History of the Peninsular War, Volume 4 (of 6)

The volume recounts military operations during the Peninsular conflict, tracing allied advances and retreats, river crossings, and major engagements such as the actions around Talavera and Almonacid, along with the prolonged siege of Gerona. It examines logistical strains, command disputes, and the roles of marshals and generals on both sides, while describing guerrilla activity, the treatment of prisoners, and civil hardships. Political chapters follow the collapse of central Spanish authorities, formation of a Regency, diplomatic efforts, and parliamentary debates in Britain over aid and strategy. The narrative blends campaign chronology with political correspondence and reports to map the campaign’s military and administrative dimensions.