: Number of, in Army, 70
  • Smoke, Toxic, 223–226
  • Soldier Dead: Place of burial of remains of, 83–84, 91
  • Spencer Lens Co.: Optical glass made by, 192
  • Springfield Armory: Machinery stored at, 197
  • Spruce Production Corp., 143, 281
  • Standard B Trucks, 231
  • Standard Contract Provisions, 122–124
  • Standards, Bureau of: Optical glass manufacture by, 192, 193–194
  • Stars and Stripes, 9–10, 94–97
  • Steel, 277
  • Steever, Miller D.: Work of, on Cuthell Board, 291, 292–293
  • Stettinius, Edward R.: Activities of, in settling foreign industrial claims, 297, 298, 305–306
  • Stewart, Col. G. H.: On Ordnance Claims Board, 147
  • St. Nazaire: As port of embarkation for A. E. F., 11, 12, 16, 25, 28
  • Storage, Director of, 251
  • Storage Service, 250–252
  • Stuart, Camp, 55
  • Sulphur, 274
  • Surplus Army Supplies, 270–271
  • Surplus Property Division, 285–286
  • Symington-Anderson Co.:
  • Chicago shell factory of, retained as stand-by plant, 187
  • Rochester Gun Plant built by, 170
  • Tank Claim, British, 301
  • Tanks, 195
  • Tardieu, M. André: In negotiations leading to bulk purchase of A. E. F. stocks, 311
  • Thayer, Harry B.: On Aircraft Board, 204
  • Theatrical Performances, Soldiers’, 94
  • Thirty-third Division, 59
  • Tires, Automobile, 286
  • Toluol Plants, 182–183
  • Training Camps:
  • Demobilization of troops in, 48–50
  • Use of, as debarkation camps, 55
  • Transportation Service:
  • Air service squadrons in England repatriated by, 38
  • Cargo transports redelivered by, 43–45
  • Conversion of cargo transports by, 34–35
  • Creation of, 57
  • First Division transported by, 59–60
  • German passenger vessels secured by, 36
  • Military passengers carried by, after armistice, 59
  • Morale of, 32–33, 38–39
  • News bureau of, 55
  • Personnel adjutants of, 41
  • Port facilities disposed of by, 45–46
  • Pre-armistice stoppage of embarkation by, 37
  • Reserve of troopships created by, 45
  • Russian and Siberian expeditionary troops repatriated by, 46 (footnote)
  • Sick and wounded transported by, 58–59
  • Troopships diverted by, 54
  • Troopships operated by, 33
  • Transports, 43 See also Cargo Transports and Troopships
  • Travel Allowance, 51
  • Treasury, Comptroller of: Decision of, invalidating informal contracts, 127
  • Trinitrotoluol Plants, 183
  • Troop-movement Section, 47–48
  • Troopships, 31, 34, 36–37, 45
  • Trucks, Motor, 199, 286
  • Tuberculosis, 102
  • Tullytown Bag-loading Plant, 188
  • Tuscania, S. S.: Identification of effects of soldiers lost in sinking of, 82–83
  • Twenty-eighth Division, 59
  • Twenty-seventh Division, 59
  • United States Aëronautical Engine Plant, 207
  • Universities, Foreign: A. E. F. soldiers in, 93–94
  • Upton, Camp, 55, 56
  • Vessel owners: Demand of, for redelivery of chartered tonnage, 33–34
  • Veterans:
  • Employment campaign for, 104–111
  • Generosity of Government to, 104
  • Victory Parades, 59
  • Vocational Education, Federal Board for, 101, 102–104
  • Wah Chang Trading Corp.: Ordnance claim of, 158
  • Wallgren, Private A. B.: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Walnut Timber, 156–157
  • War Camp Community Service: Reëmployment campaign of, 109
  • War Contracts:
  • Extent of, 112–113, 128–129
  • Standardization of, 122–124
  • Termination and liquidation of, 129–132, 138
  • See also Cost-plus Contracts
  • War Credits Board, 119–120 (footnote)
  • War Department:
  • Contract liquidation system of, 135–136, 138
  • Contractors paid in advance by, 137–138, 141
  • Contractual obligations of, 112–113, 128–129
  • Cost of war to, 315–318
  • Effect of 1917 organization of, upon contracts, 116–117
  • Expansion of plant of, 256–257
  • Policies of:
  • In burying soldier dead, 83–84
  • In discharging troops, 49–51, 52–53, 105–106
  • Real Estate Service of, 266–267
  • Reëmployment campaign of, 104–105
  • Reorganization of, in 1918, 121
  • War contracting powers of, 114
  • War Department Claims Board:
  • Castor bean case settled by, 208–210
  • Creation and personnel of, 135
  • Growth of, 141
  • Informal contracts settled by, 140
  • Record of, 143–144
  • War Industries Board:
  • Australasian wool purchased by, 248
  • Contracts made by, 141
  • Function of, 248
  • Termination of war industry aided by, 131, 132
  • War Industry:
  • Extent of, 2–4
  • Liquidation of, 132, 133–137
  • Warner & Swasey: Panoramic sights produced by, 191
  • War Risk Insurance, Bureau of:
  • Amalgamation of, with other veterans’ bureaus, 103–104
  • Disability compensation paid by, 63
  • Function of, 101
  • War, Secretary of:
  • Order of, as to post-armistice production, 131
  • Powers under Dent Act delegated by, 140
  • War Department Claims Board created by, 135
  • Watertown Arsenal:
  • Expansion of, 168, 169–170, 174, 180
  • Machinery concentrated at, 178, 179, 180
  • Watervliet Arsenal:
  • Expansion of, 168–170, 174
  • Machinery concentrated at, 180
  • Watson, Major Mark: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • Weems, F. C.: On Cuthell Board, 291
  • West Indian Laborers, 257
  • Where Do We Go from Here?: Booklet used in reëmployment campaign, 108–109
  • White & Co., J. G.: Settlement of French contract with, 295
  • Willys-Overland, Inc.: 75-mm. gun carriages produced by, 173
  • Wilson, Woodrow, President of the United States: And Italian delegates to Peace Conference, 290
  • Winterich, Corporal John T.: On Stars and Stripes, 95
  • Woods, Col. Arthur: Reëmployment campaign conducted by, 107
  • Wool Administrator, 248
  • Wool Pool, Liquidation of, 248–250
  • Woollcott, Sergeant Alexander: On Stars and Stripes, 96
  • World War: Costs and benefits of, 315–321
  • Wounded Soldiers:
  • Payment of, 65–66
  • Transportation of, 58–59
  • Wright-Martin Aircraft Corp.: Engine plant of, retained, 207
  • Young Men’s Christian Association: Schools of, in A. E. F., 93
  • Zinc, 277
  • Zone Finance Officer at Washington: Bonus paid by, 69