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Duval's artistic anatomy

Chapter 31: INDEX
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About This Book

A concise, artist-focused manual distilled from lecture courses, presenting anatomy as a tool for drawing and modelling by beginning with the skeleton and explaining joint mechanics, muscular masses, and their effects on surface form and movement. It interleaves plates with explanatory text and urges hands-on study of bones, skeletons, casts, and living models to correlate deeper structures with visible contours. Practical demonstrations of motions such as forearm rotation illustrate underlying mechanisms. Short sections address facial angle and cranial form from an anthropological perspective. The aim is to sharpen observation and justify the why of visible forms.

INDEX

A

  • Abdomen, Form of, 199
  • Abdomen, Muscles of, 198
  • Abduction and Adduction, 118, 121
  • Abductor Pollicis, 248
  • Acetabulum, 106
  • Achilles, Tendon of, 277
  • Acromio-clavicular Articulation, 57
  • Acromion Process, 57
  • Adductor Muscles of Hand, 248
  • Adductor Muscles of Thigh, 262
  • Agony, Expression of, 324
  • Alar Ligaments, 144
  • Alveoli, Dental, 178
  • Anatomical Neck of humerus, 60
  • Anatomical Snuff-box, 246
  • Anatomy, Definition and History of, 7
  • Anconeus Muscle, 240, 242
  • Anger, Expression of, 335
  • Angular Processes, 168
  • Ankle-joint, 148
  • Annular Ligament, Anterior of Wrist, 88
  • Anterior Triangle of Neck, 283
  • Antinöus, Measurement of, 187
  • Antithesis of Expression, 306
  • Apollo, Measurement of, 187
  • Arm, 67, 77
  • Arm, Muscles of, 224
  • Arm-pit, Hollow of, 215
  • Arthrology, 19
  • Articular Processes, 30
  • Association of Expressions, 336
  • Astragalo-calcaneo-scaphoid Joint, 157
  • Astragalo-scaphoid Articulation, 157
  • Astragalus Bone, 148, 152, 155
  • Athletes, Ancient, 11
  • Atlas, Vertebra, 32
  • Atmospheric Pressure, Influence of, 123
  • Attention, Expression of, 316
  • Auditory Canal, 169
  • Auditory Meatus, 169
  • Axilla, 215
  • Axis, Vertebra, 32

B

  • Back, Muscles of, 205
  • Bell, Sir Charles, 296
  • Bertini, Ligament of, 119
  • Biceps Brachialis, 224
  • Biceps Femoris, 266
  • Biceps Muscle, 222, 224
  • Bicipital Groove, 61, 67
  • Bicipital Tubercle, 78
  • Bigelow, Ligament of, 119
  • Blanc, Charles, 99
  • Bone, Structure of, 25
  • Brachial Index, 100
  • Brachialis Anticus Muscle, 228
  • Brachio-radialis Muscle, 238
  • Brachycephalic of Skull, 172
  • Breast, 196
  • Buccinator Muscle, 331
  • Buttock, 121

C

  • Calcaneum, 152
  • Camper on Facial Angle, 181, 296
  • Canalis Tarsi, 155
  • Canine Fossa, 176
  • Canine Teeth, 175
  • Canons, 99, 189
  • Capitellum, 68
  • Carpo-metacarpal Articulation, 92
  • Carpus, 87
  • Carpus, Muscles of, 239
  • Cartilages, 26
  • Caruncula Lachrymalis, 311
  • Caucasian Race, Facial Angle of, 184
  • Cephalic Index, 171
  • Cephalic Vein, 219
  • Cervical Vertebræ, 32
  • Cheek, Prominence of, 176
  • Chest, 41, 51
  • Chin, 177
  • Chondro-costal Articulation, 52
  • Chondro-sternal Articulation, 52
  • Clavicle, 55, 65
  • Coccyx, 104
  • Combination of Expressions, 336
  • Commissure of Eyelids, 319
  • Commissure of Lips, 311
  • Complexus Muscle, 211
  • Condyle of Jaw, 178
  • Condyles of Femur, 133
  • Condyles of Humerus, 69
  • Condyles, Occipital, 165
  • Conoid Ligament, 59
  • Contempt, Muscle of, 332
  • Coraco-brachialis Muscle, 215, 222, 227
  • Coracoid Process, 58
  • Coronal Suture, 167, 170
  • Coronoid Fossa, 69
  • Coronoid Process, 70, 178
  • Costal Cartilages, 51
  • Cotyloid Ligaments, 118
  • Coxo-femoral Articulation, 108
  • Cranium, 164
  • Cricoid Cartilage, 284
  • Crucial Ligaments, 136, 141
  • Crureus Muscle, 261
  • Cubitus, 69
  • Cuboid Bone, 152, 158
  • Cucullary Muscle, 208
  • Cuneiform Bones, 88, 152, 156, 157
  • Curves of Vertebral Column, 36

D

  • Darwin on Expression of Emotions, 304
  • Deltoid Impression, 68
  • Deltoid Muscle, 216
  • Diaphyses, 24
  • Digastric Muscle, 288, 289
  • Discontent, Expression of, 333
  • Discs, Intervertebral, 34
  • Discs, Vertebral, 28
  • Disgust, Expression of, 333
  • Dissections, 9, 12
  • Dog, Facial Angle of, 184
  • Dolichocephalic of Skull, 172
  • Dorsum Ilii, 106
  • Duchenne of Boulogne, 301, 308

E

  • Ear, 312
  • Egyptian Art, 2
  • Egyptian Canon, 99
  • Elbow, Articulation of, 71
  • Elbow, Hollow of, 234
  • Elevators of Lips, Muscles, 326
  • Ensiform Cartilage, 42
  • Epicranial Aponeurosis, 317
  • Epigastrium, 53
  • Epiphyses, 24
  • Erector Spinæ, 214
  • Expression, Antithesis of, 306
  • Expression, Muscles of, 294
  • Expressions, Combination of, 336
  • Extensor Brevis Digitorum, 279
  • Extensors of Fingers, Muscles, 239
  • Extensors of Toes, Muscles, 269
  • Eye, 312
  • Eye, Muscles of, 318
  • Eyebrow, 310
  • Eyelids, 319

F

  • Face, Muscles of, 291, 310
  • Face, Skeleton of, 173
  • Facial Angle, 181
  • Fascia Lata, 256
  • Female Figure, Formulæ of, 125
  • Femur, 116, 131
  • Femur, Neck of, 117
  • Fibula, 135, 147
  • Fingers, 93
  • Flexor Carpi Radialis, 235
  • Flexors of Fingers, Muscles, 237
  • Flexors of Toes, Muscles, 278
  • Foot, 151, 155, 160
  • Foot as a Canon, 185
  • Foot, Muscles of, 278
  • Foramen Magnum, 165
  • Forearm, 77
  • Forearm, Muscles of, 232, 244
  • Forehead, Muscles of, 316
  • Formulæ of Male and Female Figures, 125
  • Frederick of Germany, Edict of, 12
  • Frontal Bone, 166
  • Frontal Muscle, 316
  • Frontal Sinuses, 168

G

  • Galen, 9
  • Gastrocnemius Muscle, 273
  • Gemelli Muscles, 256
  • Gerdy on Canons, 185
  • Gladiator, Measurement of, 187
  • Glenoid Cavity, 59, 180
  • Gluteal Muscles, 252
  • Gracilis, 264
  • Grecian Art, 3
  • Grief, Muscle of, 326
  • Grinning, Expression of, 334
  • Groin, Fold of, 112
  • Groove, Bicipital, 61, 67
  • Gullet, 284
  • Gymnasium and Anatomy, 11

H

  • Hamstring Muscles, 265
  • Hand, 87
  • Hand, Muscles of, 232, 247
  • Head as a Canon, 185
  • Head, Bones of, 164
  • Head, Movements of, 33
  • Head, Muscles of, 291
  • Hip-bones, 105
  • Hip-joint, 118
  • Hips, Measurements and Proportions of, 124
  • Humerus, 60, 67
  • Hypothenar Eminence, 248, 249

I

  • Iliac Fossa, 108
  • Ilio-costalis Muscle, 214
  • Ilio-femoral Articulation, 118
  • Ilio-femoral Ligament, 119
  • Ilio-lumbar Ligament, 111
  • Ilio-pectineal Line, 107
  • Ilio-tibial Band, 144, 257
  • Ilio-trochanteric Band, 121
  • Ilium, 105
  • Incisive Fossa, 176
  • Incisor Teeth, 179, 180
  • Index, Brachial, 100
  • Index, Cephalic, 171
  • Index Finger, 91, 246
  • Infra-hyoid Muscles, 285
  • Infra-orbital Foramen, 174
  • Infra-spinatus Muscle, 212, 219
  • Inter-carpal Joint, 89
  • Inter-condyloid Notch, 133
  • Interosseous Ligament, 156
  • Interosseous Membrane, 147
  • Interosseous Muscles, 250
  • Interosseous Space, 80, 147
  • Inter-phalangeal Articulation, 94
  • Ischium, 105

J

  • Jaw, Articulation of, the, 180
  • Jaw, Muscles of, 292

K

  • Kissing, Expression of, 331
  • Knee, Articulation of, 131
  • Knee, Form of, 144
  • Knee, Ligaments of, 139

L

  • Lachrymal Lake, 311
  • Lambdoid, Suture, 170
  • Laocoon, Measurement of, 187
  • Larynx, 284
  • Lasciviousness, Muscle of, 329
  • Latissimus Dorsi Muscle, 209
  • Laughter, Expression of, 326
  • Lavater on Physiognomy, 297
  • Le Brun on Studies of, Expression, 296
  • Leg, 135, 146
  • Leg, Muscles of, 268
  • Ligamenta Subflava, 35
  • Ligamentum Nuchæ, 36
  • Ligamentum Teres, 116, 122
  • Linea Alba, 198
  • Linea Aspera, 133
  • Linea Semilunaris, 199
  • Lineæ Transversæ, 203
  • Lips, 311
  • Lips, Muscles of, 326, 330
  • Longissimus Dorsi Muscle, 214
  • Lumbricales Muscles, 237, 250
  • Luzzi, Mondino di, 12

M

  • Malar Bone, 176
  • Male Figure, Formulæ of, 125
  • Malleoli, 149
  • Mandible, 177
  • Manubrium of Sternum, 45
  • Masseter Muscle, 292
  • Masticating Muscles, 291
  • Mastoid Process, 169
  • Maxillary Bone, Inferior, 177
  • Maxillary Bone, Superior, 176
  • Menace, Expression of, 322
  • Mental Foramen, 178
  • Mental Process, 177
  • Mesaticephalic of Skull, 172
  • Metacarpo-phalangeal Articulation, 93
  • Metacarpus, 90
  • Metatarsus, 159
  • Michael Angelo, 14
  • Middle Finger, 91
  • Middle Finger as a Canon, 185
  • Modern Art, 5
  • Molar Teeth, 179
  • Mongols, Facial Angle of, 184
  • Monkeys, Facial Angle of, 184
  • Mouth, 312
  • Mouth, Muscles of, 325
  • Muscles in General, 189
  • Muscles, Movement of, 189
  • Muscles, Nomenclature of, 191
  • Mylo-hyoid Muscle, 288, 290

N

  • Nasal Bones, 168
  • Nasal Eminences, 168
  • Nasal Fossa, 175
  • Naso-labial Fold, 311
  • Naso-lachrymal Groove, 174
  • Navicular Bone, 152, 156, 158
  • Neck, Movements of, 282
  • Neck, Muscles of, 281, 334
  • Neck, Region of, 208
  • Negro, Facial Angle of, 183, 184
  • Neural Arch, 29
  • Neural Canal, 29
  • Nipple of, Breast, 196
  • Nomenclature, 22
  • Nose, Muscles of, 328
  • Nostrils, 312

O

  • Oblique Muscles of the Abdomen, 198
  • Obturator Foramen, 106
  • Obturator Membrane, 111
  • Obturator Muscle, 256
  • Occipital Bone, 164
  • Occipital Condyles, 165
  • Occipital Muscle, 316
  • Odontoid Process, 32
  • Œsophagus, 284
  • Olecranon, 70
  • Olecranon Fossa, 69
  • Olecranon Process, 71
  • Omo-hyoid Muscle, 286
  • Opponens Muscles, 248
  • Opposition, Movements of, 92
  • Optic Foramen, 175
  • Orbicular Muscle of Eyelids, 318
  • Orbicular Muscle of Lips, 330
  • Orbicularis Palpebrarum, 318
  • Orbital Processes, 176
  • Orbits, 173
  • Os Calcis, 152
  • Os Magnum, 88
  • Ossa Innominata, 105
  • Osteology, 19

P

  • Pain, Expression of, 335
  • Palmar Fascia, 248
  • Palmaris Brevis, 249
  • Palmaris Longus, 235
  • Palpebral Muscle, 318
  • Panniculus Carnosus, 313
  • Parietal Bones, 166
  • Patella, 134
  • Patella, Ligament of, 142, 260
  • Patellar Surface, 133
  • Pectineus Muscle, 262
  • Pectoral Muscles, 193
  • Pelvis, 103
  • Pelvis, Muscles of, 252
  • Perineum, 112
  • Peroneal Muscles, 158, 160, 271
  • Petrous Portion, 168
  • Phalanges of Fingers, 93
  • Phalanges of Toes, 160
  • Pharynx, 284
  • Philtrum, 311
  • Physiology, 9
  • Pinna, 312
  • Pisiform Bone, 88
  • Plantar Ligaments, 156
  • Plantaris Muscle, 277
  • Platysma Muscles, 211
  • Platysma of Neck, 334
  • Plica Semilunaris, 311
  • Pomum Adami, 284
  • Popliteal Space, 142
  • Posterior Triangle, 210
  • Poupart’s Ligament, 111
  • Pouting, Expression of, 331
  • Processes of Vertebræ, 30
  • Pronation, 82
  • Pronator Quadratus, 237
  • Pronator Radii Teres, Impression for, 78
  • Pronator Teres, 233
  • Proportion of Arm, 97
  • Proportion of Clavicle, 46
  • Proportion of Foot, 163
  • Proportion of Hips, 124
  • Proportion of Leg, 162
  • Proportion of Lower Limb, 161
  • Proportion of Pelvis, 114
  • Proportion of Sternum, 46
  • Proportion of Upper Limb, 96
  • Proportion of Vertebral Column, 38
  • Psoas Muscle, 263
  • Pterygoid Muscle, 292
  • Pubis, 105
  • Pyramidalis Abdominis Muscle, 204
  • Pyramidalis Muscle of Face, 322
  • Pyriformis Muscle, 256

Q

  • Quadratus Femoris, 256
  • Quadratus Menti, 333
  • Quadriceps Extensor Muscle, 259
  • Quadrumana, 148

R

  • Radial Head, 68
  • Radial Muscles, 239
  • Radio-carpal Articulation, 78
  • Radio-carpal Joint, 89
  • Radio-ulnar Articulation, 82
  • Radius, 70, 77
  • Ramus of Lower Jaw, 178
  • Rectus Abdominis, 202
  • Rectus Femoris, 259
  • Reflection, Expression of, 320
  • Renaissance Art, 4
  • Rhomboid Muscles, 212
  • Ribs, 46
  • Risorius Muscle of Santorini, 334
  • Roman Art, 4

S

  • Sacro-sciatic Ligaments, 105, 111
  • Sacrum, 103
  • Sadness, Expression of, 332
  • Sagittal Suture, 170
  • Salvage and Malgaigne’s Formula, 125
  • Sappey, Professor, on Canons, 188
  • Sartorius Muscle, 258
  • Scaphoid Bone, 88, 152, 156, 158
  • Scapula, 56
  • Scapulo-humeral Articulation, 60, 61
  • Scarpa’s Triangle, 263
  • Sciatic Notch, 109
  • Scorn, Expression of, 333
  • Semi-lunar Bone, 88
  • Semi-lunar Fascia, 225
  • Semi-lunar Ligaments, 137
  • Semi-membranosus Muscle, 267
  • Semi-tendinosus Muscle, 266
  • Serratus Magnus Muscle, 215, 220
  • Sexes, Formulæ of, 125
  • Shin Bone, 135
  • Shoulder, 55
  • Shoulder Blade, 56
  • Shoulder Joint, 61
  • Shoulder, Muscles of, 215
  • Sigmoid Cavities, 70
  • Sigmoid Notch, 178
  • Skeleton, Subdivisions of, 27
  • Skin, Muscles of, 292
  • Skull, 164
  • Sobbing, Muscle of, 328
  • Sole of Foot, 151, 160, 278
  • Soleus Muscle, 276
  • Sorrow, Expression of, 332
  • Sphenoid Bone, 170
  • Sphenoidal Fissure, 175
  • Spinal Crest, 37
  • Spinous Processes, 30
  • Spiral Groove, 68
  • Splenius Muscle, 211
  • Spring Ligament, 157
  • Sterno-cleido-mastoid Muscle, 281
  • Sterno-hyoid Muscle, 287
  • Sterno-thyroid Muscle, 287
  • Sternum, 41
  • Stomach, Pit of, 53
  • Stylo-hyoid Muscle, 287, 289
  • Styloid Process, 79, 136, 169
  • Subscapularis Muscle, 220
  • Sue on Physiognomy, 297
  • Superciliary Muscle, 323
  • Superville, Humbert de, 298
  • Supination, 80
  • Supinator Muscles, 238
  • Supinator Radii Brevis, 239
  • Supra-condyloid Ridge, 69
  • Supra-hyoid Muscles, 287
  • Supra-orbital Arches, 168
  • Supra-spinatus Muscle, 215, 219
  • Sustentaculum Tali, 155
  • Sutures of Skull, 170
  • Symphyses, Sacro-iliac, 110
  • Symphysis of Pubis, 110