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Dr. John McLoughlin, the Father of Oregon

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About This Book

The biography traces the life and career of a physician and Hudson's Bay Company chief who managed Fort Vancouver and provided critical aid to American settlers, missionaries, and immigrant parties in the Oregon Country. It outlines his family origins, interactions with French-Canadian settlers and Indigenous peoples, and his role during periods of joint-occupancy. The account examines land claims, naturalization issues, political attacks and congressional appeals that damaged his reputation, and the efforts to vindicate his legacy. The text is supplemented by letters, speeches, official documents, and contemporary opinions that illuminate his humanitarian actions, legal struggles, and the region’s turbulent transition in governance.

Pittman, Anna Maria, 58.

Platte River, 184.

Plows, 263.

Polk (County), 243.

Polk, James K., 21, 87, 100.

Pomeroy, Walter, 206, 210.

Porpoise (ship), 195.

Portage, 236.

Porter, J. M. (Secretary of War), 136.

Portland (Ore.), 16, 17, 25, 75, 158, 159, 162, 196, 209, 278, 281, 284, 285.

Portland General Electric Company, 102.

Potatoes, 28, 213.

Prairies, 193.

Presbyterians, 133, 146, 238.

Prices, 33, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 77, 118, 201.

Priests, Catholic, 22, 61, 189, 191.

Protestants, 100, 133, 146, 147, 190, 238.

Puget's Island, 195.

Puget Sound, 68, 190, 269.

 

QUEBEC (city), 22, 283.

 

RACCOON (British sloop-of-war), 20.

Rae, William Glen, 24, 25, 69.

Rafts, 70 (see also Ships).

Rapids, 70, 102, 103, 114, 119, 136, 191, 200, 201, 202, 213, 224, 235, 236, 242.

Raymond, W. W., 224, 226.

Red River Settlement, 265, 269.

Rees, Hon. Willard H., 274, 278;
opinion of McLoughlin, 274-276.

Regiments, 23, 274.

Rekener, J., 205.

Remick, William C., 204, 205.

Revolution, Cromwellian, 100.

Richmond, Dr. —, 188.

Ricord, John (attorney), 107, 212-218, 220, 222, 223.

Rivière du Loup (a parish), 22.

Robb, J. R., 205.

Robertson, James, 83.

Rocky Mountains, 19, 20, 49, 53, 94, 97, 124, 162, 176, 177, 183, 185, 200, 210, 259, 261, 265, 272, 275, 276 (see also Stony Mountains).

Rogue River Indians, 274.

Rome (Italy), 161.

Roosevelt, Theodore, Winning of the West, cited, 84.

Roy, Charles, 205.

Russell, —, 251.

Russians, 201.

 

ST. GREGORY the Great, Knight of, 161.

St. Lawrence River, 22.

Salem (Ore.), 56, 111, 113, 115, 119, 138, 159, 163.

Salmon, 36, 43, 202.

Sand Island, 35.

Sandwich Islands, 29, 187, 189, 204, 220.

San Francisco (Cal.), 25, 69, 135.

Saratoga, battle of, 23.

Savages, 26 (see also Indians).

Sawyer, —, 128.

Schoolhouses, 30.

Schools, 98, 99, 133, 192, 238 (see also Seminary).

Scotch, 182, 190.

Scotland, 23, 24.

Scott, Harvey W., 279.

Seaside, 196, 197.

Seminary, 238 (see also Schools).

Senate Document, 209.

Senators, 70, 158, 274.

Sevier, John, 83.

Seymour, Admiral —, 68, 91.

Shadden, Thomas J., 205.

Shark (ship), 135.

Shawnees (Indian tribe), 74.

Sheep, 28.

Shepard, Cyrus (teacher), 55.

Ships, 33, 35, 36, 38, 45, 47, 48, 51, 58, 59, 61, 63, 68, 103, 105, 113, 115, 135, 181, 182, 183, 186, 194, 195, 196, 222, 223, 258, 267.

Shortess petition, 104, 116-119, 148, 175-209, 210, 212, 253, 254.

Shortess, Robert, 116, 119, 196, 204, 206, 208, 209, 211, 255.

Simpson, Sir George, 90, 96, 270.

Sitka (Alaska), 29.

Skinner, A. A., 122.

Slacum, —, 202.

Slocum, W. A., 28.

Smith, A. D., 205.

Smith, Jedediah S. (furtrader), 33, 35, 36, 38, 74.

Smith, Milton W., 209.

Snake country, 47.

Snake River, 27, 196.

Snelling, Vincent, letter to McLoughlin, 262-264.

Sonoma County (Cal.), 25.

Spalding, Mrs. Henry H., 54.

Spalding, Rev. Henry H., 54.

Spies, 91, 97.

Staats, Stephen, 82.

Stanstead (Canada), 112.

Stark, —, 222.

Starrs, —, 222.

Statesman, cited, 262.

Stikeen (Fort), 24.

Stony Mountains, 175, 176, 178, 180 (see Rocky Mountains).

Straits of Juan de Fuca, 193.

Sublette, — (furtrader), 33.

Sue, Eugene, 254.

Sumatra (a ship), 58.

Superior (lake), 24.

Surveyors, 224, 237, 251.

Sutton, William C., 119, 205, 210.

Sweet Water River, 185.

 

TAXES, 67.

Teachers, missionaries as, 193.

Tennessee (state), 83.

The Dalles, 69, 70, 72, 73, 77, 82, 91, 111, 197.

Thing, Captain —, 182

Thomas H. Perkins (American ship), 32, 194.

Thomas, Captain —, 36.

Thompson, L. S., 153.

Thornton, J. Quinn, 247, 248, 254;
History of Provisional Government of Oregon, cited, 61, 62, 276, 277.

Thurston (county), 170.

Thurston, Samuel R., 119, 121, 122, 123, 229, 230, 231, 233, 234, 237, 238, 239, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 256, 261, 262, 263;
his letter, 123-140;
protests against him, 137-140;
acts approved, 139;
acts not endorsed, 140;
death, 144;
career and death, 144-146;
illtreats McLoughlin, 148, 149;
false statements by, 152, 161;
excerpts from speech, 210, 211, 246-256, 258, 259, 260, 261, 262.

Timber, 201, 235, 236 (see also Lumber).

Tolmie, Dr. F. W., 236.

Tongue Point (Ore.), 52.

Tonner, A., 205.

Tonquin (ship), 24, 285.

Town, —, 128.

Townsend, John K., Narrative of a Journey across the Rocky Mountains, cited, 49, 50.

Trade and commerce, 95, 191, 192.

Trade licenses, 177, 178, 179, 180.

Traders, American, 33, 45-52, 81.

Trading act, 177.

Trading Companies, 95, 96, 176-179 (see also Hudson's Bay Company, and Northwest Fur Company).

Trading posts, 27, 28.

Trappers, 191.

Treaties, 19, 20, 21, 39, 68, 86, 87, 128, 129, 131, 141, 142, 216, 253, 254 (see also Conventions).

Tualatin Plains, 203, 204, 210.

Turner, John, 205.

Turnham, Joel, 205.

Typhus fever, 285, 286.

 

UMPQUA, 184.

Umpqua River, 34, 35, 36.

United States, 19, 20, 26, 28, 32, 33, 38, 39, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 71, 72, 85, 88, 90, 95, 100, 101, 104, 105, 111, 112, 113, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125, 128, 136, 143, 147, 148, 150, 151, 156, 157, 159, 164, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 186, 189, 198, 201, 210, 215, 216, 220, 221, 225, 227, 232, 233, 235, 239, 240, 248, 250, 257, 260, 265, 266, 267, 274, 280, 282, 286.

United States Senate, 104, 105, 119, 120, 202, 260.

University of Oregon, 119, 141, 142, 143, 150, 160, 272, 278.

 

VANCOUVER Barracks, 28.

Vancouver (Fort), 24, 27-34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 41, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 59, 67, 68, 70, 71, 72, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 82, 89, 91, 92, 93, 95, 98, 99, 110, 113, 152, 170, 171, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185, 190, 191, 195, 197, 199, 200, 201, 202, 204, 206, 208, 236, 253, 255, 257, 258, 268, 275, 276, 281, 285.

Vancouver Island, 24.

Vancouver, Point, 28.

Varney, Captain —, 32.

Vavasour, Lieutenant and Captain —, 91, 94, 270.

Venison, 43.

Victor, Frances Fuller, 226, 270;
The River of the West, cited, 97, 110, 219, 227, 271.

Victoria (Queen of England), 131, 233, 250, 267.

Virginia (state), 84.

 

WAIILATPU (Wash.), 54.