Economic effects of the world war upon women and children in Great Britain

Chapter 1: ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF THE WORLD WAR ON WOMEN AND CHILDREN IN GREAT BRITAIN

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About This Book

The study analyzes how the wartime mobilization shifted women and children into industrial, commercial, and professional roles vacated by men, documenting both the immediate hardships of rapid entry and the adaptations employers and communities made. It surveys changes in wages and living conditions, noting that higher pay and welfare measures such as canteens and medical attention supported physical endurance but did not secure pay equality. The work examines effects on child labor and family incomes, describes legislative and administrative responses, and evaluates which wartime gains persisted. It concludes with policy recommendations to protect workers and guide postwar readjustment.

CONTENTS

Chapter		Page
I	Introductory Summary	1
II	Work of Women and Children before the World War	14
III	First Months of the World War—Labor’s Attitude
	toward the War—Unemployment
	among Women Workers	20
IV	Extension of Employment of Women	28
V	Organized Efforts to Recruit Women’s Labor	50
VI	Sources of Additional Women Workers	75
VII	Training for War Work	84
VIII	Women and the Trade Unions	87
IX	Control of Women Workers under the Munitions Act	92
X	Wages	99
XI	Hours of Work	126
XII	Safety, Health and Comfort	146
XIII	Effects of the War on the Employment of Children	167
XIV	Effects of War Work on Women	191
XV	Peace and Reconstruction	204
	Appendices	229
	Index	251

ECONOMIC EFFECTS
OF
THE WORLD WAR
ON
WOMEN AND CHILDREN
IN GREAT BRITAIN