APPENDICES
Appendix A
The following table, from a “Report to the Board of Trade on the State of Employment in the United Kingdom,” of February, 1915, compares the number of males and females on full time, on overtime, on short time, and unemployed, between September, 1914, and February, 1915.
STATE OF EMPLOYMENT IN SEPTEMBER, OCTOBER
AND DECEMBER, 1914, AND FEBRUARY, 1915
(Numbers Employed in July = 100 per cent.)
| September, 1914 | October, 1914 | December, 1914 | February, 1915 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | F | M | F | M | F | M | F | |
| Full time | 60.2 | 53.5 | 66.8 | 61.9 | 65.8 | 66.6 | 68.4 | 75.0 |
| 3,913,000 | 1,337,500 | 4,342,000 | 1,547,500 | 4,277,000 | 1,665,000 | 4,446,000 | 1,875,000 | |
| Overtime | 3.6 | 2.1 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 12.8 | 10.8 | 13.8 | 10.9 |
| 234,000 | 52,500 | 338,000 | 147,500 | 832,000 | 270,000 | 897,000 | 272,500 | |
| Short time | 26.0 | 36.0 | 17.3 | 26.0 | 10.5 | 19.4 | 6.6 | 12.6 |
| 1,690,000 | 900,000 | 1,124,500 | 650,000 | 682,500 | 485,000 | 390,000 | 15,000 | |
| Contraction in Nos. employed |
10.2 | 8.4 | 10.7 | 6.2 | 10.9 | 3.2 | 11.8 | 1.5 |
| 663,000 | 210,000 | 695,000 | 155,000 | 708,500 | 80,000 | 767,000 | 37,500 | |
| Enlisted | 8.8 | ... | 10.6 | ... | 13.3 | ... | 15.4 | ... |
| 572,000 | ... | 689,000 | ... | 864,500 | ... | 1,010,000 | ... | |
| Net displacement (-) or replacement (+) |
-1.4 | -8.4 | -0.1 | -6.2 | +2.4 | -3.2 | +3.6 | -1.5 |
| -91,000 | -210,000 | -6,500 | -155,000 | +156,000 | -80,000 | +243,000 | 37,500 | |
Appendix B
The following table indicates some of the processes formerly reserved for men on which the factory inspectors found women employed by the end of 1915:
| INDUSTRY | PROCESSES |
|---|---|
| Linoleum | Attending cork grinding and embossing machines, |
| machine printing, attending stove, trimming | |
| and packing. | |
| Woodworking— | |
| Brush making | Fibre dressers, brush makers and on boring |
| machinery. | |
| Furniture | Light upholstery, cramping, dowelling, |
| glueing, fret-work, carving by hand or | |
| machine, staining and polishing. | |
| Saw mills | On planing, moulding, sand-papering, boring, |
| mortising, dovetailing, tenoning, turning and | |
| nailing machines. Taking off from circular | |
| saws; box making, printing and painting. | |
| Cooperage | Barrel making machines. |
| Paper mills | In rag grinding and attending to beating and |
| breaking machines, and to coating machines, | |
| calenders and in certain preparations and | |
| finishing and warehouse processes. | |
| Printing | Machine feeding (on platen machines and |
| on guillotines) and as linotype operators. | |
| Wire rope | On stranding and spinning machines. |
| Chemical works | Attending at crystallising tanks and for |
| yard work. | |
| Soap | As soap millers and in general work. |
| Paint | At roller mills, filling tins and kegs, |
| labeling and packing. | |
| Oil and cake mills | Trucking, feeding and drawing off from chutes, |
| attending to presses. | |
| Flour mills | Trucking. |
| Bread and biscuits | Attending to dough-breaks, biscuit machines, |
| and at the ovens assisting bakers. | |
| Tobacco | Leaf cutting, cigarette making, soldering, |
| trucking and warehouse work. | |
| Rubber | At washing machines, grinding mills, dough |
| rolls, solutioning, motor tube making. | |
| Malting | Spreading and general work. |
| Breweries | Cask washing, tun-room work, beer bottling |
| and bottle washing. | |
| Distilleries | In the mill and yeast houses. |
| Cement | Attending weighing machines, trucking. |
| Foundries | Core making, moulding. |
| Tanning and currying | At the pits, in finishing and drying, and in |
| oiling, setting up, buffing and staining. | |
| Woolen mills | Beaming and overlooking, attending drying |
| machines, carding, pattern weaving. | |
| Jute mills | On softening machines, dressing yarn, |
| calendering. | |
| Cotton mills | In blowing room on spinning mules, beaming, |
| twisting and drawing, and in warehouse. | |
| Hosiery | Folding and warehouse work. |
| Lace | Threading. |
| Print, bleach and | Beetling, assisting printers at machines, |
| dye works | warehouse processes. |
Appendix C
The following tables from the second report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science bring out in detail, first, the gradual disappearance of unemployment and short time and the increase of women’s numbers in industry from September, 1914, to April, 1916; second, the changes in numbers of women in the various occupations, both industrial and nonindustrial in December, 1915, and April, 1916, compared with July, 1914, and, third, similar details as to the number of women who were undertaking “men’s work.”
STATE OF EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN AT VARIOUS DATES
SINCE THE OUTBREAK OF WAR, COMPARED WITH STATE
OF EMPLOYMENT IN JULY, 1914
(“Industrial” employment only.
Numbers employed July, 1914 = 100 per
cent.)
| Sept., 1914 |
Oct., 1914 |
Dec., 1914 |
Feb., 1915 |
Oct., 1915 |
Dec., 1915 |
Feb., 1916 |
April, 1916 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Contraction (-) or expansion (+) in numbers employed |
-8.4 | -6.2 | -3.2 | -1.5 | +7.4 | +9.2 | +10.9 | +13.2 |
| Employed on overtime | 2.1 | 5.9 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 13.9 | 14.5 | 12.8 | ... |
| Employed on short time | 36.0 | 26.0 | 19.4 | 12.6 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 4.6 | ... |
EXTENSION OF THE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN
IN DECEMBER, 1915 AND APRIL, 1916
| Occupations Group | Estimated Industrial Population. |
Increase (+) or Decrease (-) of Females in |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| July, 1914, Females |
Dec., 1915 | April, 1916 | |
| Building | 7,000 | + 3,600 | + 6,400 |
| Mines and Quarries | 9,000 | + 800 | + 2,300 |
| Metal Trades | 144,000 | + 71,700 | +126,900 |
| Chemical Trades | 40,000 | + 19,400 | + 33,600 |
| Textile Trades | 851,000 | + 29,700 | + 27,800 |
| Clothing Trades | 654,000 | + 6,700 | + 11,700 |
| Food Trades | 170,000 | + 31,700 | + 30,900 |
| Paper and Printing Trades | 169,000 | ... | - 900 |
| Wood Trades | 39,000 | + 7,400 | + 13,200 |
| Other Trades | 96,000 | + 25,400 | + 35,700 |
| All “Industrial” Occupations | 2,180,000 | +196,500 | +287,500 |
| Commercial | 474,500 | ... | +181,000 |
| Professional | 68,500 | ... | + 13,000 |
| Banking and Finance | 9,500 | ... | + 23,000 |
| Public Entertainment | 172,000 | ... | + 14,000 |
| Agriculture | ... | ... | ... |
| Transport | 9,500 | ... | + 16,000 |
| Civil Service | 63,000 | ... | + 29,000 |
| Arsenals, Dockyards, etc. | 2,000 | ... | + 13,000 |
| Local Government (incl. Teachers) | 184,000 | ... | + 21,000 |
| Domestic Service | ... | ... | ... |
| Total for “Nonindustrial” Occupations | 983,000 | ... | +310,000 |
| Total for all Occupations | 3,163,000 | ... | +597,500 |
EXTENT OF SUBSTITUTION OF FEMALE FOR MALE
WORKERS IN DECEMBER, 1915, AND APRIL, 1916.
| Occupations Group | Estimated number of Females on work in substitution of Males’ work |
|
|---|---|---|
| December, 1915 | April, 1916 | |
| Building | 6,100 | 8,800 |
| Mines and Quarries | 2,700 | 4,400 |
| Metal Trades | 70,300 | 117,400 |
| Chemical Trades | 9,600 | 16,200 |
| Textile Trades | 57,600 | 73,400 |
| Clothing Trades | 30,400 | 42,300 |
| Food Trades | 29,500 | 35,000 |
| Paper and Printing Trades | 22,500 | 23,600 |
| Wood Trades | 11,400 | 17,400 |
| Other Trades | 27,000 | 37,400 |
| All “Industrial” Occupations | 267,100 | 375,900 |
| Commercial | ... | 189,000 |
| Professional | ... | 16,000 |
| Banking and Finance | ... | 25,000 |
| Public Entertainment | ... | 32,000 |
| Agriculture | ... | ... |
| Transport | ... | 18,000 |
| Civil Service | ... | 31,000 |
| Arsenals, Dockyards, etc. | ... | 13,000 |
| Local Government (incl. Teachers) | ... | 37,000 |
| Domestic Service | ... | ... |
| Total for “Nonindustrial” Occupations | ... | 361,000 |
| Total for all Occupations | ... | 736,900 |
Appendix D
The following table, compiled from the quarterly reports in the Labour Gazette and a special report of the Board of Trade, gives the increase in the employment of women between April, 1916, and July, 1918, for the most of the important occupational groups. It can not be compared directly with the similar tables, previously given, prepared by the British Association for the Advancement of Science, because of slight differences in the estimates of the numbers employed in July, 1914.
EXTENSION OF THE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN IN THE
UNITED KINGDOM, APRIL, 1916-JULY, 1918
(Classified by employers’ position, not by nature of work.)
| Estimated No. Empl July, 1914 |
Estimated increase since July, 1914 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| April, 1916 |
July, 1916 |
Oct., 1916 |
Jan., 1917 |
April, 1917 |
||
| Industrial Occupations[291] | 2,176,000 | 275,000 | 361,000 | 393,000 | 423,000 | 453,000 |
| Government Establishments[292] | 2,000 | 25,000 | 79,000 | 117,000 | 147,000 | 198,000 |
| Commercial | 496,000 | 166,000 | 240,000 | 268,000 | 274,000 | 307,000 |
| Professional (mainly clerks) | 50,500 | 13,000 | 14,000 | 15,000 | 18,000 | 21,000 |
| Banking, Finance (mainly clerks) | 9,500 | 23,000 | 32,000 | 37,000 | 43,000 | 50,000 |
| Hotels, Theaters | 181,000 | 12,000 | 20,000 | 16,000 | 10,000 | 13,000 |
| Agriculture (perm. labor Gt. Britain) | 80,000 | -14,000 | 20,000 | 500 | -14,000 | ... |
| Transport (not municipal) | 17,000 | 23,000 | 35,000 | 41,000 | 51,000 | 62,000 |
| Civil Service | 66,000 | 39,000 | 58,000 | 67,000 | 76,000 | 89,000 |
| Local Government[293] | 198,000 | 21,000 | 30,000 | 34,000 | 44,000 | 47,000 |
| Other | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Total | 3,276,000 | 583,000 | 889,000 | 988,500 | 1,072,000 | 1,240,000 |
| Estimated increase since July, 1914 | Per cent of increase July, 1914- July, 1918 |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July, 1917 |
Oct., 1917 |
Jan., 1918 |
April, 1918 |
July, 191 |
||
| Industrial Occupations[294] | 518,000 | 529,000 | 533,000 | 537,000 | 565,000 | 26.0 |
| Government Establishments[295] | 202,000 | 211,000 | 207,500 | 197,000 | 223,000 | 11,200.0 |
| Commercial | 324,000 | 333,000 | 343,000 | 354,000 | 364,000 | 73.4 |
| Professional (mainly clerks) | 20,000 | 50,000 | 50,000 | 57,000 | ... | 4.0 |
| Banking, Finance (mainly clerks) | 54,000 | 59,000 | 61,000 | 63,000 | 65,000 | 687.0 |
| Hotels, Theaters | 22,000 | 28,000 | 26,000 | 25,000 | 39,000 | 21.5 |
| Agriculture (perm. labor Gt. Britain) | 23,000 | 7,000 | -6,000 | 9,000 | 33,000 | 41.3 |
| Transport (not municipal) | 72,000 | 77,000 | 76,000 | 78,000 | ... | ... |
| Civil Service | 98,000 | 116,500 | 124,000 | 159,000 | 168,000 | 255.0 |
| Local Government[296] | 49,000 | 51,500 | 51,500 | 53,000 | 52,000 | 26.5 |
| Other | ... | ... | ... | ... | 150,000 | ... |
| Total | 1,382,000 | 1,462,000 | 1,466,000 | 1,532,000 | 1,659,000 | 50.6 |
Appendix E
The following table, compiled from the Labour Gazette, and a special report of the Board of Trade, gives a quarterly estimate of the number of women replacing men for the period between April, 1916, and April, 1918.
NUMBER OF FEMALES SUBSTITUTED FOR MALE WORKERS
IN THE UNITED KINGDOM IN CERTAIN OCCUPATIONS,
BY QUARTERS, APRIL, 1916-APRIL, 1918
| April, 1916 |
July, 1916 |
Oct., 1916 |
Jan., 1917 |
April, 1917 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industrial Occupations[297] | 213,000 | 264,000 | 314,000 | 376,000 | 438,000 |
| Government Establishments[298] | 13,000 | 79,000 | 117,000 | 139,000 | 187,000 |
| Commercial | 152,000 | 226,000 | 264,000 | 278,000 | 308,000 |
| Professional (mainly clerks) | 12,000 | 15,000 | 15,000 | 17,000 | 20,000 |
| Banking, Finance (mainly clerks) | 21,000 | 31,000 | 37,000 | 42,000 | 48,000 |
| Hotels, Theaters | 27,000 | 31,000 | 30,000 | 31,000 | 35,000 |
| Agriculture (perm. labor, Gt. Britain) | 37,000 | 35,000 | 20,000 | 23,000 | 32,000 |
| Transport (not municipal) | 24,000 | 35,000 | 41,000 | 52,000 | 64,000 |
| Civil Service | 30,000 | 41,000 | 64,000 | 73,000 | 83,000 |
| Local Government[299] | 18,000 | 26,000 | 31,000 | 40,000 | 41,000 |
| Total | 547,000 | 783,000 | 933,000 | 1,071,000 | 1,256,000 |
| July, 1917 |
Oct., 1917 |
Jan., 1918 |
April, 1918 |
(A) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Industrial Occupations[300] | 464,000 | 490,000 | 503,000 | 531,000 | 24.4 |
| Government Establishments[301] | 191,000 | 202,000 | 197,000 | 187,000 | 9,350.0 |
| Commercial | 328,000 | 337,000 | 342,000 | 352,000 | 70.9 |
| Professional (mainly clerks) | 21,000 | 22,000 | 22,000 | 22,500 | 44.5 |
| Banking, Finance (mainly clerks) | 53,000 | 55,000 | 57,000 | 59,500 | 626.3 |
| Hotels, Theaters | 38,000 | 44,500 | 45,000 | 44,500 | 24.5 |
| Agriculture (perm. labor, Gt. Britain) | 43,000 | 33,000 | 31,000 | 40,000 | 50.0 |
| Transport (not municipal) | 74,000 | 78,500 | 78,000 | 79,500 | 21.3 |
| Civil Service | 99,000 | 107,000 | 123,000 | 153,000 | 231.8 |
| Local Government[302] | 43,000 | 44,000 | 44,000 | 47,000 | 23.7 |
| Total | 1,354,000 | 1,413,000 | 1,442,000 | 1,516,000 | 46.2 |
(A) = Per cent No. of substitutes in April, 1918, is of total No. employed in July, 1914
Appendix F
ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FEMALES DIRECTLY
REPLACING MALES IN VARIOUS BRANCHES
OF INDUSTRY IN JANUARY, 1918.
(Compiled from the Report of the War Cabinet Committee
on Women in Industry.)
| Trade | |
| Metal | 195,000 |
| Chemical | 35,000 |
| Textile | 64,000 |
| Clothing | 43,000 |
| Food, Drink and Tobacco | 60,000 |
| Paper and Printing | 21,000 |
| Wood, China and Earthenware, Leather | 23,000 |
| Other | 62,000 |
| Government Establishments | 197,000 |
| Total | 700,000 |
ESTIMATED NUMBER OF FEMALES DIRECTLY
REPLACING MALES IN VARIOUS BRANCHES
OF COMMERCE IN APRIL, 1918.
(Compiled from the Report of the Board of Trade
on the Employment of Women in April, 1918.)
| Wholesale and Retail Drapers, Haberdashers, Clothiers, | 41,000 |
| Wholesale and Retail Grocers, Bakers, Confectioners | 92,000 |
| Wholesale and Retail Stationers and Booksellers | 16,000 |
| Wholesale and Retail Butchers, Fishmongers, Dairymen | 30,000 |
| Retail Chemists | 12,000 |
| Retail Boot and Shoe Dealers | 8,000 |
| Total (including some not specified above) | 352,000 |
Appendix G
ESTIMATE BY THE BRITISH WAR CABINET COMMITTEE ON
WOMEN IN INDUSTRY ON AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS
OF WOMEN IN VARIOUS OCCUPATIONS AT
THE END OF THE WAR.
Earnings under 25s. weekly:
Dressmakers, milliners (first five years), laundry workers, pottery workers (most grades), knife girls and kitchen hands in refreshment houses.
Earning between 25s. and 30s. weekly:
Cutlery workers, soap and candle makers (unskilled), corner tenters (cotton), woolen and worsted weavers, backwashers (Scotch Tweed), dyers and cleaners, biscuit makers, cigarette makers, pottery workers (certain grades), waitresses in refreshment depots.
Earning between 30s. and 35s. weekly:
Ammunition makers (women’s work), chainmakers, salt packers, fine chemical workers, soap makers (most operations), card-room operatives (cotton), clothing machinists, workers in grain milling and brewing, cigar makers, shop assistants (co-operative).
Earning between 35s. and 40s. weekly:
Workers in the light casting trade, chemical laborers, big tenters and ring-spiners (cotton), wool combers, tailoring fitters and cutters, boot operatives, bakery workers, jigger women in potteries, tanners, shop assistants (large stores).
Earning between 40s. and 45s. weekly:
Workers in engineering, chemicals (shift work) and explosives; textile dyers, tobacco machinists, motor drivers (for shop), railway carriage cleaners, telephonists, railway clerks.
Earning between 45s. and 50s. weekly:
Cloth lookers (cotton), hosiery machinists, web dyers, gas index readers and lamp-lighters, railway porters, ticket collectors, telegraphists.
Earning between 50s. and 60s. weekly:
Ledger clerks, Civil Service clerks (Class I).
Earning over 60s.:
Women on skilled men’s work in engineering omnibus conductors (London), gas workers (heavy work for South Metropolitan Gas Co.).
Appendix H
NUMBER OF ORDERS MODIFYING THE LABOR LAWS, ISSUED
FROM AUGUST 4, 1914, TO FEBRUARY 19, 1915
(Report of the Chief Inspector of Factories and Workshops for 1914, p. 56.)
| Textile: | Clothing: | |||
| Wool | 748 | Uniforms | 514 | |
| Hosiery | 231 | Fur coats | 9 | |
| Cotton | 159 | Boots | 245 | |
| Flax | 28 | Caps | 28 | |
| Hemp and jute | 29 | Shirts | 73 | |
| Silk | 8 | Bedding | 33 | |
| Dyeing and finishing | 37 | Surgical dressings | 21 | |
| Leather and leather equipment | 105 | Tobacco | 10 | |
| Canvas equipment | 137 | Food | 37 | |
| Munitions | 151 | Tin boxes | 37 | |
| Shipbuilding | 15 | Camp equipment | 52 | |
| Electrical supply | 35 | Wire and wire netting | 34 | |
| Metal accessories | 141 | Wagons, etc. | 34 | |
| Machinery | 57 | Rubber | 16 | |
| Wood | 44 | Miscellaneous | 73 | |
| Total | 3,141 |
Appendix I
The following list of modifications of the hour laws in 1915 was compiled from the Report of the Chief Inspector of Factories and Workshops for 1915.
| Industry | Persons Affected | Latitude |
|---|---|---|
| Munitions. | Women. | As in 1914. |
| Boys over 14. | ||
| Girls over 16. | ||
| Woolen and worsted | Women and young persons. | 6 hours weekly overtime, |
| (from May). | in 2-hour shifts on | |
| 3 days or 1½ hours on | ||
| 4 days. No overtime | ||
| on Saturday. | ||
| Weaving (July-Nov.). | Women and young | 8 hours weekly overtime |
| persons over 16. | in 2-hour shifts on 4 days. | |
| Hosiery. | Protected persons. | 1½ hours overtime on 4 |
| days, or 1 hour on | ||
| 5 days, but not on | ||
| Saturday or Sunday. | ||
| Cotton. | Protected persons. | 6 hours overtime weekly. |
| Margarine. | Not stated. | Not stated. |
| Window shades. | Not stated. | Not stated. |
| Flax. | Not stated. | Not stated. |
| Rope walks. | Not stated. | 6 hours overtime weekly. |
| Bleach and dye works | Not stated. | 6 hours overtime weekly. |
| (surgical dressings; | ||
| raising and finishing | ||
| flannelette). | ||
| Tanning and currying. | Women. | 4 hours overtime weekly. |
| Boys over 14. | ||
| Canvas equipment. | Not stated. | 5 hours overtime weekly. |
| Shipbuilding. | Boys over 14. | (a) Overtime, 5 hours a |
| week for boys under | ||
| 16; 7½ hours for | ||
| those over 16. | ||
| (b) Eight hour shifts. | ||
| (c) Day and night shifts. | ||
| Bread baking. | (a) Boys 17. | (a) Night shift (not |
| exceeding 9 hours). | ||
| (b) Boys 15 and over. | (b) Any period of 9 hours | |
| between 4 a.m. and | ||
| 8 p.m. | ||
| Pastry baking | (a) Women and boys | (a) Night shift (not |
| (Scotland). | of 17. | exceeding 9 hours). |
| (b) Boys 15 and over. | (b) Any period of 9 hours | |
| between 4 a.m. and | ||
| 8 p.m. | ||
| Chocolate.[303] | Women. | When necessary, on account |
| of hot weather, between | ||
| 6 a.m. and 10 p.m. for | ||
| for two spells of 4 hours | ||
| each, one in the morning | ||
| and one in the afternoon. | ||
| Leather equipment.[304] | Women and young | Overtime 1½ hours per day. |
| persons over 16. | ||
| Aerated waters.[305] | Women. | Extension of overtime |
| allowed by S. 49. | ||
| Glass. | Boys over 13 | Extension of S. 55. |
| (educationally qualified). | ||
| Oil and cake mills. | Women and boys | 8-hour shifts, or day |
| over 16. | and night shifts. | |
| Flour mills. | Women and boys | 8-hour shifts, or day |
| over 16 | and night shifts. | |
| Toys and games.[306] | Women. | Overtime as allowed by S.49 |
| and night shifts during | ||
| the Christmas season. | ||
| Dairies. | Women and young | 5 hours on Sundays, with |
| persons. | weekly limit of 60 hours. | |
| No other overtime during | ||
| the week. | ||
| Paper mills. | Women. | 8-hour shifts, or day |
| and night shifts. | ||
| Pottery. | Not stated. | Suspension of certain |
| regulations. | ||
| Sandbags.[307] | Women and young persons. |
Overtime, 3 hours per week. |
| Cement (Essex and Kent). | Women. | Night shift. |
| Waterproof capes | Women and young | (1) Overtime, 4½ hours |
| (War Office | persons over 16. | per week. |
| contracts).[308] | (2) Permission for Christians | |
| to work on Saturday | ||
| and Jews on Sunday. | ||
| Manchester warehouses. | Women and boys | Overtime, 2 hours on not |
| over 16. | more than 4 days a week | |
| and on not more than 12 | ||
| days in any 4 weeks. | ||
| Lace and patent net | Women, | (1) Different periods |
| factories (processes | girls over 16; | of employment for |
| of threading, brass | boys over 14. | different workers. |
| bobbin winding, | (2) Where (1) is impractic- | |
| jacking off | able overtime 1½ hours | |
| and stripping). | per day, but with a | |
| weekly limit of 60 | ||
| hours exclusive of | ||
| meal times. | ||
| Non-textile works | Women, | Rearrangement of the |
| engaged on work for | girls over 16; | statutory hours but |
| the Crown, or on | boys over 14. | period of employment |
| work required in | not to exceed 14 hours | |
| the national | on any one day, or 60 | |
| interest.[309] | hours (exclusive of | |
| meal times) in any week. |
Appendix J
GENERAL ORDER REGULATING OVERTIME
ISSUED BY THE HOME OFFICE
SEPTEMBER 9, 1916.
The following is the full text of the
parts of the order applying to women: