LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Several of the illustrations are printed from blocks for which I am indebted to learned societies or to individuals. The sources from which clichés were obtained are mentioned within square brackets. The names of donors of photographs or drawings are added after the descriptions of the figures.
Frontispiece. Charles René Zeiller. From a photograph given to me by Madame Zeiller.
| FIG. | PAGE | |
|---|---|---|
| 377. | Cycas circinalis. A. Malins Smith | 2 |
| 378. | Cycas revoluta. [G. R. Wieland.] | 3 |
| 379. | Encephalartos horridus | 3 |
| 380. | Cycas circinalis. [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 4 |
| 381. | Cycas revoluta and Zamia Loddigesii | 5 |
| 382. | Encephalartos Ghellinckii. [Camb. Phil. Soc.] | 11 |
| 383. | Cycas siamensis. [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 12 |
| 384. | Cycas circinalis | 13 |
| 385. | Cycas Micholitzii and Zamia angustifolia | 14 |
| 386. | Encephalartos Altensteinii; Dioon edule. S. M. Wadham. | 15 |
| 387. | Cycadean Fronds | 16 |
| 388. | Zamia Wallisii | 17 |
| 389. | Zamia integrifolia. [Camb. Univ. Press.] | 18 |
| 390. | Zamia Loddigesii | 18 |
| 391. | Bowenia spectabilis. [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 20 |
| 392. | Cycas pectinata, C. Riuminiana, C. angulata, Encephalartos, and Stangeria | 21 |
| 393. | Stangeria, Encephalartos, and Ceratozamia | 22 |
| 394. | Macrozamia Preissii. [Camb. Univ. Press.] | 23 |
| 395. | Zamia floridana. [G. R. Wieland.] | 24 |
| 396. | Dioon edule, Cycas circinalis, etc., Encephalartos, Bowenia, Macrozamia, Microcycas | 26 |
| 397. | Stangeria paradoxa. [New Phytologist; A. G. Tansley.] | 29 |
| 398. | Macrozamia | 29 |
| 399. | Cycadean foliar bundles | 31 |
| 400. | Cycas Micholitzii. [Camb. Phil. Soc.] | 33 |
| 401. | Lyginodendron Landsburgii. R. Kidston | 37 |
| 402. | Lyginopteris oldhamia. [Camb. Phil Soc.] | 39 |
| 403–405. | Lyginopteris oldhamia | 41, 44, 48 |
| 406. | Lyginopteris oldhamia. F. W. Oliver | 49 |
| 407. | Crossotheca Hoeninghausi. R. Kidston and other sources | 53 |
| 408. | Lagenospermum Sinclairi; Lagenostoma; Calymmatotheca Stangeri; Crossotheca Hoeninghausi | 57 |
| 409. | Lagenostoma | 58 |
| 410. | Lyginopteris oldhamia | 69 |
| 411, 412. | Heterangium Grievii | 73, 76 |
| 413. | Sphenopteris elegans | 78 |
| 414. | Sphaerostoma ovale | 79 |
| 415. | Heterangium Grievii; H. tiliaeoides; Lyginopteris root | 82 |
| 416. | Medullosa (stem-anatomy) | 92 |
| 417. | Medullosa centrofilis | 96 |
| 418. | Myeloxylon radiatum; Medullosa stellata; M. Leuckarti | 103 |
| 419. | Medullosa Leuckarti | 104 |
| 420. | Myeloxylon radiatum; Medullosa anglica, and Medullosa sp. | 107 |
| 421. | Potoniea adiantiformis; Linopteris obliqua; Neuropteris heterophylla | 111 |
| 422. | Neuropterocarpus Kidstoni. [Edinburgh Royal Society.] | 114 |
| 423–426. | Trigonocarpus Parkinsoni | 118, 120, 121 |
| 427. | Codonotheca caduca. [New Phytologist.] | 125 |
| 428. | Whittleseya elegans; W. brevifolia | 128 |
| 429. | Whittleseya elegans | 130 |
| 430–432. | Dolerophyllum Goepperti | 133, 134, 137 |
| 433. | Ottokaria bengalensis. [Indian Geol. Survey.] | 140 |
| 434. | Strobilites Milleryensis | 141 |
| 435, 436. | Colpoxylon aeduense | 143 |
| 437, 438. | Rhexoxylon africanum | 146, 148 |
| 439, 440. | Sutcliffia insignis | 150, 151 |
| 441. | Steloxylon Ludwigii | 163 |
| 442. | Pecopteris Pluckeneti | 167 |
| 443. | Eremopteris artemisaefolia; Samaropsis acuta | 170 |
| 444. | Samaropsis acuta. R. Kidston | 171 |
| 445. | Wardia fertilis | 172 |
| 446–448. | Megaloxylon Scotti. [Camb. Phil. Soc.] | 176–178 |
| 449, 450. | Rhetinangium Arberi. W. T. Gordon | 182 |
| 451. | Stenomyelon tuedianum | 183 |
| 452. | Stenomyelon tuedianum. R. Kidston | 185 |
| 453. | Ptychoxylon Levyi; Cycadoxylon Fremyi; C. robustum | 188 |
| 454, 455. | Calamopitys Saturni. M. Zalessky | 191, 192 |
| 456. | Kalymma grandis | 195 |
| 457. | Eristophyton fasciculare | 197 |
| 458. | Eristophyton Beinertianum. M. Zalessky | 199 |
| 459. | Cladoxylon mirabile; C. dubium; C. taeniatum; Syncardia pusilla | 202 |
| 460. | Cladoxylon Kidstoni; C. mirabile | 206 |
| 461. | Völkelia refracta | 209 |
| 462. | Protopitys Buchiana | 211 |
| 463. | Poroxylon Edwardsii. C. E. Bertrand and F. W. Oliver | 216 |
| 464. | Poroxylon Edwardsii; P. Boysseti. C. E. Bertrand | 218 |
| 465. | Cordaites leaf. (C. Felicis.) R. Kidston | 228 |
| 466. | Cordaites principalis; Artisia transversa. R. Kidston | 231 |
| 467. | Cordaites lingulatus | 234 |
| 468. | Cordaites (Rhizo-Cordaites); Cordaites circularis; Cordaites sp. cf. C. Lacoei; C. crassifolius | 237 |
| 469. | Cordaites aequalis; C. Clerci. M. Zalessky | 239 |
| 470. | Cordaites (Noeggerathiopsis) Hislopi. G. R. Wieland. | 241 |
| 471. | Cordaites (Noeggerathiopsis) Hislopi. [Geological Society.] | 241 |
| 472. | Cordaites (Noeggerathiopsis) Hislopi. [Geol. Surv. India.] | 242 |
| 473. | Cordaites stem | 246 |
| 474, 475. | Dadoxylon materiarum | 257 |
| 476. | Dadoxylon Pedroi | 259 |
| 477. | Cordaites root | 262 |
| 478. | Cordaites? root. T. N. Leslie | 263 |
| 479. | Cordaianthus. F. E. Weiss | 265 |
| 480. | Cordaianthus Pitcairniae; C. Volkmanni | 266 |
| 481. | Cordaianthus Grand’Euryi; C. Williamsoni; C. Zeilleri. C. E. Bertrand | 268 |
| 482. | Cordaianthus microsporangia | 270 |
| 483. | Mesoxylon Sutcliffii | 272 |
| 484. | Pelourdea vogesiaca. [Geologists’ Assoc.] | 279 |
| 485. | Titanophyllum Grand’Euryi | 284 |
| 486, 487. | Pitys antiqua | 286, 287 |
| 488. | Pitys primaeva | 288 |
| 489. | Callixylon Trifilievi. M. Zalessky | 292 |
| 490. | Mesopitys Tchihatcheffi | 296 |
| 491. | Antarcticoxylon Priestleyi | 298 |
| 492. | Diagram of a synthetic type of seed | 303 |
| 493. | Lagenostoma ovoides; L. Lomaxi; Physostoma elegans; Telangium Scotti; Stephanospermum akenioides | 311 |
| 494. | Stephanospermum akenioides; Conostoma oblonga; Gnetopsis elliptica; Physostoma elegans; Mitrospermum compressum | 314 |
| 495. | Polypterospermum Renaultii; Ptychotesta tenuis; Polylophospermum stephanense; Hexapterospermum stenopterum; Diplotesta avellana; D. Grand’Euryana; Taxospermum Grüneri | 322 |
| 496. | Pachytesta incrassata; Polypterocarpus anglicus | 324 |
| 497. | Pachytesta | 325 |
| 498. | Codonospermum olivaeforme; Aetheotesta elliptica | 330 |
| 499. | Samaropsis emarginata | 337 |
| 500. | Cardiocarpus drupaceus var. expansus | 339 |
| 501. | Cardiocarpus sclerotesta; Rhabdocarpus cyclocaryon | 340 |
| 502. | Samaropsis fluitans; S. emarginata; S. bicaudata; S. Seixasi; S. barcellosa; S. Newberryi; Cordaicarpus Cordai | 350 |
| 503. | Samaropsis Leslii | 352 |
| 504. | Samaropsis Milleri. [Geol. Surv. India.] | 353 |
| 505. | Cordaicarpus Cordai | 355 |
| 506. | Holcospermum sulcatum; Codonospermum anomalum; Diplopterotesta spitzbergensis; Gnetopsis elliptica; Thysanotesta sagittula; Rhynchogonium costatum; Boroviczia Karpinskii; Hexagonocarpus Noeggerathi; Rhabdospermum tunicatum | 359 |
| 507. | Cycadeoidea marylandica. [G. R. Wieland.] | 373 |
| 508, 509. | Cycadeoidea Wielandi [G. R. Wieland.] | 375, 376 |
| 510. | Cycadeoidea sp. | 377 |
| 511. | Cycadeoidea Gibsoniana | 377 |
| 512. | Cycadeoidea ingens. [G. R. Wieland.] | 378 |
| 513–515. | Cycadeoidea. [G. R. Wieland.] | 380–383 |
| 516. | Cycadeoidea Dartoni | 384 |
| 517–523. | Cycadeoidea Gibsoniana | 387–394 |
| 524–527. | Cycadeoidea (Bennettites) Morierei. [O. Lignier.] | 397–402 |
| 528–532. | Cycadeoidea dacotensis. [G. R. Wieland.] | 404–408 |
| 533. | Cycadeoidea colossalis. [G. R. Wieland.] | 410 |
| 534. | Cycadeoidea Reichenbachiana. [A. Rothpletz.] | 411 |
| 535–537. | Cycadeoidea gigantea. [Geological Soc.] | 413, 414 |
| 538. | Cycadeoidea micromyela | 415 |
| 539. | Cycadeoidea Jenneyana (?) [G. R. Wieland.] | 416 |
| 540. | Vectia luccombensis. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 419 |
| 541–543. | Williamsonia gigas | 424–427 |
| 544. | Williamsonia gigas. [Yorkshire Nat. Union.] | 428 |
| 545. | Williamsonia gigas. A. G. Nathorst. | 429 |
| 546, 547. | Williamsonia gigas | 430, 431 |
| 548. | Williamsonia gigas. O. Lignier. | 432 |
| 549, 550. | Williamsonia gigas. [Cambridge Phil. Soc.] | 435, 436 |
| 551. | Williamsonia spectabilis. A. G. Nathorst. | 437 |
| 552. | Williamsonia spectabilis. [Geological Soc.] | 438 |
| 553, 554. | Williamsonia Leckenbyi. A. G. Nathorst. | 439, 440 |
| 555, 556. | Williamsonia whitbiensis. A. G. Nathorst. | 441 |
| 557. | Williamsonia sp. [Indian Geol. Survey.] | 444 |
| 558. | Williamsonia Blandfordi. [Indian Geol. Survey.] | 446 |
| 559. | Williamsonia Carruthersi | 447 |
| 560. | Williamsonia Bucklandi | 449 |
| 561. | Williamsonia scotica | 450 |
| 562–564. | Williamsonia scotica. [Royal Society.] | 451–453 |
| 565. | Williamsonia spectabilis; W. whitbiensis; W. mexicana | 459 |
| 566, 567. | Wielandiella angustifolia | 463, 464 |
| 568. | Wielandiella angustifolia. A. G. Nathorst. | 466 |
| 569–573. | Williamsoniella coronata. [Royal Society.] | 468–471 |
| 574. | Cycadocephalus Sewardi. A. G. Nathorst. | 474 |
| 575. | Bucklandia anomala | 482 |
| 576. | Bucklandia Milleriana | 484 |
| 577. | Bucklandia Yatesii | 485 |
| 578. | Bucklandia buzzardensis. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 486 |
| 579. | Bucklandia indica. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 488 |
| 580, 581. | Colymbetes Edwardsi [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 492, 493 |
| 582, 583. | Cycadolepis sp. | 495 |
| 584, 585. | Carpolithus conicus [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 498 |
| 586. | Beania gracilis. [W. G. Carruthers.] | 502 |
| 587. | Ptilophyllum pecten. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 513 |
| 588, 589. | Ptilophyllum pecten [Geological Surv. India.] | 514, 516 |
| 590. | Ptilophyllum pecten and Williamsonia Blandfordi [Geological Surv. India.] | 517 |
| 591. | Ptilophyllum cutchense. [Geological Society.] | 518 |
| 592. | Ptilophyllum pecten | 519 |
| 593. | Ptilophyllum pecten. [Geological Society.] | 519 |
| 594. | Ptilophyllum pecten | 520 |
| 595. | Ptilophyllum pecten | 523 |
| 596. | Ptilophyllum pecten. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 523 |
| 597. | Ptilophyllum boreale. A. G. Nathorst. | 526 |
| 598. | Ptilophyllum antarcticum; P. Anderssoni | 527 |
| 599. | Zamites gigas. [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 533 |
| 600. | Zamites recta | 534 |
| 601. | Zamites Buchianus; Z. Carruthersi; Z. Zitteli | 535 |
| 602. | Zamites Buchianus | 536 |
| 603. | Otozamites Goeppertianus; O. Bechei | 538 |
| 604. | Otozamites Bechei | 539 |
| 605. | Otozamites Bechei | 541 |
| 606. | Otozamites Beani; O. Bunburyanus [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 542 |
| 607. | Otozamites bengalensis. [Geological Surv. India.] | 542 |
| 608. | Otozamites Kliptsteini. [Geological Society.] | 545 |
| 609. | Dictyozamites Hawelli | 548 |
| 610. | Pterophyllum Jaegeri | 549 |
| 611. | Pterophyllum Nilssoni; Nilssonia mediana | 551 |
| 612. | Pterophyllum Fayoli | 552 |
| 613. | Pterophyllum Braunianum | 554 |
| 614. | Pterophyllum Nathorsti; Nilssonia tenuicaulis [Royal Society of Scotland.] | 556 |
| 615. | Pterophyllum Nilssoni [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 557 |
| 616. | Pterophyllum Lyellianum [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 557 |
| 617. | Pseudocycas insignis | 562 |
| 618. | Pseudocycas Saportae. [Encyclopaedia Britannica.] | 564 |
| 619. | Nilssonia pterophylloides; N. brevis; N. polymorpha | 567 |
| 620. | Nilssonia brevis; N. saighensis | 570 |
| 621. | Nilssonia rajmahalensis. [Geological Surv. India.] | 571 |
| 622. | Nilssonia compta. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 574 |
| 623. | Nilssonia princeps. [Geological Surv. India.] | 577 |
| 624, 625. | Ctenis sp. [Manchester Phil. Lit. Society.] | 579 |
| 626. | Ctenis sulcicaulis | 583 |
| 627. | Pseudoctenis eathiensis [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 584 |
| 628. | Sphenozamites Rochei | 588 |
| 629. | Sphenozamites Belli. [Trustees of the British Museum.] | 588 |