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Geiriadur Cymraeg a Saesneg Byr

Chapter 24: R.
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About This Book

A concise Welsh–English dictionary compiled to aid readers of medieval Welsh literature, concentrating on words current around the time of the 1588 Bible translation. The editor explains sources and methods, drawing on earlier lexicons and scholarly aids to correct, condense, and supplement previous translations. The volume opens with the Welsh alphabet and lists of personal and place names, then presents alphabetized headwords with English equivalents, variant forms, derivations, and brief usage notes. Entries include geographic and proper-name forms as well as common vocabulary, offering a practical reference for understanding historical Welsh texts.

Pencnaw, pencno, the joints of the bones, where they are joined together with sinews.

Pencnud, the leader of wolves.

Pencyfeistedd, the chief seat.

Pencynydd, chief huntsman.

Penchwiban, light-headed, giddy.

Pendefig, a prince, primate, nobleman; pendefigaeth, peerage.

Pendodi, to add, or join to.

Pendoll, pendyllog, having a head full of holes.

Pendramwnwgl, headlong.

Pendro, giddiness, or dizziness in the heads of beasts, which cause them to whirl, roll, and turn round; penddar, penddaredd, a disease, which causes a swimming of the head, with a kind of mistiness, or sparkling of the eyes.

Pendduyn, a boil, or botch.

Penel, a banner, a standard; a prince.

Penelin, an elbow.

Penfar, pennor, penwer, a little gate, a postern; a muzzle.

Penfeddw, giddy; penfeddwi, to grow giddy; penfeddwdod, a giddiness.

Penffestr, a head-stall, a collar.

Penffestin, a helmet, or head-piece; penffestiniawg, that weareth a helmet.

Penffrwyn, an ornament for a horse’s head, a head-stall.

Penglog, a skull.

Pengrych, curly headed.

Penguwch, a topknot, periwig.

Penhwyad, a pike.

Penial, subtle, precious.

Penigamp, excellent, skilful.

Penioel, bara penioel, bara tylwyth, household bread.

Penloyn, a titmouse.

Penllad, the chiefest good.

Penlliain, headcloth, canopy.

Penllinin, a tail.

Penllwyd, grey headed; penllwydni, whiteness of hair.

Pennâig, chieftain.

Pennawr, pennor, helmet.

Pennill, a panel of glass, a stave of a song.

Pennod, a chapter, a certain mark made in the end of anything; penodi, to appoint, to mark the end of anything.

Pennor, penfar, penwar, a headstall, a muzzle.

Pennyg, fat tripes, or chitterlings.

Penrhaith, supreme judge.

Penrhe, penrhwym, a fillet.

Penrhyn, a promontory.

Pentan, the chimney-corner, the back of the fire.

Penteulu, the chief, or head of a family, a steward.

Pentref, a village.

Pentwr, a heap; pentyrru, to heap.

Penty, a pent-house.

Penwag, a herring.

Penwisg, a head-dress.

Penwn, a banner, ensign, flag.

Penyd, penance, a punishment.

Pepreth, pepru, to babble or chat.

Pêr, peraidd, sweet or mellow; pereiddio, to sweeten.

Perced, a kind of net for fishing.

Perchen, perchennog, the possessor, owner; perchenogi, to possess, own; perchenogaeth, possession.

Pererin, a pilgrim; pererinbren, pine-tree; pererindod, pilgrimage.

Perfedd, entrails; y berfeddwlad, the middle country.

Perffaith, perffeithio, to perfect.

Perging, defence, screen.

Peri, to make, bidding.

Periglor, a parish priest, curate.

Perigl, peril, danger; peryglu, to endanger; peryglus, dangerous.

Perlewig, a pleasant ecstasy.

Perllan, an orchard.

Person, a parson; persondod, personoliaeth, a rectory, benefice, personality.

Pert, dapper, delicate, fine, brisk.

Perth, a bush.

Perthynu, to belong, or appertain to; perthynas, relations, appurtenance; perthynol, pertaining.

Perwyl, a resolution, purpose.

Peryddon, the Dee.

Peryf, king, sovereign.

Pes, os, if.

Pesawl, how many.

Pesgi, to feed, to make fat.

Peswch, a cough; pesychu, to cough.

Pet, ped, if.

Petris, partridges.

Petrual, a square plot.

Petrus, doubtful; petruso, doubt.

Peth, a part, a thing; rhywbeth, something.

Peu, peus, a habitation, dwelling, cottage, country.

Peufyd, peufyth, dovetailing.

Peuo, to breathe out, to pant.

Pi, piogen, a magpie; piod, piogod, magpies.

Piau, mi biau, ’tis mine; ti biau, ’tis thine.

Pîb, pîbell, a pipe; pibydd, a piper; pibydd cod, a bag piper.

Pîb, looseness; pibo, to purge; piplyd, given to looseness, or purging; pipre, pibiad, looseness.

Pibonwy, an icicle.

Pibori, buds, budding.

Picell, a dart, a pile.

Picio, to dart, fly.

Pig, the point, or nib of anything; pig aderyn, the bill of a bird; pigo, to prick, to peck.

Pigyn, picyn, a noggin.

Pigfforch, a pitchfork.

Piglaw, a heavy rain, or shower.

Pîl, a rind, bark, shell, or pill; pilio, to pill; pîltonen, a thin rind.

Pildin, a galling by riding.

Pilen, pilionen, a rag, or clout.

Piler, a column, pillar.

Pilgi, a basin, a laver.

Pilwrn, a javelin.

Pilyn, a rag, clout.

Pill, a fortress, a place of defence.

Pill, a log, stem, stake.

Pinagl, a pinnacle.

Pinn, a pen, a pin.

Pisgen, pisgwydden, a linden.

Piso, to make water; pision, urine.

Pistyll, a water-spout; pistyllio, to spout.

Piw, a breast, teat, pap, or udder.

Pla, pl. plâu, plague.

Plâd, plate, armour.

Pladur, a scythe; pladurwr, a mower.

Plaid, a part, party; pleidio, to take part with one side or other.

Plann, a plantation; plannu, to plant; planhigyn, a plant.

Plant, children; planta, to get children; plantos, little children.

Plas, a mansion.

Plegyd, plaid, part, side, or party.

Pleth, a plaiting, or braiding; plethu, to plait, braid, to entangle.

Pliant, bliant, fine linen cloth.

Plisg, blisg, shells.

Plith, among, mixed.

Plu, feathers; pluyn, pluen, a feather; plucan, fine feathers, down; pluo, to pluck off the feathers.

Pluor, dust, powder.

Plwca, dirt, clay.

Plwm, lead; plymen, a leaden vessel, a mass of lead, a cistern.

Plwyf, a parish, diocese.

Plyg, a wrinkle, or fold, a bending; plygu, to fold, to bend; plycroth, part of the belly.

Plygain, the break of day.

Plymlwy, plymnwyd, a war, battle, conflict.

Po, by how much.

Pob, all, every.

Pobi, to bake; pobydd, a baker; pobyddiaeth, the art of baking; pobdy, an oven, a bakehouse.

Pobl, people.

Pocyn, a kiss.

Poed, boed, let it be, so be it.

Poen, labour, torment; poeni, to labour; poenedigaeth, torment, labour; poenus, laborious.

Poer, poeryn, a spittle; poeri, to spit.

Poeth, hot; poethi, to wax hot; poethni, poethineb, heat.

Pôl, fem. of pŵl, blunt.

Ponar, a bean.

Poni, ponid, why not?

Pont, bridge.

Por, a lord.

Porchell, a boar pig.

Porffor, purple.

Pori, to feed, to grraze; porfa, a pasture.

Portread, a pattern, portraiture, specimen, model.

Porth, assistance, succour; porthorddwy, surcour, supply.

Porth, a gate, a door; porthor, a door-keeper, a porter; porthoriaeth, the office of a door-keeper.

Porthladd, porthfa, porth, a port, or haven; porthwys, a ferry-man, a land-waiter, a tide-waiter.

Porth, porthiant, ymborth, subsistence, food; porthi, to feed.

Porthi, to bear, or carry.

Porthmon, a drover, a merchant; porthmonna, to buy and sell; porthmonaeth, merchandise.

Posiâr, a fat hen.

Postolwyn, a horse-crupper.

Poten, the belly, or paunch.

Pothan, pothon, a young wolf.

Praff, thick; praffder, thickness.

Praidd, a flock of sheep, spoil; preiddio, to spoil, rob; preiddiawr, preiddiwr, a robber, spoiler; preiddiad, a spoiling, foraging.

Prain, a court, palace, feast.

Prawf, praw, a proof, an experience; profi, to prove, to try.

Pregeth, a sermon, homily; pregethu, to preach.

Pren, a tree.

Prenfol, prennol, a little coffer, or casket, a deal wainscot box.

Prenial, a screen.

Prentis, an apprentice.

Pres, brass.

Pres, haste and speed-making.

Preseb, a manger.

Presen, presence; the present age; this world; presennol, present; presenoldeb, presence.

Prestl, subtle, witty; prestledd, a subtle point, witty sayings.

Preswyl, habitation, dwelling; preswylio, to dwell, to stay.

Prew, a country, a province.

Prîd, dear; pridwerth, a price.

Prîd, a pledge; prido, to give a pledge.

Pridd, earth, mould; priddo, to cover with earth; priddell, a clod; priddfaen, a brick, tile; priddgist, an earthen vessel; priddlestr, a potter’s vessel.

Prif, first, principal; the first day of the moon, the golden number.

Prifio, to grow, to thrive.

Prin, rare, scarce, sparing, scarcely, sparingly; prinder, scarcity, need, want; prinhau, to grow scarce, to decrease, to diminish.

Prinpan, to reason, to dispute.

Print, graving, print; printio, to engrave, to print.

Priod, proper, particular; private, married; priodi, to marry; priodas, marriage, or wedlock; priodfab, priodasfab, a bridegroom; priodferch, priodasretch, a bride; priodol, proper, the married state; priodoli, to possess; priodoldeb, propriety.

Pris, price; prisio, appraise.

Profi, to taste, prove; profiad, probation, proof; profadwy, proved, approved, provable.

Proffes, profession.

Prol, a prologue; proliad, he that speaks the prologue.

Propr, proper, elegant, neat.

Propriaid, little flies like gnats.

Prophwyd, a prophet.

Prudd, prudent, grave, serious, heavy, sad, melancholy; prudd-deb, prudence; prudd-der, heaviness, sadness, melancholy; pruddhau, to mourn, grieve.

Pryd, form, countenance, beautiful; prydus, prydferth, beautiful; prydwen, a figure, image.

Pryd, time, season, opportunity; pryd o fwyd, a meal’s meat; prydlawn, in good time, seasonable.

Pryder, pryderi, care, pensiveness; pryderu, gofalu, to cark and care.

Prydu, prydyddu, to make verses, to play the poet; prydydd, a poet.

Pryddest, a poem.

Pryf, a worm; pryfedog, pryfedus, full of vermin; pryfedu, to breed worms; pryf cadachog, a palmerworm; prŷ’r dail, a palmer or canker worm; pryf clustiau, an earwig, pryf dillad, gwyfyn, a moth; pryf penfrith, a badger; pry’r ganwyll, pryf goleuad, a candle-worm; pryfigedd, perfigedd, maw worms.

Pryffwnt, pryffynt, especial, chiefest.

Pryn, pryniad, a buying; prynu, to buy, redeem; prynwr, pryniawdr, a redeemer, a buyer; prynedigaeth, redemption.

Prys, prysg, a grove, a nursery of young trees; prysgyll, hazel copse.

Pryseddu, to dwell, to stay.

Prysur, busy; prysuro, to hasten; prysurdeb, haste, business.

Pryswylio, preswylio, to dwell.

Puch, a desire, wish; pucho, to wish, desire; puchiant, a desire.

Pump, five.

Punt, a pound, or twenty shillings.

Pupur, pepper.

Pur, pure, clean, undefiled; purdeb, purity, sincerity; purdan, purgatory; puro, to purify.

Purion, very well, fairly adapted.

Puror, an harmonious or pleasant tuner; puroriaeth, harmony, melody.

Putain, a harlot, an adulteress; puteindra, fornication, adultery.

Pwding, pudding.

Pwdr, rotten, corrupt, putrified; pydrni, rottenness, putrefaction; pydru, to putrify, to rot.

Pwngi, a push, blister, pock.

Pŵl, blunt; pylu, to wax dull, or blunt.

Pwll, a pit, a lake.

Pwmpa, a great apple.

Pwmpl, a boss of a nail, or bridle.

Pwnc, point, note.

Pwnn, a pack, a burden.

Pwrcas, something got or bought.

Pwrs, a purse.

Pwt, stump, something short.

Pwy, who, what person, pwy bynnag, whosoever.

Pwyll, sense, discretion, prudence; pwyllo, to consider, to deliberate; pwyllog, prudent, discreet.

Pwynt, health; amhwynt, weakness, sickness, pwyntio, to make fat, or to be fatted.

Pwyntl, a pencil.

Pwyo, to beat, or strike.

Pwys, a pound weight, a weight; pwyso, to weigh.

Pwyth, a reward or price.

Pwyth, a stitch; pwytho, to stitch, or sew.

Pybyr, strong, stout, strongly made; pybyrwch, strength, valour.

Pych, a distemper.

Pyd, danger; pydio, to be in danger, to encounter.

Pydew, a pit, muddy water.

Pyg, pitch; pygu, to pitch; pyglian, a cerecloth; pygliw, black as pitch.

Pylgain, plygain, cock’s-crowing, the twilight.

Pylor, pluor, gunpowder.

Pyllawg, pyllog, full of puddles.

Pymtheg, fifteen.

Pyncio, to note, sing, play.

Pynfarch, portcullis, a pack-horse; pynfarch melin, a mill dam.

Pynner, a weight, burden or pack; pynoreg, a pannel, a pack-saddle; pynori, to pack up.

Pyr, lords.

Pyrnhawn, prydnawn, afternoon.

Pys, peas.

Pysg, pysgodyn, a fish; pysgodlyn, a fish-pond; pysgota, to fish.

Pythefnos, a fortnight.

R.

Rhaclyd, providence.

Rhaco, yonder.

Rhacgno, advice, premeditation.

Rhacter, resistance.

Rhâd, grace, gratis; rhadlawn, gracious, meek, gentle.

Rhaeadr, a cataract, pl. rheieidr; rhaeadru, to fall down violently.

Rhaff, a rope.

Rhag, from, before, lest; rhagbron, gerbron, before, in presence; rhagachub, to come before; rhagddant, a fore-tooth; rhagddor, a hatch; rhagddydd, rhagddynt, from them, rhagflaenu, achub y blaen, to be beforehand with; rhagethol, to predestine; rhaglafar, prolocutory; rhagynys, adjacent island; rhaglaw, a ruler, governor, or president; rhaglawiaeth, government, rule, or presidency; rhaglith, a preface; rhagwys, warning, premonition.

Rhagfyr, December.

Rhagod, to hinder, impediment; rhagodion, delays.

Rhagor, rhagoriaeth, pre-eminence, difference, exceeding, excellence; rhagorol, excellent; rhagori, to excel; rhagorfraint, prerogative; rhagorgamp, a perfect work of virtue, a deed well done.

Rhagre, to run.

Rhagtal, a frontlet, a forehead cloth.

Rhagu, to contradict, to deny.

Rhai, some, some few, several.

Rhaib, greediness; rheibio, rheibo, to eat greedily, bewitch.

Rhaid, needful, necessary; rheidus, needy, poor; rheidwy, necessity.

Rhaidd, rheiddun, a spear, a lance; rheiddiawr, a spearman.

Rhaith, an oath, a vow, law; rheithiwr, a swearer; rhaith gwlad, common law.

Rhamant, divination, romance; rhamanta, to conjure, tell a tale.

Rhan, a part, portion; rhannu, to part, divide; rhannog, a partaker; rhandir, a lot, or hereditary part; rhandwy, a portion, or part.

Rhanc, desire, greed, content.

Rhasgl, an instrument to shave wood with; a garter.

Rhaw, a spade, shovel.

Rhawd, course, career, path.

Rhawd, rhawter, a troop, company.

Rhawg, a long while.

Rhawn, sing, rhownyn, coarse hair, the hair of a horse’s tail.

Rhawth, greediness, greedy.

Rhe, to run; rheawdr, rhedwr, a runner; rhedeg, to run; rhedegwr, rhedwr, a runner; rhedfa, a race; rhedegfain, rhedegfan, to run up and down.

Rhebydd, a governor, a lord.

Rhech, a fart.

Rhedweli, artery, vein.

Rhedyn, ferns, brakes; rhedyneg, rhedynogdir, ferny ground.

Rhêf, thick, great; rhefedd, thickness.

Rhefawg, a withe, chain.

Rheflog, spoil.

Rhefr, anus; rhefrwym, costive.

Rheffyn, a halter, a cord.

Rhêg, a gift.

Rheg, a curse; rhegi, rhegu, to curse.

Rhegain, whisper, murmur.

Rhegen, a quail.

Rheng, rhenc, a rank; rhencio, to make into a rank.

Rheibio, to eat greedily.

Rheiddiawr, a spear-man.

Rhelyw, a relic.

Rhemial, muttering, babbling.

Rhemp, excess, wickedness.

Rhemwth, a paunch, glutton.

Rhên, a lord, a peer.

Rhen, rhennaid, a quart measure.

Rheol, a rule, or government; rheoli, to rule, or govern.

Rhes, rhestr, a row, a rank.

Rhesel, a rack, or manger.

Rheswm, a reason.

Rhethr, rhethren, a spear, a lance; rhethrawr, a spear-man.

Rheufedd, wealth, riches.

Rhew, frost; rhewi, to freeze.

Rhewin, ruin; rhewiniaw, destroy.

Rhewydd, lechery, lascivious.

Rhî, lord, peer, baron; rhiaidd, rhieiddawg, noble, generous.

Rhial, rheiol, royal, noble.

Rhiain, pl. rhianedd, a virgin, a maid.

Rhiallu, a hundred thousand.

Rhiawdr, a lord, a baron.

Rhibib, a hautboy.

Rhician, rhincian, a gnashing.

Rhidels, rhidens, ridens, a fringe.

Rhidio, to rut in rutting-time.

Rhidyll, a coarse sieve.

Rhidys, rill, narrow pipe.

Rhieni, parents, ancestors, an offspring, posterity.

Rhif, a number; rhifo, to number; rhifed, rhifedi, a number.

Rhifwnt, a yellow, or golden colour; jaundice.

Rhigal = rhial.

Rhigod, a pillory.

Rhigol, a trench; rhigoli, to trench.

Rhigwm, a long tale, or story.

Rhingyll, apparitor, sergeant.

Rhill, a rank, or order.

Rhimyn, a rhyme; rim.

Rhin, a secret, a mystery; rhiniau, enchantments, charms; rhinwedd, sacrament, virtue; rhinweddol, virtuous, gentle.

Rhinc, rhincyn, a noise, a crashing, a gnashing; rhincian, rhician, to make a noise, to crash, to gnash.

Rhiniog, hiniog, a threshold.

Rhintach, toothless, without teeth.

Rhisg, rhisgl, bark of trees.

Rhistyll, a horse comb, a curry comb; rhistyllio, to curry a horse.

Rhîth, apparition, form, pretence, embryo; rhithio, to appear.

Rhocas, a young man, lad.

Rhôch, a noise, a roaring.

Rhod, a wheel.

Rhodio, to walk; rhodiad, rhodienwr, a walker, also a vagabond; rhodianna, to walk about, to range.

Rhodl, rhodol, an oar; rhodoli, to row.

Rhodres, pomp, vain-glory, boasting; rhodresu, to boast, brag; rhodresus, rhodreslyd, given to boasting, or bragging; rhodreswr, a boaster.

Rhodd, a gift; rhoddi, rhoi, to give, bestow; rhoddiad, a largess, liberality; rhoddwr, a giver.

Rhoesaw, welcome; rhoesawu, to welcome.

Rhol, a roll; rholbren, a rolling-pin.

Rhon, a tail, spear, lance; rhonell, a tail; rhonwyn, white-tailed; rhonell goch, the redstart.

Rhonca, loose, hollow.

Rhos, roses.

Rhos, pl. rhosydd, a moor.

Rhost, roast.

Rhuo, to roar; rhuad, a roaring; rhuadwr, a roarer.

Rhuchen, a thin skin, the web in the eye; rhuchio, to sift or sieve.

Rhudd, red, ruddy; rhuddo, to grow red, or ruddy; rhuddell, a rubric, so called because printed in red letters, a ruddy stone to mark sheep with, red ochre; rhudden, red mark; rhuddfa, red earth; rhuddfaog, rhuddawg, reddish, of a bloody colour, crimson.

Rhuddin, rhudding, the heart or soundest part of a tree.

Rhuddion gwenith, wheat-bran.

Rhufain, Rome.

Rhufaog, a fighter.

Rhugl groen, hugl groen, a rattle made of stones in a dried undressed skin to frighten horses, &c.

Rhugio, to shovel dirt or mire.

Rhull, liberal, swift, hasty, rash.

Rhumen, the paunch, the cud.

Rhuon, rhufon, a soldier.

Rhupai, an iron comb.

Rhus, a leaping, or skipping back; rhuso, to leap, or skip back, to stand still as an ill qualified horse will do in defiance of his rider.

Rhut, rue.

Rhuthr, an assault, or leaping upon; rhuthro, to assault, or rush upon.

Rhuwch, a sieve, a cullender, or strainer.

Rhŵd, rust; rhydu, torust; rhydlyd, rusty.

Rhwng, between.

Rhwmp, an auger, or wimble.

Rhwnc, a snore.

Rhwning, pears.

Rhwnsi, a kind of horse.

Rhwth, wide, open; rhythu, to make wide, or open.

Rhwy, rhwyf, a king, a chief commander, a general of an army; abundance, too much.

Rhwyd, a net; rhwydo, to ensnare.

Rhwydd, prosperous, ready, easy; rhwydd-deb, prosperity, good-luck; rhwyddhau, to prosper, to make ready, or easy.

Rhwyf, an oar; rhwyfo, to row; rhwyfwr, a water-man, one that roweth.

Rhwyg, a rend; rhwygo, to rend.

Rhwyl, a palace.

Rhwyll, a mortice; rhwyllog, latticewise, like a net or window.

Rhwym, a bond; rhwymo, to bind.

Rhwymedi, remedy.

Rhwys, vigour, luxuriance.

Rhwysg, authority, rule.

Rhwystr, hindrance; rhwystro, to hinder; rhwystrys, entangled.

Rhy, too much, over, excessive.

Rhybuch, a desire, a wish; rhybucho, to desire, to wish.

Rhybuched, a gift.

Rhybwyth, wages, reward, the price or value of anything.

Rhybudd, warning; rhybuddio, to warn, admonish.

Rhybydd, bydd, it will be.

Rhych, a furrow; rhychdir, arable ground; rhychor, the right hand ox that draweth.

Rhychwant, a span.

Rhyd, rhydle, a ford.

Rhyddain, a hind calf, a young deer.

Rhyderig, hwch ryderig neu lodig, a sow that desires the boar.

Rhydd, rhyddedawg, free, loose; rhyddid, rhydid, rhydd-did, liberty, freedom; rhyddhau, to set free, to loose, undo, untie.

Rhyddirio, entreat, beseech.

Rhyddyn, rhyngthyn, rhyngddynt, between them.

Rhyfedd, wonderful; rhyfeddod, a wonder, a miracle; rhyfeddu, to admire, to wonder.

Rhyfel, war; rhyfela, rhyfelu, to wage war; rhyfelwr, a warrior.

Rhyferad, drivelling.

Rhyferig = rhyderig.

Rhyferthwy, rhyfawrthin, a storm, tempest, deluge, inundation.

Rhyfyg, pride, arrogance, presumption; rhyfygu, to presume; rhyfygus, proud, presumptuous.

Rhyg, rye.

Rhyged, liberal, prodigal.

Rhyglydd, rhygluddiant, rhygluddiad, merit; rhyglyddu, to deserve, to give content.

Rhygn, a score made with chalk; rhygnbren, a piece of board to score upon, a score.

Rhygnu, to saw.

Rhygoll, loss, damage.

Rhygyng, an ambling, or pacing; rhygyngog, given to amble, or pace; rhygyngu, to amble, or pace.

Rhygylch, a compass, a course.

Rhyngu bôdd, to please, to give content.

Rhyladd, to kill.

Rhym, rhyn, mine, ours.

Rhymanta, to follow soothsayings, to divine by gathering of water and sand on a certain night.

Rhyn, a hilt.

Rhynion, oats cleared of husks.

Rhynn, a very great cold, extremity of cold; rhynnu, to suffer extreme cold, to be frozen with cold.

Rhynnawd, rhynnawdd, some, a few, not many.

Rhyodres, a babbling, or prating.

Rhysgyr, an assault, an endeavour.

Rhysedd, abundance, foolhardiness.

Rhysod, coals of fire.

Rhyswr, a champion, a wrestler, a hero, a savage.

Rhyw, somewhat, something, somebody, someone.

Rhyw, rhywogaeth, a stock, race, or lineage.

Rhyweilydd, vain, empty.

Rhywiog, generous, mild, gentle, fine, not coarse.

S.

Sach, a sack; sachlen, sachlian, sack-cloth.

Sad, firm, wise, discreet.

Sadell, a pannel, pack-saddle.

Sadwrn, Saturn, Saturday.

Sae, woollen, say.

Saen, plaster.

Saer coed, a carpenter; saer maen, a mason; saer niaeth, building, architecture.

Saesneg, the English language.

Saeth, an arrow; saethu, to shoot; saethydd, an archer; saethyddiaeth, archery.

Safn, a mouth; safnaid, a mouthful; safnrwth, having a wide mouth; safnrythu, to extend, or dilate one’s mouth; safnog, having a great or wide mouth, mouthed.

Saffrwm, saffron; saffrymu, to stain with saffron; saffrymog, of, or like saffron, yellow.

Saffwy, a lance, a spear.

Saib, leisure; studious.

Said, seidyn, a tang, or that part that goeth into the haft of any weapon or tool.

Saig, a dish, mess of meat; seigio, to provide and dress dishes of meat.

Sang, a pressing, a straining, a treading; sengi, sangu, to press, to strain, to tread.

Sail, sylfaen, a foundation; seilio, sylfaenu, to lay a foundation; seilddar, a prop, a pile driven into the earth.

Saim gwydd, goose-grease; seimlyd, greasy; seimio, to yield grease.

Sain, a sound; seinio, synio, to sound.

Sais, a Saxon, an Englishman.

Saith, seven.

Sâl, salw, vile, ignoble, sorry; salwedd, vileness, sordidness.

Saled, salad.

Sallwyr, llaswyr, psallwyr, psalmau, psalms.

Sann, syndod, amazement; astonishment; sannu, synnu, to be stupified, or amazed.

Sant, a saint; santes, a she-saint; sanctaidd, holy; sancteiddio, to sanctify; sancteiddrwydd, sanctification, holiness.

Sardio, to chide.

Sarhâd, disgrace; sarhâu, to disgrace.

Sarit, addition, the overplus, what is given over and above weight or measure.

Sarllach, joy, gladness, mirth.

Sarn, a causeway, a pavement; sarnu, to pave, tread, trample.

Sarph, a serpent.

Sarrug, obstinate, dogged, stubborn; sarugrwydd, obstinacy, doggedness; sarugyn, a boor.

Sâs, great, eminent.

Sathar, a satyr.

Sathr, a treading, or trampling; sathru, to tread, or trample; sathrfa, a trodden place.

Saw, saf, safiad, sefydle, a station.

Sawd, war, a conflict; sawdiwr, a soldier, a warrior.

Sawdl, the heel.

Sawdurio, to join, solder.

Sawdd, a plunging, or dipping into, a sinking under water; soddi, suddo, to plunge, or dip into.

Sawell, passage of a chimney.

Sawl, whoever.

Sawr, safr, sawyr, savour, taste, a smell; sawrio, to taste, to smell; sawrus, savoury.

Saws, sauce.

Se = ys ef, so, thus.

Sebach, very small.

Sebon, soap; seboni, to lather; sebonllyd, bedaubed with soap.

Sêch, fem. of sych, dry.

Sechi, sachu, to fill up a sack.

Sêf, ys ef, to wit, that is.

Sefnig, the gullet.

Sefyll, to stand; sefyllfa, a station; sefyllian, to stand still.

Sefydlu, to place, to establish; sefydlog, constant, firm, established; dŵr sefydlog, standing water.

Sefrdan, syfrdan, giddy-brained, stupid.

Segur, segurllyd, slothful, idle; seguryd, idleness, leisure.

Sengi, sang, press, tread, trample.

Sengl, single.

Seibiannu, ceasing from labour, or business; seibiant, leisure.

Seimio, to yield grease, to drop grease.

Seinio, synio, to make a sound.

Seintwar, sanctuary.

Seirch, horse trappings, the harness of a horse, a saddle.

Seirian, bright, sparkling.

Seith, seven.

Seithug, in vain, void; seithugio, to disappoint, to frustrate, to do in vain; seithugiaeth, disappointment, a frustrating.

Sêl, a watch; selu, to espy, to watch; selwr, a scout, beholder; seliad, crafty, quick-sighted; seldrem, prospect, a handful, bundle.

Sêl, a seal; selio, to seal.

Seler, cellar.

Selgyngian, to speak softly, to mutter, murmur.

Selsig, sausages, or puddings.

Selwedd, vileness, baseness.

Semi, fem. of syml, simple.

Semlant, countenance, aspect.

Senn, a rebuke, chiding; sennu, to chide.

Senedd, a synod, an assembly, the sanhedrim amongst the Jews; seneddwr, a senator, or high councillor.

Senw, honour, profit, benefit.

Sêr, stars; seren, a star; serliw, starlight; serlo, starglow; seroliaeth, the starry system.

Serch, love, affection; a concubine, an adulterer; serchog, kind, loving, amorous, affectionate; serchu, to love, to affect, or fancy.

Serch, notwithstanding, in spite of.

Serfyll, like to fall, decay, or perish.

Seri, horses.

Serr, cleddyf, a sword.

Serrigl, sienigl, torn, broken.

Serth, steep, dangerous, also lewd; serthallt, a precipice, lewdness, lewd discourses; serthair, blasphemy.

Serw, bright, glittering.

Seuthug = seithug, in vain.

Sew, broth, pottage.

Si, a noise, a hissing.

Siad, iâd, the head, pate.

Siaff, a lord’s son.

Siambr, a chamber.

Siamp, a mark, mole, freckle, blemish on the body.

Siampl, an example; siampler, patrwm, a pattern, sample.

Siapri, merry words, a jest.

Siarad, to speak, talk, or discourse; siarad, talking; siaradus, talkative, full of words; siaradwr, a talkative man.

Sias, a chase at tennis-play.

Sibrwd, sisial, a low burring noise.

Sicio, to stir or rub linen in lather.

Sicr, sure, firm, stable, safe; sicrwydd, security, certainty; sicrhau, to confirm, establish, assure, certify.