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France and England in North America, Part VI : Montcalm and Wolfe cover

France and England in North America, Part VI : Montcalm and Wolfe

Chapter 63: E.
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The narrative traces the contest between France and England for control of North America through campaigns, diplomacy, and colonial politics, focusing on the military leaders and pivotal operations that shaped the conflict. It examines rival colonial systems, frontier clashes in the Ohio and Great Lakes regions, the struggle over Acadia and its civilians, and major expeditions such as those led by Braddock and the opposing French commanders. Drawing on extensive archival research and on-site observation, the account interweaves strategic analyses, personal correspondence, and descriptions of provincial society. It also shows indigenous alliances, fluctuating provincial loyalties, and the shifting course of war that produced decisive engagements and lasting consequences for the continent.


D.

Daine, Mayor of Quebec, II. 311.
Dalling, Major, sent to occupy Port Espagnol, II. 78; Canadians taken prisoners, II. 225, 226; encounter with Canadians and Indians, II. 336; his light infantry, II. 347.
Dalquier, Lieutentant-Colonel, II. 303; his leadership and bravery, II. 348.
Dalzell, Captain, skirmish in the woods, II. 122; his death, II. 122.
Daniel, II. 149.
Danvers, II. 116.
Darby, Major, II. 368.
Daudin, priest of Pisiquid, I. 244.
Daun, the Austrian general, II. 387; his victory, II. 387.
"Dauphin," escape of the, I. 185, 186.
Dauphin's Bastion, the, II. 55; approach of Wolfe, II. 66; condition of the besieged, II. 69; the white flag, II. 71; to be opened to British troops, II. 74, 75.
Dauphin's Battery, the, II. 208.
Davison, a trader, I. 133.
De Cosne, I. 184.
Defiance, Mount, II. 102-104.
Déjean, I. 361.
Delancey, Lieutenant-Governor of New York, I. 316, 328, 440; asked to aid in repelling the French on the Ohio, I. 141; council of governors held with Braddock, I. 191-195; questions at issue in New York, I. 350; the cabal against Shirley, I. 328, 383; orders to fire upon deserters, II. 3.
Delancey, Oliver, soldiers sent to lodge with, I. 440.
Delaware, George, Indian chief, I. 145.
Delaware, colony of, I. 33.
Delaware River, the, I. 40, 45.
Delawares, the, I. 46, 57, 60, 130; attitude towards the English, I. 59; efforts of the English to obtain allies from, I. 150; instigated to fight against the English, I. 203, 329, 343, 344; at Fort Duquesne, I. 154; council held with Johnson, I. 391, 392; attack and reduction of Kittanning, I. 423-427; convention of Indians, II. 142, 143; wavering allies, II. 143; declare themselves allies of the English, II. 147, 148, 150.
Delouche commands the fireships, II. 210, 211.
De Monts, commission of, I. 123 note.
Denmark, I. 10.
Denny, Governor, I. 426 note.
De Noyan, commandant at Fort Frontenac, II. 128.
Desandrouin, French engineer, II. 100-102.
Desauniers, Demoiselles, I. 64.
Deschambault, II. 8, 263, 341, 361.
Deschamps, Chief Justice, diary found in his house, II. 82 note.
Deschenaux, official corruption, II. 30.
Descombles, French engineer, I. 408; reconnoitres the fort at Oswego, I. 409; shot by an Indian, I. 409.
Desgouttes withdraws the "Aréthuse," II. 65; considerations in regard to capitulation, II. 71-73; correspondence with Drucour, II. 81 note.
Des Habitants River, the, I. 268; reconnoissance of, I. 272.
Desherbiers, commandant at Louisbourg, I. 101; instructions in regard to the Acadians, I. 101, 102; his treachery, I. 102, 103; medals sent to, I. 102.
Désirade Island, restored by England, II. 405.
Desméloizes, Mademoiselle, wife of M. Péan, II. 28.
Des Moines, I. 486.
De Soto, I. 24.
Detroit, I. 82, 209, 219, 485, II. 122, 142, 244; importance of the post, I. 75, 76, 80; population of, I. 76, 77 note; Céloron visits, with a royal commission, I. 76, 77; plan of, I. 76 note; efforts to build up, by the French, I. 77; small-pox at, I. 83; the English to be attacked, I. 84; danger to Fort Duquesne, II. 160; the coureurs-de-bois, II. 178; retreat to, of the French forces, II. 247; injured by the loss of Niagara, II. 248, 249.
Dettingen, I. 19, II. 185, 391.
Devonshire, Duke of, II. 41.
Diamond, Cape, II. 208, 209, 212, 355.
"Diana," the, II. 356.
Diderot, I. 16, 288, 309 note; meeting with Dieskau, 308 note, 309 note, 311.
Dieskau, Baron, I. 285, 373, 376; made general in Canada, I. 182; letter of, quoted, I. 182, 183; his forces, I. 288, 296, 368; a letter of Braddock found, I. 288, 289; plans of, in regard to the French campaign, I. 288, 289; prepares an ambush for Johnson, I. 296, 300, 302, 303; advances through the forest, I. 297-299; news of the approach of the English, I. 300; success of the action against Whiting and Williams, I. 303; the battle of Lake George, I. 304-317; badly wounded, I. 307, 308, 311; carried to the English camp, and kindly cared for, I. 308, 309; his defeat, I. 308, 498, II. 88; his remarks concerning his surrender, and Johnson's soldiers, I. 308, 308 note, 310, 311; his interview with Diderot, I. 308 note, 309 note, 311; his life threatened by the Mohawks, I. 309, 310; his life saved by Johnson, I. 309; carried to Fort Lyman, I. 310; his service under Saxe, I. 310; his death, I. 311; his Indians tomahawk the Englishmen, I. 312; succeeded by Montcalm, I. 356; his salary, I. 361.
Diet at Presburg, I. 19.
Dinwiddie, Robert, Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia, I. 42, 136, 137; letter to Hamilton quoted, I. 42 note; desirability of an Indian alliance, I. 59; difficulties of boundary, I. 61; letter from, to Saint-Pierre, introducing George Washington, I. 132, 134, 135; tries to repel the French aggression in the West, I. 132, 137, 139, 142, 176, 193; answer sent to, from Saint-Pierre, I. 135; report of Washington made to, I. 136; orders received from the King, I. 137, 138; his dependence on the Assembly of Virginia, I. 137, 138, 163; Virginia refuses to pay certain fees, I. 138; sends Washington with a party to resist the French at Fort Duquesne, I. 138-161; orders sent to Indian tribes on the Ohio, I. 139; seeks aid from other colonies, I. 139; letter to Lord Fairfax, I. 139; a fort to be built on the Ohio, I. 139; letters to Hanbury quoted, I. 140, 141, 144, 144 note; invites the Indians to meet him at Winchester, I. 141; the governor's palace, I. 142, 163; seeks to raise regiments, I. 142, 143; plans of the English blighted, I. 143, 144; good news from Washington, I. 145; letters from Druillon, I. 149; the defeat of Washington, I. 162; letter to a London correspondent quoted, I. 163; speech to the Assembly of Virginia, 164, 165; exasperated at the French, I. 170, 171; letter to Lord Granville quoted, I. 176; correspondence with Glen, I. 176, 177; desired aid from the home government, I. 177; taxes recommended, I. 177; his opinion of Braddock, I. 187, 188; accompanies Braddock to Alexandria, I. 191; council of governors held with Braddock, I. 191-195; defends taxation by Parliament, I. 193; praises of the New England colonies, I. 197; supplies for the army scarce, I. 197, 198; greatly disturbed at the losses of the English, I. 228-235; correspondence with Orme quoted, I. 229-233; correspondence with Washington, I. 229, 231; letter to Lord Halifax, I. 229; sends Major Colin Campbell for news, I. 229, 231; letter to Dunbar quoted, I. 231, 232; desires to renew offensive operations, I. 232, 233; his fears realized, I. 233; his view of Dunbar's conduct justified, I. 233 note; his plans of war, I. 332; relations with Washington, II. 131, 132; removed from office, II. 132; matters pertaining to the "assassination" of Jumonville, II. 421-423.
Dobbs, Governor of North Carolina, I. 187; council of governors held with Braddock, I. 191-195.
Dobson, Captain, I. 229.
Dog tribe, the, I. 68.
Dominica taken by England, II. 400; to belong to England, II. 405.
Doreil, commissary of war, embarks with Dieskau, I. 182; letter from Montcalm to, II. 111, 112; letter to the minister of war, II. 162, 163; letter concerning the state of Canada, II. 171, 172; double-dealing of Vaudreuil, II. 173; appeal made to France, II. 173-175; matters pertaining to Ticonderoga, II. 431-436.
Douville, orders concerning prisoners, I. 330 note; killed, I. 423.
Dover, II. 403.
Dresden taken from Frederic, II. 388.
Drowned Lands, the, I. 298, 302.
Drucour, Governor at Louisbourg, II. 56; the siege and reduction of Louisbourg, II. 56-81, 81 note; statistics of troops, II. 59 note; his effort to protect the harbor of Louisbourg, II. 64; courtesies between the commanders, II. 64, 65; his lodgings in flames, II. 67; Amherst promises to spare the sick, II. 70 note; terms of capitulation extended to, II. 71-74; signs the capitulation, II. 75.
Drucour, Madame, her heroism, II. 65.
Druillon, letters sent to Dinwiddie, I. 149.
"Dublin," the ship, Amherst embarks in her, II. 51.
Dublin, I. 419 note, II. 190.
Dubrowski, II. 37 note.
Du Cayla, II. 427.
Duchat, Captain, his description of Canadian life, I. 379, 380.
Duchesnaye, II. 20.
Dufferin, Lord, II. 37 note.
Dumas has charge of the youth of Montcalm, I. 356; letter of, concerning Montcalm's education, I. 357, 358.
Dumas, Captain, I. 208, II. 361; at Fort Duquesne, I. 208; encounter with Braddock, I. 215-227; returns to Fort Duquesne, I. 220, 221; the border warfare encouraged by, I. 329, 330; quoted concerning his influence over the Indians, I. 329, 330; succeeds Contrcœur at Fort Duquesne, I. 329, 426; efforts of the French to prevent the torture of prisoners, I. 330; commands the party to attack the English at Point Levi, II. 215; his failure to dislodge the English, II. 219; holds Cap-Rouge, II. 228; to prevent Murray moving up the St. Lawrence, II. 361; advances upon Montreal, II. 364, 365; matters relating to a pension for, II. 423, 424; receives the cross of the Order of St. Louis, II. 426.
Dumont, II. 347, 348.
Dunbar, Colonel Thomas, his troops, I. 200, 220 note, II. 256; to take command of the rear division of Braddock's expedition, I. 206; reinforcements for Braddock, I. 223, 224; arrival at his camp, of a portion of Braddock's army, I. 224, 225; his course of action blamed by the colonies, I. 225; encamped at Great Meadows, I. 226; retreat of, I. 226, 329; arrival of his train at Fort Cumberland, I. 227; letter to, from Dinwiddie, quoted, I. 231, 232; exhorted to retrieve the English losses, I. 231, 232; his conduct wanting in courage, and condemned by Dinwiddie, I. 231-233, 233 note; instructions from his superior officers neglected, I. 233.
"Dunkirk," the, chases the French vessels, I. 185, 186.
Dunkirk, II. 395; fortress of, II. 395; the fortress to be destroyed, II. 405, 406.
"Dunkirk of America," the, II. 52.
Duquesne, Marquis, Governor of Canada, I. 41 note, 239; his opinion of Piquet, I. 67 note; his character and personal appearance, I. 85, 86; prepares to secure the upper part of the Ohio Valley, I. 86, 87; influenced by unworthy motives, I. 88; landing of his force at Presquisle, I. 128; instructions to Marin, I. 129; a fort to be built on French Creek, I. 130; plans of the expedition thwarted, I. 130, 131; return of a part of the expedition to Montreal, I. 131; letters of, compared with other writings, I. 131 note; Contrecœur succeeds Saint-Pierre, I. 143, 144; succeeded by De Vaudreuil, I. 182, 288; orders sent to, from France, I. 183, 184; letter to Le Loutre concerning Acadia, I. 239; relations with Le Loutre, I. 239, 242; his harsh treatment of the Acadians, I. 244, 245; resigns his government, I. 288; his discipline over troops, I. 369.
Duquesne, Fort, I. 147, 325, II. 131; built by the French, I. 143, 144, 337 note; expedition of Jumonville, I. 148; reinforcements sent to, I. 152, 153; French force at, I. 159, 206; exultant return of Villiers to, I. 161; Braddock to lead the expedition against, I. 194, 196; parties sent out to interrupt General Braddock's march, I. 205, 206; Braddock's expedition against, I. 206-209, 214-233, II. 423-426; situation and appearance of, I. 207, 208; command held by Contrecœur, I. 208; number of Indians and Canadians at, I. 208, 209; Indians and French depart from, to fight with Braddock's expedition, I. 210-213, II. 423-426; return of the French troops, I. 221; desire to attack a second time, I. 233; Dumas succeeds Contrecœur in command, I. 329; plan of capture, I. 381; the attack abandoned, I. 382; report of the affair of Kittanning, I. 426, 427; the war-policy of Pitt, II. 48, 131, 132; importance of position, II. 48; expedition against, fitted out by the English, II. 49, 129; approached by General Forbes's army, II. 130-134, 138, 140, 141; M. de Ligneris, commandant of, II. 141; French reinforcements sent to, II. 141, 142; Indians near, sought as allies by English and French, II. 142, 143; the missions of Frederic Post, II. 144-151; Post invited to go thither, II. 145; Grant's expedition, II. 151-155; statistics concerning the daily rations, II. 152 note; desperate condition of the French, II. 155, 156; evacuated by the French, II. 158, 159; garrison left by the English under Lieutenant-Colonel Mercer, II. 160; effect of the English victory, II. 162, 235; letter from Montcalm referring to matters there, II. 168, 169.
Durell, Admiral, II. 192, 198; at Isle-aux-Coudres, II. 203; arrival of his fleet in the St. Lawrence, II. 203-206; ruse to obtain a pilot, II. 204.
Dürer, I. 433.
Durham Terrace, II. 355.
Dury, interview with Braddock, I. 190.
Dussieux, I. 514 note.
Dutch, the, I. 287; in Pennsylvania, I. 31; trading interests at Albany, I. 32, 33, 65, 193, 195, 319, 320, 327; alienate the Mohawks, I. 171; their language, I. 221; at Schenectady, I. 321; hostile to Johnson, I. 328.
Dutch Reformed Church, the, I. 32.
Duvivier to accept the terms of capitulation for Louisbourg, II. 73, 74.


E.