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Glass and Glass Manufacture

Chapter 23: INDEX
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About This Book

This work provides a concise, practical overview of glassmaking from its historical origins through the principles and practices of modern manufacture. It explains the chemistry of glass, the raw materials and formulations used for different classes of glass, and their chemical and physical properties. Treatment of coloured glass, decolorizers, and artificial gems is included alongside discussion of refractory materials, furnace and pot design, lehrs and annealing. Practical chapters describe hand and machine manipulation, tools, and production methods for crown, sheet, plate, tubing, optical and decorative ware. The volume closes with a comparison of national methods and a bibliography for further technical study.

INDEX

  • Aberration, 104
  • Acids, action of, on glass, 18, 19
  • Action of glass on , 45
  • Alkali, 23
  • Alumina, 9-11, 20
  • Amethyst, 31
  • Analysis of , 37
  • Ancient glass, 1
  • Annealing glass, 18
  • —— pots, 66
  • Arsenic, 31
  • Artificial eyes, 101
  • —— cements, 24
  • —— pearls, 31
  • Aventurine, 22-102
  • Barytes, 8-26
  • Basalt, 10
  • Bastie’s Process of hardening glass, 18
  • Batch, 11-13
  • Beads, 31-116
  • Black glass, 29
  • Blowing glass, 80, 82
  • Blow-iron, 80
  • Blue glass, 28
  • Bohemian glass, 25
  • Borates in glass, 7, 8, 9
  • Boric acid, 7
  • Bottle glass, 26, 27
  • Bottle-making, 77, 79
  • Bull’s eye, 90
  • Buttons, 116
  • Cane, 97
  • Capacity of pots, 51-52
  • —— of tank furnace, 56
  • Carbonate of soda, 6
  • Cements, 24
  • Chain screen, 68
  • Chair, Glassmakers’, 81
  • Chemical properties of glass, 4-15
  • Chemical Formulae, 12
  • Chimneys, Lamp, 16
  • Clays for pots and furnaces, 36
  • Coloured glasses, 28, 29
  • Colour of silicates, 11-22
  • Complex glass, 26
  • Composition of glass, 4-25
  • Compound glasses, 25
  • Conductivity of glass, 23
  • Continental glass, 3, 88, 118
  • Covered pots, 21-27
  • Cracking-off glass, 15, 17, 85
  • Crown glass, 26-89
  • Crucible pots, 21, 27, 64
  • Cullet, 10, 85
  • Cutting glass, 8, 10, 16
  • Decay in glass, 2
  • Decomposition, 2, 19
  • Decorated glass, 108
  • Decolorants, 32
  • Defects, 9, 23, 34
  • De-grading glass, 23
  • Density, 16
  • Devitrification, 3, 8, 20
  • Discovery of glass, 1
  • Doll’s eyes, 101
  • Education, Technical, 120
  • Electric furnaces, 58
  • Emerald, 31
  • Enamelling glass, 115
  • English type of furnace, 43
  • Engraving glass, 111
  • Etching, 19-112
  • Expansion, Thermal, 16
  • Eye of furnace, 43
  • Eyes, Artificial, 101
  • Fancy glass, 116
  • Filigree, 99
  • Fire-clay, 3, 11-36
  • —— analyses, 37
  • Fire-clay, blocks, 39, 45
  • ——, Burnt, 39, 41, 61
  • —— crucibles, 64
  • ——, Grinding of, 39
  • ——, Melting point of, 64
  • ——, Mild, 39, 65
  • —— pots, 62
  • ——, Properties of, 36-38, 41
  • —— rings, 65
  • ——, Selection of 38
  • —— stoppers, 66
  • —— Strong, 39, 64
  • ——, Tempering, 39, 61
  • ——, Weathering, 39, 61
  • Flint glass, 4
  • —— stones, 4
  • Fluorspar, 8
  • Foot maker, 82
  • Formulas, 12, 21
  • Frisbie’s Feeder, 47
  • Furnaces, 21, 41, 51, 57
  • Fusibility of glass, 9
  • Gadget, 28
  • Garnet, 31
  • Gas-fired furnaces, 47, 51, 55
  • Gathering, 76, 77
  • Glass, Afterworkings of, 86
  • ——, Alkalies in, 23
  • ——, Alumina in, 9, 11, 20
  • ——, Ancient, 2
  • ——, Annealing, 71
  • ——, Cane, 97
  • ——, Coloured, 28
  • —— cloth, 101
  • ——, Cut, 109
  • ——, Enamelled, 115
  • ——, Founding of, 69, 74
  • —— furnaces, 21, 41, 51, 56
  • ——, Gauge, 18
  • ——, Grinding of, 94
  • ——, Hardened, 95
  • ——, Homogeneity of, 23
  • —— house pots, 62
  • ——, Moulds for, 77
  • ——, Melting of, 69
  • ——, Plasticity of hot, 4-16
  • ——, Polishing of, 92-94
  • ——, Properties of, 15
  • ——, Process of making, 15, 76
  • ——, Sand-blasted, 114
  • ——, Scum on, 69
  • ——, Seeds in, 105
  • ——, Silvered, 116
  • —— snow, 101
  • ——, Stress in, 74
  • ——, Strengthened, 95
  • ——, Temperature of melting, 20
  • ——, Tube, 96
  • ——, Types of, 15, 25
  • ——, Wired, 95
  • —— wool, 101
  • ——, Yellow, 28
  • Grinding tumblers, 110
  • —— plate glass, 92, 94
  • Hardened, 18, 23
  • Hermansen’s Furnace, 52, 53
  • History, 1
  • Homogeneity, 23
  • Honey pot making, 85
  • Hydrofluoric acid, 19
  • Introduction of glassmaking in England, 2
  • Iridescence, 21-101
  • Iron in glass, 32
  • Italian Aventurine, 102
  • Laboratory glass, 25
  • Ladling glass, 45
  • Lamp glass chimneys, 16
  • Lead glass, 21
  • —— poisoning, 14
  • Lehr, 71
  • Light and glass, 33
  • Lime glass, 25, 26
  • Machines in glassmaking, 79, 111
  • Mechanical boy, 86
  • Millefiore, 100
  • Moulds, 85
  • Opalescent glass, 95-109
  • Opal glass, 29, 31
  • Optical glass, 5, 9, 33, 104
  • Oxidising agents, 7
  • Pearl ash, 6
  • Pearls, 31, 116
  • Phosphates in glass, 8
  • Polariscope, 74
  • Potash, 6
  • —— glass, 24
  • Pots, 8-13, 27-58
  • ——, Annealing, 66
  • —— cracking, 45, 69
  • —— clays, 37, 64
  • ——, Glazing, 69
  • ——, Making, 62
  • ——, Open, 21, 27, 64
  • ——, Plumbago, 65
  • ——, rings, stoppers, 63-65, 66
  • —— sherds, 65
  • ——, Setting, 67
  • ——, Trolley, 46
  • Plaining glass, 4, 51, 69
  • Plasticity, 11, 16
  • Plate glass, 26, 93
  • Plumbago, 65
  • Pressed glass, 26, 77
  • Pucellas, 82
  • Quartz glass, 19
  • Réaumur’s Porcelain, 17
  • Recipes for glass making, 25, 26
  • Recuperative furnaces, 52-54
  • Reduction in glass, 28, 31
  • Regenerative furnaces, 49
  • Rocaille flux, 25
  • Roman glass, 2
  • Ruby glass, 28, 31
  • Rupert drops, 18
  • Saltpetre, 7
  • Sands, 4
  • Sand-blast, 114
  • Scratching glass, 16
  • Screens for pot setting, 68
  • Seeds in glass, 4, 13, 105
  • Servitor, 83
  • Shearing glass, 81, 83
  • Sheet glass, 91
  • Siemens Furnace, 48
  • Siege of furnace, 43, 44
  • Silica, 4, 5
  • Silicates in glass, 24
  • Silvering glass, 116
  • Simple glasses, 24
  • Soda-lime glass, 21-26
  • Soft glass, 5
  • Soluble glass, 24
  • Spun glass, 15, 100
  • Stirring glass, 105
  • Strengthened glass, 95
  • Stress in glass, 18, 104
  • Striae, 9
  • Sulphates, 5, 25
  • Table glass, 25, 76, 77
  • Tank glass, 26, 57
  • Technical Education in glass manufacture, 120
  • Temperature of furnaces, 20, 105
  • Thermal expansion of glass, 16
  • Tin oxide in glass, 10
  • Tizeur, 43, 46
  • Tools, 76
  • Topaz, 31
  • Trades Unionism, 86
  • Tube, 26, 98
  • Tumblers, 85, 110
  • Turquoise, 31
  • Uranium, 28
  • Varieties of glass, 25, 102
  • Venetian glass, 2
  • Violet glass, 28
  • Waste glass, 30
  • Waterglass, 24
  • Wine-glass making, 82
  • Window glass, 1
  • Wired glass, 95
  • Working hours, 120
  • Zinc oxide, 9
Printed by Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd., Bath, England