§ 42.
The plan of Haughmond and Lilleshall,
in which the presbytery walls remained unpierced,
while they were flanked with aisle-like chapels, is
found in some Premonstratensian churches, as at
Dale. At West Langdon the chapels were continued
the whole length of the presbytery. Usually, however,
they stopped short of the east end. The
aisleless projection thus formed might contain, as
at Alnwick, the high altar. But at St Radegund's
near Dover, the eastern bay was the Lady chapel,
and between it and the high altar was a space for
processions, entered by doorways in the walls which
divided it from the aisles and in the screen on either
side of the high altar. In many Augustinian churches
a further development of this plan is found, in which
the chapels are real aisles, divided by arcades from
the presbytery, as at Cartmel and Lanercost, and the
eastern arm is so lengthened as to include the quire
or a portion of it. At St Frideswide's, Oxford (now
Christ Church cathedral), Repton and Dorchester,
where the plans are somewhat complicated by the
addition of one or more extra chapels on one side,
the high altar was, as at Cartmel and Lanercost, in
the eastern bay, and the procession in going from
one aisle to another had to pass in front of it. The
aisled portion, however, was sometimes planned, as
at Bristol, to include the quire and presbytery and a
bay for the processional path behind the high altar:
this was also the plan of the church of secular
canons at Southwell. The eastern limb of Christchurch,
Hants, is similar in plan to that of Bristol;
but here the high roof stopped above the altar, and
the roofs of the processional path and Lady chapel,
as at Winchester, are on a level with those of the
aisles, while above them is an upper story or loft,
formerly the chapel of St Michael. The ground-plan
of the Cluniac church of Castle Acre was enlarged
on the lines followed at Cartmel and Lanercost:
that of Wenlock approximated to those followed at
Bristol and Christchurch. Variations of these types
of plan are seen in the thirteenth-century enlargements
of the Benedictine churches of Rochester and
Worcester, in which the quires were placed in the
eastern arm. Both churches have eastern transepts,
and in both cases the high vault was continued to
the end of an aisleless eastern projection, in which
the high altar stood at Rochester with a clear space
behind it. At Worcester the aisleless bay was the
Lady chapel, and the high altar stood west of the
processional path.
