El Capitán Veneno / The Hispanic Series

III. iii. La convalecencia

1. It was worth seeing how our hero moved about as the days passed.

2. The doctor gave orders that George should leave his bed; but not move his bad leg.

3. The nurses do not fail the doctors.

4. They have a big chair made for the sick man.

5. They have a better understanding with him now.

6. They ought to have had it much sooner.

7. That chair was quite a masterpiece with its adjustable parts.

8. He sends them fancy boxes of candy so they can celebrate the day.

9. In spite of the widow's being worse, they all pass a merry day.

10. Let us eat and drink and spend a happy day.

III. iv. Mirada retrospectiva

1. It is evident the captain has changed somewhat in his manners.

2. He has won indeed the confidence of the countess.

3. He appreciates it of her, and is glad to cause her less dread of himself.

4. He talks to Angustias still as though talking to soldiers.

5. His eyes follow her and rest on her and inquire what her sadness is about.

6. He says to her: "Don't serve me in silence and be so sad!"

7. He asked her mother what ailed her daughter.

8. She quits her smiling and gets angry.

9. I guess you are mad and I know why.

10. If she flees, he repents and asks what she wants.

III. vi. Catástrofe

1. The poor widow gets sick as the captain gets well.

2. They put the widow's bedroom opposite his.

3. They see each other and can talk and Rosa can watch with both at night.

4. They did put the sick people so they could see each other.

5. Doña Teresa dozed and calmed down the next day.

6. If Angustias should not stay, something would happen.

7. The girl bids her mother to yield to the orders of the doctor.

8. It must be two o'clock and Angustias has retired; the servant is sitting up (watching) but snoring.

9. George does not sleep, but hears the widow breathe hard and call him.

10. Angustias did not wake up till after the mother had talked with the captain and was already dead.

IV. i. De cómo el capitán llegó a hablar solo

1. Fifteen days more have passed and the convalescent is able to get about rapidly.

2. He could have gone home, but he stayed.

3. He sees he can't wish to do what he ought to do.

4. My father imagined it all when I was born; and killed himself.

5. After all these years I come and fall into the hands of these women.

6. The old marquis had called George silly and now George calls him silly.

7. If she doesn't come, we shall no longer talk and laugh while we eat and drink.

8. She did not know what her mother told him.

9. I am deceiving her for I have no money in my purse.

10. She will not go on thus when she knows.

IV. ii. Batalla campal

1. "Let us be superior to our fears," said she.

2. I do not lack courage and can live in peace.

3. He would not let her proceed without interrupting her.

4. Think of your mother and pray God for her.

5. Be calm now; let us settle up our accounts.

6. Angustias knows something that the captain doesn't suppose she does know.

7. She has received a letter and will show it to him now.

8. He begs her to allow him to pay for the tombstone.

9. If he deceived her, she would know it afterwards anyway.

10. Tell me what the letter says, or show it to me; but don't imagine I am deceiving you!

ABBREVIATIONS

Forms like del, al, alargue (from alargar), ahorque (ahorcar), rece (rezar) are not given as titles in the vocabulary. The student will need to know the irregular verbs at sight: puse, vino, puesto, dije, dicho, hecho, etc.

Gender indications are omitted as follows;

• A
• a, at, to;
  • pedir ——, to ask from;
  • al año, in a year;
  • al ver, as he saw;
  • —— poco de, soon after;
  • amar —— Dios, to love God;
  • —— consecuencia de, in consequence of;
  • quien —— hierro mata, he who kills by the sword;
  • —— causa de, because of;
  • derecho ——, right to;
  • —— su modo, in his way;
  • —— más prisa, with more haste;
  • escapar ——, to escape from
• abajo, below, down, downward
• abandonar, to abandon, leave
• abanicar, to fan
• abanico, fan
• abatimiento, collapse, depression, gloom
• abierto, -a, opened; see abrir
• abogado, advocate, lawyer
• abonar, to repay, warrant, insure, promise, make good
• aborrecer, to abhor, hate
• aborrecimiento, abhorrence
• abrazar, to embrace;
  • —se a la cruz, to cling to the cross
• abril, m., April
• abrir, to open
• absoluto, -a, absolute
• abstenerse, to abstain, refrain
• abstruso, -a, abstruse, difficult
• absurdo, -a, absurd
• abuelo, grandfather
• aburrir, to bore, tire, vex
• acá, here
• acabar, to end, finish;
  • acabo de llegar, I have just arrived
• acariciar, to caress, fondle
• acaso, perhaps, possibly;
  • por ——, by chance
• acatamiento, veneration, respect
• acceso, access
• accidente, m., accident, occurrence
• acción, action, battle
• aceleradamente, swiftly; hurriedly
• acento, accent; tone
• aceptable, acceptable
• aceptar, to accept
• acera (for facera), facing, frontage; row (of houses), sidewalk
• acerca de, about, concerning
• acercarse, to approach, draw near
• acero, steel
• acomodar, to accommodate, suit
• acompañar, to accompany, join
• acondicionar, to dispose, arrange
• aconsejar, to counsel, advise
• acontecer, to happen
• acontecimiento, happening, event, incident
• acordarse, to remember
• acosar, to pursue, beset
• acostar, to put to bed
• acostarse, to go to bed
• acostumbrar, to accustom, be accustomed
• acreditar, to credit, prove
• acritud, acrimony, sharpness, harshness
• activo, -a, active
• acto, act;
  • en el ——, at once
• actual, present
• actualidad, present time
• acudir, to hasten, respond
• acuerdo, accord, agreement;
  • de —— con, in accord with
• acusar, to accuse; to announce (at cards)
• achaque, m., chronic disease or trouble
• adelantar, to advance, go on
• adelante, forward;
  • en ——, henceforth
• ademán, m., motion of the hand, attitude, gesture, look
• además, moreover, besides
• adicto, -a, devoted
• adiós, adieu, good-by
• adminículo, aid, help, contrivance
• administración, administration
• administrador, administrator
• admirable, admirable
• admirablemente, admirably
• admirar, to admire
• admisible, admissible, welcome
• admitir, to allow, accept
• adolecer, to suffer, be afflicted
• adonde, where, to where
• adorable, adorable
• adoración, adoration
• adorar, to adore
• adquirir, to acquire
• adversario, adversary
• advertir, to inform, warn
• afabilidad, affability
• afable, affable
• afán, m., anxiety, eagerness, toil
• afanosamente, anxiously; eagerly
• afanoso, -a, anxious, earnest
• afección, affection, ailment
• afecto, affection
• afecto, -a, subject to, liable to
• afectuoso, -a, affectionate, friendly
• afeitar, to shave
• afición, affection
• afilado, -a, sharp, drawn
• afilar, to edge, sharpen, point
• afligir, to afflict
• afortunadamente, fortunately
• afortunado, -a, fortunate
• agenciar, to effect, obtain, try to effect
• agente, agent
• agonizar, to be in death agony
• agradecer, to thank, give thanks; to be grateful to a person for a thing
• agradecimiento, gratitude
• agravante, aggravating, annoying
• agregar, to aggregate, add
• agrio, -a, acrid, sour, rough, rude
• agrónomo, agriculturist;
  • perito ——, land expert
• agua, water
• aguantar, to bear, stand, endure
• aguardar, to await, expect
• agudo, -a, acute, keen, sharp
• aguja, needle
• agujerear, to pierce
• ¡ah! ah!
• ahí, there, yonder
• ahogar, to stifle, overpower, oppress
• ahora, now;
  • —— mismo, right now
• ahorcar, to hang
• ahorrar, to save, spare
• ahumar, to smoke
• aire, m., air, manner
• ajeno, -a, alien, strange, foreign, of another, another's
• ajustar, to adjust
• alarde, m., parade, show
• alargar, to hand, reach, pass
• alarma, alarm
• alarmar, to alarm
• albergar, to harbor, shelter
• albor, dawn
• Albornoz, place name
• alborotar, to arouse, excite, stir up
• alcanzar, to reach, overtake, include
• alcoba, alcove, bedroom;
  • —— de honor, best bedroom, guest chamber
• alegar, to allege, affirm
• alegrar, to cheer, cheer up;
  • —se, to rejoice, be glad
• alegre, gay, merry
• alegremente, joyfully
• alegría, joy, cheerfulness, gaiety
• alejar, to put far or away, remove
• alejarse, to retreat, depart, go away
• alevoso, -a, treacherous
• alfeñique, m., taffy, candy
• alfombra, carpet
• Alfonso, Alphonse
• algo, neuter of alguno, somewhat, something, anything
• algodón, m., cotton;
  • —— en rama, cotton wool (in bulk)
• alguien, somebody, anybody, some one, any one
• algún, alguno, -a, some, any;
  • alguno que otro, one and another, some, a few
• alhaja, jewel
• alimentar, to feed, sustain
• aliviar, to alleviate, relieve
• alma, soul, heart;
  • —— de dios, blessed one;
  • de mi ——, my dear or beloved...
• almohada, pillow, bolster
• almorzar, to breakfast
• almuerzo, breakfast
• alquilar, to let, rent;
  • se alquila, for rent
• alteración, alteration, change
• altercado, controversy, quarrel
• alternativamente, alternately
• altivez, pride, haughtiness
• alto, -a, high, tall;
  • en ——, on high
• Álvarez, the marquis
• Álvaro, Don Alvaro (the marquis)
• alzar, to put alto, raise;
  • —se, to arise
• allá, there, to there, thither
• allí, there
• ama, mistress, nurse;
  • —— de huéspedes, boarding-house keeper;
  • —— de leche, wet nurse
• amabilidad, amiability, kindness
• amabilísimo, -a, most amiable
• amable, amiable, kind
• amamantar, to nurse, suckle
• amanecer, to dawn, become morning
• amansar, to tame down, soften
• amapola, poppy
• amar, to love
• amargo, -a, bitter
• ambos, -as, both
• amenazar, to menace, threaten
• ameno, -a, pleasant, agreeable. (Cf. Eng. amenity)
• América, America
• amigo, -a, friend
• amnistiar, to grant amnesty to, pardon, pacify
• amodorramiento, stupor; heavy sleep
• amor, love; pl., love affair;
  • —— propio, vanity, pride;
  • requerir de —es, to woo, court
• amoroso, -a, loving, affectionate
• amortajar, to shroud
• amostazar, to provoke;
  • —se, to be exasperated, fly into a passion
• amparar, to protect, assist
• amparo, protection
• amputación, amputation
• análisis, analysis
• anchura, breadth
• anchuroso, -a, spacious
• andar, to go, move along, walk
• ángel, m., angel
• angelical, angelical
• angustia, anguish, affliction
• Angustias, the heroine
• anhelar (really to pant after; cf. Eng. in-hale, ex-hale), to crave, long for, be eager to
• anillo, ring
• animal, animal-like, animal
• animar, to animate
• ánimo, mind, purpose
• anoche, last night
• anochecer, to become night or dark
• ansia, eagerness, anxiety
• ante, before;
  • —— todo, especially
• anteanoche, the night before last
• antedicho, -a, aforesaid
• anteojo, telescope, eyeglass; pl., spectacles
• anterior, anterior, previous
• anterioridad, anteriority;
  • con ——, previously
• antes, before, formerly;
  • —— bien, on the contrary, rather;
  • —— de, before
• antevíspera, two days before
• anticipación, anticipation;
  • con —— debida, in plenty of time
• antiguamente, formerly, anciently
• antiguo, -a, ancient, old
• anual, annual
• anular, to annul, nullify, eclipse
• anunciar, to announce
• añadir, to add
• año, year
• apaciblemente, peacefully
• aparato, apparatus
• aparatoso, -a, showy, dressy, fine, stately, splendid, brilliant
• aparecer, to appear
• aparentar, to pretend, seem
• aparente, apparent
• apariencia, appearance
• apartar, to remove, put aside
• apasionado, -a, passionate
• apear, to get on foot, alight, dismount
• apelar (a), to appeal, have recourse to
• apellidar, to name, call;
  • —se, to be named
• apenas, hardly, scarcely
• ápice, m., apex, point, jot;
  • en un ——, in any particular
• aplacar, to appease, pacify
• aplaudir, to applaud
• aplauso, applause
• apoderarse de, to seize, take possession of
• aposento, room, apartment
• apoyar, to rest, lean, support
• apoyo, support, prop
• aprecio, appreciation, esteem
• apresuradamente, hastily
• apresuramiento, eagerness, haste
• apresurarse, to hasten, be pressed, hurry
• apretar, to press, bear on;
  • ¡Apriete usted! "Pile it on!"
• apuntar, to write down, note; to begin to sprout, appear.
• apurar, to consume, exhaust;
  • —se, to grieve, be afflicted, worry
• apuro, distress, want, affliction
• aquel, aquella, that
• aquél, aquélla, aquello, the one, that one, that matter
• aquí, here;
  • por ——, here, this way
• Aragón, Aragón (the province in northern Spain)
• aragonés, -esa, Aragonese
• archivo, archives
• arder, to burn, blaze
• ardiente, ardent, burning
• ardoroso, -a, fiery
• arengar, to harangue, urge on
• aristócrata, m., aristocrat
• arma, arm, weapon;
  • pasar por las —s, to shoot, execute (by shooting)
• armar, to arm, set up, start;
  • —se, to begin (a row)
• Armida, the sorceress (in Tasso's Jerusalem Delivered and in Gluck's opera Armida)
• armónico, -a, harmonious
• arrancar, to snatch, tear off, jerk
• arranque, m., shock, outburst, impulse
• arrastrar, to drag, trail;
  • —se, to last long
• ¡arre! get up! (said to a horse or a mule)
• arrebato, fit of passion, rush, impulse
• arreglar, to regulate, adjust
• arreglo, rule, order, arrangement;
  • con —— a, in keeping with
• arremeter, to assail, attack
• arrepentimiento, repentance
• arrepentirse, to repent
• arresto, arrest
• arrimo, prop, relative, connection, intimate friends
• arrobamiento, rapture, delight
• arrojar, to throw, dash
• arroyo, brook, gutter
• arruinado, -a, tumble-down
• arruinar, to ruin
• arte, m. or f., art, skill, way, manner
• articular, to articulate, join, fit together
• artículo, article
• asaz (old word), enough, very
• asegurar, to assure
• asesinar, to assassinate
• asesor, counselor, attorney
• asesorar, to counsel, advise
• así, so, thus;
  • cosa ——, some such thing;
  • —— como, just as, like;
  • ——... como,... as well as...;
  • —— que, as soon as;
  • —— y todo, with all that, anyway
• asiento, seat
• asimismo, likewise, just the same way
• asistir, to assist, be present, prompt
• asomada, appearance, looking (as from a window)
• asomarse, to appear, look, peep out
• asombro, amazement, astonishment
• asomo, appearance, trace, sign
• aspecto, aspect, appearance
• áspero, -a, harsh, rough
• astro, star
• asturiano, -a, Asturian; of the province of Asturias; Asturian dialect
• asunto, subject, matter, business
• asustadizo, -a, timid, bashful;
  • poco —s, bold and bad
• asustar, to frighten;
  • —se, to take fright
• atajar, to cut off, head off
• atajo, short cut
• atar, to bind, tie
• Ataulfo, the Visigoth king, assassinated 415 A.D.
• atención, attention
• atender, to attend
• atendible, worthy of attention, important
• atento, -a, attentive, polite
• aterrar, to terrify
• atildado, -a, neat, trim, spruce
• atormentar, to torment, trouble
• atraer, to attract, draw
• atranque, m., difficulty, tight place
• atrás, back, backward, behind
• atravesar, to traverse, cross, pierce, block
• atreverse, to dare
• atrevido, -a, bold, daring
• atril, m., reading-desk (as in a pew)
• atrocidad, atrocity, atrocious thing
• atropellar, to trample down, rush over, excite, flurry
• atroz, atrocious, fierce
• atusar, to stroke, smooth out, twist, curl
• audiencia, audience, hearing
• aullido, howl
• aumentar, to augment, enlarge
• aumento, increase
• aun, aún, yet, even
• aunque, although; even though; but
• ausencia, absence
• austero, -a, austere, stern
• auto, legal act, edict, decision
• autómata, m., automaton, automatic or self-acting thing
• autor, author
• autoridad, authority
• auxiliar, m. or f., auxiliary, helper
• auxiliar, to assist, aid
• avanzar, to advance
• avaro, -a, avaricious, miserly; miser
• aversión, aversion, dislike
• avisar, to advise, inform, warn
• aviso, notice, advice, information;
  • estar sobre ——, to be on one's guard
• ¡ay! alas! oh! ah! ayes, m. pl., sighs, lamentations
• ayer, yesterday
• ayuda, aid, help
• ayudar, to aid, help
• azahar, m., fragrant flower (of orange, lemon, etc.)
• Azpeitia, a town in Guipúzcoa
• azúcar, m., sugar
• azucena, lily
• azufre, m., sulphur
• B
• ¡bah! bah! pshaw!
• bajar, to lower;
  • —se, to descend, stoop
• bajo, -a, low, short;
  • piso ——, groundfloor
• bajo, under, beneath
• Bajo-Aragón, Lower Aragon
• bala, ball, bullet
• balazo, wound (from a bullet)
• balbucear, to stammer
• balde: de—— , gratis, for nothing
• bañar[se], to bathe
• baraja, pack of playing cards
• barato, -a, cheap;
  • meter a —— , to cross, discredit; to cloud (the issue)
• barbaridad, barbarity, rude remark
• Barbastro, the fictitious Carlist general, father of Angustias
• barricada, barricade, obstruction
• barro, clay, dirt, trash; money (cf. "filthy lucre")
• barruntar, to foresee
• base, f., base, basis
• basilisco, basilisk (fabulous creature with a fierce eye);
  • está hecho un ——, he flies into a fury
• basquiña, skirt, outer skirt
• bastante, sufficiently, enough
• bastar, to suffice, be enough;
  • ¡basta! [it is] enough!
• bastón, m., cane, stick
• bata, dressing gown
• batalla, battle;
  • —— campal, pitched battle
• batallador, -ora, fighting, warlike
• batallar, to battle, fight
• batir, to beat;
  • —— palmas, to clap the hands;
  • —se, to fight
• baúl, m., trunk, box
• Baus: see Tamayo
• bautizar, to baptize; (of wine) to weaken, dilute with water
• beber, to drink
• beldad, beauty, belle
• belicoso, -a, bellicose, warlike
• bello, -a, beautiful, handsome
• bendecir, to bless
• bendición, benediction, blessing
• bendito, -a, blessed, sainted
• beneficio, benefit, advantage
• benevolencia, good will, benevolence, kindness
• benévolo, -a, benevolent
• benignidad, kindness
• besar, to kiss
• beso, kiss
• biblioteca, library
• bicho, insect;
  • —— viviente, living creature
• bien, well, very well, rather, very, willingly, certainly;
  • —— que, although;
  • más ——, rather;
  • no ——, no sooner than, as soon as;
  • si ——, although
• bien, m., good, good thing; pl., —es, goods, property;
  • hombre de ——, worthy, honest man;
  • mujer de ——, worthy, honest woman
• ¡bien! all right!
• bienestar, m., well-being, comfort
• bigote, m., mustache
• Bilbao, Bilbao, the seaport on Bay of Biscay
• billete, m., letter, note, ticket
• blanco, -a, white
• blandura, gentleness, mildness, amiableness
• blanquísimo, -a, very white
• boca, mouth
• boda, marriage, wedding. (Same as our words vote, vow)
• bolsillo, pocket, pocketbook
• bomba, bomb
• bondad, goodness, kindness
• bondoso, -a, bounteous
• bonitamente, nicely, quietly
• bonito, -a, nice, pretty
• bordar, to embroider
• borde, m., border, edge
• bordo, board;
  • a ——, on board, aboard
• borrador, rough draft
• borrasca, storm, squall
• borrosamente, indistinctly
• bosque, m., forest, woods
• botar, to butt, thrust, bound
• bote, m., thrust; bound; rebound
• botella, bottle
• botica, apothecary shop, drugstore
• boticario, druggist
• bozo, down, soft beard
• bracete, m. dim. of brazo;
  • de ——, on the arm
• bramar, to bellow, roar
• bravo, -a, brave, wild
• bravura, bravery, courage
• brazo, arm
• bregar, to contend, struggle
• breve, brief, short
• bribón, -ona, knavish, roguish; f., hussy, wench (Delilah)
• brida, bridle; reins
• brillante, m., brilliant, diamond.
• brinco, leap, jump, start
• brindarse, to offer one's self, volunteer
• broche, m., brooch, jeweled pin
• broma, jest, joke;
  • dar —s, to make jokes
• bromear, to jest, crack jokes
• brotar, to gush, burst out
• buen, bueno, -a, good; well;
  • meterse en buena, to get into a pretty scrape;
  • darse a buenas, to give up beaten
• ¡bueno! good! all right!
• Buen Retiro, "Good Retreat" (public garden in Madrid)
• Buen Suceso, "Good Event" (former church in Madrid)
• buhardilla, small garret, garret-window
• bula, papal bull, edict
• buque, m., boat, ship
• burla, mockery, jesting
• burlarse, to mock, ridicule, guy
• burlón, -ona, mocking, jesting
• busca, f., search
• buscar, to seek, search
• butaca, f., large armchair
• C
• cabal, real, true, perfect
• caballería, cavalry, chivalry;
  • libros de —s, books of chivalry
• caballero, cavalier, gentleman, sir
• caballeroso, -a, chivalrous, noble, generous
• caballo, horse;
  • a ——, on horseback;
  • con cinco mil de a ——, with 5000 [devils] on horseback
• cabecera, head (of the bed)
• cabecilla, m., insurgent leader, chief (of a faction)
• cabello, hair
• caber, to be contained, be possible
• cabeza, head;
  • —— de hierro, stubborn person
• cabo, end;
  • al ——, finally, after all
• cabra, goat
• cada, each, every;
  • —— vez más, more and more
• cadáver, m., corpse
• cadena, chain
• cadete, cadet (military student)
• caer, to fall;
  • caiga el que caiga, happen what may;
  • —— en la cuenta de que, to remember, notice
• café, m., cafe, restaurant
• Caín, Cain (the Bible name);
  • las de ——, hard time, tortures
• caja, box, case;
  • tener el pulso en ——, to have pulse within bounds, normal, or regular
• calabaza, gourd;
  • dar ——s, to give the mitten
• calaverada, prank
• calcetín, m., sock
• caldito, dim. of caldo, q.v.
• caldo, soup; broth
• calentura, fever, heat
• calidad, quality, rank
• calificar (de), to qualify as, call, describe as
• calma, calmness;
  • dar ——, to discount, joke about
• calmar, to calm, quiet
• calumniar, to calumniate, slander
• calumnioso, -a, slanderous
• callar, to be silent
• calle, f., street, way;
  • —s de Dios, blessed streets
• cama, bed;
  • caer en ——, to take to one's bed
• camaleón, chameleon
• cambiar, to change;
  • —— de estilo, to change in style
• cambio, change;
  • en ——, on the other hand
• camilla, dim. of cama, cot, stretcher
• camino, road, way
• camisa, shirt
• camorra, quarrel, dispute
• campal: batalla—— , pitched battle
• campanilla, little bell
• campaña, field, campaign
• campesino, peasant
• campo, field, country
• canal, m., canal, channel
• canalla, rabble; wretch
• canana, cartridge belt
• ¡canastos! baskets! (disguised oath)
• canción, song; pl., fig., irrelevant matters, nonsense
• canicular, of dog days
• cansar, to weary, tire;
  • —se, to become weary
• cantar, to sing
• cantidad, quantity
• canto, singing
• capaz, capable
• capilla, chapel
• capitán, captain
• capítulo, chapter; session;
  • llamar a ——, to call to account
• capricho, caprice, whim
• cara, face, front
• ¡caracoles! snails! (disguised oath)
• carácter, m., character
• ¡caramba! the deuce! (disguised oath)
• carcajada, loud laugh, hearty laugh;
  • soltar la ——, to burst out laughing
• cardinal, cardinal, important
• carecer (de), to lack
• cargar, to charge, load;
  • —— con, to take up and carry
• cargo, charge, account; office;
  • hacerse —— de, to take into consideration
• caridad, charity
• cariño, love
• cariñoso, -a, affectionate
• caritativo, -a, charitable
• carlista, m., Carlist (follower of Carlos)
• Carlos, Charles;
  • Don ——, the absolutist leader, claimant to the Spanish throne, died 1855
• carne, f., flesh, meat;
  • tener —— de perro, to be tough as a dog
• carnero, sheep
• carrera, road, street, avenue
• Carrillo, maiden name of Angustias's mother
• carruaje, carriage, vehicle
• carta, letter
• casa, house, home;
  • —— de huéspedes, boarding-house;
  • —— mortuoria, house of mourning
• casar, to marry, marry off;
  • por ——, marriageable;
  • —se con, to marry, get married to
• casero, -a, domestic
• casi, almost;
  • —— nada, almost not at all, very little
• casilla, small house, hut; beaten path; pl., squares of chessboard;
  • sacar de —s, to put out, exasperate
• casino, casino, club
• caso, case, fact, condition, event;
  • hacer —— a, to heed, pay attention to;
  • no hace al ——, it doesn't matter;
  • pero no estamos en ese ——, but that is not our situation
• ¡cáspita! the deuce! (disguised oath)
• castigo, chastisement, punishment
• castillo, castle, prison
• casto, -a, chaste, pure
• catástrofe, f., catastrophe, disaster
• catecúmeno, catechumen, novice, beginner in religion
• categoría, category, rank
• caudal, m., capital, property
• caudillo, chieftain, leader
• causa, f., cause, process, lawsuit;
  • a —— de, because of;
  • formar ——, to bring suit or action
• causar, to cause, produce
• caviloso, -a, captious, quarreling
• cazador, hunter, chasseur (soldier in the light troops called cazadores)
• cazar, to chase, hunt
• ceder, to cede, yield
• cegar, to blind
• celebración, praise
• celebrado, -a, praised, famous
• celebrar, to celebrate, praise
• célebre, celebrated, famous
• celestial, celestial, heavenly
• celo, zeal
• cementerio, cemetery
• cenceno, -a, thin, lean
• cera, wax
• cerca, near, about;
  • —— de, near, about
• cercanía, vicinity; pl., —s, environs, vicinity
• cerebral, cerebral, of the brain
• ceremonia, ceremony, formality
• ceremonioso, -a, ceremonious
• cerrar, to close, shut
• cervata, humorously formed femimine of cervato, q.v.
• cervato, fawn, deer
• cesar, to cease, stop
• cicatriz f., scar
• cielo, heaven, sky;
  • cara de ——, heavenly face
• cien: see ciento
• ciencia, science
• ciento, (a, one) hundred
• cierto, -a, certain, a certain, true
• cifrar, to figure, count, base. (Cf. Eng. decipher)
• cigarrillo, cigarette
• cinco, five
• cincuenta, fifty
• circunstancia, circumstance
• cirugía, surgery
• citar, to cite, mention;
  • —se, to make an appointment
• civil, civil
• clamar (older form of llamar), to cry out, wail
• claro, -a, clear, plain
• clase, f., class, rank, kind
• clasificación, classification
• clavar (en), to nail, fix, root, fasten; to stab
• clavo, nail
• cobarde, m., coward
• cobardía, cowardice
• cocinero, -a, cook
• cocodrilo, crocodile;
  • lágrimas de ——, crocodile tears, false grief
• coche, m., coach
• coger, to gather, seize, catch, take
• cohonestar, to give an honest appearance to; to excuse
• coincidir, to coincide, agree with
• cojo, -a, crippled, lame
• colchón, mattress
• colegio, school, college
• cólera, choler, anger;
  • montar en ——, to fly into a passion
• colgar, to hang;
  • colgado, hanging
• colocación, employment, position, job
• colocar, to place, station, locate
• color, color, hue
• colorado, -a, red;
  • ponerse ——, to blush
• comandante, commander
• combate, m., combat, fight
• comedia, comedy
• comedor, dining-room
• comenzar, to commence, begin
• comer, to eat;
  • derecho a tener qué ——, right to have something to eat, to live
• como, as, as if, like;
  • —— de, of about;
  • —— no sea [que], unless;
  • —— quiera que, although, since, however
• ¿cómo? how? what?
  • ¿a —— estamos hoy? what is the day of the month?
  • ¿—— así? how so?
• cómodo, -a, convenient
• compadecer, to pity
• compaña (older form of compañía), company, society
• compasivo, -a, compassionate, kind
• complacer, to please
• complacido, -a, pleased, satisfied, contented
• complaciente, complacent, pleasing
• completamente, completely
• completo, -a, complete, entire
• comprar, to buy
• comprender, to comprehend, understand, comprise
• comprometer, to compromise, put at a disadvantage
• común, common
• con, with, by
• concebir, to conceive
• conceder, to concede, grant
• concepto, concept, idea, thought, opinion;
  • en tal ——, on such a basis
• concesión, concession, grant
• conciencia, conscience
• concluir, to conclude
• condado, countship, title or dignity of count
• conde, count
• condenar, to condemn
• condesa, countess
• condición, condition, quality, rank
• condoler, to pity;
  • —se de, to be sorry for, have pity on
• conducción, transfer, taking, conveyance
• conducir, to conduct, take
• conducta, conduct
• conejo, rabbit
• conferencia, conference, interview
• confesar, to confess, admit
• confesor, confessor
• confianza, confidence
• confiar, to intrust
• conforme, conformable, agreed; adv., as
• confusión, confusion
• congoja, affliction, choking spell
• conjetura, conjecture
• conjunto, make-up, composite
• conllevar, to display, bear
• conmigo, with me
• conmiseración, commiseration
• conmoción, commotion, excitement
• conmover, to move, arouse, shock
• conocer, to know, be acquainted with, perceive, see
• conocimiento, consciousness, knowledge;
  • poner en ——, to let know
• conque, so, so then
• consecuencia, consequence, result;
  • a —— de, por —— de, in consequence of
• conseguir, to succeed in
• consejo, advice, counsel; council
• consentido, -a, indulged, spoiled
• consentimiento, consent
• consentir (en), to consent to, agree on
• conservar, to preserve, keep
• consideración, consideration
• considerar, to consider
• consigo, with himself, with herself, with itself, with themselves
• consiguiente, consequent;
  • de ——, por ——, in consequence, consequently
• consistir, to consist
• consolar, to console, comfort
• consolidarse, to consolidate, grow firm, knit (as bone)
• consorte, m. or f., consort (wife, husband)
• constante, constant
• constantemente, constantly
• constar, to be clear, well made out
• consternado, -a, in consternation
• construir, to construct, build
• consuelo, consolation, comfort
• consumación, consummation, completion
• contador, accountant, overseer
• contaduría, place of accounting, office
• contar, to recount, tell, relate, consider;
  • —— con, to count on
• contemplar, to contemplate, look at
• contento, -a, contented, pleased
• contestación, answer
• contestar, to answer
• contienda, conflict, contest, fight
• contigo, with thee, with you
• continuamente, continually
• continuar, to continue, go on
• contra: en—— (de), against, in the negative
• contraria, contrary, opposition;
  • llevar la ——, to oppose, contradict
• contrariedad, contrariety, vexation
• contrario, -a, contrary;
  • al ——, por el ——, on the contrary
• controversia, controversy
• contundir, to bruise
• conturbar, to disturb, worry
• convalecencia, convalescence
• convaleciente, convalescent
• convencer, to convince
• convenido, one who agrees, signer (of a treaty)
• convenio, convention, treaty
• convenirse (en), to agree to;
  • convenido, signer
• convento, convent
• conversación, conversation
• convertir, to convert, turn
• convicción, conviction
• copiar, to copy;
  • —— en limpio, to copy neatly
• copla, stanza
• coqueta, coquette
• corazón, m., heart
• corbata, cravat
• Córdoba, Cordova
• cordón, m., cord, cordon
• coronamiento, crowning, finishing
• coronita, coronet (little crown)
• correctísimamente, most correctly
• correcto, -a, correct
• correr, to run;
  • —— con, to keep up with, meet (expenses)
• correspondencia, correspondence; return (of love)
• corresponder, to belong
• correspondientemente, accordingly
• cortar, to cut, cut off, cut to the quick
• corte, f., court; capital, Madrid
• cortes, f. pl., the national assembly (of Spain)
• cortés, courteous
• cortesía, courtesy, politeness
• corto, -a, short; short of words, abashed, dull
• cosa, thing, affair;
  • —— así, some such thing;
  • —— de, something like, about
• coser, to sew
• costa, cost
• costar, to cost
• costear, to stand the expense of, pay for
• costumbre, custom;
  • de ——, customary, usual;
  • según ——, as usual
• coyuntura, conjuncture, occasion
• crear, to create
• crédito, credit, credence
• creer, to believe, think
• criada, maidservant
• criar, to create, raise, produce, breed, bring up, rear;
  • —se, to grow up
• crisma ("the christened part"), head;
  • romper la ——, to break the head, crack the pate;
  • romperse la —— con, fam., to come to blows with, pitch into, have a fight with
• cristal, m., glass
• cristiano, -a, Christian
• Cristo, Christ, image of Christ
• crucificar, to crucify, torture, torment
• cruel, cruel
• crueldad, cruelty
• cruz, f., cross, crucifix
• cruzar, to cross (cf. cruise), exchange, pass
• cuadro, picture, scene
• cuadruplicar, to quadruple, make fourfold
• cual: el ——, la ——, lo ——, who, that, which, what;
  • por lo ——, for which (reason);
  • tal o ——, some... or other, this or that
• cual, as, like;
  • —— si, as if
• ¿cuál? which? what? which one?
• cualquiera, any one; anybody, the first that comes along
• cuando, when;
  • de vez en ——, from time to time
• ¿cuándo? when?
• cuanto, -a, as much as, as many as; pl., all;
  • en ——, as soon as, when;
  • en —— a, as to, in regard to
• ¿cuánto, -a? how much? pl., how many?
• cuarenta, forty;
  • acusar las ——, to announce forty points, announce a winning hand (at tute)
• cuarentón, -ona, forty years old
• cuartel, m., (soldier's) quarters, barracks
• cuartito, small room
• cuarto, fourth part, quarter; room, apartment; small coin, farthing; story, floor;
  • —— bajo, ground floor;
  • echar su —— a espadas, to put (bet) one's pennies on spades (at cards), put in, meddle, take part in
• cuarto, -a, fourth
• cuatro, four
• cuchillada, stab, cutting;
  • —s, fight, affray (with knives);
  • andar a —s, to come to blows
• cuchillo, knife (one-bladed)
• cuello, neck
• cuenta, count, account, bill, affair;
  • a ——, on account;
  • caer en la —— de que, to notice;
  • —— que, and just consider
• cuerda, cord, rope;
  • dar ——, to wind up (first used of an old-style clock), lead on
• cuerpo, body, corps
• cuestión, question, dispute, problem;
  • se plantea la ——, the question takes shape, matters grow acute
• ¡cuidadito! dim. of cuidado, be pretty careful!
• cuidado, care, attention;
  • pierda usted ——, don't worry;
  • tener —— con, to be careful of
• ¡cuidado! take care! look out! it's a caution!
• cuidar, to take care, be careful, care for, attend to
• cuitado, -a, done up, sick, wretched
• culebrina, little culebra (snake); culverin (cannon); flash (of gun); ¡rayos y —s! blazes! (disguised oath)
• culpa, fault
• cumplimentero, -a, flattering, full of compliments
• cumplir, to fulfill;
  • —— con, to comply with
• cura, care, cure, treatment
• cura, m., curate, priest
• curación, cure, treatment
• curar, to cure, treat, attend to, care for
• curiosidad, curiosity
• cuyo, -a, whose, of whom
• CH
• Champagne (Fr.), f., Champagne (the wine)
• chanza, jest
• charlar, to chat, gossip
• chasco, disappointment, sell, bunco
• chico, -a, little boy, little girl
• chiquillo, -a, little one, child
• chismoso, tale-bearer, tattler, meddler
• chocar, to shock, strike
• chocolate, m., chocolate
• D
• D.: see don
• Da. or Dª.: see doña
• ¡dale! hang it!
  • ¡—— que ——! harp on it! keep it up!
• dama, lady
• damasco, damask, crimson
• damisela, damsel, young lady
• danza, dance; —— de monos, monkey dance, something funny
• daño, damage, harm, injury
• dar, to give (but often used for other verbs as Eng. uses take sick for become sick; make a train, etc.); to hit, occur, take, etc.;
  • —— a, to open on;
  • —— un paso, to take a step;
  • se da a buenas, gives right up
• dado que, granted that, if
• de, of, from;
  • —— punta, on end;
  • más ——, menos ——, more than, less than;
  • vestído —— negro, dressed in black;
  • caer —— rodillas, fall on the knees;
  • triste —— mí, sad that I am;
  • ponerse —— pie, stand up;
  • tirar ——, pull
• debajo (de), below, under;
  • por —— de, underneath
• debate, m., debate, discussion
• deber, to owe, ought, must
• deber, m., duty, obligation
• debido, -a, due
• débil, weak
• debilidad, weakness
• decaer, to decay, deteriorate
• decente, decent, respectable, honest
• decir, to say, tell;
  • dijérase, one would say;
  • he dicho, I have said (formal close of speech, like amen of a prayer);
  • por mejor ——, más bien dicho, or better said
• declamar, to declaim, cry out
• declaración, declaration
• declarar, to declare
• decorosamente, with decorum
• decretar, to decree, settle, decide
• dedicar, to dedicate
• dedo, finger
• deducción, deduction
• deducir, to deduce, infer
• defender, to defend
• definir, to define, explain
• definitivo, -a, definitive, final
• defraudar, to cheat
• deidad, deity
• dejar, to leave, allow;
  • —— de, to fail to, cease from, leave off
• delante: —— de, por —— de, before, in front of
• delgado, -a, delicate, slender, thin
• delicadísimo, -a, very delicate, dainty
• delicado, -a, delicate
• delicioso, -a, delicious, delightful
• delirar, to be delirious
• delirio, delirium, raving
• demás, besides;
  • los ——, the others, the rest;
  • por lo ——, besides, as for the rest
• demasiado, -a, too much, excessive, more than enough
• demasiado, too, too much
• demonio, demon, devil
• demostrar, to demonstrate,prove
• denegar, to deny, refuse
• denodado, -a, bold, daring
• dentro, inside;
  • —— de, within;
  • por ——, inwardly, within
• deparar, to offer, furnish, give
• derecho, right, right side; just claim
• derecho, -a, right, straight
• derramar, to shed, pour out, spill
• derretir, to melt, thaw
• derrotar, to rout, defeat
• desabrimiento, an act in bad taste, rudeness
• desacato, disrespect, incivility
• desafiar, to defy, challenge
• desagradecido, -a, ungrateful
• desagrado, displeasure
• desamparado, -a, unprotected, uncared for
• desangrar, to bleed;
  • —se, to keep bleeding, bleed to death
• desapacible, gruff, cross
• desapaciblemente, gruffly
• desarrollo, development, improvement
• desasosiego, restlessness, uneasiness
• desatender, to disregard, ignore
• desbaratar, to spoil, joke
• descansar, to rest, repose
• descarga, discharge
• descomponer, to discompose, put out of temper, make angry
• desconfianza, distrust
• desconocido, -a, unknown, stranger
• descontento, discontent
• describir, to describe
• descubrir, to discover
• descuidar, to neglect, heed not, care not
• desde, from, after, since;
  • —— luego, from the first, at once, immediately;
  • —— que, from the time that, since
• desdeñar, to disdain
• desdichado, -a, unfortunate person
• desdoblar, to unfold
• desdorar, to ungild, tarnish, dishonor
• desear, to desire
• desentenderse, to pretend not to notice, not let on, ignore
• deseoso, -a, desirous
• desesperación, desperation, despair, despondency
• desesperado, -a, desperate
• desesperar, to make despair, drive to despair
• desfavorable, unfavorable
• desgarrador, -ora, heart-rending
• desgracia, misfortune, mishap
• desgraciado, -a, unfortunate, unhappy, unlucky
• deshonrar, to dishonor
• desigual, unequal, unlike
• deslinde, m., border line, demarcation, elucidation
• deslizar, to glance, graze
• desmantelar, to dismantle, strip
• desmentido, -a, given the lie, riddled, shown up
• desmentir, to contradict, give the lie to
• desoír, to pretend not to hear, ignore
• despedida, leave-taking
• despedirse, to take leave, bid farewell
• despeinado, -a, mussed up, uncombed
• despensero, buyer, steward
• desperdiciar, to waste, miss
• despertar, to wake, awaken
• despilfarrar, to squander, waste
• despistar, to throw off the scent or track
• despreciar, to despise, scorn
• despreciativo, -a, depreciative, scornful
• desprecio, scorn, contempt
• despropósito, absurdity
• después, afterwards;
  • —— de, after
• destempladamente, with ill temper, angrily
• destetar, to wean, take from the breast
• destino, destiny, fate
• destrozar, to destroy, shatter
• desventura, misfortune;
  • por ——, unfortunately
• desventurado, -a, unfortunate, wretched; wretch
• desvergonzado, -a, shameless, impudent
• desvinculado, -a, run down, at loose ends
• desvío, aversion, coldness
• detener, to detain, stop;
  • —se, to stop
• determinable, determinable, definable
• detestar, to detest, hate
• detrás, behind;
  • —— de, behind, after
• devanar, to wind (as on a spool);
  • —se los sesos, to rack one's brain
• devengar, to receive, earn (as salary)
• devolver, to restore, return
• devorar, to devour
• día, m., day;
  • buenos —s, good morning;
  • de ——, by day;
  • ocho —s, a week;
  • quince —s, a fortnight;
  • todos los —s, every day
• diablo, devil;
  • ¿Dónde —s? Where (in) the deuce?
• diagnóstico, diagnosis, decision (as to the disease)
• diantre, m., deuce;
  • que —— de hombre, what a deuce of a fellow
• diario, newspaper
• diario, -a, daily
• dibujo, sketch, drawing; description, characterization
• dictado, title
• dicha, happiness
• dichosísimo, -a, very happy, blessed
• dichoso, -a, happy (euphemistic for accursed), blessed
• diez, ten
• diferencia, difference
• diferenciar, to differ
• diferente, different, several
• difunto, -a, (defunct), dead, deceased
• dignarse, to deign
• dignidad, dignity
• digno, -a, worthy
• dilatado, -a, deferred, belated
• dilema, m., dilemma
• diligente, diligent
• dilucidar, to elucidate, make clear
• dimitir, to give up. (Cf. Eng. demission)
• dinero, money
• Dios, God;
  • calles de ——, blessed streets (used as oath);
  • se armará la de —— es Cristo, will start a row (like old religious disputes)
• diosa, goddess
• dirección, direction
• dirigir, to direct, address
• discípulo, disciple, pupil
• discordia, discord, disagreement
• disculpa, excuse
• discurrir, to scheme, plan
• discurso, discourse
• discusión, discussion
• discutir, to discuss, argue over
• disfrazar, to disguise, hide
• disimular, to dissemble, hide
• disipado, -a, dissipated, dissolute
• disparar, to discharge, fire, shoot;
  • —— contra, to shoot at
• disparatar, to speak foolishly, talk nonsense
• disparate, m., nonsense
• dispensar (de), to dispense, grant, excuse
• disponer (de), to dispose of, have (at one's disposal)
• dispositivo, -a, disposing, preliminary
• dispuesto, -a, disposed, ready
• disputar, to dispute
• distancia, distance
• distinguido, -a, distinguished
• distinguir, to distinguish
• distraer, to distract
• diverso, -a, different, diverse
• dividir, to divide
• divorcio, divorce
• doblar, to double, fold, turn (the page)
• doce, twelve;
  • las ——, twelve o'clock
• doctor, doctor
• doler, to pain, hurt
• dolor, pain, grief, sorrow
• doloroso, -a, painful, sorrowful
• domesticar, to tame
• doméstico, -a, domestic; servant
• dominar, to dominate
• Domingo, Dominick;
  • plaza de Santo ——, square of St. Dominick (in Madrid)
• don, m., don (title of respect placed only before a given name, like Sir in England)
• don, m., gift, faculty
• donaire, m., grace
• doncella, maid, maiden
• donde, where, in which
• ¿dónde? where?
  • ¿de ——? whence?
• donosamente, pleasantly, gracefully, cleverly
• donoso, -a, graceful
• doña, lady (title, with the given name, like Lady in England)
• dormir, to sleep;
  • —se, to go to sleep
• dormitar, to doze
• dos, two;
  • las ——, two o'clock
• drama, m., drama
• duda, doubt
• dudar, to doubt
• dueño, owner
• dulce, sweet, pleasant; sweetmeat, candy, candied fruits
• dulcemente, pleasantly
• dulcificar, to dulcify, sweeten, soften
• dulzón, -ona, sweetish, too sweet
• dulzura, sweetness, gentleness
• duplicar, to duplicate, double
• durante, during
• durar, to endure, last
• duro, the Spanish dollar, 5 pesetas, 20 reales
• duro, -a, hard, severe
• E
• e, and (for y before initial i or hi)
• ¡ea! well! come! now! all right!
• ébano, ebony
• echar, to throw, cast, put (used often for other verbs);
  • —— a, to begin to;
  • —— la de, to pretend to be, try to be, act it
• edad, age
• educación, education
• educar, to educate
• efectivamente, in fact
• efectividad, reality, real condition, nature
• efectivo, -a, effective;
  • hacer ——, to pay (money)
• efecto, effect
• eficaz, efficacious
• eficazmente, efficaciously
• efusión, effusion, heartiness
• ¿eh? eh?
• ejecución, execution
• ejecutar, to execute, carry out
• ejemplo, example
• ejercicio, exercise
• ejército, army
• él, ella, ello, he, she, it
• el, la, lo, the;
  • las dos, tres, etc., two o'clock, three o'clock, etc.
• el que, la que, lo que, the one that
• elegancia, elegance, style
• elegante, elegant, delicate
• elegíaco, -a, mournful, wailing
• elocuencia, eloquence
• elocuente, eloquent
• elocuentísimo, -a, most eloquent
• elogio, eulogy, praise
• ello, it, the matter;
  • —— es que, the fact is that
• embargo, hindrance;
  • sin ——, nevertheless
• embozo, bed coverlet (the end at pillow)
• embrollar, to entangle, confuse, embroil
• emoción, emotion
• empecatado, -a, wicked, sinful
• empeñar, to engage, try;
  • —se (en), to persist, strive (to)
• empeño, zeal, desire, determination, effort
• empero, however
• empezar, to begin
• empleo, office, position, job
• en, in, on, into, at, to
• enajenar, to alienate, sell, dispose of
• enamorarse (de), to fall in love with
• enarenar, to sand, cover with sand
• encaminarse, to start (on one's way)
• encanto, charm, enchantment
• encarar, to face, meet
• encargar, to charge;
  • —se de, to take charge of, try, undertake
• encargo, trust, charge, commission
• encima, on, upon;
  • —— de, on, over, on top of
• encoger, to draw in or back, contract;
  • —se de hombros, to shrug the shoulders
• encomendar, to recommend, commit
• encontrar[se], to encounter, meet, find;
  • —— con, to meet with
• encuentro, meeting;
  • salir al ——, to go to meet
• endiablado, -a, devilish, infernal, diabolical, confounded
• enemigo, -a, enemy
• enemistado, -a, hostile, made unfriendly
• energía, energy
• enérgico, -a, energetic, vigorous
• energúmeno, demoniac, one possessed
• énfasis, emphasis
• enfermero, -a, nurse
• enfermico, -a infirm, sickly
• enfermizo, -a, infirm, half-sick
• enfermo, sick man; invalid
• enfrente, opposite;
  • de  ——, opposite
• enfurruñado, -a, cross, angry
• engañador, -ora, deceiving, deceitful
• engañar, to deceive, cheat
• enjaular, to cage, put in a cage
• enojar, to anger, vex, annoy
• enojo, anger, crossness
• enrevesado, -a, wrong side out, intractable, stubborn
• Enrique, Henry
• ensangrentado, -a, blood-covered, stained, bloody
• ensayo, essay, trial
• entablillar, to put in splints
• entender (de), to understand, hear;
  • no —— de, not to understand, have nothing to do with;
  • —se, to come to terms
• enteramente, entirely
• enterar, to inform, acquaint;
  • —se (de), to be informed of
• entereza, entireness, integrity, frankness
• entero, -a, entire, whole, full
• enterrar, to inter, bury
• entierro, funeral, burial;
  • —— mayor, first-class funeral
• entonación, intonation, tone
• entonces, then;
  • en aquel ——, at that time;
  • por ——, for the time
• entornar, to half close
• entrar, to enter, come in
• entre, between, among;
  • —tanto, meanwhile;
  • —— las tres, we all three; among the three of us
• entreabierto, -a, half-open[ed]
• entrecejo, brow (between the eyebrows);
  • fruncir el ——, to frown
• entrecortado, -a, broken, cut into
• entrega, delivery
• entregar, to hand over, deliver
• entretanto, meanwhile
• entusiasmar, to fill with enthusiasm; to delight, fire, inspire
• envenenar, to envenom, poison
• enviado, envoy, one sent
• enviar, to send;
  • envío, I send
• envidiable, enviable
• enviudar, to become widowed
• epilogar, to recapitulate, sum up; make an epilogue
• época, epoch, period
• equilibrio, equilibrium, balance, adjustment
• equivocación, mistake, error
• equivocar, to mistake;
  • —se, to be mistaken
• erguido, -a, erect
• erguir, to erect;
  • —se, to straighten up, rise up, draw one's self up
• erizo, hedgehog, touchy person
• error, error
• escala, stairway, ladder
• escalafón, m., rank-list (of army staff)
• escalera, staircase, stairs
• escalón, m., step (of a stair);
  • por —es, in echelon (one squad shooting after another in turn)
• escapar, to escape
• escaramuza, skirmish
• escarmentar, to be chary (from experience), wary, or alert
• escaso, -a, scarce, scant, small
• escatimar, to be stingy with, pinch, grudge
• escena, scene
• esclavitud, servitude, slavery
• esclavo, slave
• esconder, to hide, conceal
• escopeta, musket, gun
• escribir, to write
• escrito, -a, written, decreed;
  • estaría  ——, it must have been fated (allusion to Bible "it is written")
• escrupuloso, -a, scrupulous, conscientious
• escuchar, to listen, listen to; to hear
• escurrirse, to slip out, steal away. (Cf. Eng. scurry)
• ese, esa, adj., that (near you), that
• ése, ésa, eso, pron., that one; that matter;
  • eso sí, that indeed;
  • a eso de, along about
• esfuerzo, effort, attempt
• esmeralda, emerald
• espada, sword; (at cards) spades
• espalda, back
• espaldar, m., back (of a chair)
• espantar, to scare, shock, amaze
• espanto, terror, fright
• espantoso, -a, frightful
• España, Spain
• español, -a, Spanish
• Espartero, the general and regent (1792-1879)
• especie, f., species, kind, sort
• espectáculo, spectacle
• espejo, mirror
• esperanza, hope, expectation
• esperar, to hope, hope for, await
• espirar, to expire, die
• espléndido, -a, splendid, brilliant
• espolear, to spur on
• esposo, husband
• esquina, corner
• esquivo, -a, shy, bashful
• establecer, to establish
• estado, state, estate, class, staff, rank, condition
• estallar, to burst
• estancia, room
• estar, to be, stay
• estatua, statue
• este, esta, adj., this
• éste, ésta, esto, pron., this one, this, the latter;
  • a todo esto, during all this;
  • en esto, in the meantime
• estilo, style, fashion
• estimar, to esteem, consider
• estómago, stomach
• estratégicamente, strategically
• estrechar, to press, hold close
• estrecho, -a, narrow, straight, tight
• estribor, starboard
• estridente, noisy, harsh, shrill
• estudiar, to study
• estupefacto, -a, stupefied, in a stupor
• estúpido, -a, stupid
• etiamsi omnes, for etiam sic omnes, (Lat.) even thus all [men]; say: "'tis ever thus"
• Eva, Eve
• eventual, eventual, final
• evidencia, evidence, sign
• exabrupto, abrupt or sudden remark, break, outbreak
• exacto, -a, exact
• exagerar, to exaggerate
• exasperar, to exasperate, irritate
• excelencia, excellence, excellency
• excelente, excellent
• excelentísimo, -a, most excellent
• excesivamente, excessively, extremely
• excitar, to arouse
• exclamación, exclamation
• exclamar, to exclaim
• exclusivo, -a, exclusive
• excogitar, to cogitate, think, plan
• excusado, -a, needless, useless
• excusar, to excuse
• expectación, expectation
• expediente, claim, suit, petition
• expedito, -a, expeditious, prompt, ready
• expensas, f. pl., expense, charges
• experimentar, to experience
• experto, -a, expert, able
• explayar, to spread;
  • —se, to dilate, enlarge on
• explicar, to explain
• explorar, to explore
• exponer, to expose, show, say. (Cf. expound)
• expositivo, -a, expository, analytic
• expositor, expounder, interpreter
• expresar, to express
• expresión, expression
• expresivo, -a, expressive, polite
• exquisito, -a, exquisite, delightful
• extender, to extend, stretch out
• extranjero, -a, foreign, strange; stranger, foreigner
• extrañar, to find strange, wonder at, be amazed at
• extraño, -a, strange; stranger
• extraoficialmente, unofficially
• extraordinario, -a, extraordinary, unusual
• extravagancia, extravagance
• extravagante, extravagant
• extremo, extreme, end;
  • por todo ——, in the extreme
• F
• fácil, easy
• facilísimo, -a, extremely easy
• facilitar, to facilitate
• facultativo, (of the faculty) physician
• falda, skirt, petticoat; women
• falta, lack, need, fault;
  • hacer ——, to be needed
• faltar, to fail, be lacking;
  • no faltaba más, that would be the last straw, would be worst of all
• fallecer, to die
• fama, fame, name
• familia, family
• famoso, -a, famous
• fascinar, to fascinate, charm
• fase, f., phase
• fastidiar, to annoy, vex
• fatal, fatal
• fatalidad, fatality, fate
• fatídico, -a, fatidical, fateful, ominous
• fatiga, fatigue
• fatigar, to fatigue, weary
• favor, m., favor, compliment
• favorable, favorable
• favorecer, to favor, protect, help
• faz, f., face
• fe, f., faith;
  • a ——, by my faith, most assuredly
• fecha, date (as of a letter)
• felicidad, felicity, happiness
• feliz, happy, successful
• felizmente, happily
• feminino, -a, feminine
• feo, -a, ugly
• feria, fair, show;
  • hacer —— (de), to show off
• ferocidad, ferocity
• feroz, ferocious, fierce, bold
• ferro-carril, m., railroad. (Cf. hierro)
• festivo, -a, gay, light (style)
• fiebre, f., fever
• fiera, wild beast
• fiesta, feast, festival
• figura, figure, form, shape
• figurar, to figure, imagine
• fijamente, fixedly
• fijar, to fix;
  • —se en, to fix the attention upon, stare at
• fijo, -a, fixed
• filiar, to give filiation or pedigree of, classify, give family tree of
• filo, edge
• filosóficamente, philosophically
• filósofo, -a, philosophical;
  • a lo ——, like a philosopher
• fin, m., end, purpose;
  • en ——, finally
• Finados (día de los), All Souls' Day (day of the dead), November 2
• fingir, to feign, pretend
• fino, -a, fine, nice
• finura, fineness, nicety
• firmar, to sign
• físico, -a, physical
• fisiólogo, physiologist
• fisonomía, physiognomy, face
• flaqueza, slackness, feebleness, weakness
• flor, f., flower;
  • —es, compliments
• floreos, m. pl., preludes, flourishes
• florete, m., foil;
  • tirar al ——, to brandish (as though fencing)
• fluir, to flow
• fogosidad, ardor, warmth
• folio, folio;
  • de a ——, voluminous, lengthy
• fondo, depth, basis, bottom;
  • en el ——, at bottom, essentially;
  • irse a ——, to lunge with a sword
• forado (old form for horado), hole (perforation)
• forastero, foreigner, stranger
• forma, form;
  • en tal —— y manera, in such a way and manner
• formal, formal, serious
• formalidad, formality, exactness, correctness
• formar, to form
• fórmula, formula, motto
• fortuna, fortune;
  • por ——, luckily
• forzosamente, perforce, necessarily
• fractura, fracture, break
• fracturar, to fracture, break
• Francisco, Francis
• franco, -a, frank, sincere
• franqueza, frankness, sincerity
• frase, f., phrase, short sentence
• frecuente, frequent
• frente, f., front, forehead;
  • —— por ——, opposite, vis-à-vis
• fresco, -a, fresh (new, cool);
  • estar ——, to be in for it
• frescura, coolness, sangfroid
• frialdad, frigidity, coolness
• frío, cold, coldness
• frío, -a, cold
• friolera, trifle
• frontal, frontal, in front
• fruncir, to knit, contract, frown
• fuego, fire;
  • hacer ——, to open fire;
  • pegar —— a, to set on fire
• fuer: a—— de, by law of, in keeping with, after the manner of
• fuera de, away from, out of
• fuero (same word as fuer), law
• fuerte, strong
• fuerza, force, power; pl., strength;
  • a —— de, by dint of, by means of
• fugaz, fleeting, passing
• fulminante, like lightning, flashing, striking, overwhelming, killing
• fundamento, foundation, reason
• fundar, to found, establish
• furia, fury
• furiosamente, furiously, in wrath
• furioso, -a, furious
• fusil, m., gun
• fusilar, to shoot
• G
• gabinete, m., cabinet, sitting-room, work room (usually without a bed)
• gafas, f. pl., spectacles, goggles (with ear bows or temples)
• gala, glory, pride, show. (Cf. Eng. gala day)
• galanteador, admirer, beau, suitor
• galantería, gallantry
• Galicia, Galicia (the province, once a kingdom)
• galoncillo, galloon, stripe (braid), lace
• galoneado, -a, gallooned
• gallardo, -a, gay, gallant, handsome, noble, splendid
• gallego, -a, Gallegan, Galician, of Galicia (in Spain)
• gallo, cock, rooster
• gamo, buck (deer)
• ganadería, live stock, cattle
• ganar, to gain, earn, win
• gargantilla, necklace. (Cf. garganta, throat)
• garra, claw
• gastar, to waste, use up, spend
• gaveta, drawer
• gemir, to moan, groan
• general, general
• general, m., general
• generala, general's wife or widow
• generalato, title or rank of general, generalship
• género, genus, race
• generosidad, generosity
• generoso, -a, generous
• geniazo, bad temper
• genio, genius, nature, temper
• gente, f., people
• gentil, genteel, gentle, noble
• gesto, gesture, grimace
• girar, to gyrate, turn, circle;
  • —— una visita, to make the rounds of visits
• gladiador, gladiator (fencer)
• gloria, glory
• glosa, gloss, commentary
• gobernar, to govern
• gobierno, government
• golpe, m., blow, shock
• golpecito, light blow or knock
• Gonzaga, Luis Gonzaga, father of Angustias
• gorra, cap;
  • —— de cuartel, (soldier's) foraging cap
• gotear, to drop, drip
• gozar, to enjoy
• gozoso, -a, joyful
• gracia, grace; pl., thanks
• graciosísimo, -a, most gracious
• gracioso, -a, graceful, pleasing, funny
• grado, rank, grade
• graduar, to grade, estimate, calculate
• gramática, grammar
• gran, grande, large, great, big, tall
• grano, grain, seed;
  • ir al ——, to come to the point, hit the nail on the head
• gratitud, gratitude
• grave, grave, serious
• gravedad, gravity, seriousness
• gravemente, gravely
• gritar, to cry, shout
• grito, cry, shout
• Grullo, Pero Grullo, proper noun used proverbially to suggest pompous or sententious nothingness
• gruñir, to grunt, grumble, growl
• grupo, group
• guapo, -a, spruce, pretty, elegant
• guardar, to keep, preserve, pocket
• guardia, guard;
  • primera ——, first guard, prime (fencing term)
• guarismo, figure (1, 2, 3, etc.)
• guerra, war
• guerrero, warrior
• guía, f., guide;
  • Guía de Forasteros, Strangers' Guide; the Spanish Blue Book (directory of army nobility)
• guiñar, to wink
• guipuzcoano, -a, native of Guipúzcoa province
• guisa, wise, manner, way
• gustar, to suit, please
• gusto, taste, pleasure
• H
• haber, to have; impersonal, there being;
  • hay, there is, are;
  • hubo tiros, there were shots;
  • he de, I have to, I must;
  • habiendo, there being
• habitación, dwelling, rooms
• habitar, to live, dwell in
• hábito, habit, costume
• habitual, habitual, usual
• hablar, to speak, talk
• hacer, to make, do;
  • —se, to become;
  • —se a, to get used to;
  • hace frío, it is cold;
  • no hace al caso, it doesn't matter;
  • hace dos años, two years ago;
  • —— caso, to heed
• hacia, towards
• hacienda, estate, lands
• hallar, to find;
  • —se, to be;
  • —se con que, to notice
• hambre, f., hunger
• harto, -a, full, sated; tired
• harto, fully, enough, well enough
• hasta, until, up to, as far as; even;
  • —— [tanto] que, until
• hay, there is, there are;
  • —— que, one must
• haz, f., surface, face
• hazaña, deed, exploit
• hazmerreír (a phrase like quehaceres, correveidile), m., laughing-stock
• hechicero, -a, bewitching, charming
• hechizo, charm
• hecho, (thing done) deed, fact
• hechura, form, kind, make, shape;
  • tener ——, to be possible or feasible
• hembra, woman, female
• heredar, to inherit
• heredero, heir
• herencia, inheritance
• herida, injury, wound
• herido, wounded man
• herir, to strike, wound
• hermana, sister;
  • prima ——, first cousin
• hermano, brother;
  • primo ——, first cousin
• hermoso, -a, beautiful
• hermosura, beauty
• héroe, m., hero
• heroico, -a, heroic
• heroína, heroine
• heroísmo, heroism
• hidalgo, -a, noble, generous
• hierro, iron, iron bar
• hígado, liver, courage;
  • ¡Cuidado si tiene —s para... ! It's a caution the knack you have for... !
• hijo, -a, son, daughter, child
• hilas, f. pl., lint
• himno, hymn
• historia, history, story
• historiado, -a, ornamented, decorated
• hito, post, peg; mirar de—— en—— , to stare at, search (one's face)
• hoja, leaf
• ¡hola! oho! hello!
• hombre, man;
  • ¡——! man! man alive!
• hombro, shoulder
• hondo, -a, profound, deep
• honesto, -a, honest, respectable, decent
• honor, honor; title
• honorario, honorarium, fee
• honra, honor
• honradamente, honorably
• honradez, honesty
• honrado, -a, respectable, honored, honest
• honrar, to honor
• hora, hour
• horado, hole
• horca, gallows, scaffold. (Cf. forca, fork)
• horizontal, horizontal, level
• horizontalmente, horizontally
• horizonte, m., horizon
• horrible, horrible
• horriblemente, horribly
• horror, horror
• horrorizar, to horrify
• hosco, -a, dark, gloomy, sullen
• hospital, m., hospital
• hospitalario, -a, hospitable; of a hospital
• hoy, today
• hoyoso, -a, full of hollows, dimpled
• huérfano, -a, s. and a., orphan
• hueso, bone
• huésped, m., guest, boarder
• huir, to flee, avoid
• humanidad, humanity
• humano, -a, human
• humildad, humility
• humilde, humble, not proud
• humillar, to humiliate
• humor, humor, mood
• huraño, -a, bashful, diffident
• hurgar, to incite, encourage, prod. (Akin to fork)
• I
• idea, idea, thought
• idéntico, -a, identical, equal, same
• iglesia, church
• ignorar, to be ignorant of, not to know
• igual, equal
• ileso, -a, unhurt. (Cf. lesion)
• ilustre, illustrious
• imaginar, to imagine, suppose
• imparcial, impartial
• imparcialmente, impartially
• impasibilidad, impassibility, stolidity
• impasible, impassive, calm
• impávidamente, boldly, fearlessly
• impávido, -a, unafraid, fearless
• impedir, to impede, hinder, prevent
• impenitente, unpenitent
• imperio, empire, command, power
• imperiosamente, imperatively
• imperioso, -a, imperious
• impertérrito, -a, unterrified, intrepid
• impertinencia, impertinence, nonsense
• ímpetu, m., impetus, push, impulse, energy
• impío, -a, impious, wicked
• implacablemente, implacably, relentlessly
• implícito, -a, implicit, implied
• imponderable, inexpressible
• imponente, imposing
• importante, important
• importantísimo, -a, very important
• importar, to import, be important, matter, concern
• importe, m., value, proceeds
• imposible, impossible
• impresionar, to impress
• impreso, -a, imprinted
• imprimir, to print, imprint
• impropio, -a, improper, unbecoming, not suitable
• imprudente, imprudent
• inadvertido, -a, unnoticed
• inaguantable, intolerable, unendurable
• inapelable, inexorable, final
• incapacitar, to incapacitate, disable
• incapaz, incapable
• incitante, inciting, seeking attention, forward
• incluir, to include, inclose
• inclusa, foundling asylum
• incomodar, to incommode, bother, trouble;
  • —se, to become annoyed, get impatient
• incompatible, incompatible
• inconveniente, inconvenient
• inconveniente, m., inconvenience, bother, deficiency, difficulty
• incorporarse, to sit up
• incorregible, incorrigible, mean
• incredulidad, incredulity
• indefinible, indefinable
• indefinidamente, indefinitely
• indeleble, indelible, not to be effaced
• independiente, independent
• indescriptible, indescribable
• Indias, the Indies
• indicar, to indicate
• indicio, indication, sign
• indiferente, indifferent
• indignación, indignation, anger
• indignidad, indignity
• indigno, -a, unworthy, worthless
• indio, Indian
• indirectamente, indirectly
• indispensable, indispensable
• indisputable, indisputable
• índole, f., nature, kind, sort
• indudable, indubitable, unquestionable, not to be doubted
• indudablemente, undoubtedly
• inédito, -a, unedited
• infame, base; m., infamous person, wretch
• infamia, infamy
• infantería, infantry
• infatigable, indefatigable, tireless
• infeliz, unhappy, miserable
• infernal, infernal
• infiel, unfaithful
• inflamable, inflammable, excitable
• informar, to inform
• informe, shapeless, formless
• infortunado, -a, unfortunate
• ingenuidad, candor, frankness
• ingrato, -a, ungrateful
• inhumanamente, inhumanly, savagely
• injusticia, injustice
• injusto, -a, unjust
• inmediatamente, at once, immediately
• inmediato, -a, immediate, next
• inmóvil, immovable, motionless
• inmovilidad, f., immobility
• inmutable, unalterable, immutable
• inocente, innocent, simple
• inquebrantable, not breakable, firm, unalterable
• inquietud, uneasiness, anxiety
• inquirir, to inquire
• insensato, -a, senseless, foolhardy; madman, crazy person
• insensible, insensible, unconscious
• insertar, to insert, introduce
• inserto, -a, inserted
• insignia, insignia, mark of rank
• insignificante, insignificant
• insistir, to insist, persist
• insolvencia, insolvency, inability to pay
• insoportable, insupportable, intolerable
• inspirar, to inspire
• instancia, instance, urgence, appeal, petition, suit; papers (of a suit)
• instantáneamente, instantaneously
• instante, m., instant, moment
• instintivo, -a, instinctive
• institución, institution
• instrucción, instruction
• insubordinación, insubordination, disobedience
• insultar, to insult
• insulto, insult
• intención, intention, purpose
• interés, m., interest
• interesante, interesting
• interesar, to interest, be of importance
• interior, interior
• interno, interne, boarding (pupil)
• interpelación, interpellation, questioning, question
• interpelar, to call, question
• interponer, to interpose
• interrogación, interrogation, question, inquiry
• interrogante, questioning
• interrogar, to interrogate, question
• interrumpir, to interrupt, break in, put in
• interrupción, interruption
• íntimo, -a, intimate, close
• intrincado, -a, intricate, tangled
• inusitado, -a, unusual
• inútil, useless
• inverso, -a, inverse, opposite
• invitar, to invite
• invocación, invocation, prayer
• involuntario, -a, involuntary
• ir, to go, go on;
  • irse, to go away;
  • ¡Vamos claro[s]! Let us talk plainly!
  • ¡Vaya! Well! Come!
  • ¡Vaya si pesa Vd.! My! but you are heavy!
• ira, anger, wrath
• iracundia, irascibility, wrathfulness
• iracundo, -a, ireful, angry, wrathful
• iris, m., rainbow
• irritante, irritating
• irritar, to irritate
• Isabel, Isabella II, queen of Spain (1830-1904)
• Isidro (San), Saint Isidore (the patron saint of Madrid);
  • día de San ——, May 15
• izquierda, left hand
• izquierdo, -a, left
• J
• jabalí, m., wild boar
• Jacinto, Hyacinth
• jaleo, dance, frolic; hullabaloo, revelry, mêlée
• jamás, never
• jamón, m., ham
• jefe, chief, leader, commander
• Jesucristo, Jesus Christ
• Jesús, Jesus
• jinete, horseman
• Jorge, George (the hero of the story)
• jornada, day, battle
• jornal, m., wages
• jota, j (the letter); dance, tune
• joven, young, juvenile; youth, young man, young woman
• joya, jewel, jewelry
• Juan, John
• júbilo, joy
• jubiloso, -a, joyful, joyous
• judío, Jew
• juego, game, play
• jugar, to play, gamble, gamble away;
  • —se, to be at stake
• juguete, m., toy; sport
• juicio, judgment, opinion
• juntamente, jointly, together
• juntar, to join, put together
• junto, -a, joined, united; together;
  • —— a, near to, next
• juramento, oath, vow
• jurar, to swear, vow
• justamente, exactly
• justificar, to justify
• justo, -a, just, right; exact
• juventud, youth
• juzgar, to judge
• L
• la, her, it
• labio, lip
• lacayo, lackey (servant)
• lacrimosamente, tearfully
• ladino, -a, (knowing Latin, smart), cunning, sly
• lado, side. (Cf. lateral)
• lágrima, tear;
  • llorar a —— viva, to weep copious tears
• lagrimita, little tear
• lamentable, sad
• lamento, lament, moan
• lanzar, to launch, give forth, utter
• lápida, tombstone
• largo, -a, long
• laríngeo, -a, laryngeal (of the throat)
• lástima, pity
• lastimero, -a, piteous, pitiful
• lateralmente, laterally (by a side line)
• latín, Latin;
  • latines, Latin quotations
• le, him, it, you, to him, to her, to you
• leal, loyal, honest
• lealmente, honestly
• lealtad, loyalty, honesty
• lector, reader
• leche, f., milk
• lecho, bed
• leer, to read
• legítimo, -a, legitimate, natural
• lejos, far, afar
• lenguaje, m., language
• lentitud, slowness
• león, lion
• lesión, lesion, hurt, wound
• letargo, lethargy
• levantar, to raise;
  • —se, to rise
• leve, light, slight
• levita, coat, frock coat
• levitón, m., big levita, heavy coat, long coat
• ley, f., law
• libertad, liberty
• librar, to free
• libre, free
• libremente, freely
• libro, book
• lidiar, to contend, struggle. (Cf. litigate)
• ligero, -a, light, slight
• limitar, to limit
• limosna, alms. (Cf. eleemosynary)
• limpio, -a, (limpid), clean, neat;
  • copiar en ——, to copy neatly;
  • sacar en ——, to make plain or clear
• literato, literary man
• lívido, -a, livid, deathlike
• lo, the, that;
  • —— de, that (matter) of;
  • —— que, what;
  • —— que es a usted, as to you
• lo, him, it, so
• loco, -a, crazy, mad;
  • volverse ——, to go crazy
• locuacísimo, -a, very talkative
• locuaz, loquacious, talkative
• locura, madness, folly
• lograr, to succeed, get, gain, attain to
• loquero, keeper [of locos]
• Lucifer, Lucifer (the devil)
• lucir, to shine, show, display
• lucha, struggle, contest
• luchar, to struggle, battle
• luego, soon, immediately, then;
  • —— que, as soon as;
  • desde ——, at once;
  • hasta ——, (till soon) good-by;
  • tan —— como or que, as soon as
• lugar, m., place;
  • en —— de, instead of
• lúgubre, lugubrious, sad, mournful
• Luis, Louis
• lujoso, -a, luxurious
• luto, mourning (dress), grief;
  • vestir de ——,  to dress in mourning
• luz, f., light;
  • a todas luces, by all evidence, evidently, in all respects;
  • dar a luces, to give birth to
• L
• llamar, to call, summon, name; knock, ring;
  • la llamada Angustias, the one named Angustias
• llamativo, -a, calling; loud, striking
• llaneza, simplicity, trustfulness
• llano, -a, plain, level
• llegada, arrival
• llegar, to arrive, reach, succeed;
  • —— a, to happen to
• lleno, -a, full
• llevar, to carry, bear, take up, bring;
  • —— a mal, to take ill
• llorar, to cry, weep
• llorón, -ona, weeping, crying easily
• M
• madera, frame (house), wood;
  • —s, wooden shutters
• madre, mother
• Madrid, Madrid (the city)
• madrileño, -a, a. and s., of Madrid; Madrider, citizen of Madrid
• madrugada, early morning
• Maella, the town in Saragossa
• maestro, -a, superior;
  • obra maestra, masterpiece, chef-d'œuvre
• magistrado, magistrate
• magnánimo, -a, magnanimous
• magnífico, -a, magnificent
• majadería, absurdity, foolish act or saying
• majestad, majesty
• mal, for malo
• mal, ill, badly
• mal, m., evil, wrong; disease
• malamente, ill, badly
• maldito, -a, damned, accursed
• maledicencia, evil talk, slander
• malo, -a, bad, poor, sick, ill
• malparado, -a, done up, injured, wounded
• malvado, villain
• mamá, mamma
• manchar, to soil, stain, corrupt
• mandar, to order, command, send
• manecita, little hand
• manera, manner, way
• manifestar, to manifest, show
• mano, f., hand;
  • echar una ——, to play a hand
• manojo, bundle, bunch
• mansedumbre, mildness, gentleness
• manso, -a, gentle, mild, tame
• mantener, to maintain, support
• mañana, tomorrow;
  • hasta ——, till tomorrow
• mañana, morning
• mar, m. or f., sea
• maravedí, m., the small copper coin, ¹/₆ cent
• maravillar, to marvel, amaze, surprise
• marca, mark
• marcar, to mark, show
• Marcha Real, Royal March
• marchar, to walk, go;
  • —se, to go away
• marfil, m., ivory
• María, Mary
• marica, magpie
• marido, husband
• marinero, mariner, sailor
• Maroto, the Carlist general (1785-1847)
• marqués, marquis
• Marte, Mars (god of war)
• martirio, martyrdom
• marzo, March
• mas, but
• más, more, farther;
  • —— bien, rather;
  • ——  de, —— de lo que, ——  que, more than;
  • como la que ——, as [much as] anybody
• matar, to kill
• matasanos, m., quack ("killer of well people")
• materia, matter
• matrimonio, matrimony
• mayo, May
• mayor, major, greater, older, elderly;
  • el, la ——, the greatest;
  • calle Mayor, Main Street (of Madrid);
  • Plaza Mayor, Main Square
• medalla, medal
• mediar, to serve as a means, intervene
• medicina, medicine
• médico, physician, doctor
• medio, half, middle, means;
  • en —— de, in the midst (middle) of;
  • por —— de, by means of
• medio, adv., half, partly
• medio, -a, half, middle, mid
• mejor, better;
  • el, la ——, best;
  • —— que ——, better and better;
  • por —— decir, better said
• mejorar, to make better;
  • —se, to grow better, improve. (Cf. Eng. ameliorate)
• mejoría, improvement
• melancolía, melancholy
• melancólicamente, mournfully
• melancólico, -a, melancholy, gloomy
• melindre, m., prudery
• memoria, memory;
  • de ——, by heart
• mencionar, to mention
• menester, m., need;
  • ser ——, to be necessary
• menesteroso, -a, needy
• menor, younger
• menos, less, except;
  • —— de, less than;
  • a lo ——, at least
• mentir, to lie, deceive
• meramente, merely
• mercante, merchant, mercantile
• merecer, to merit, deserve, win, earn from
• mérito, merit, value
• mero, -a, mere, simple
• mes, m., month;
  • —— de flores, May
• mesilla, small table
• meter, to put;
  • —— ruido, to make a noise;
  • —se a, to become; to meddle;
  • —se en buena, to get in a pretty fix
• método, method
• metralla, grapeshot
• mezclar, to mix;
  • —se, to meddle
• mí, me
• mi, my
• miedo, fear;
  • —— a, fear of
• mientras, while;
  • —— que, while;
  • —— tanto, meanwhile
• mil, thousand
• milagro, miracle
• militar, military
• militar, m., soldier
• millón, m., million
• millonario, -a, millionaire
• milloncejo, little million
• mimar, to pet, indulge
• mimo, petting, indulgence
• ministerio, ministry, service, action
• ministro, minister
• minucioso, -a, minute, detailed, attentive
• minuto, minute
• mío, -a, my, mine
• mirada, look, glance
• mirar, to look, glance, look at, see;
  • —— por, to look out for, take heed for;
  • ¡mira! consider! behold!
• miseria, misery; trifle
• misericordia, mercy, grace
• misericordioso, -a, merciful
• mismísimo, -a, the very... himself
• mismo, same, very;
  • por lo ——, for the very reason
• mismo, -a, same, self, very;
  • ahora mismo, right now
• misterioso, -a, mysterious
• mitad, half; middle
• moco, mucus, snot;
  • a —— tendido, till the nose runs
• mocosillo, -a, snotnose, green person
• modales, m. pl., manners
• modelo, model
• moderado, -a, moderate
• modestia, modesty
• modesto, -a, modest
• modo, mode, manner, way;
  • de todos —s, by all means;
  • de —— que, so that;
  • de —— y forma, in such a way and manner
• mofa, mockery
• mohino, -a, cross, ill-humored
• molde, m., mold, pattern
• molestar, to molest, annoy, bother
• molestia, trouble, annoyance
• momento, moment
• monarquía, monarchy
• Mondoñedo, the town in Galicia
• moneda, coin
• monja, nun
• mono, monkey
• monstruo, monster
• montar, to mount;
  • —— en cólera, to get mad
• montés, -esa, of the mountains, wild, savage
• Montijo, name of a family of nobles
• monumento, monument
• moral, moral
• morada, dwelling, sojourn
• mordaza, gag
• morder, to bite
• moribundo, -a, dying person
• morir[se], to die
• mortal, mortal
• mortuorio, -a, mortuary, of the dead;
  • casa mortuoria, house of mourning
• mostrar, to show
• mote, m., nickname
• motivo, motive, reason
• mover, to move;
  • —se, to move about, stir
• moza, girl, young woman
• muchacho, -a, boy, girl
• muchísimo, very much
• mucho, -a, much; pl., many
• mudo, -a, mute
• mueble, m., piece of furniture, furniture. (Cf. Eng. movable)
• muerte, f., death;
  • de ——, mortally
• muerto, -a, dead;
  • los —s, the dead
• mujer, woman, wife
• mula, mule
• muleta, prop, crutch, cane;
  • —s desiguales, i.e. crutch and cane
• múltiple, multiple, numerous
• mundo, world;
  • todo el ——, everybody, every one
• muñeco, doll, baby; brat
• murmuración, talk, gossip
• murmurar, to murmur, mutter, talk about
• música, music
• mutilación, mutilation, maiming
• muy, very, very much, quite
• N
• nácar, m., mother-of-pearl
• nacer, to be born
• naciente, nascent, rising, beginning
• nada, nothing;
  • casi ——, hardly any;
  • ¡nada! not at all! never!
• nadie, no one
• naipe, m., playing card
• Narváez, the duke and general, rival of Espartero (1800-1868)
• nasal, nasal
• natural, natural, native
• naturaleza, nature
• naturalidad, naturalness
• naturalmente, naturally, of course
• náufrago, shipwrecked man
• náusea, usually pl., nausea
• Navarra, Navarre (the province)
• necesario, -a, necessary
• necesidad, necessity
• necesitar, to need, want
• necio, -a, a. and s., stupid, foolish; fool
• negar, to deny;
  • —se, to refuse
• negativo, -a, negative
• negocio, business, affair, matter
• negro, -a, black
• nervio, nerve
• nervioso, -a, nervous
• neutralizar, to neutralize
• ni, neither, nor, even; (in question or with negative) or;
  • —— aun, not even
• nimiedad, excess, nicety, minuteness
• ningún, ninguno, -a, no, none, not any, any
• niño, -a, boy, girl, child
• no, no, not;
  • a ——, unless;
  • —— sea, unless, lest
• nobiliario, -a, noble
• noble, noble
• nobleza, nobleness, nobility, dignity
• noche, f., night;
  • buenas —s, good night!
• nodriza, nurse
• nolis, see velis
• nombramiento, nomination, appointment
• nombrar, to name, appoint; to call by name
• nombre, m., name
• nos, us, to us, ourselves
• nosotros, -as, we, us
• nota, note, bill, account
• notar, to note, notice
• noticia, notice, news, report
• notificar, to notify
• novedad, novelty, something new
• novio, beau, lover, betrothed
• nube, f., cloud
• nublado, clouds, cloudiness, storm
• nuestro, -a, our, ours
• nueva, news
• nuevamente, anew, again
• nueve, nine
• nuevo, -a, new;
  • de ——, anew, again
• nuez, f., walnut
• número, number
• nunca, never
• nupcias, f. pl., nuptials, wedlock, marriage
• O
• o, or;
  • ——... ——, either... or;
  • —— sea, or be it, or else
• obediencia, obedience
• obediente, obedient
• óbito, (little used) passing, demise
• oblicuo, -a, oblique, diagonal
• obligación, obligation
• obligar, to oblige, compel
• obra, work, deed
• obscuro, -a, obscure, dark
• obsequio, honor, politeness, present favor
• observación, observation
• observar, to observe, remark
• obtener, to obtain
• obvio, -a, obvious, plain
• ocasión, occasion, opportunity
• occipucio, occiput, back of the head
• ocio, leisure
• ocioso, -a, otiose, idle, empty, useless
• ocultar, to hide
• ocupar, to occupy
• ocurrencia, occurrence
• ocurrir, to occur, happen
• ocho, eight
• odiar, to hate
• odio, odium, hatred
• odioso, -a, odious, hateful
• ofender, to offend
• oficial, officer
• oficina, office, bureau
• oficio, office, function;
  • de ——, by profession
• ofrecer, to offer
• ofrecimiento, offer, offering
• ¡oh! oh!
• oír, to hear, understand
• ojo, eye
• olvidar, to forget
• omitir, to omit
• once, eleven
• operación, operation
• opinar, to opine, think
• opinión, opinion, judgment
• oponer, to oppose
• oportuno, -a, opportune
• opuesto, -a, opposite
• ora, for ahora, now
• oración, oration, discourse
• orador, orator, speaker
• oratorio, -a, oratorical
• órbita, orbit, socket
• orden, m. or f., order (class, kind, rank, title, command);
  • de ——, with a standing;
  • por este ——, of this kind
• ordenar, to order
• oreja, ear
• orfandad, pension, orphan's pension
• órgano, organ, (in phrenology) "bump"
• orgullo, pride
• orgulloso, -a, proud
• origen, m., origin
• originario, -a, originary, by birth, by origin
• oro, gold
• os, you, to you
• oso, bear; cross person
• otorgar, to grant, give (authorize)
• otro, -a, other, another, next;
  • otra vez, again
• P
• pa: see pe
• paciencia, patience
• paciente, a. and s., patient, forbearing; patient, sufferer
• pacientísimo, -a, most patient
• pacífico, -a, pacific, peaceful
• padecer, to suffer
• padre, father
• padrino, patron, sponsor, witness, backer
• paga, pay, payment
• pagado, -a, pleased, satisfied
• pagar, to pay, repay, acquit
• país, m., country
• paisano, peasant, countryman; civilian
• paja, straw;
  • por un quítame allá esas —s, for a mere trifle, for nothing
• Pajares, ("Strawstacks") a suitor of Angustias
• palabra, word, speech;
  • —— de rey, faithful word
• palacio, palace
• pálido, -a, pale, colorless
• palitroque, m., club, rough stick
• palma, palm (of the hand)
• palmotada, slap (of the hand)
• palo, suit (in cards)
• paloma, dove
• pamplina, duckweed; trifle
• pan, m., bread
• panadero, baker; breadman
• pantalón, pantaloons, trousers
• paño, cloth, stuff
• pañuelo, little cloth, handkerchief
• papel, m., paper
• papelucho, old or mean piece of paper, document
• papilla, pap
• par, equal, even;
  • a la ——, at the same time, equally
• para, for, to, until, in order to;
  • —— que, so that, in order that;
  • ¿—— que? why?
  • —— sí, to  himself, herself, themselves;
  • ni hay —— que, nor is there any reason
• parágrafo, paragraph
• Paraíso, Paradise
• parar, to stop, halt, end;
  • —se en, to notice, mark;
  • —— a, to end at, on
• parecer, to appear, seem (good)
• parecido, -a, like, similar
• pared, f., wall (of a house)
• parentela, kindred
• pariente, -ta, kinsman, kinswoman, relative
• parte, f., part, side;
  • de ——, in behalf
• participar, to inform, participate
• particular, particular, private, peculiar
• particular, m., particular, detail
• partida, trick, prank
• partido, part, party;
  • tomar ——, to take sides, enlist
• partir, to part, divide, depart;
  • —— la diferencia, to split the difference
• párrafo: see parágrafo
• pasar, to pass, pass away;
  • —— por, to pass through, undergo; to send;
  • —lo, to get along;
  • —— por las armas, to execute (by shooting)
• paseante, promenader, stroller, loafer
• pasear, to walk, promenade, lead, conduct;
  • —se, to walk or go (for pleasure)
• paseo, promenade
• pasillo, small passageway, vestibule
• paso, step, passage;
  • al ——, on the way;
  • dar un ——, to take a step
• pasta, paste, material, make-up
• patriótico, -a, patriotic
• patrulla, patrol, group
• pausa, pause
• paz, f., peace
• pe, f., the letter p;
  • de —— a pa, from a to izzard
• pecuniario, -a, pecuniary, of money
• pecho, breast
• pedazo, piece;
  • hacer —s, to tear up
• pedir, to ask, demand;
  • —— a, demand from
• Pedro, Peter;
  • como a —— por su casa, like Jack in his own house
• pegar, to strike, hit, stick, shoot
• peinarse, to comb the hair
• Pekín, Pekin (city in China)
• pelar, to shear, pluck
• Pelayo, the first king of the Spaniards
• pelear, to fight, quarrel, wrangle
• peligro, peril, danger
• peligrosísimo, -a, very perilous
• peligroso, -a, perilous
• pelo, hair
• pellejo, skin, hide (of animals)
• pena, pain; sorrow; penalty
• pendencia, (hanging), quarrel, dispute
• pendiente, m., earring
• penetrar, to penetrate
• penoso, -a, painful, grievous
• pensamiento, thought
• pensar en, to think of, consider, intend;
  • —— —— que, to remember the fact that
• pensión, pension
• peor, worse;
  • el or la ——, the worst;
  • —— que ——, worse and worse
• pequeñez, smallness; little thing, trifle
• perder, to lose
• perdiz, f., partridge
• perdón, pardon
• perdonar, to pardon, excuse
• peregrino, -a, strange; excellent
• Peregrinos (calle de), Pilgrims (Street)
• perfección, perfection
• perfectísimamente, perfectly
• perfecto, -a, perfect
• pericia, skill
• peripecia, change in situation, dénouement
• perito, -a, skillful, able; connoisseur, expert
• perjudicar, to harm, injure
• perla, pearl
• permanecer, to remain
• permiso, permission
• permitir, to permit
• pero, but
• perogrullada, self-evident truth. (From Pero Grullo or Perogrullo)
• perpetuo, -a, perpetual
• perro, dog
• persiana, Venetian blinds, shutters
• persona, person
• personaje, m., personage, character
• personal, personal
• personalidad, personality
• personalmente, personally
• pertenecer (a), to belong to
• perturbar, to perturb, disturb
• pesadez, heaviness, tediousness
• pesar, m., sorrow, grief;
  • a —— de, in spite of
• pesar, to weigh, be heavy
• pescuezo, neck, nape
• peso, weight;
  • en ——, bodily
• pesquisidor, -ora, inquiring, scrutinizing, searching, inquisitive
• piadoso, -a, pious, kind
• picaporte, m., door latch
• picar, to prick, pique;
  • —se, to be piqued, take offense
• pícaro, -a, a. and s., rascally, roguish; blamed; rogue, sharper
• pie, m., foot;
  • a cuatro —s, on all fours;
  • ponerse de ——, to stand up
• piedad, piety
• pierna, leg
• pieza, piece, part, section
• pilar, m., pillar
• Pilar: Virgen del—— , the Virgin of the Pillar (in Saragossa)
• piso, floor;
  • —— bajo, ground floor, lower story
• plancha, flatiron
• planta, sole of the foot, foot
• plantear, to shape;
  • —se, to come up, be raised, take shape
• plata, silver
• plaza, place, public square
• plazo, fixed time, respite, reprieve, term
• pleito, case, lawsuit; dispute
• pobre, poor
• pobrecito, poor little fellow
• pobrete, poor old fellow
• pobreza, poverty
• poco, -a, little;
  • pocos, -as, some, a few
• poco, adv., little;
  • a —— (tiempo) de, in a little while, soon
• poder, m., power, possession
• poder, to be able;
  • no puedo menos de, I cannot help but
• política, politics
• político, -a, political
• pollo, chicken
• poner, to put, set, call; ( = tratar) to consider; to put on;
  • —se, to become;
  • —se a, to begin
• poquísimo, -a, very little
• poquitillo, -a, very little
• por, per, for, by, through; so as to;
  • ¿—— qué? why?
  • ——... que, however...;
  • —— si, if, in case, possibly, lest, for fear that;
  • —— la tarde, in the afternoon
• pormenor, m., detail
• porque, because, so that, for; often que for porque
• portal, m., doorway, entrance, archway
• porte, m., bearing, carriage
• portero, -a, porter, janitor
• porvenir, m., future
• posar, —se, to rest
• poseedor, possessor, owner
• poseer, to possess, own
• posible, possible
• posición, position
• positivo, -a, positive
• posterior, posterior, after; later
• postura, posture
• potencia, potency, power
• potentado, potentate, powerful one
• preámbulo, preamble, preface
• precaución, precaution
• preceder, to precede
• Preciados (calle de), Smart-set (Street)
• precio, price
• precisamente, precisely
• preciso, -a, precise, exact; necessary
• predecir, to predict
• predominar, to predominate
• preferir, to prefer
• pregonar, to herald, proclaim, announce
• pregunta, question
• preguntar, to ask, question
• prenda, pledge, jewel;
  • gracias, ——, thanks, dear
• prendarse de, to be taken with, fall in love with;
  • prendado, enamored
• preparar, to prepare
• prescindir de, to forego, do without, omit
• presencia, presence
• presentar, to present, introduce
• presente, present, actual; hacer—— , to remind, recommend
• presente, present
• presentir, to foresee, have a presentiment of, anticipate
• presidente, president
• presidio, prison, garrison (of a prison); fort
• prestado, loan, thing or amount loaned
• prestar, to lend, give
• preste, priest
• Preste Juan de las Indias, Prester John (a supposed rich and powerful oriental ruler)
• presteza, quickness, speed
• presunto, -a, presumptive, supposed
• presuntuoso, -a, presumptuous, forward
• pretender, to pretend, seek; claim, woo
• pretendiente, suitor, wooer
• previo, -a, previous
• primavera, spring
• primer: see primero, -a
• primero, first, sooner, rather
• primero, -a, first, foremost
• primo, cousin;
  • —— hermano, first cousin, cousin german
• princesa, princess
• principal, principal, chief, leading, prominent
• príncipe, prince
• principiar, to begin
• principio, beginning
• prisa, haste, hurry;
  • de ——, quickly, hurriedly;
  • darse ——, to hasten;
  • tener ——, to be in a hurry
• privadamente, privately
• privado, -a, deprived
• privar, to deprive
• privilegio, privilege
• probabilidad, probability
• probable, probable
• probablemente, probably
• procedencia, source, origin
• proclamar, to proclaim
• procurador, attorney, solicitor
• procurar, to try, endeavor
• prodigio, prodigy, wonder
• prodigioso, -a, prodigious, great
• producir, to produce
• producto, product, proceeds
• proferir, to set forth, declare, assent
• profesar, to profess
• profundamente, deeply
• profundizar, to go deep, penetrate
• profundo, -a, profound, deep
• pronóstico, prognostics, (doctor's) prediction, forecast
• pronto, -a, prompt, ready, quick;
  • al ——, at once, at first
• pronto, quickly, soon;
  • de ——, suddenly
• pronunciar, to pronounce, say;
  • —se, to declare one's self (in revolt)
• propio, -a, proper, own, self, very
• proponer, to purpose, propose;
  • —se, to propose to one's self
• proporcionar, to proportion, grant, get
• propósito, purpose, intention;
  • a ——, to the purpose;
  • a —— de, apropos of, with regard to
• proscrito, -a, proscribed, outlawed
• proseguir, to continue
• prosperidad, prosperity
• protagonista, m., protagonist (first or chief actor), hero
• protección, protection
• protesta, protest
• proveer, to provide, plan for, decide
• Providencia, Providence
• provocar, to provoke, make angry
• próximo, -a, near, very near
• proyectil, m., projectile
• prudencia, prudence
• prudente, prudent
• prudentísimo, -a, very prudent
• prueba, proof
• psicólogo, psychologist
• público, public, audience
• público, -a, public
• puchero, boiling pot; whimpering, sobbing
• pudor, m., modesty, sense of propriety
• pudoroso, -a, modest
• pueril, puerile, childish
• puerta, door, gate
• Puerta del Sol, the great square in Madrid
• puerto, port, harbor
• pues, then; well;
  • —— bien, all right; conj., for, since
• puesto, post, place
• puesto, -a: puesto que, it being supposed that, since, because
• pugnar, to fight, contend
• pulcritud, beauty, neatness
• pulcro, -a, neat, well-groomed
• pulsar, to feel the pulse of
• pulso, pulse
• punta, point;
  • de ——, on end
• punto, point (of time or place), purpose;
  • un ——, for a moment;
  • —— por ——, item by item;
  • a —— de, on the point of;
  • hasta cierto ——, up to a certain point;
  • puesto (puesta) en sus —s, in all her perfection
• puñado, handful, group
• puñal, m., poniard, dagger;
  • clavar un ——, to thrust a dagger
• puño, fist
• pupilaje, m., board
• pupilo, boarder
• pupitre, m., desk
• puramente, purely
• purísimo, -a, most pure, most holy
• puro, -a, pure
• Q
• Q. S. G. H. = que santa gloria haya, may he (she) rest in peace
• que, who, which;
  • el, la ——, the one who, he who;
  • lo ——, (that which), what;
  • a lo ——, as
• que, that, so that; often for porque, because;
  • a ——, until;
  • el ——, (the fact) that;
  • en ——, in case that;
  • es ——, the fact is that
• que, than, as
• ¿qué? which? what?
  • ¿a ——? to what end? what for?
• ¡qué! what a! what! how!
• quebrantar, to break
• quedamente, quietly
• quedar, to remain;
  • —— en ( = consentir en), to rest or settle on, agree on, abide by;
  • —se, to stay
• quedo, -a, quiet, gentle
• quejarse, to complain
• quemar, to burn, heat up
• querer, to wish, love, like;
  • —— decir, to mean
• querido, -a, beloved, dear
• quien, who, whom; he who
• ¿quién? who?
• quieto, -a, quiet, still
• quina, quinine
• quince, fifteen
• quinientos, -as, five hundred
• quitar, to take away, remove;
  • —se, to take off;
  • de quita y pon, adjustable, that can be put on or taken off
• quizá, perhaps
• R
• rabia, rage
• rabioso, -a, raging, furious
• radicar, to have root, have its origin
• rama, branch;
  • en ——, raw
• ramillete, m., bouquet;
  • —— de dulces, assortment of candied fruit (on centerpiece, in a box)
• ramo, bunch, bouquet
• Ramón, Raymond
• rápidamente, rapidly
• rápido, -a, rapid, quick
• raro, -a, rare, queer
• rato, moment
• rayo, lightning, flash
• razón, f., reason;
  • tener ——, to be right;
  • venirse a razones, to yield to reason
• real, royal; real
• real, m., real (Spanish coin, worth about five cents)
• realidad, reality
• realizar, to realize, effect
• recado, message, announcement
• recato, prudence, care, consideration
• receta, prescription, recipe
• recibir, to receive
• reclinar, to recline, lean back
• recobrar, to recover, get back
• recomendar, to recommend
• recompensa, reward, compensation
• reconocer, to recognize, acknowledge
• reconstituir, to reëstablish, reconstitute
• reconvenir, to rebuke
• recordar, to remember, recall, remind
• recorrer, to pass through, traverse, cover
• recurso, recourse, resource, way
• rechazo, rebound, ricochet;
  • de ——, upon the rebound, deflected
• red, f., net
• redondo, -a, round
• reducir, to reduce, set (a bone)
• reemplazo, substitute;
  • estar de ——, to be suspended, be on half pay;
  • paga de ——, half pay
• refajo, a short skirt, petticoat
• referir, to relate, refer, cite;
  • referido, aforesaid
• refilón: de—— , obliquely, glancing, angling
• reflejo, reflexion
• reflexión, reflection
• reflexionar, to reflect
• reflexivo, -a, reflexive
• reformar, to reform, form anew
• refrenar, to refrain, hold back, rein in
• refriega, affray, conflict
• regalar, to present, give
• regalo, present, gift
• regatear, to wrangle, haggle over (in buying and selling)
• regimiento, regiment
• regresar, to return
• regular, regular
• regular, to regulate, make regular
• regularidad, regularity
• reina, queen
• reinar, to reign
• reintegro, making up, reimbursement
• reír, to laugh;
  • —se (de), to laugh at
• reja, iron bars, window grating
• relación, relation, narration, story, account
• relato, statement, narration
• relevar, to relieve, free
• religioso, -a, religious
• reloj, m., timepiece, watch, clock
• reluciente, resplendent
• remate, m., end, finish
• remediar, to remedy
• remedio, remedy, help;
  • sin ——, in spite of everything
• remendar, to mend
• remolón, -ona, lazy, shirking
• remoto, -a, remote, distant
• rencor, rancor, cherished hate
• rendir, to subject, vanquish;
  • —se, to surrender
• renglón, m., line (written or printed);
  • a —— seguido, right after that
• renovar, to renew
• renta, income
• renunciar, to renounce, forego
• reñir, to quarrel
• reo, m. and f., criminal;
  • —— en capilla, a (sentenced) criminal (at prayer) in (the prison) chapel
• reojo: mirar de—— , to look at out of the tail of the eye
• reparar, to repair, stop;
  • —— en, to give attention to
• reparo, objection, what one stops over
• repetir, to repeat
• replicar, to reply
• reponer, to put back, reply;
  • —se, to recover;
  • repuso = respondió, he replied
• reportar, to restrain;
  • —se, to control one's self
• reposar, to repose, rest
• reposo, repose, peace
• representación, representation
• representante, representative
• representar, to represent
• reprimir, to repress
• república, republic
• republicano, -a, a. and s., republican
• repugnancia, repugnance
• repugnante, repugnant
• repuso = respondió, he replied
• reputación, reputation, renown
• requerir, to require, seek;
  • —— de amores, to make love to
• requilorios, m. pl., roundabout ways, beating around the bush
• resabio, ("bad taste"), vice, bad habit
• reseñar, to sum up briefly, outline
• reserva, reserve, secrecy
• reservar, to reserve, hold back;
  • —se de, to keep clear of
• resignar, to resign;
  • —se a, to give up to
• resistir, to resist
• resolución, resolution, solution, settlement, outcome
• resolver, to resolve, finish up, decide, settle
• resoplido, snort, blow
• resorte, m., spring
• respecto, respect, regard;
  • —— a, —— de, in or with respect to
• respetable, respectable
• respetar, to respect
• respeto, respect, esteem
• respirar, to breathe
• responder, to answer;
  • —— de que, vouch for; for respondió, he answered, often repuso
• respuesta, answer
• restablecer, to reëstablish
• restañar, to staunch
• restar, to remain
• resto, remainder, rest
• resueltamente, resolutely
• resuelto, -a, resolute
• resulta, result;
  • de —s de, por —s de, as a result of
• resultar, to result, come out, seem
• resumen, m., summary
• resumir, to sum up, state briefly
• retirada, retreat
• retirar, to withdraw;
  • —se, to retire
• retiro, retreat;
  • Buen Retiro, park in Madrid
• retorcer, to twist, curl
• retorcido, -a, twisted, crooked
• retratar, to picture, portray
• retrato, portrait; description
• retreparse, to lean back, tilt back
• retroceder, to recede, retreat
• retrospectivo, -a, retrospective, earlier
• reunir, to unite, gather;
  • —se, to assemble
• revalidar, to ratify, confirm
• revelar, to reveal
• reventar, to burst; to use up; to die (like an animal)
• reverencia, reverence; bow
• revés, m., reverse, back;
  • del ——, inside out, upside down
• revocar, to revoke
• revolcar, to roll, wallow;
  • —se, to toss about, turn over, writhe
• revoltoso, insurgent, rioter
• revolucionario, revolutionist
• revolver, to revolve;
  • —se, to go to and fro, turn back
• rey, king
• rezar, to pray, (for recitar) say
• rico, -a, rich
• ridiculez, ridiculousness
• Riego, the revolutionist and patriot, executed 1820
• rígido, -a, rigid, stiff
• riña, fight
• río, river, stream
• riqueza, richness; riches
• risa, laughter
• roble, m., oak
• robusto, -a, (like oak), robust, vigorous
• rodear, to surround
• rodilla, knee;
  • caer de —s, to fall on the knees
• Rodrigo, Roderick
• rogar, to ask, beg
• rojo, -a, red
• romper, to break, burst out
• roncar, to snore
• rondar, to go the rounds, make one's beat
• ronquido, snoring
• ronzal, m., halter
• ropa, clothes, dress;
  • —s, clothes, drapery;
  • —— blanca, linen
• rorro, baby
• rosa, rose
• Rosa, Rosa, Rose (the servant in the story)
• rosicler, m., rose red
• Rosita, Rosa
• rostro, face
• roto, -a, broken
• rotura, fracture, break
• rubor, blush, shame
• ruborizarse, to redden, blush
• rudeza, rudeness
• rudo, -a, rude, rough, gruff, blunt
• rueda, wheel;
  • de —s, with casters
• ruego, asking, request, entreaty
• rugido, roar
• rugir, to roar
• ruido, noise, stir
• ruín, vile, villainous, mean, worthless
• rumor, rumor, sound
• S
• S. E. = Su Excelencia, his, your, Excellency
• S. M. = Su Majestad, his, your, Majesty
• sabedor, -ora, knowing, informed
• saber, to know, know how;
  • —— de memoria, to know by heart
• sabido, -a, learned, known
• sabiendas: a—— de, knowingly, aware of
• sabio, savant, scholar, wise man
• sabio, -a, learned; wise
• sable, m., saber
• sacar, to draw out, bring out; extort; infer;
  • —— en limpio,to conclude, make out
• sacrificar, to sacrifice
• sacudir, to shake, shake-off
• sagrado, -a, sacred
• sala, parlor, hall, room
• salida, sally, coming out
• salir (de), to go out, come out, issue from;
  • —— a, to turn out like, look like;
  • —— al encuentro, to go out to meet
• salita, a little sala or room
• salón, m., salon, parlor
• saltar, to leap, blow up
• salud, health, welfare
• saludable, healthful
• saludar, to salute, speak to
• saludo, salute, greeting
• salvaje, a. and s., savage
• salvar, to save
• Salve, Hail! (from a Latin prayer, Salve Regina)
• San, for Santo, Saint
• Sánchez, the doctor in the story
• saneado, -a, clear (of debt), net
• sangre, f., blood
• sano, -a, healthy, sound;
  • cortar por la sano, to go right to the subject
• Sansón, Samson
• santísimo, -a, most holy
• santo, -a, a. and s., holy, saintly; blessed; saint
• Santurce, the family name; a province in Biscay
• santurrón, -ona, hypocrite
• satisfacción, satisfaction
• satisfacer, to satisfy
• satisfecho, -a (de, with), satisfied, content
• sayón, -ona, tyrant, tormentor
• sazón, f., season, time
• se, reflex.,-self or-selves, any gender or number, dative or accusative, herself, itself, themselves, each other, one another
• sección, section
• secreto, secret
• secundar, to second, assist
• sedicioso, -a, a. and s., seditious, rebellious; insurgent
• seducción, seduction
• seductor, -ora, seductive, alluring
• seguida, succession, continuation;
  • en ——, next, at once, immediately
• seguido, -a, successive, consecutive
• seguir, to follow, continue, go on
• según, as, according to;
  • —— que, as, just as
• segundo, second (of time)
• segundo, -a, second
• seguridad, surety, certainty
• seguro, -a, sure, safe, true
• seis, six
• semana, week
• semejante, similar
• senado, senate
• senador, senator
• sencillez, simplicity
• sencillo, -a, simple
• sendos, -as, single, several;
  • en sendas butacas, each in an arm chair
• seno, bosom
• sensibilidad, sensibility, feeling
• sensible, sensitive, emotional
• sentar, to seat, set; to suit; to fit;
  • —se, to sit down
• sentencia, sentence, opinion, verdict
• sentido, -a, felt; sorrowful
• sentido, sense, feeling
• sentimiento, feeling, sentiment, sorrow
• sentir, to feel, feel bad over, be sorry
• seña, sign;
  • —s, address
• señal, f., signal, sign, evidence
• señalado, -a, signal, notable
• señalar, to signalize, point out, name
• señor, gentleman, sir, Mr.
• señora, lady, madam, Mrs.
• señoría, f., lordship, ladyship
• señorita, young lady, Miss
• separar, to separate, sever
• sepulcro, sepulcher
• sepultura, tomb, grave
• ser, m., being, nature;
  • —— y estado, state and condition
• ser, to be;
  • o sea, in other words, or rather;
  • sea... sea, whether... or;
  • no sea que, lest
• seráfico, -a, seraphic, angelic
• serafín, m., seraph (angelic beauty)
• serenar, to calm, quiet down
• serenidad, serenity, calmness
• sereno, night watchman (who cries——)
• sereno, -a, serene, fair, calm
• serio, -a, serious;
  • por lo ——, seriously
• serpiente, f., serpent
• servidor, -ora, servant;
  • —— de V., at your service
• servir (de), to serve (as, for)
• sesenta, sixty
• seso, brain;
  • devanarse los —s, to rack the brains
• severamente, severely
• severo, -a, severe
• sexagenario, sexagenarian (one who is sixty)
• sexo, sex
• si, if; why;
  • —— no, if (you do) not (think so);
  • por ——, in case
• sí, himself, herself, itself, themselves; to himself, etc.
• sí, yes (indeed, truly, certainly)
• siempre, always
• siete, seven
• siglo, century, age
• significado, ("thing meant"), meaning
• significar, to signify, mean
• siguiente, following, next
• sílaba, syllable
• silbar, to whistle
• silencio, silence
• silencioso, -a, silent
• silla, chair
• sillón, m., big chair, arm chair;
  • —— cama, invalid's chair;
  • —— de ruedas, wheel chair
• símbolo, symbol
• simétricamente, symmetrically
• simétrico, -a, symmetrical, even
• simpleza, simplicity; silliness
• simular, to seem, pretend, feign
• sin, without
• sinceridad, sincerity
• sincero, -a, sincere
• singular, singular, strange
• sino, but (after negative), unless, except;
  • —— que, but that
• sinsabor (without taste), disgust, displeasure, bother
• síntoma, m., symptom
• sinventura, m., luckless person, unfortunate one
• siquiera, ("if you please"), at least, even;
  • ni tan ——, not even so much as
• sirena, siren (enchantress)
• sirvienta, servant, maid
• sirviente, servant
• sistema, m., system
• sistemáticamente, systematically, regularly
• sistemático, -a, systematic
• sitio, site, place
• situación, situation
• situado, -a, situated
• so (form of sub-), under
• soberano, -a, sovereign (supreme, noble, lofty)
• sobra, surplus, excess;
  • de ——, in excess, enough and more
• sobrar, to be over, be more than enough
• sobre (form of super), over, above, on, about
• sobremanera, beyond measure
• sobreponer, to overlay;
  • —se (a), to be above, overcome
• sobrevenir, to happen, occur, arise
• sobriedad, sobriety
• sobrina, niece
• social, social
• sociedad, society
• socorrer, to succor, help
• socorro, succor, aid
• sofá, m., sofa
• sofocación, suffocation, distress
• sol, m., sun
• soldado, soldier
• soledad, solitude, loneliness
• solemne, solemn
• solemnidad, solemnity
• soler, to be accustomed
• solicitar, to solicit, woo
• solícito, -a, solicitous, interested, eager, loving.
• solicitud, suit, petition
• solimán (for sublimado), m., corrosive sublimate (the poison)
• solitario, solitaire;
  • —s, games of solitaire
• solitario, -a, solitary
• sólo, alone, only, merely
• solo, -a, sole, alone;
  • a solas, alone, in private
• soltar, to let go, let out;
  • —— la carcajada, to burst out laughing
• soltero, -a, a. and s., single, unmarried; bachelor, miss
• solterón, old bachelor
• sollozar, to sob
• sombrero, hat
• son, sound, tone, tune, manner
• sonar, to sound, strike
• sonoro, -a, sounding, sonorous, loud
• sonreír[se], to smile
• sonrisa, smile
• soportar, to support, bear, endure
• sorbo, swallow
• sordo, -a, deaf; not well heard, dull
• sosegadamente, quietly
• sosegado, -a, quiet, peaceful
• sosegar, to quiet;
  • —se, to become quiet or calm
• sosiego, tranquillity
• sostener, to sustain, maintain
• Sr.: see Señor
• su, his, her, its, their, your, etc.
• suave, gentle, mild, meek, polite
• suavemente, suavely
• suavidad, suavity (gentleness, softness)
• súbdito, subject
• subir, to go up(stairs), rise
• súbitamente, suddenly
• sublevar, to stir up, excite
• sustancia, substance, extract, broth
• suceder, to succeed; to happen, follow
• sucesión, succession (heirs)
• sucesivamente, successively
• sucesivo, -a, successive
• Suceso: Buen ——, name of a church;
  • buen suceso, good luck
• sudar, to sweat
• sudor, sweat, perspiration
• sueldo, pay, salary
• suelo, ground, floor
• sueño, sleep, dream;
  • tener ——, to be sleepy
• suerte, f., luck, fate (cf. Eng. ill-sorted)
• suficiente, sufficient, enough
• sufrido, -a, indulgent, patient
• sufrir, to suffer
• suicidarse, to commit suicide
• sujeción, subjection;
  • con —— a, in accordance with
• suma, sum
• sumamente, extremely, highly
• sumaria, case, lawsuit, documents of the lawsuit
• sumisión, submission
• sumo, -a, highest;
  • el Sumo Dios, the Most High
• superior, a. and s., superior, higher; superior
• superioridad, superiority, superior power
• súplica, supplication
• suplicar, to supplicate, beg, pray
• suponer, to suppose
• supremo, -a, supreme, last, most important
• supuesto, -a, supposed, assumed;
  • —— que, whereas, since;
  • por ——, of course
• susodicho, -a, aforesaid
• suspirar, to sigh
• suspiro, sigh
• sustento, sustenance, living
• susto, fright, terror
• suyo, -a, his, hers, its, theirs, yours;
  • el, la, lo ——, one's own
• T
• taciturno, -a, taciturn, given to silence
• Tadeo, Thaddeus
• taimado, -a, shrewd, crafty
• tal, such, such a, so that, the aforesaid;
  • —— o cual, this or that, some... or other
• talón, m. heel
• talle, m., form, shape, waist
• Tamayo y Baus, Spanish dramatist, Alarcón's friend to whom he dedicates the story
• también, also
• tambor, drum
• tampoco, neither, not... either
• tan, adv., so, as, as much
• tanto, adv., so much
• tanto, -a, so much, as much; pl., so many, as many; adv., so much;
  • en ——, en —— que, in the meanwhile;
  • entre ——, mientras ——, meanwhile;
  • por ——, therefore, for that reason;
  • ——... como, as... as
• tapa, lid, cover;
  • saltarse la —— de los sesos, to blow the top of one's head off
• tapar, to cover, conceal, stop, close
• tararear, to hum (sing ta and ra)
• tardar, to be long, late, or slow (en) in
• tarde, f., afternoon, evening
• tarde, adv., late, too late
• tardío, -a, tardy, late, slow, too late
• tarjeta, card
• tartamudear, to stammer
• tartera, tart pan, baking pan
• taza, cup, bowl
• te, thee, to thee
• teatro, theater
• techo, roof, ceiling
• teja, roof tile;
  • de —s abajo, on earth, in this world (cf. de tejas arriba, in the realm of the supernatural)
• telégrafo, telegraph
• temblar, to tremble
• temer, to fear
• temerario, -a, rash; rash man, rash woman
• temible, formidable
• tempestad, tempest, storm
• templar, to temper, season
• temple, m., temper, temperament
• temprano, -a, early
• tender, to extend, stretch out;
  • a moco tendido, till the nose runs
• tener, to have, hold, possess, take, ail;
  • —— que, to have to;
  • —— hambre, sueño, to be hungry, sleepy;
  • —— cuidado, to look out;
  • —— que ver con, to have to do with
• tenor, m., tenor;
  • al —— de, in accordance with, in keeping with
• tentación, temptation
• tentar, to feel, try
• tercer: see tercero, -a
• tercero, -a, third
• Teresa, Theresa, the widow, mother of Angustias
• terminación, termination
• terminante, definite
• terminar, to terminate, end
• término, end, term, place;
  • en último ——, in the last place
• terneza, tenderness; tender word
• terquedad, stubbornness, obstinacy
• terrible, terrible
• terror, terror, dread
• tertulia, evening party, gathering
• tertuliano, attendant (at a party), associate, companion, guest
• tesoro, treasure
• testar, to make a will
• testigo, m. or f., witness
• tibia, f., tibia (shin bone)
• tiempo, time;
  • a ——, at times; in time;
  • al poco —— de, in a little time;
  • de —— en ——, from time to time
• tierno, -a, tender
• tierra, earth, land, country
• tigre, m., tiger
• tila, lime (tree, blossom, or tea)
• tinaja, large earthen jar
• tipo, type
• tiranía, tyranny
• tirano, -a, tyrant
• tirar, to draw, draw out; to pull (trigger), shoot; to throw, cast aside;
  • —— de, to tug at; to pull on (e.g. a rope)
• tiro, shot;
  • pegar un ——, to shoot
• titular, to entitle
• título, title, claim
• tocar, to touch, concern;
  • ¿cuándo me toca? when is my turn?
• todavía, so far, yet, however
• todo, everything, the whole;
  • del ——, wholly, directly
• todo, entirely, thoroughly
• todo, -a, all, every, whole; pl., all, everybody
• Toledo, Toledo (former capital of the Moors)
• tolerante, tolerant
• tolerar, to tolerate
• ¡toma! here! come! the idea!
• tomar, to take
• Tomillares, the marquis in the story
• tono, tone
• tontería, foolishness, nonsense
• tonto, -a, a. and s., silly, crazy; fool
• tormento, torment, pain
• tornar, to return
• toro, bull
• torrente, m., torrent
• total, total
• trabajar, to work, toil; to take the trouble
• trabajo, labor, trouble
• trabajosamente, with labor, with trouble, with difficulty
• trabucazo, gunshot, gunshot wound
• trabuco, old-style gun, blunderbuss
• traer, to bear, bring in, produce
• tragar, to swallow
• trágico, -a, tragic(al)
• traidor, traitor, betrayer
• tranquilamente, calmly, tranquilly
• tranquilidad, tranquillity
• tranquilizarse, to become tranquil, calm
• tranquilo, -a, tranquil, calm
• transacción, transaction; compromise
• transcurrir, to pass by
• transigir, to compromise
• transitorio, -a, transitory, passing
• transportar, to transport, carry
• trapajo, rag
• trascender, to pass over, go beyond
• trasladar, to transfer;
  • —se, to be carried
• traslucir, to show through, appear
• Trastamara, king of Spain as Henry II (1333-1379)
• trastornar, to overturn, change about, turn around, confuse, confound
• tratar, to treat, deal with, associate with;
  • —se de, to be a question of
• trato, treatment, intercourse
• tregua, truce
• treinta, thirty
• tremendo, -a, tremendous, fearful
• trepado, -a, inclined, tilted
• tres, three
• tribulación, tribulation
• tributo, tribute
• tripulación, crew
• triste, sad
• tristeza, sadness
• tristísimo, -a, very sad
• tristura, old for tristeza
• tronar, to thunder
• tronera, m. or f., thoughtless, rash person, madcap
• tropa, troop, troops
• trotar, to trot
• trueno, thunder;
  • ¡—— de Dios! thunder and lightning! (as an oath)
• tú, thou, you
• tu, thy, your
• Tudescos, m. pl., Germans (usually called Alemanes)
• tumulto, tumult, disturbance, rioting
• turbulento, -a, turbulent
• turco, Turk
• tute (Ital. = todos), m., tute, game of cards in which all four kings win, or all four jacks; king and jack of trumps = 40;
  • —— arrastrado, long tute
• tutor, guardian
• tutoría, guardianship
• U
• último, -a, last;
  • por ——, finally
• un, una, a, an; one
• únicamente, only
• único, -a, only, sole, unique
• universal, universal
• uno, -a, one; pl., some
• uña, claw, nail
• urbanidad, urbanity, civility
• urgente, urgent, pressing
• urgir, to be urgent, urge
• usar, to use
• usted, you
• útil, useful
• V
• V., for usted, you
• vacilar, to hesitate
• vacío, -a, empty, vacant
• vagar, to wander
• Valdemoro, villa near Madrid
• valer, to be worth, avail;
  • no vale, it won't do;
  • —— más, to be better
• valerosimamente, most valorously
• valeroso, -a, valorous, courageous
• valiente, valiant; brave man
• valor, valor, courage, bravery
• valla, barrier, barricade
• vapor, vapor; pl., giddiness
• vario, -a, various; pl., several
• varonil, masculine
• Vd., for usted, you
• Vds., for ustedes (pl.), you
• vecino, -a, neighbor
• vehemencia, vehemence
• veinte, twenty
• veinticinco, twenty-five
• veinticuatro, twenty-four
• vejez, old age; pl., vejeces, infirmities (of age)
• velada, vigil, watch
• velar, to watch, sit up with
• velis nolis (Lat.), whether you will or will riot, willy-nilly
• velocidad, velocity, swiftness
• vencedor, -ora, a. and s., victorious; victor
• venda, bandage
• vendaje, m., bandage, binding
• vendar, to bind up, bandage
• vender, to vend, sell;
  • se vende, is for sale
• veneno, poison, venom
• veneración, veneration
• venganza, vengeance
• vengar, to avenge
• venir, to come;
  • —— a, to happen to
• ventana, window
• ventanillo, little window
• ventura, fortune, good luck, happiness;
  • por ——, perchance (cf. Eng. peradventure)
• ver, to see;
  • ¡a ——! let's see, show me;
  • ¡ya se ve! it is clear, it is plain;
  • tener que —— con, to have to do with
• verbal, verbal, oral
• verbi gratia (Lat.), for example
• verdad, truth;
  • a la ——, in fact;
  • de ——, in truth, really;
  • en ——, in truth
• verdaderamente, really
• verdadero, -a, true, real
• verde, green;
  • ponerse ——, to turn livid (with anger), change color
• verga, yardarm of a ship
• Vergara, a town;
  • convenio de ——, the treaty of Vergara (1839)
• vergonzoso, -a, shameful
• vergüenza, shame, modesty
• verter, to shed, pour out
• vestidura, dress, wearing apparel
• vestir[se], to dress;
  • —— de, to dress in
• vez, time, turn;
  • a la ——, at the same time;
  • de —— en cuando, from time to time;
  • en —— de, instead of;
  • otra ——, again;
  • tal ——, perhaps;
  • una ——, once on a time;
  • una —— y otra, different times;
  • cada —— más, more and more
• vía, way, street;
  • por —— de, by way of
• vibrante, vibrating
• vibrar, to vibrate
• vicio, vice
• victorioso, -a, victorious
• vida, life
• viejo, -a, a. and s., old; old man, old woman
• vigésimo, -a, twentieth
• vigilancia, vigilance
• villa, town, small town
• vinagre, vinegar
• Virgen, Virgin (Mary)
• virtual, virtual;
  • equal, amounting to
• virtud, virtue, courage
• visible, visible
• visita, visit, visit or, caller;
  • girar una ——, to do some visiting
• visitante, visitant
• visitar, to visit
• víspera, eve
• vista, sight, view, look; eye;
  • en —— de que, in view of (the fact) that
• visto, -a, seen, viewed;
  • está ——, it is plain;
  • por lo ——, evidently
• viuda, widow
• viudedad, widowhood, widow's rights, pension
• viudo, widower
• ¡viva! long live!
• vivamente, quickly
• vivienda, dwelling
• viviente, living
• vivir, to live;
  • —— de, to live on
• vivo, -a, alive, living, lively;
  • los —s, the living;
  • al ——, to the quick
• vocear, to cry out, shout, yell
• volar, to fly
• voluntad, will, willingness
• voluntario, -a, voluntary
• voluntarioso, -a, willful
• volver, to turn, return;
  • —— a hacer, to do again;
  • —se atrás, to turn back, back down
• voz, voice, word;
  • a media ——, in a low tone or half aloud;
  • a voces, aloud, in a loud voice, by calling
• vuestro, -a, your, yours
• Y
• y, and
• ya, already, now, indeed;
  • —— ... ——, whether... or;
  • —— que, since;
  • —— que no, even if not;
  • —— no, no ——, no longer;
  • ——... ——, now... now;
  • si —— no, unless
• yerto, -a, erect, stiff, rigid
• yo, I
• yugo, yoke
• Z
• zalamería, flattery
• Zaragoza, Saragossa (the town)
• zarandillo, winnowing fan (kept in motion), sieve;
  • y lo lleva y lo trae como a un ——, keeps him on the go
• zascandil, swindler, fraud
• zorro, fox
• zozobra, uneasiness, anxiety, suspense