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Geiriadur Cymraeg a Saesneg Byr

Chapter 27: U.
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About This Book

A concise Welsh–English dictionary compiled to aid readers of medieval Welsh literature, concentrating on words current around the time of the 1588 Bible translation. The editor explains sources and methods, drawing on earlier lexicons and scholarly aids to correct, condense, and supplement previous translations. The volume opens with the Welsh alphabet and lists of personal and place names, then presents alphabetized headwords with English equivalents, variant forms, derivations, and brief usage notes. Entries include geographic and proper-name forms as well as common vocabulary, offering a practical reference for understanding historical Welsh texts.

U.

Ubain, uban, udo, to howl.

Uch, uwch, above, higher, superior; uchaf, highest, chiefest, supreme; uchafiaeth, penaduriaeth, supremacy, height, top; uchedd, the top, or surface; uchel, high; uchder, uchelder, height, on high; uchelfa, a high place; uchelfaer, a sheriff, constable; uchedydd, skylark; uchelfar, mistletoe; uchelwr, freeholder, gentleman; ucho, above.

Uchenaid, a sigh; ucheneidio, to sigh.

Ucher, the evening; ucheru, to grow late, draw towards the evening.

Ucho, uchod, above, on high.

Udcorn, a trumpet.

Udo, to howl; udfa, a howling.

Udd, a lord.

Ufel, uwel, ufeliar, a fire, spark; ufelydd, a fire-hearth.

Ufelltawd, ufylltawd, humility.

Ufudd, obedient, humble; ufudddod, obedience; ufuddhau, to obey.

Uffern, hell; uffernol, hellish.

Ugain, ugaint, twenty.

Ulw, hot embers, cinders.

Un, one; uno, to unite, appease; undeb, unity, concord; unoliaeth, unanimity, concord of heart and mind.

Unben, unbyn, a monarch, emperor, prince; unbennes, an empress, queen, princess; unbennaeth, monarchy.

Undras, of the same kindred.

Unddull, unffurf, uniform, alike.

Ungor, single, or untwisted.

Uniawn, right, straight; uniawni, to rectify, direct, straighten.

Unllawiog, one handed.

Unlliw, of one and the same colour.

Unllygeidiog, one eyed.

Unne, of one colour.

Unoed, of the same age.

Unon, unofu, fear.

Unwaith, once, one time.

Untrew, sneezing.

Untuog, partial.

Untyrch, entyrch, height.

Urael, asbestos; a garment made of asbestos, which could be cleansed by fire.

Urdd, urddau, urddas, order, holy orders; urddo, to admit into orders, or degrees; urddol, honoured with some degree or order; urddedig, that is in honour, honourable; urddas, honour, dignity; urddasol, honourable, worshipful; urdden, honoured with some degree, order; urdduniant, honour, reverence.

Uriad, an elder, a senator, an old man.

Us, chaff; usyn, a chaff.

Ust, ys taw, hold thy peace, silence.

Usuriwr, an usurer; usuriaeth, usury.

Uswydd, to pieces.

Uthr, wonderful.

Uwd, a hasty-pudding, a stirabout; uwd peilliaid, pap, or meat made of milk and wheat flower; uwd sugaethan, poultice.

W.

Wb, wbwb, ah! avaunt! fie! alas!

Wedi, after.

Weithian, weithion, now, now at length.

Weithiau, sometimes.

Wel, well, lo, behold.

Wele, behold.

Wfft, fie! bah!

Wi, heyday, well done.

Wibwrn, Coventry blue.

Wng, near, hard by.

Wihi, neighing, whinnying.

Wilameg, the web in the eye.

Wns, an ounce.

Wo, the voice of a hound a hunting.

Wrlys, a kind of herbs.

Wrth, by, hard by.

Wtra, the highway.

Wtres, luxury, prodigality; wtreswr, a prodigal man, a luxurious man.

Wy, an egg.

Wybr, wybren, the firmament, air, sky; wybrwr, wybrydd, an astronomer.

Wyf, ydwyf, I am.

Wylo, to weep; wylofain, to lament, wailing, doleful; wylofedd, lamentation; wylofus, weeping.

Wyll, a hag, or night-mare.

Wyn, pl. of oen, lambs.

Wyneb, face, countenance; wynebol, beautiful, goodly to behold; wynebu, to behold, to face; wynebwerth, satisfaction.

Wyr, grandson, grand-daughter.

Wysg, direction, bias; wysg pen, forward.

Wyth, eight; wythfed, the eighth; wythnos, a week; wythryw, of eight kinds.

Y.

Y, yr, the.

Ych, pl. ychen, an ox.

Ycha, lo, behold.

Ychenawg, needy.

Ychryn, fear, trembling, quivering.

Ychwaith, chwaith, neither.

Ychwerig, a little.

Ychwinsa, now, immediately.

Ychydig, a little; ychydigyn, a mote, particle.

Yd, corn; yden, a grain of corn; ydlan, a yard made for ricks of corn, or hay; ŷd-tir, corn-land.

Yd, ydd, y, yr, the.

Yfed, to drink, a drinking; yfwr, a drinker; yfetri, to tipple.

Yfory, to-morrow.

Ygys, frowning.

Yngan, yngenyd, to speak, to mention.

Ynglef, ynglais, a great cry, or noise, shriek.

Yngo, yngod, close, hard by.

Yngres, between.

Yngwrth, yngyrth, suddenly, presently.

Yleni, eleni, this present year.

Ylltyr, a mole, or wart.

Ym-, a particle expressing reflexion or mutuality.

Ym, myn, an adverb of swearing by.

Yma, yman, here.

Ymachludd, ymachlud, machlud, to hide, hidden.

Ymadael, to depart.

Ymadferth, activity, defence.

Ymadolwyn, to beseech, entreat.

Ymadrodd, a speech; ymadroddi, to make a speech; ymadroddus, well spoken, eloquent.

Ymaes, without, out of doors.

Ymafael, to lay hold, to wrestle; ymaelydd, a wrestler.

Ymaith, away, hence, out of the way.

Ymannerch, congratulation.

Ymannos, the other night, last night.

Ymannos, ymannog, to exhort one another mutually.

Ymarddelw, to claim.

Ymarwar, discord.

Ymbil, to implore, to beseech.

Ymborth, food, nourishment; ymborthi, to feed one’s self.

Ymchwelyd, to turn away, to turn aside.

Ymdaeru, to stand in controversy.

Ymdaith, to travel.

Ymdiro, to bask.

Ymdrafodi, to fall out, to strive.

Ymdraffullio, to hasten.

Ymdrech, endeavour.

Ymdrin, defiance, variance.

Ymdroi, to turn, loiter.

Ymdwymno, to warm one’s self.

Ymdynnu, to strive.

Ymdywynygu, to shine.

Ymddangos, to appear.

Ymddifad, orphan; ymddifadu, to deprive, to bereave one of a thing.

Ymddifregu â Duw, to beseech God.

Ymddifustlo, to scold.

Ymddiffyn, to defend, a defence; ymddiffynfa, a defence, safe-guard.

Ymddihafarchu, to strive, or contend.

Ymddihatru, to undress.

Ymddiodi, to guzzle.

Ymddioli, to blot out one’s tracks.

Ymddirgelu, to hide one’s self.

Ymddiried, to trust, confide in.

Ymddiwad, to deny, refuse, report.

Ymddrychioli, to appear.

Ymddwyn, to behave.

Ymddŵyn, to conceive.

Ymddyfalu, to guess to one’s self.

Ymddyfoli, to devour.

Ymegnio, to endeavour.

Ymeirio, ymremial, to bicker.

Ymennydd, the brain.

Ymenyn, butter.

Ymestyn, to stretch one’s self.

Ymfyddino, to encamp.

Ymffrost, a boasting; ymffrostio, to boast.

Ymgael, to be well met, or well matched.

Ymgais, attempt, effort.

Ymgatewrach, to fight, skirmish.

Ymgeinio, to scold, curse; ymgeiniaith, the language of quarrels; ymgeintach, to quarrel.

Ymgeledd, succour, care; ymgeleddu, to cherish, to take care of, or look after; ymgeleddwr, an overseer, tutor, a guardian.

Ymgreinio, to roll, or tumble one’s self upon the ground.

Ymgroesi, to mark with the sign of the cross, to bless one’s self.

Ymgydgam, company, dalliance.

Ymgyfhogi, to fence, fight.

Ymgyfredeg, a meeting.

Ymgyfarfod, a meeting, to meet together.

Ymgyhydu, to join or twist together.

Ymgyllellu, to fight.

Ymgymeryd, undertake.

Ymgynnal, to help, or support one another, continence, chastity, forbearance from lust or pleasure.

Ymgyrch, a coming together, assault; ymgyrchu, to come together, make an assault.

Ymgywreinio, to adjust one’s self.

Ymherodraeth, an empire.

Ymhonni, to assert, vindicate.

Ymhwrdd, a butting, or pushing.

Ymladd, to fight, a fighting; ymladdgar, quarrelsome.

Ymlâdd, to kill one’s self, to tire one’s self.

Ymlaen, before, forward.

Ymlaesu, to fail, to decay.

Ymleflef, to bicker, scold.

Ymliw, to reproach, expostulate.

Ymlochlach, to flatter.

Ymlyferydd, to rave, dotage.

Ymlyniad, a persecutor, pursuer.

Ymiachau, to heal one another, to take their farewell.

Ymnoddi, to take refuge.

Ymobryn, to bargain.

Ymod, to move, remove; diymod, immovable.

Ymofeg, idea, impulse.

Ymodwrdd, to make a tumult.

Ymogelyd, to beware.

Ymogor, habitation.

Ymoleithio, to flatter.

Ymorchestu, to wrestle, strive.

Ymorchuddio, to hide one’s self.

Ymornest, to fight a duel.

Ymorol, to enquire.

Ymorugo, to be fierce.

Ymorwst, to wrestle, strive.

Ymrain, ymread, ymrewydd, copulation.

Ymraint, at the point of.

Ymrwyllo, to extricate one’s self.

Ymryson, strife; ymrysongar, contentious.

Ymsang, a pressing, straining.

Ymserthu, to scold, abuse.

Ymsorllach, to flatter.

Ymswrn, a pressing, squeezing.

Ymswyno, to bless one’s self with the sign of the cross.

Ymsywyn, to scold, to cavil.

Ymwadu, to deny, renounce; ymwad, a denial.

Ymwan, to strive, to wrestle.

Ymwared, deliverance.

Ymwasgu, to embrace, to hug.

Ymweddu, to agree, accord.

Ymwngc, near, a neighbour.

Ymwneuthur, to conspire together.

Ymwr, violence, assault; ymwrio, to strive, to fight.

Ymwrando, to harken.

Ymwrdd, ymhwrdd, to strive, contend, thrust, or push against.

Ymwybod, to acknowledge, consider.

Ymwylio, to watch, tend.

Ymynhedd, to implore, intreat.

Ymyrryd, to interfere, meddle.

Ymysgar, ymysgaroedd, the entrails, or guts.

Ymysgrain, ymosgrain, ymosgryn, ymgreinio, to tumble upon the ground.

Ymystwyro, to stretch one’s self.

Yn, in, till.

Yn awr, yr awron, yrwan, now, at this present.

Yna, then.

Ynad, barnwr, a judge.

Ynfyd, foolish, mad, simple; ynfydrwydd, folly, madness; ynfydu, to grow foolish, or mad.

Ynial, wonderful, forsaken.

Ynni, courage, strength, valour.

Ynnill, gain, profit, to gain.

Yno, there, then.

Ynt, are.

Ynteu, yntef, he himself.

Ynteu, ynte, else, then.

Ynwst, moist, wet.

Ynyd, Shrovetide.

Ynys, an island.

Yr, the, that.

Yressu, to welcome.

Ys, is, truly; ys ef, to wit, that is; ys id, is it? is there?

Ysb, guests.

Ysbaid, a space, while.

Ysbar, a lance, spear.

Ysbleddach, recreation, pastime.

Ysbonc, a jostle, jerk, spurt.

Ysborthion, fodder.

Ysbrigyn, a sprig, twig.

Ysbrychu, to freckle, to break out into pimples, soil, or besmear, to become mildewed.

Ysbryd, spirit.

Ysbwrial, sweepings, refuse.

Ysbwng, a sponge.

Ysbydwr, an host.

Ysbyddad, ysbyddawd, hospitality.

Ysbys, sure, certain, positive.

Yscenn, the dandruff of the head.

Ysgablar, a scarf.

Ysgafael, ysgafeth, ysgafell, ysglyfaeth, a prey.

Ysgafala, ysgyfala, careless, negligent, safe; ysgafalhawch, carelessness, leisure, vacancy.

Ysgafell, edge, rim, brow.

Ysgafn, ysgawn, light, easy; ysgafnhau, to ease, to lighten; ysgafn o ŷd neu wair, a heap of corn or hay; ysgafnu, to heap or set up corn, hay; ysgafnder, lightness.

Ysgai, foam, froth, scum.

Ysgain, a sprinkling; ysgeinio, to sprinkle.

Ysgal, a cup, basin.

Ysgall, thistles.

Ysgar, separated, divorced; part, portion; ysgar, ysgariaeth, llythyr ysgar, divorce; ysgardde, a dispersion, scattering; ysgarant, adversary.

Ysgarlad, scarlet.

Ysgarm, a clamorous noise, an outcry; ysgarmes, a skirmish.

Ysgatfydd, it may be, perhaps.

Ysgaw, elder trees.

Ysgeler, wicked, villainous, ungracious, mischievous.

Ysgemydd, a bench.

Ysgerbwd, a carrion, dry carcase.

Ysgewyll, young sprigs.

Ysgidogyll, a siskin.

Ysgien, a knife, sword.

Ysgîn, a long gown, pelisse; ysginawr, a tailor; ysginyddiaeth, tailoring.

Ysginydd-dŷ, a tanhouse.

Ysglawring, glue.

Ysglem, a blot, stain, slice.

Ysglen, kind, sex.

Ysglent, a rebounding; ysglentio, to rebound.

Ysglinen, knot, knob.

Ysglodion, chips; ysglydioni, to chip; ysglodyn, a chip.

Ysglyf, a prey, spoil; ysglyfio, to spoil, to make a prey; ysglyfaeth, ysbail, spoil, rapine.

Ysglywyn, to defend.

Ysgobell, a saddle.

Ysgod, a shadow, a hag; ysgodigaw, to be frightened, to wince and kick as a frightened horse.

Ysgoewan, light, inconstant.

Ysgog, stir, motion.

Ysgoi, to lean, or yield unto, to go aside.

Ysgol, ysgoldy, a school, school-house; ysgolhaig, a scholar; ysgolheigtod, scholarship, learning.

Ysgol ddringo, a ladder.

Ysgolp, a lath to fasten thatch.

Ysgor, ysgorfa, fortification.

Ysgorddion, strangers.

Ysgoren, ysgorawg, a boat made of twigs and horse-hide.

Ysgorn, scorn, contumely.

Ysgort, a noise, report of a gun.

Ysgothi, to go to stool; ysgothfa, a house of office.

Ysgrafell, a curry-comb.

Ysgraff, a ferry-boat.

Ysgraffinio, to scratch, to lance a sore.

Ysgrawen, a crust, rind, or skin.

Ysgrawling, glue; ysgrawlingo, to glue.

Ysgre, a horse.

Ysgrech, shriek; ysgrech y coed, jay.

Ysgrepan, a satchel, wallet.

Ysgri, a great cry, or noise.

Ysgrifen, a writing; ysgrifennu, to write.

Ysgrîn, a screen.

Ysgrogell, a drawbridge.

Ysgrubl, a labouring, or working beast.

Ysgrwd, a carcase.

Ysgryd, a trembling, quivering; ysgrydu, to shake, tremble; ysgrynedig, trembling.

Ysgrythur, Scripture; Ysgrythur Lân, the Holy Scripture.

Ysgub, a broom, besom; ysgub o yd, a sheaf of corn; ysgubell, a sheaf of corn, broom, besom; ysgubo, to sweep; ysgubion, sweepings.

Ysgubor, a barn.

Ysgutyll, a kite.

Ysguthan, a ring-dove.

Ysgwar, square.

Ysgŵd, a push.

Ysgwfl, a prey, spoil.

Ysgwier, an esquire.

Ysgwir, os gwir, if true.

Ysgwl, excrescence, scab.

Ysgwn, esgwn, strength.

Ysgwr, violence, an assault, force.

Ysgwrlwgach, to rattle, clatter, clash.

Ysgwthr, an engraving, carving, lopping; ysgythru, to lop.

Ysgwyd, ysgydwyd, to shake.

Ysgwydd, a shield, buckler; a shoulder; ysgwyddo, to jostle or rush with the shoulder; ysgwyddog, broad shouldered.

Ysgydio, ysgytio, to shake violently.

Ysgyfaint, the lungs.

Ysgyfala = ysgafala, careless.

Ysgyfar, ysgyfarn, an ear; ysgyfarllynig, having speckled ears.

Ysgyfarnog, a hare.

Ysgyfeinwst, grief, sorrow, affliction, sickness.

Ysgyflu, to take, snatch away, devour; ysgyflgar, greedy, ravenous.

Ysgymun, excommunication, accursed, quarrelsome, morose; ysgymundod, an excommunication, a cursing, frowardness, peevishness; ysgymuno, to excommunicate, curse, provoke unto anger and fury.

Ysgymodi, to reconcile.

Ysgyren, a shingle, plank, board, splinter; ysgyrioni, to cleave into shingles, or splinters.

Ysgyryd, rough, cruel.

Ysgythru, to lop, or cut the branches; ysgythyr, a tusk.

Ysid, there is, it may be.

Ysig, bruised, shattered.

Yslepan, trap, snare, gin, pitfall.

Yslipanu, to burnish, polish.

Yslotian, to dabble, tipple.

Ysmachd, an ill deed, an ill turn.

Ysmala, waggish, careless, inconstant; ysmalhawch, levity, lightness, inconstancy, carelessness; ysmalhau, to wax careless.

Ysmwcan, a cloud, smoke, fog.

Ysnid, a snipe, or little woodcock.

Ysnoden, a hair-lace, any lace, or ribband; ysnodennog, laced.

Yspaddaden, hawthorn.

Yspagau, the spokes of a wheel, the claws of a bird.

Yspaid, a pause, space.

Yspail, a spoil, a prey; yspeilio, to spoil, to make a prey.

Yspardun, a spur; ysparduno, to spur.

Yspawr, pl. ysporion, fodder.

Yspeinio, to enclose, to shell.

Yspelwi, to gall, to chafe.

Yspêr, lance, spear.

Yspio, to observe, espy; yspienddyn, yspiennwr, yspiwr, a spy; yspios, ysbiwyr, spies, scouts.

Ysplennydd, bright, glittering.

Yspodol, a two-handed sword, a spatula that surgeons spread their plasters with; yspodoli, to beat with a staff or cudgel.

Ysponc, a jerk, skip.

Yspred, refuse, outcasts.

Yspryd, a spirit; ysprydol, spiritual; ysprydoliaeth, inspiration.

Yspur, a short post, of pillar to set things upon; yspurlath, a rafter, a prop.

Yspwrn, yspwng, a sponge.

Yspwys, weight, weighty.

Ystad, a state, condition, constitution.

Ystaen, a stain; ystaenio, to stain.

Ystafell, room, chamber.

Ystagiad, a strangling, or choking; ystagu, to choke or strangle.

Ystang, a perch, long rod, pole.

Ystal, stall, stock, rick.

Ystalwyn, stallion.

Ystel, to stretch, extend.

Ystels, a fox’s skin.

Ysten, a pitcher.

Ystid, ystidwm, a chain.

Ystiferion, the dropping of the eaves of a house.

Ystifflog, a cuttlefish.

Ystig, diligent, industrious.

Ystil, pen, style, method.

Ystinos = urael, asbestos.

Ystle, kindred, affinity.

Ystlen, sex, kind.

Ystlomi, to have thin stools.

Ystlum, a bat.

Ystlys, a side; ystlysu, to go aside, to make a side.

Ystod, a swath.

Ystof, the warp of a cloth; ystofi, dylifo, to warp cloth, &c.

Ystofi, dofi, to tame.

Ystol, a stool, or seat.

Ystola, stole, gown.

Ystôr, a store, treasure; ystordy, a store-house.

Ystor, rosin.

Ystori, history; ystoriawr, historian.

Ystorm, a tempest, storm.

Ystrad, a vale.

Ystranc, a stratagem, strategy.

Ystref, a habitation, dwelling.

Ystrewi, to sneeze.

Ystrin, a battle, fight, contention.

Ystrodur, a pack-saddle, horse cart saddle.

Ystryd, a street, highway.

Ystryw, industry, discretion, skill, wit; ystrywgar, crafty, full of tricks, or inventions; ystrywiaw, to think of, or devise some tricks.

Ystudfach, a stilt.

Ystum, figure, shape, form; ystumio, to bend, shape, frame or form; ystumgar, well-shaped.

Ystuno, to vex, trouble, or move, to drive away, beat away.

Ysturmant, Jews’ harp.

Ystwc, a bucket, pail.

Ystŵr, stir, noise, tumult.

Ystwffwl, the clapper of a door.

Ystwyth, limber, pliable; ystwythder, pliableness; ystwytho, to make limber, or pliable, to wax limber.

Ystyfnig, stubborn, dogged.

Ystyffylog, a great chest, with a round lid like a trunk.

Ystyllen, a board, plank.

Ystyn, to reach, or lengthen.

Ystywanu, to vex, trouble.

Ystyr, consideration; ystyrio, ystyried, to consider.

Ysu, to devour.

Yswain, a knight.

Yswidw, yswigw = sywidw, tit.

Yswil, bashful; yswilio, to be confused, blush.

Ysywaeth, forsooth.

Ytoedd, ydoedd, was.

Ytyw, ydyw, is.

Yw, ydyw, is.

Ywen, pl. yw, a yew-tree.