WILLIAM SPRAGUE was born in Cranston, Rhode Island, September 11, 1830. He was educated chiefly at the Irving Institute, Tarrytown, New York. He subsequently spent several years in the counting-room of his uncle, upon whose death he came into possession of one of the largest manufacturing interests in the country. In 1861 he was elected Governor of Rhode Island. He entered with zeal into the national cause at the breaking out of the rebellion, and was with the Rhode Island Volunteers at the first battle of Bull Run. In 1862 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Rhode Island for the term ending in 1869.—27, 494.
JOHN F. STARR was born in Philadelphia in 1818. He removed to New
Jersey in 1844, and engaged in business pursuits. In 1863 he was
elected a Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty-Ninth Congress.
He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by William Moore.
THADDEUS STEVENS was born in Caledonia County, Vermont, April 4, 1793. He graduated at Dartmouth College in 1814, and in the same year removed to Pennsylvania. While teaching in an academy he studied law, and in 1816 was admitted to the bar in the County of Adams. In 1833 he was elected to the Legislature of Pennsylvania, and served four terms, rendering signal service to the State by originating the school-system of Pennsylvania. He early espoused the cause of anti-slavery, and became an earnest advocate of equal rights. In 1836 he was elected a member of the Convention to revise the State Constitution, and refused to append his name to the amended instrument, because it restricted suffrage on account of color. In 1838 he was appointed a Canal Commissioner. In 1842 he removed to Lancaster, where he now resides. In 1848 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-First Congress. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Second, Thirty-Sixth, Thirty-Seventh, Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—18, 24, 29, 34, 48, 156, 308, 325, 333, 336, 357, 366, 417, 418, 435, 436, 449, 463, 478, 502, 503, 504, 513, 514, 518, 524, 528, 535, 536, 547, 555, 557, 563, 575.
WILLIAM M. STEWART was born in Wayne County, New York, August 9, 1827, and removed with his father to Ohio in 1835. He entered Yale College in 1848, where he remained eighteen months. He then went to California and spent two years in the mining business. In 1852 he commenced studying law, and was soon after elected District Attorney for the County of Nevada. In 1854 he was appointed to perform the duties of Attorney General of California, and subsequently practiced law in Nevada City and Downieville. In 1860 he removed to that part of Utah territory which is now Nevada, and served in the Territorial Legislature of the following year. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1863. He was soon after elected a United States Senator from the new State of Nevada for the term ending in 1869.—28, 100, 107, 202, 275, 427, 435, 454, 456, 459, 530.
THOMAS N. STILWELL was born in Butler County, Ohio, August 29, 1830. He was educated at Miami University and Farmer's College. He studied law, and, removing to Indiana in 1852, he was admitted to the bar, and practiced until 1855, when he engaged in banking. In 1856 he was a Representative in the Indiana Legislature. He raised a regiment of volunteers for the war, and served some time as Quartermaster. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Indiana to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by John P. C. Shanks. He was appointed by President Johnson United States Minister to Venezuela.—564.
JOHN P. STOCKTON was born in Princeton, New Jersey, August 2, 1825. His father and grandfather were United States Senators, and his great-grandfather was one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He graduated at Princeton College in 1843, and, having studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1849. He was appointed by the Legislature of New Jersey to revise the laws of the State. As reporter in chancery, he published three volumes of Reports, which bear his name. In 1858 he was appointed by President Buchanan Minister Resident to Rome. In 1865 he appeared in Congress as a Senator from New Jersey. The question of his right to the seat underwent long discussion, and at length was decided against him on the 27th of March, 1866.—568.
WILLIAM B. STOKES was born in Chatham County, North Carolina, September 9, 1814. His father was killed by an accident while emigrating to Tennessee in 1818. He enjoyed but few advantages of early education, and devoted himself to agricultural pursuits. In 1849 he was elected a Representative in the Tennessee Legislature, and was re-elected in 1851. He was elected to the State Senate in 1855. In 1859 he was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Sixth Congress. At the close of his Congressional term he took a bold stand and made numerous speeches against secession in Tennessee. In 1862 he recruited and commanded a regiment of cavalry, which saw much hard fighting and did valuable service. At the close of the war he was brevetted Brigadier General. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Tennessee to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was admitted in July, 1866. He was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—480, 536.
MYER STROUSE was born in Germany, December 16, 1825. He came with his father to America in 1832, and settled in Pottsville, Pennsylvania. Having received an academical education, he studied law. From 1848 to 1852 he edited the "North American Farmer," in Philadelphia, and subsequently devoted himself to the practice of law. In 1862 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected in 1864. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Henry L. Cake.—444.
CHARLES SUMNER was born in Boston, January 6, 1811. He graduated at Harvard College in 1830, spent three years in the Cambridge Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1834. For three years he edited the "American Jurist," and was subsequently Reporter of the United States Circuit Court. He published several volumes of Reports, and has devoted much attention to literary pursuits. He published in 1850 two volumes of "Orations;" in 1853 a work on "White Slavery in the Barbary States;" and in 1856 a volume of "Speeches and Addresses." In 1851 he was elected a United States Senator from Massachusetts. In 1856 he was assaulted in the Senate Chamber by Preston S. Brooks, of South Carolina, and so seriously injured that he sought restoration by a temporary absence in Europe. Just before his departure he was elected to the Senate for a second term, and in 1863 was re-elected for a third term ending in 1869.—15, 26, 28, 99, 108, 373, 374, 380, 386, 392, 406, 413, 435, 453, 483, 499, 540, 541, 563, 571.
STEPHEN TABER, whose father, Thomas Taber, was a Member of Congress, was born in Dover, Dutchess County, New York. Having received an academical education, he devoted himself to agriculture in Queens County, on Long Island. In 1860 and 1861 he was elected to the State Legislature. In 1863 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Ninth Congress and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.
NATHANIEL G. TAYLOR was born in Carter County, Tennessee, December 29, 1819, and graduated at Princeton College in 1840. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1843, but subsequently became a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1852 he was a Presidential Elector, and in 1854 was elected a Representative in Congress from Tennessee. In 1865 he was re-elected a Representative in the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was admitted to his seat in July, 1866. R. R. Butler was elected as his successor in the Fortieth Congress.—480.
NELSON TAYLOR was born in South Norwalk, Connecticut, June 8, 1821. He served through the Mexican War as Captain in the First Regiment of New York Volunteers. He subsequently went to California, and was elected a member of the State Senate in 1849. In 1853 he was elected Sheriff of San Joaquin County, California. In 1861 he entered the military service as Colonel of the Seventy-Second Regiment of New York Volunteers, and became a Brigadier General. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is John Morrissey.
M. RUSSELL THAYER was born in Petersburg, Virginia, January 27, 1819, and graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1840. He studied law, and having been admitted to the bar in 1842, he located in Philadelphia. In 1862 he was elected a Representative in the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Caleb N. Taylor—83, 225, 438, 522, 538.
FRANCIS THOMAS was born in Frederick County, Maryland, February 3, 1799. He was educated at St. John's College, Annapolis. He studied law, and was admitted to practice at Frederick in 1820. He was elected to the Maryland Legislature in 1822, 1827, and 1829, when he was chosen Speaker. In 1831 he was elected a Representative in Congress, and served for ten consecutive years. In 1841 he declined a renomination for Congress. In the fall of that year he was elected Governor of Maryland, and served until January, 1845. In 1848 he supported Van Buren and Adams on the Buffalo Anti-Slavery platform. In 1850 he was a member of the Maryland Constitutional Convention. At the breaking out of the Rebellion he raised a brigade of 3,000 volunteers for the military service. In March, 1863, he originated and assisted in securing popular approval of a measure which resulted in the emancipation of all the slaves of Maryland. He was re-elected a Representative from Maryland to the Thirty-Sixth, Thirty-Seventh, Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.
JOHN L. THOMAS, Jr., was born in Baltimore, May 20, 1835, and was educated at the Alleghany County Academy. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1856. He was appointed Solicitor for the City of Baltimore in 1861, and held the office two years. In 1863 he was elected State Attorney for Maryland, and in 1864 he served as a delegate to the State Constitutional Convention. In 1865 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Ninth Congress to fill a vacancy occasioned by the resignation of E. H. Webster. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Stephenson Archer.
ANTHONY THORNTON was born in Bourbon County, Kentucky, November 19, 1814. He graduated at the Miami University, and having studied law, he settled in Illinois. He was a member of the Illinois Constitutional Conventions of 1847 and 1862. In 1850 he was a member of the State Legislature. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Albert G. Burr.—228.
LAWRENCE S. TRIMBLE was born in Fleming, Kentucky, August 26, 1825. He received an academical education, and entered the profession of law. In 1851 and 1852 he was a member of the Kentucky Legislature. From 1856 to 1860 he was Judge of the Equity and Criminal Court of the First Judicial District of the State. He was subsequently for five years President of the New Orleans and Ohio Railroad Company. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Kentucky to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—152, 342, 511.
ROWLAND E. TROWBRIDGE was born in Elmira, New York, June 18, 1821, and when a child removed to Michigan with his parents, who were among the first settlers that penetrated the wilderness back of the old French settlements. He graduated at Kenyon College, and engaged in the business of farming. In 1856 and 1858 he was elected a member of the Michigan Senate. In 1860 he was elected a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-Seventh Congress. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.
LYMAN TRUMBULL was born in Colchester, Connecticut, in 1813. He entered the profession of law, and removed to Illinois. He was a member of the State Legislature in 1840, and was Secretary of State in 1841 and 1842. He was a Justice of the Supreme Court of Illinois from 1848 to 1853. In 1854 he was elected a Representative for Illinois to the Thirty-Fourth Congress, and was soon after elected a Senator in Congress for the term commencing in 1855. He was re-elected in 1861, and again in 1867.—22, 28, 45, 98, 104, 105, 108, 120, 136, 158, 162, 171, 188, 190, 199, 209, 216, 253, 269, 424, 457, 476, 540.
CHARLES UPSON was born in Southington, Hartford County, Connecticut, March 19, 1821. He received an academical education, and at the age of sixteen he commenced teaching school, in which he was employed during the winters of seven years. He attended the law school of Yale College for some time, and in 1845 removed to Michigan. In 1848 he was elected County Clerk, and in 1852 Prosecuting Attorney for St. Joseph County. In 1854 he was elected to the State Senate. In 1860 he was elected Attorney General of Michigan, and declined a renomination. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Michigan to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.
HENRY VAN AERNAM was born in Marcellus, New York, March 11, 1819. After receiving an academical education and graduating at a medical college, he settled as a physician and surgeon in Franklinville, New York. In 1858 he was a member of the State Legislature. In 1862 he entered the army as surgeon of the One Hundred and Fifty-Fourth New York Regiment. He resigned this position in 1864, and was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.
BURT VAN HORN was born in Newfane, Niagara County, New York, October 28, 1823, and was educated at the Madison University. He was elected to the New York Legislature in 1858, and served three terms. In 1860 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Seventh Congress. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.—87, 527.
ROBERT T. VAN HORN was born in Indiana County, Pennsylvania, May 19, 1824. After serving an apprenticeship in a printing-office, he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1849. He subsequently published a newspaper two years in Pomeroy, Ohio. In 1855 he emigrated to Kansas City, Missouri, where he established a newspaper which is now the "Daily Journal of Commerce." In 1861 he was elected Mayor of Kansas City. He was in the military service as Major and Lieutenant-Colonel from 1861 to 1864. He was wounded and taken prisoner at Lexington, Missouri, and after his exchange saw much active service in Tennessee. While still in the army, he was elected a member of the Missouri Senate, and in 1864 he was elected a Representative from Missouri to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.
PETER G. VAN WINKLE was born in the City of New York, September 7, 1808, and removed to Parkersburg, West Virginia, in 1835. He was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850, and of the Wheeling Convention of 1861. He aided in forming the Constitution of West Virginia in 1862. He became a member of the Legislature of that State at its organization, and in November, 1863, he was elected a United States Senator from West Virginia for the term ending in 1869.—194, 459.
DANIEL W. VOORHEES was born in Fountain County, Indiana, September 26, 1828. He graduated at the Indiana Asbury University in 1849, and commenced the practice of law in 1851. He held the office of United States District Attorney for three years, by appointment of President Buchanan. In 1860 he was elected a Representative to Congress from Indiana, and re-elected in 1862. He appeared in December, 1865, as a member of the Thirty-Ninth Congress, but remained only a short time, his seat having been successfully contested by Henry D. Washburn.—568.
BENJAMIN F. WADE was born in Feeding Hills Parish, Massachusetts, October 27, 1800. He received a common-school education, and was employed for some time in teaching. At the age of twenty-one he removed to Ohio and engaged in agriculture. He subsequently studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1828. Thereafter he successively held the offices of Justice of the Peace, Prosecuting Attorney for Ashtabula County, State Senator, and Judge of the Circuit Court. In 1851 he was elected a United States Senator from Ohio, and has been twice re-elected, his third term ending in 1869. In March, 1867, he was elected President, pro tempore, of the Senate, and thus became acting Vice-President of the United States—15, 28, 50, 276, 279, 283, 428, 454, 477, 490, 576.
ANDREW H. WARD is a lawyer by profession, and a resident of Cynthiana, Kentucky. He was a Representative from the Sixth District of Kentucky to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Thomas L. Jones.—509.
HAMILTON WARD was born in Salisbury, New York, July 3, 1829. He worked on a farm until nineteen years of age, and was favored with but few facilities for acquiring education. In 1848 he began the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1851. In 1856 he was elected District Attorney for Alleghany County, and was re-elected in 1862. At an early period of the war he was appointed by the Governor a member of the Senatorial Military Committee, and in that capacity aided in raising several regiments of volunteers for the army. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from New York to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected in 1866.—306, 361.
SAMUEL L. WARNER was born in Wethersfield, Connecticut, in 1829. He received an academical education, and having studied law at the Yale and Harvard Law Schools, was admitted to the bar in 1853. He was soon after appointed Executive Secretary of State. In 1857 he was a member of the Connecticut Legislature. In 1860 he was a delegate and a Secretary of the Baltimore Convention. In 1861 he was elected Mayor of Middletown, and served two terms. In 1865 he was elected a Representative from Connecticut to the Thirty-Ninth Congress. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Julius Hotchkiss.—507.
ELLIHU B. WASHBURN was born in Livermore, Maine, September 23 1816. After serving an apprenticeship in the printing-office of the "Kennebec Journal," he studied law at Harvard University. He subsequently removed to Illinois, and settled in Galena. In 1852 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Thirty-Third Congress. He has been elected to every succeeding Congress including the Fortieth, and has been longer in continuous service than any other member of the House.—30.
HENRY D. WASHBURN was born in Windsor, Vermont, March 28, 1832. In his youth he served one year as an apprentice to the tanner's trade, and subsequently was employed as a school-teacher. In 1853 he graduated at the New York State and National Law School, and settled in Newport, Indiana. In 1854 he was appointed Auditor of Vermillion County, and in 1856 was elected to the same position. In 1861 he raised a company of volunteers, of which he was elected Captain. He was soon after made Lieutenant-Colonel of the Eighteenth Indiana Infantry, and was commissioned Colonel June, 1862. He saw much active service, and was breveted a Major General July 26, 1865. He contested the seat held by D. W. Voorhees as a Representative from Indiana, and was declared by the Committee on Elections to be entitled to the place. He was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.—568.
WILLIAM B. WASHBURN was born in Winchendon, Massachusetts, January 31, 1820. He graduated at Yale College in 1844, and subsequently engaged in the business of manufacturing. In 1850 he was a Senator, and in 1854 a Representative, in the Legislature of Massachusetts. He was subsequently President of Greenfield Bank. In 1862 he was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.
MARTIN WELKER was born in Knox County, Ohio, April 25, 1819. When a farmer's boy and a clerk in a store, he applied himself diligently to study, and without the aid of schools obtained a liberal education. At the age of eighteen he commenced the study of law, and was admitted to the bar in 1840. In 1851 he was elected Judge of the Court of Common Pleas for the Sixth District of Ohio, and served five years. In 1857 he was elected Lieutenant Governor of Ohio, and served one term, declining a renomination. At the beginning of the war he served three months as a staff officer with the rank of Major, and was then appointed Judge Advocate General of the State. In 1862 he was Assistant Adjutant General of Ohio, and Superintendent of the draft. In 1864 he was elected a Representative from Ohio to the Thirty-Ninth Congress and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.
JOHN WENTWORTH, grandson of a member of the Continental Congress of 1778, was born in Sandwich, New Hampshire, March 5, 1815. He graduated at Dartmouth College, and completed a course of legal study in Harvard University. In 1836 he removed to Illinois, and settled in Chicago. He conducted the "Chicago Democrat," as editor and proprietor, for twenty-five years. In 1837 he became a member of the Board of Education, and occupied that position many years. In 1842 he was elected a Representative from Illinois to the Twenty-Eighth Congress, and subsequently served in the Twenty-Ninth, Thirtieth, Thirty-First, and Thirty-Second Congresses. In 1857 and 1860 he was Mayor of Chicago, and was a member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1861. In 1864 a Representative in Congress for his sixth term. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Norman B. Judd. In 1867 the degree of LL.D. was conferred upon him by Dartmouth College.—18, 556, 557.
KELLIAN V. WHALEY was born in Onondaga County, New York, May 6, 1821. When quite young he removed with his father to Ohio, where he was favored with few educational advantages. At the age of twenty-one he settled in Western Virginia, and engaged in the lumber and mercantile business. He was an active opponent of secession in 1860, and as such was elected a Representative in the Thirty-Seventh Congress. He acted as an Aid to Governor Pierpont in organizing regiments, and was in command in the battle of Guandotte, when he was taken prisoner, in November, 1861. He made his escape from his captors, however, and was soon able to take his seat in Congress. He was reëlected to the Thirty-Eighth and Thirty-Ninth Congresses. His successor in the Fortieth Congress is Daniel Polsley.
WAITMAN T. WILLEY was born on Buffalo Creek, Monongalia County, Virginia, October 18, 1811. He graduated at Madison College in 1831, and was admitted to the bar. From 1841 to 1855 he was Clerk of the Courts of Monongalia County and the Judicial Circuit. He was a member of the Virginia Constitutional Convention of 1850. He was a delegate to the Richmond Convention held in the winter of 1860-61. In 1861 he was a member of the Wheeling Constitutional Convention. In 1863 he was elected a Senator in Congress from West Virginia, and has since been re-elected for the term commencing in 1865 and ending in 1871. In 1863 he received the degree of LL.D. from Alleghany College of Pennsylvania.—458, 485, 486, 496.
GEORGE H. WILLIAMS was born in Columbia County, New York, March 23, 1823. He received an academical education, and studied law. Immediately after being admitted to the bar in 1844 he removed to Iowa. In 1847 he was elected Judge of the First Judicial District of Iowa. In 1852 he was a Presidential Elector. In 1853 he was appointed by President Pierce Chief Justice of the Territory of Oregon, and was re-appointed by President Buchanan in 1857. He was a member of the Convention which framed the Constitution of Oregon. In 1864 he was elected a United States Senator from Oregon for the term ending in 1871.—393, 488, 516, 517, 529, 531, 539, 540, 559.
THOMAS WILLIAMS was born in Greensburg, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, August 28, 1806. He graduated at Dickinson College in 1825, and studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1828, and settled in Pittsburg. From 1838 to 1841 he was member of the State Senate. In 1860 he was a Representative in the State Legislature. In 1862 he was elected a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Eighth Congress. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and Fortieth Congresses.
HENRY WILSON was born in Farmington, New Hampshire, February 16, 1812. His parents were in very humble circumstances, and at ten years of age he was apprenticed to a farmer till he was twenty-one. On attaining his majority, he went to Natick, Massachusetts, where he learned the trade of shoemaking, and worked at the business nearly three years. He then secured an academical education, and, after teaching school a short time, engaged in shoe-manufacturing, which he continued for several years. In 1841 and 1842 he was a Senator, and in 1844, 1845, 1856, and 1850, a Representative, in the Legislature of Massachusetts. In 1851 and 1852 he was re-elected a member of the State Senate, of which he was President. In 1855 he was elected a United States Senator from Massachusetts to succeed Edward Everett, and in 1859 was re-elected for the full term. In the recess of Congress in the summer of 1861, he raised the Twenty-Second Regiment of Massachusetts Volunteers, of which he was commissioned Colonel. He subsequently served on General McClellan's staff, until the meeting of Congress in December. During the war he occupied the arduous and responsible position in the Senate of Chairman of the Committee of Military Affairs. At the opening of the Thirty-Ninth Congress he entered upon his third Senatorial term, which will end in 1871.—15, 95, 97, 101, 135, 214, 402, 410, 431, 435, 437, 487, 491, 498, 530, 531, 532.
JAMES F. WILSON was born in Newark, Ohio, October 19, 1828. He entered upon the profession of law, and removed to Iowa in 1853. In 1856 he was elected a member of the Iowa Constitutional Convention. In 1857 he was elected a Representative, and in 1859 a Senator, in the State Legislature. In 1861 he was President of the Iowa Senate. In that year he was elected a Representative from Iowa to fill a vacancy in the Thirty-Seventh Congress. He was re-elected to the Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—31, 51, 230, 237, 239, 288, 294, 325, 536.
STEPHEN F. WILSON was born at Columbia, Pennsylvania, September 4, 1821. He received his education at Wellsboro' Academy, where he subsequently engaged for a short time in teaching. He finally became a lawyer, and was, in 1863, elected a State Senator. In 1864 he was chosen a Representative from Pennsylvania to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was re-elected to the Fortieth Congress.
WILLIAM WINDOM was born in Belmont County, Ohio, May 10, 1827. He received an academical education, and studied law. He was admitted to the bar in 1850, and was soon after elected Prosecuting Attorney for Knox County, Ohio. In 1853 he removed to Minnesota, and settled in Winona. In 1858 he was elected a Representative from Minnesota to the Thirty-Sixth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Seventh, Thirty-Eighth, Thirty-Ninth, and Fortieth Congresses.—229.
CHARLES H. WINFIELD was born in Orange County, New York, April 22, 1822. He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1846. From 1850 to 1856 he was District Attorney for Orange County. He was elected a Representative to the Thirty-Eighth Congress from New York, and was in 1864 re-elected for a second term. He was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by Charles H. Van Wyck.—20, 515.
FREDERICK E. WOODBRIDGE was born in Vergennes, Vermont, August 29,
1818. He graduated at the University of Vermont in 1840, and was
admitted to the bar in 1842. He served three years as a
Representative, and two years as a Senator, in the Vermont
Legislature. He subsequently served three years as Auditor of State.
In 1863 he was elected a Representative from Vermont to the
Thirty-Eighth Congress, and was re-elected to the Thirty-Ninth and
Fortieth Congresses.
EDWIN R. V. WRIGHT was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, January 2, 1812. He learned the trade of a printer, and in 1835 edited and published the "Jersey Blue." He studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1839. He was elected to the State Senate in 1843. He subsequently held for five years the office of District Attorney for Hudson County. In 1859 he was the Democratic Candidate for Governor of New Jersey, and was defeated by a small majority. He was elected a Representative from New Jersey to the Thirty-Ninth Congress, and was succeeded in the Fortieth Congress by George A. Halsey.—363.
WILLIAM WRIGHT was born in Clarkstown, Rockland County, New York, in 1791. In 1823 he removed to Newark, New Jersey, and held the office of Mayor of that city for a number of years. He was a Representative in Congress four years, commencing in 1843. In 1853 he was elected United States Senator for the term ending in 1859. In 1863 he was again elected to the Senate for the term ending in 1869. He died before the expiration of the term for which he was elected.—276, 569.
RICHARD YATES was born in Warsaw, Kentucky, in 1818. Having studied one year at the Miami University, Ohio, he removed to Illinois, and graduated at Illinois College in 1838. He studied at the Law School of Lexington, Kentucky, and having been admitted to the bar, he settled in Jacksonville, Illinois. In 1842 he was elected to the State Legislature, and served until 1850. In 1851 he was elected a Representative in Congress from Illinois, and served two terms. He was subsequently President of a railroad for several years. In 1861 he was elected Governor of Illinois for the term of four years. During his administration, 258,000 troops were raised in Illinois and sent to the field. He was not only active in his State in promoting the success of the national cause, but he frequently encouraged the regiments of Illinois by his presence with them in the camp and on the field. In 1865 he was elected a Senator in Congress from Illinois for the term ending in 1871.—28, 272, 398, 400, 461, 462, 484, 491.
ANALYTICAL INDEX
ABANDONED Lands, restored to rebel owners, 143.
ADAMS, J. Q., Expenses of his Administration, 111.
ADMISSION of Southern Representatives proposed, 279.
AGRICULTURE, Senate Committee on, 27, 31.
ALABAMA, Black Code of, 146.
ALHAMBRA, the betrayal of, 65.
ALLEGIANCE and Protection reciprocal, 257.
AMALGAMATION, not an effect of Negro Suffrage, 75.
AMENDMENT, Constitutional, effect of, 196; confers Civil Rights, 210; the Civil Rights Bill, a sequel to, 225; a warrant for the Civil Rights Bill, 229; confers citizenship, 273.
AMENDMENT, Constitutional, of Basis of Representation, 324;
explained by Mr. Stevens, 325;
failure in passage, 416.
AMENDMENT, Constitutional, for Negro Suffrage proposed, 377;
advocated, 387;
voted down, 415.
AMENDMENT, Constitutional, for Reconstruction, proposed, 435; final passage, 463; ratified by numerous legislatures, 505; then and now, 512.
AMENDMENTS, Constitutional, needed, 312.
AMENDMENT to Freedmen's Bureau Bill, proposed by Mr. Cowan, 136; rejected, 136; to title of the bill, 136; proposed in the Senate, 296.
AMENDMENT to Civil Rights Bill by Mr. Hendricks, 218; by Mr. Saulsbury, 219.
AMENDMENT, the power of, exhausted, 349.
AMENDMENTS, a complicity of, 363.
AMENDMENT, a crablike, 375.
AMERICAN Citizenship, what it amounts to, 257.
ANCIENT Governments, exceptional in their liberty, 206.
ANDERSONVILLE, rebel atrocities at, 101.
ANTHRACITE not suitable material for a Corinthian column, 56.
APPEAL of Mr. Saulsbury, 534.
APPEAL to the people against Freedmen's Bureau Bill, 152.
APPROPRIATION, the Committee on, 29.
ARMY, bill to fix the peace footing of, 553.
ART, in the capital, 571.
ASSAULT upon Mr. Grinnell by Mr. Rousseau, 573.
ATTORNEY General on the trial of Jefferson Davis, 123.
"AUTHORITY and Power" of the Government, distinction between, 445.
BALLOT-BOX to be purified by the angel element, 487, 492; a high court of errors, 497.
BALLOT, the negro's best protection, 162; the great guarantee, 376; the source of safety for the freedman—eloquent extract, 399; dangerous in the hands of the ignorant, 497.
BANCROFT, his eulogy on President Lincoln, 570.
BANKING and Currency, Committee on, 30.
BANKRUPTCY, Committee on, 31.
BANKRUPT LAW, its difference from former acts, 554.
BANNER of Freedom, and the banner of the Democracy, 80.
BARABBAS and the Saviour, 380.
BASIS of Representation, necessity of changing the, 312; proposed amendment of, 324; explained, 325; involves taxation without representation, 326; effects Negro Suffrage, 327; reasons which commend it, 331; bearing on the various States, 332; would allow property qualification, 332; amendment proposed by Mr. Orth, 337; how settled in 1787, 338; its rejection predicted, 338; how its provisions may be avoided, 339; construed as an attack on the President, 343; facts and figures concerning, 344; objections, 346, 347; great opposition to the proposition, 350; its injustice to the African, 352; benefit to the Republican party only, 362; multiplicity of amendments, 363; passage in the House, 371; before the Senate, 374; "not an improvement," 375; what it will accomplish, 381; colored men against it, 392; a party measure, 395; summary of objections, 402; an "abortion," 406; ten objections, 407; good effects of, 411; failure to pass the Senate, 416; regret of Mr. Stevens at its death, 436.
BENEVOLENT features of the Freedmen's Bureau, 179.
BERKELEY'S Metaphysics, 310.
BIRTH confers citizenship, 305.
BLAINE'S Amendment, 527;
combined with Bingham's, 528;
proposed in the Senate, 529.
BLACK-LAWS of Southern States, substance of, 147;
Mississippi and South Carolina, 191;
recently passed, 214.
BLACK skin a badge of loyalty, 53.
BLOOD asked for, 396;
Chandler's explanation, 397.
BOUNTY, additional, bill to grant, 552.
BOYHOOD of Mr. Saulsbury, 193.
"BREAD and Butter Brigade," 521.
BROWNLOW, Governor, his proclamation, 473; his despatch to the Secretary of War, 475; his loyalty and firmness, 480.
BROWN, Senator, of Mississippi, his opposition to the education
of the blacks, 388.
BUCHANAN, President, his veto of the Homestead bill, 255;
his views of secession, 442.
"BY-PLAY" of the Rebel States with Secretary Seward, 313.
CAPITOL, the, character and situation of, 571.
CASPAR HAUSERS, four millions of, 329.
CATO on the Immortality of the Soul, 377.
CAUCASIANS, none save, have become citizens, 199.
CELTIC race distinct from ours, 360.
CENSURE of Mr. Hunter, 515; of Mr. Chanler, 571.
CENTRALIZATION deprecated, 229, 237, 266.
CHAIRMANSHIP of Committees, New England's preponderance in, 401.
CHARITIES not to be given by Congress,148.
CHEROKEES naturalized, 233.
CHICAGO Convention of 1860, its doctrine, 60.
CHILDREN rescued from the burning house, 390.
CHINESE, Civil Rights Bill makes, citizens, 246, 255.
CHOCTAW Indians naturalized, 233.
CHURCHES, colored, in the District of Columbia, 59.
CITIZENSHIP conferred upon the people of Texas, 199.
CITIZENSHIP conferred by U. S. Government, 239; includes State citizenship, 253; does not confer State citizenship, 271.
CITIZEN, what constitutes a, 201.
CIVIL Rights denied to negroes in Indiana, 117,131; all departments of the Government designed to secure, 221; denial of makes men slaves, 224.
CIVIL Rights Bill foreshadowed, 98; introduced, 188; its provisions, 189; necessity for it, 190; a dangerous measure, 192; object of it, 210; odious military features, 211; opposed, 216; explained and defended, 217; have been in the law thirty years, 218; bill passes in the Senate, 219; before the House, 220; recommitted, 233; its beneficence towards Southern rebels, 233; interferes with State rights, 222, 236; amendment proposed by Mr. Bingham, 237; rejected, 242; argued as unconstitutional, 237, reply, 239; passes the House, 243; odious title proposed, 243; as amended, passes the Senate, 244; vetoed by the President, 246; veto answered, 253; passes over the veto, 288, 289; the form in which it became a law, 290; propriety of placing it in the Constitution, 438.
COLFAX, Schuyler, elected Speaker of the House, 20;
vote of thanks to, 576.
COLLOQUY between Chanler and Bingham, 67;
Davis and Trumbull, 136, 199;
Clark and Davis, 201;
Brooks and Stevens, 336;
Higby and Hill, 356;
Dixon and Trumbull, 424;
Doolittle, Nye, and Lane, 457;
Ashley, Conkling, and Stevens, 513;
Doolittle and Wilson, 531;
on specie payments, Stevens, Wentworth, and Garfield, 556.
COLLAR the President's, charge of wearing repelled, 284.
COLOR of a citizen not inquired into in our early history, 51; should not be regarded in our laws, 53; indefiniteness of the term, 360.
COLORADO, reason of the non-admission of, 559.
COMMERCE, Committee on, 27, 30.
COMMISSIONER of Freedmen's Bureau, 140.
COMMITTEES, the importance of, in legislation, 25; difficulty of selecting, 26.
COMMITTEE on Reconstruction, 49; report of, 466; difficulty of obtaining information by, 467; conclusion of, 471.
COMPOUND Interest Notes, attempt to redeem, 558.
COMPROMISE of Moral Principles opposed, 374.
CONCERT of action desired, 37.
CONFEDERATION, the old, and the Constitution, 316.
CONFISCATION discarded by civilized nations, 320.
CONGRESS, no danger to be feared from usurpation by, 501; as described by President Johnson, 561; salutary effect of vetoes upon, 563.
CONNECTICUT, the voice of on negro suffrage, 394.
CONSERVATISM the worst word in the language, 101.
CONSERVATIVES represented by Mr. Raymond, 314.
CONSTITUTIONAL Amendment, what laws may be passed under, 118.
CONSTITUTIONAL Amendments, how they should be made; advice of
Mr. Saulsbury, 405.
CONSTITUTIONAL Amendments in the interests of slavery once
popular, 405.
CONSTITUTIONAL Authority of the President and General Grant, 124.
CONSTITUTIONAL Convention of 1787, 338.
CONSTITUTION, the, powers it confers, 122; violation of, an oft-repeated argument, 149; to be destroyed by the Freedmen's Bureau Bill, 148; unreconcilable with military rule, 176; caused to bleed, 193; does not exclude negroes from citizenship, 203; against State Sovereignty, 319; more liberal before the Rebellion, 327; may be legally amended, 357; as estimated by its makers, 278; not necessary to re-enact it, 380.
CONTRAST between whites and blacks under Kentucky law, 154.
COTTON, export duty on proposed, 312.
"COUNTER PROPOSITION" by Mr. Sumner, 373, 379, 382; rejected, 415.
COURTESY of Senator Wade, as described by Mr. McDougall, 282.
COWAN, Edgar, his radicalism, 489; his seriousness, 490.
DAVIS, Garrett, his programme for the President, 430, 432; struck "dumb," 209; his ability to "hang on," 533.
DAVIS, Jefferson, why not tried, 123; acted "under color of law," 260; not a traitor if rebel States are treated as foreign powers, 317; his proclamation, 480.
DEAD STATES described, 308; impossible, 316.
DEATH-KNELL of Liberty: passage of Reconstruction Bill, 547.
DEATHS of Senators, 569; of Representatives, 570.
DEBATES of the Senate and House, difference, 452.
DEBATE, right of in the Senate, 38.
DEBT, accumulated burden of the public, 147; rebel, how inherited by the United States, 317; must be repudiated, 319.
DEFEAT, the lesson of, 416.
DEFIANCE of the majority by Garrett Davis, 244.
DEFILEMENT of the Constitution, 407; answer to the charge, 410.
DELAWARE, the last slaveholding State, 127.
DELAY needful, 382.
DELAYS of the Senate, protest against, 394; benefits of, 453.
DESPOTISM, establishment of, in the South, 531.
DEMOCRACY, leader of the, confusion concerning, 306.
DEMOCRATIC ascendency, dangers attending, 312.
DEMOCRATIC party against the Government, 399; policy of, traversed, 442.
DEMOCRATS, their new discovery, 358; how they caused the passage of the Reconstruction Amendment, 451; hunting up negro voters, 498.
DEVELOPMENT always slow, 64.
DISFRANCHISEMENT of negroes by whites, 365, 376; opposed, 387; of rebels advocated, 443.
DISSOLUTION of the Union in the passage of the Freedmen's Bureau
Bill, 160.
DISUNION, threat of, 161.
DISTRICT of Columbia, Committee on, 28; under the special care of Congress, 50; number and character of rebels in, 77.
DISTRICT of Columbia, bill to extend suffrage in, introduced, 51;
motion to postpone, 82;
amendments proposed, 82;
and rejected, 93;
passage in the House, 93;
called up in the Senate, 483;
reason for its occupying so much attention, 485;
why it was not passed before, 491;
its passage, 499;
veto, 500;
passage over the veto, 501;
why it was so long deferred, 564, 565.
DOG, injustice to a, 509.
DOOLITTLE, his position on the Civil Rights Bill, 285; "a fortunate politician," 459; the savior of his party, 469.
DREAM of Thaddeus Stevens vanished, 463.
DRED Scott Decision against civil rights, 198, 264.
DU PONT, Admiral, his mention of the negro pilot, 71.
EARTHQUAKE predicted, 447.
EDUCATION, the Committee on, 30.
EDUCATION of Freedmen, provision for, 145
EDUCATION, an uncertain test, 62; should be made a test, 63; of colored children, a scene in the old Senate, 389; Bureau of, 553.
EDUCATOR, the best, the ballot is, 399.
ELECTIVE franchise, a means of elevation, 57;
the only proper test for its exercise, 61;
its abridgment not authorized by the Amendment of
Representation, 358;
the President's view of his power over, 562.
EMANCIPATION, its effect upon rights, 328.
ENFRANCHISEMENT to be a gradual work, 354; how to bring about, 411; not disfranchisement, the question in reconstruction, 506.
ENGLAND, her paper money and specie payments, 556.
EPOCH in the history of the country, 204.
EQUALITY, political, a "fiendish doctrine," 61.
EQUALITY does not exist, 195.
EQUAL Rights, the blessings of, 377.
EXCITEMENT, the Senate not unfitted for business by, 421.
EXCLUSION from citizenship, a right, 195.
EXECUTIVE obstruction, of Congress, 560.
EXECUTIVE patronage, evils of, 559.
EXPENSE of Freedmen's Bureau, 110; objections to answered, 128; for one year, 145, 147, 100; as presented by the President, 180.
EXPULSION of Garrett Davis prayed for, 572.
FEMALE Suffrage advocated, 487.
FEMALES not a political element, 345.
FINANCE, the Committee on, 27; the subject of, 555.
FISKE, General, his statement, 182.
FLAG, the American, 40.
FLOWERS of rhetoric, from a Senator's speech, 413.
FOOT, Solomon his death, 569.
FOREIGN MINISTERS, penalty for proceeding against, 259, 267, 270.
FOREIGN population, their representatives in Congress, 369, 379.
FOREIGN Relations, Chairman of Committee on, 26.
FOREIGNERS not discriminated against in the Civil Rights Bill, 254.
FOSTER, L. S., as President of the Senate, 23; retirement from the office, 576.
FREEDMEN, their necessities and numbers, 95; Committee on, 31, 95; Senator Wilson's bill to protect, 95; objections to, 98; laid over, 103.
FREEDMEN'S BUREAU, a bill to enlarge introduced in the Senate, 105; its provisions, 105; its expense, 111; its military feature, 112; for the negro, against the white man, 119; not designed to be permanent, 121; establishment of schools, 130; passes the Senate, 136; brought up in the House, 138; passage, 157; "a dissolution of the Union," 160; its bounty to the whites, 163; veto of, 164.
FREEDMEN'S BUREAU BILL, the second reported, its provisions, 295; passage in the House, 295; in the Senate, 296; form as it became a law, 298; veto of, 302; passage over the veto, 306; the bill and the veto, 563.
FREEDOM elevates the colored race, 85.
FRIENDSHIP for the negro, Mr. Cowan's, 135.
FUGITIVE SLAVE LAW, its provisions employed in the Civil Rights
Bill, 190, 192;
its re-enactment in the Civil Rights Bill opposed, 212;
and advocated, 213;
used for a good end, 216.
GARBLING, an example of, 572.
GENERAL Government supreme to confer citizenship, 239.
GENEROSITY towards rebels, McDougall's illustrated, 461.
GEORGIA, her avoidance of the Civil Rights Bill, 275; possessory titles of freedmen to lands in, 108.
GERMAN woman, a slave, 349.
GOVERNMENT, all departments of the, designed to secure civil rights, 221.
GOVERNMENT, the need of the South, 516.
GRANT, General, on the Freedmen's Bureau, 119; his order to protect officers from civil prosecution, 123; his order setting aside black laws, 215; his report, 563.
GREATNESS of America, 360.
GROUND-SWELL, danger of, after the war, 62.
GYPSIES, their birth and citizenship, 246, 255.
HABEAS Corpus, restored to loyal States, 123; its suspension an evidence that the war had not closed, 177.
HAPPINESS of statesmen who died before recent legislation, 194.
HAYTI, her blow for liberty, 69.
HIGHWAYMAN, his weapons restored, 122.
HOMES for Freedmen, the purchase of, 115.
HOMESTEAD Bill, Southern, 553.
HOUSE of Representatives, scene at the opening of, 16.
HOWARD, General, placed at the head of the Freedmen's Bureau, 139; his operations, 142.
HUNGARY, why revolutionary, 383.
IGNORANCE among colored people rapidly disappearing, 54; the nation chargeable with, 62; in the South, 146.
IMPEACHMENT proposed, 566;
report of Committee on, 567.
INDIANA, negro suffrage not necessary in as in the South, 77;
liable to be placed under the jurisdiction of Freedmen's Bureau, 110;
military rule in, 112;
civil-rights denied to negroes in, 117;
marriage in, 131;
not in rebellion, 125.
INDIANA and Massachusetts, prejudice against color and against
ignorance, 337.
INDIANS, appropriations voted to feed and clothe, 120; excluded from civil rights, 201; becoming extinct, 410.
INDICTMENT substituted for Writ of Error, 274.
INDIVIDUALS, not States, commit treason, and are punished, 316.
INDUSTRIAL interests promoted by negro suffrage, 494.
INTELLIGENCE should be required of the negro voter, 73, 81.
IOWA, zeal and patriotism of her colored people, 73; vote on negro suffrage in, 74.
IRELAND, cause of her troubles, 383.
JAMAICA, insurrection in, cause of, 75.
JEFFERSON as quoted by President Johnson, 500.
JESUS CHRIST, the spirit of, 223, 224.
JOHNSON, Andrew, becomes President, 13; his amnesty proclamation, 14; how the odium against would be shared by Congress, 519; "the late lamented Governor," 437.
JOHNSON, Senator, Andrew, his reply to Buchanan's veto, 255, 264.
JOHNSON, Doctor, and the leg of mutton, 406.
"JOHNSONIAN, new converts," 439.
JUDICIAL authority under Freedmen's Bureau, 130.
JUDICIAL Department, the only hope, 512.
JUDICIARY Committee of the Senate described, 28; of the House, 31; subjects properly referred to it, 38; report on impeachment, 567.
JURY Trial not given under martial law, 175.
JUSTICE should be done to white and black, 119.
KANSAS, her protest against the denial of rights, 89;
in 1856, 90;
surrendered to the machinations of slave masters, 99.
KENTUCKY, Union party in, 152; necessity for Freedmen's Bureau in, advocated and opposed, 134; members from, their opposition to the Freedmen's Bureau, 149; her opposition to the Government, 153; laws of, relating to whites and blacks, 154; during the war, 211; will submit, 343; the United States, an appendage to, 362.
KILLING an official, opinion as to when it should be done, 151.
"KING can do no wrong," a bad maxim, 260.
KOH-I-NOOR of blackness, 407.
LADIES, their supposed opinions on female suffrage, 492.
LAERTES, his language endorsed, 529.
LANDS not taken from owners by Freedmen's Bureau, 182.
LANE, James H., his suicide, 569.
LAW, "under color of," explained, 258, 260.
LAWS in Kentucky for whites and blacks, 211.
LAWYER "abating the statesman," 208.
LEADER, of the democracy, confusion concerning, 306; of the House, 575.
LEE acted "under color of law," 260.
LEGISLATURE of Tennessee, Constitutional Amendment in, 473.
LEGISLATURES do not constitute States, 327.
LEGISLATIVE power, danger of its abuse, 500.
LIGHT from the House not needed in the Senate, 44.
LINCOLN, Abraham, his assassination, 13; how he closed a chasm, 230; his language, 323; his death "no loss to the South," 562; celebration of his birthday, 570.
LION, the prostrate, 71.
LOAN Bill, the, 558.
LOYALISTS, Southern, never lost their right of representation, 427.
LOYALTY impossible if States are foreign powers, 317.
"MALE," the word should not be placed in the Constitution, 370.
MANHOOD of the negro race recognized, 91.
MANUFACTURERS, Senate Committee on, 27; House, 31.
MARIUS upon the ruins of Carthage, 287.
MARSHALL, Chief Justice, decision pronounced by, 253.
MARYLAND, necessity for Freedmen's Bureau in, 135.
MASSACHUSETTS, her law of suffrage, 63; her character, 74; her example not to be quoted, 92; crimes are perpetrated in, 97; prejudice against ignorance in, 336; Senator Sumner advised to leave, 336.
MAYOR of Washington, his remonstrance against negro suffrage, 486.
MCCLELLAN'S proclamation against the slaves, 67.
MCCULLOCH, circumstances under which he should receive great credit, 558.
MCDOUGALL, his habits and talents, 277.
MCPHERSON, Edward, Clerk of the House, 16; his conduct in the organization, 17; strictures on, 431.
MEMORIAL from colored men, 393.
METAPHYSICAL argument for female suffrage, 493.
MILITARY affairs, Committee on, 31.
MILITARY feature of the Civil Rights Bill opposed, 216; explained and defended, 217; has been the law 30 years, 218; nothing unusual, 225.
MILITARY governments in the South, colloquy concerning, 530.
MILITARY protection of Freedmen's Bureau opposed, 112; explained and advocated, 126, 172.
MILITARY Reconstruction Bill, discussion of a previous proposition, 502; the measure proposed, 516; its form, 517; explained, 518; danger in not providing for civil governments, 523; a police bill only, 528; Blaine's amendment of, 527; passes the House, 529; Sherman's amendment, 534; passes the Senate, 535; amended in the House, 541; final passage, 524; vetoed; passes over the veto, 547, 548; final form, 548.
MILITARY should not supersede civil authority, 524.
MILL, John Stuart, in favor of female suffrage, 488.
MISSISSIPPI, black code of, 146; distinctions in against blacks, 191; numbers of whites and negroes in, 334.
MISSOURI injured by making voters the basis of representation, 366.
MONOPOLY, Southern, of human rights, 376.
MONTGOMERY Convention committed treason "under color of law," 261.
MURDER, being unlawful, can not be committed, 310;
answer, 315.
NAME, ability to read and write the, as a qualification for
voting, 496.
NAPOLEON not liable to execution if taken in war, 317.
NATIVE-BORN persons not subjects for naturalization, 200, 201;
the position opposed, 203;
advocated, 208.
NATURALIZATION Act as constituted by Congress, 203;
may be changed, 204;
its nature, 232.
NATURALIZATION of races, authorities, instances, 233, 238, 254.
NEBRASKA admitted into the Union, 559.
NEGRO brigade, charge of at Port Hudson, 71.
NEGRO, Cuvier's definition of, enlarged, 484.
NEGRO competition not to be feared, 229.
NEGRO equality does not exist in nature, 144.
NEGRO race, a mine or a buttress, 86; dying out, 408; answer, 409.
NEGROES have no history of civilization, 55; content with their situation, 55; their wealth in Washington, 58; should have citizenship, but not suffrage, 63; their inferiority, 67; became soldiers under discouraging circumstances, 70; their property and patriotism, 71; of Iowa, their patriotism, 73; danger in the influence of politicians over, 79; elevated by freedom, 85; their manhood recognized, 91; laws against them in the South, 147; prejudice against in the South, 161; citizens before the Constitution in North Carolina, 200; in New Hampshire, 201; allowed to compete for the Presidency, 222, 229; our allies, should not be deserted, 234; their services in the war, and subsequent wrongs, 282; competent to vote, 387; eligible to the highest offices, 387; their heroic deeds, 391; their enfranchisement should be gradual, 393; enormities practiced against, 504.
NEGRO suffrage, evil effects of, 60; would humble the white laborer, 65; chronology of in several States, 73; a necessity for the South, 76; retributive justice to rebels, 77; best obtained by indirect means, 412; history of the legislation for, 483; course of Mr. Yates on, 484; passage over the veto, 501.
NEUTRALITY in Kentucky, 152.
NEW ENGLAND, undue preponderance of in the Senate, 401;
answer, 403;
her happiness in not being despised, 413.
NEW ENGLAND Senators not silent during the war, 402.
NEW HAMPSHIRE, negroes citizens in, 201.
NEW YORK and Mississippi, inequality in their representation, 329; not affected by change in the basis of representation, 332.
NEW YORK Times, editorial in the, 444.
NORTH CAROLINA, negroes citizens in before the Constitution, 200; legislation of, concerning white slaves, 349.
NORTH and South, statesmen of the, 384.
NORTH, the political, what constitutes, 57.
OBJECT of the war, 44.
OFFICE, ineligibility to, as a punishment, 458.
OLIGARCHY, the power of, should be ended, 350.
PACIFIC Railroad, Committee on, 30.
PAINS and penalties of not holding office, 458.
PANEGYRIC on Union and rebel dead, 364; answered, 370.
PARLIAMENT and the King, 477.
PARTISAN controversy, 442.
PARTY for enfranchisement, how to be raised up, 411.
PARTY man, Mr. Hendricks not suspected to be, 412.
PATENT medicine in the Senate, 162.
PATTERSON, Senator of Tennessee, case of, 478;
admitted to a seat, 482.
PENALTY essential to effectiveness of law, 259;
is not permission, 414.
PENNSYLVANIA does not need the Freedmen's Bureau, 133;
against negro citizenship, 195.
PEOPLE, "the sacred," constitute the States, 327;
their verdict for Congress, 564.
PERRY, Governor, his disloyalty, 562.
PERSIAN Mythology—Gods of Light and Darkness, 277.
PHYSICAL endurance, a question of, 419.
POLICY of Congress shown in legislation for the District of
Columbia, 50;
of the President, 423.
POLITICAL existence alone entitles to representation, 330; faith maintained in "the worst of times." 532; rights not conferred by Civil Rights Bill, 256; society in the South must be changed, 445.
PRECIPITATE action deprecated, 382.
PREJUDICE of the Southern people against the negro, 161.
PRESENT time contrasted with 1787, 338.
PRESIDENT'S right to say who constitute Congress, 431.