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Discourses on the First Decade of Titus Livius

Chapter 48: CHAPTER XLII.—How easily Men become corrupted.
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This work offers a systematic political analysis using episodes from early Roman history as exemplars, examining how cities and republics arise, the balance between popular and aristocratic power, and institutional means to preserve liberty. It considers religion, military organization, laws, and civic virtue as tools or threats to stability, analyzes causes of corruption and faction, and evaluates founding and reforming strategies, including the roles of singular founders and collective bodies. Practical prescriptions and historical comparisons illustrate how institutions, leadership, and public behavior contribute to the endurance or decline of free states.

CHAPTER XLII.—How easily Men become corrupted.

In this matter of the decemvirate we may likewise note the ease wherewith men become corrupted, and how completely, although born good and well brought up, they change their nature. For we see how favourably disposed the youths whom Appius gathered round him became towards his tyranny, in return for the trifling benefits which they drew from it; and how Quintus Fabius, one of the second decemvirate and a most worthy man, blinded by a little ambition, and misled by the evil counsels of Appius, abandoning his fair fame, betook himself to most unworthy courses, and grew like his master.

Careful consideration of this should make those who frame laws for commonwealths and kingdoms more alive to the necessity of placing restraints on men’s evil appetites, and depriving them of all hope of doing wrong with impunity.