| PAGE. | |
| Absorption of water, | 49 |
| Adkins & Co., charcoal filter plates, | 31 |
| Alum, use of, | 31 |
| Altitudes of Ohio, | 97-99, 102, 109, 121 |
| Analyses of filtering materials, | 31, 32 |
| Analysis of water—Methods of, | 8, 10 |
| Sanitary value, | 11 |
| Surface water, | 48 |
| Tables of, | 9, 10, 117 |
| Well water, | 40, 104, 109 |
| Aqueducts, date of, | 56 |
| Description of, | 53 |
| Examples of, | 5, 26, 53, 71, 74, 88, 90 |
| Roman aqueducts, | 5 |
| System of, | 53 |
| Aeration, effect of, | 15, 16, 20 |
| Methods of, | 33, 34 |
| Value of, | 33 |
| Arsenic in water, | 25 |
| Artesian Wells—Analysis of, | 109 |
| Boring and cost of, | 107 |
| At Cincinnati, | 106 |
| Description of, | 40, 42, 43, 107 |
| Examples of, | 42, 43, 90 |
| Laws of, | 40 |
| Temperature of, | 42 |
| Baltimore—Aqueduct of, | 55 |
| Dams of, | 58 |
| History of, | 72 |
| Water rates, | 126, 127 |
| Berlin—History of water-works, | 85 |
| Meter rates, | 127 |
| Bombay—History of water-works, | 91 |
| Bonded indebtedness water-works, | 73, 74, 77, 79 |
| Borax, use of, | 31 |
| Boston—Aqueduct of, | 54, 55 |
| Dams of, | 58 |
| History of water-works, | 70 |
| Pollution of water, | 25 |
| Protection of water, | 118 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Broad Street pump, London, deaths from, | 14 |
| Buffalo—History of water-works, | 73 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Carbide of Iron, value of, | 31 |
| Carbonates in water, | 24 |
| Cast-Iron water pipes, | 128 |
| Charcoal, value of, | 31 |
| Chicago—His. of water supply, | 26, 70 |
| Pumping engines, cost of, | 67 |
| Tunnels, description of, | 55 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Cholera caused by impure water, | 12, 118 |
| Cincinnati—Altitude of, | 109, 110, 114, 121 |
| Anticlinal, | 97 |
| Aeration of water, | 34 |
| Cost of engines, | 64, 67 |
| Duty of engines, | 62 |
| Gravity supply, water-sheds, | 109 |
| Hardness of water, | 115 |
| History of water-works, | 77 |
| Kirkwood’s survey, | 113 |
| Markley Farm, | 120 |
| Moore’s survey, | 124 |
| Newport plan, | 125 |
| Pollution of supply, | 119, 121 |
| Protection of supply, | 124 |
| Scowden’s survey, | 120 |
| Riparian rights of, | 111 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Well-water supply, | 102, 106 |
| Clark’s system, | 34, 35 |
| Cleaning water-pipes, | 128 |
| Cleveland—History of water supply, | 26, 76 |
| Component parts of water, | 7 |
| Concretions in water pipe, | 128 |
| Conduits—See aqueducts. | |
| Construction of water-works, | 114, 125 |
| Consumption of water, | 131 |
| Cost of water-works—See historical account, | 68 |
| Cornish engines, | 61, 62, 69, 75, 83 |
| Covered reservoirs, | 34, 83, 91 |
| Croton aqueduct, | 53 |
| Dams, | 56, 57, 58, 71, 76, 83, 93 |
| Dayton (Ky.) sand-beach, | 115 |
| Deposition of water, | 18, 24 |
| Detroit—New supply, | 26 |
| Dilution of water, | 18, 20 |
| Dividends of Water Companies, | 76, 85, 128 |
| Dresden—History of water supply, | 89 |
| Dublin—Aqueduct of, | 54 |
| Dams of, | 57 |
| History of water supply, | 84 |
| Water rates, | 127 |
| Duty, tables of, | 61, 62 |
| Fuel expense, | 67 |
| Term of, | 61 |
| Edinburgh—History of water supply, | 84 |
| Engines for pumping water, | 61, 62, 64, 67, 81 |
| Evaporation, tables of, etc, | 49, 52, 90 |
| Filtration of water, | 29, 32, 80, 82, 84, 85, 86, 89, 90, 114 |
| Frankfort-on-the-Main—History of water supply, | 88 |
| Friction in water pipes, | 129 |
| Genoa (Italy), filtering gallery, | 28 |
| Geology—Structure of, for gravity supply, | 50 |
| Geology of Ohio, | 93 |
| Glasgow—Aqueduct of, | 53 |
| Cholera epidemics, | 13 |
| Filtering gallery, | 28 |
| History of water supply, | 83 |
| Value of its soft water, | 35 |
| Gravitation—Cost of, | 58, 125 |
| Geological structure, | 50 |
| Examples of, see Chapter V, | 68 |
| Objectionable sites, | 50 |
| Points on, | 50 |
| Short supply, | 49 |
| Surface water, | 48 |
| System of supply, | 47 |
| Water-shed resources, | 49, 51, 84, 85 |
| Vegetable impurities, | 26 |
| Great Miami River, | 110, 116 |
| Grenelle well, | 42 |
| Hamburg—History of, | 88 |
| Water rates, | 127 |
| Hardness of water, | 24, 34, 35, 115, 128 |
| Hemp joint, effect of, | 129 |
| High service, examples of, | 68, 69, 71, 77, 78 |
| Holly system, | 61, 63, 64, 74 |
| Husband’s balance valve, | 66 |
| Impurities in water, | 7, 22, 24, 25, 26, 34, 35 |
| India—Dams of, | 57 |
| Reservoirs of, | 6 |
| Indianapolis—New supply, | 26 |
| Infiltration, | 27, 28, 29, 87 |
| Inspections for waste of water, | 83, 85 |
| Intakes, change of, | 12, 120 |
| Intercepting wells, | 46 |
| Kirkwood’s, J. P. survey of, | 113 |
| Laramie reservoir, | 110 |
| Lead pipes, effect of soft water, | 129 |
| Leipsic—History of water supply, | 89 |
| Lewiston reservoir, | 110 |
| Little Miami River, | 122 |
| Liverpool—History of, | 49, 58, 83 |
| Well supply, | 37 |
| London—Cholera epidemics, | 12 |
| Covered reservoirs, | 34 |
| Filtration and subsidence, | 29, 32 |
| Hardness of water, | 35 |
| History of water supply, | 20, 80 |
| Pollution of water, | 20, 120 |
| Projected supplies, | 38, 82 |
| Stand pipes, | 65 |
| Thames water, | 20, 120 |
| Well supply, | 37, 38, 106 |
| Cost of works, | 125 |
| Louisville—History of water sup., | 75 |
| Stand-pipe, | 65 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Lowell—Filtering gallery, | 27 |
| Lynn (Mass.)—Wells of, | 46 |
| Lyons (France)—Filtering gallery, | 28 |
| Madrid (Spain)—Aqueduct of, | 54 |
| Mad River, | 110 |
| Magnesia, effect of, | 24 |
| Maintenance of water-works, | 69, 75, 80, 86, 127 |
| Manchester (Eng.), | 12, 49, 84 |
| Markley Farm, | 114, 120, 124 |
| Marseilles—History of, | 53, 89 |
| Meters in use, | 131 |
| Mexico—Water channels of, | 6 |
| Miles of pipe in use, | 131 |
| Moore, A. G., | 33, 124 |
| Newark (N. J.)—Filtering gallery, | 28 |
| Newport plan, | 125 |
| New York—Aqueduct of, | 54 |
| Dams of, | 57 |
| History of, | 68 |
| Pollution of water, | 24, 25 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Ohio River, | 20, 75, 114, 115, 116, 119, 120 |
| Oxidation, | 15, 18 |
| Oxide of iron, use of, | 31 |
| Paisley—Cholera epidemic, | 13 |
| Paris—History of, | 90 |
| Perchloride of iron, use of, | 31 |
| Perth (Scotland)—Filtering gal., | 28 |
| Peru—Water channels of, | 6 |
| Philadelphia—Aqueduct of, | 54 |
| History of, | 68 |
| Schuylkill River, | 19, 118 |
| Water revenue & expense, | 126, 127 |
| Pollution of water, | 13, 17, 22, 25, 26, 117, 120, 129 |
| Pollution of well water, | 38, 46, 105, 106 |
| Poniary reservoir, | 6 |
| Pont du Gard aqueduct, | 5 |
| Population of cities and water-sheds, | 116, 131 |
| Portland (Me.)—History of, | 77 |
| Potable water, | 6, 7, 12, 13, 14 |
| Puddle walls, | 57, 76, 91 |
| Pumping System—Cost of, | 114, 125 |
| Description of, | 59 |
| Examples of, see Chapter V, | 68 |
| Expense of, | 64 |
| Engines, | 61, 64, 67, 81 |
| Survey of, | 114, 122 |
| Tables of, | 59 |
| Purification of Water—Agents, | 17 |
| Aeration, | 15, 16, 19, 20 |
| Deposition, | 18 |
| Dilution, | 18, 19, 20 |
| Means of, | 27, 117, 118, 124 |
| Ohio River, | 122 |
| Oxidation, | 15, 18 |
| Rain-Fall—Availability of, | 49, 51, 84, 85 |
| Measurements of, | 112 |
| Storage of, | 52 |
| Resources of, | 52 |
| Resources of Ohio water-sheds, | 109 |
| Resources for wells, | 46 |
| Reservoir System—Brick structures, | 73, 74 |
| Covered reservoirs, | 34, 83, 91 |
| Deposit in, | 72 |
| Equalizing reservoirs, | 88 |
| Examples of, see Chapter V, | 68 |
| Impounding reservoirs, | 76, 82, 84, 91 |
| Iron tanks, at Cincinnati, | 77 |
| System of, | 6, 59, 68, 69, 75 |
| Relief tanks, | 83, 85 |
| Revenue—Water-rent, | 126, 127 |
| Riparian rights, compensation, | 82, 84, 111 |
| Rivers, flow of, | 116 |
| River Pollution—Description of, | 15, 117, 118, 122 |
| Population on rivers, | 116 |
| Purification of, | 15, 20, 24, 27, 32, 117, 124 |
| Merrimack River, | 18 |
| Ohio River, | 115 |
| Schuylkill River, | 19, 117 |
| Thames River, | 20, 120 |
| Quality of pollution, | 18, 22, 23, 118 |
| Rochester (N. Y.)—New supply, | 26 |
| Rome—Water supply of, | 5 |
| Roquefavour aqueduct, | 53 |
| St. Louis, | 26, 67, 72, 126, 127 |
| St. Mary’s reservoir, | 110 |
| St. Mary’s River, | 89 |
| San Francisco, | 76, 130 |
| Scioto River, | 110 |
| Scowden, T. R., | 75, 120 |
| Sewage in river water, | 9, 10, 20, 23, 118 |
| Sheet-Iron strips, use of, | 31 |
| Schuylkill River, | 19, 117 |
| Sources of supply—Lakes, see Chapter V, | 68 |
| Rivers—See Chapter V, | 68 |
| Springs—See Chapter V, | 68 |
| Wells—See Chapter V, | 68 |
| Soft water, | 35, 84, 129 |
| Spencer’s process of, | 31 |
| Springs, | 36, 82, 84, 88, 90 |
| Stagnation of water, | 25 |
| Stand-Pipes—System of, | 59, 66, 70, 72, 86, 88 |
| Statistics of water-works, | 131 |
| Stuttgart—History of, | 89 |
| Strychnine in water, | 24 |
| Subsidence of water, | 32, 86, 89, 114 |
| Systems of supply, | 36 |
| Taps—Number of, | 131 |
| Thames River, | 20, 21, 32, 117 |
| Toledo—History of, | 65, 80 |
| Toronto filtering gallery, | 28 |
| Turbidity of water, | 32, 72, 88, 90, 115 |
| Toulouse filtering gallery, | 28 |
| Typhoid Fever, cause of, | 15 |
| Vital statistics, | 12, 25, 35, 120 |
| Vienna—History of, | 87 |
| Washington—Aqueduct of, | 54 |
| History of, | 74 |
| Water—Ammonia in, | 9 |
| Analyses of, | 9, 10 |
| Drinking, | 8 |
| Effect on water pipes, | 128 |
| Impurities in, | 7, 8 |
| Sewage in, | 9, 20, 118 |
| Water Companies—See Chap. V, | 68 |
| Dividends of, | 128 |
| Water revenue, | 68, 69, 85, 86, 126 |
| Water pipes, | 128, 129 |
| Water-Power, | 64, 69 |
| Weight of pipe, | 130 |
| Wells—Abatement of, | 106 |
| Availability, | 37, 38, 47, 105 |
| Boring of, | 44 |
| Description of, | 36, 37, 102 |
| Examples of, | 37, 70, 81, 83, 87, 90, 102 |
| Flow of, | 37, 38 |
| Laws of, | 36, 38 |
| Pollution of, | 38, 46, 85, 105 |
| Resources, | 45, 46 |
| Tables of, | 103, 104 |
| Wooden conduits, | 77 |
| Worthington pumps, | 61, 62, 69, 74 |
| Wrought-Iron pipe, | 77, 128 |
| Zymotic diseases of, | 48 |
History of the Water Supply of the World / arranged in a comprehensive form from eminent authorities, containing a description of the various methods of water supply, pollution and purification of waters, and sanitary effects, with analyses of potable waters, also geology and water strata of Hamilton county, Ohio, statistics of the Ohio river, proposed water supply of Cincinnati.
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About This Book
A comprehensive survey of water supply practices worldwide, tracing historical engineering of aqueducts and reservoirs, cataloguing methods of collection, storage, and distribution, and evaluating pollution, purification techniques, and sanitary effects. The work compiles analyses of potable waters, discusses geology and underground water strata for a local county, presents river statistics and a proposed municipal supply, and includes practical tables and diagrams. It reviews classifications of water sources and examines health risks from sewage contamination, aiming to guide selection, treatment, and protection of drinking-water sources.