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Hungarian grammar

Chapter 64: CHAPTER XI CONJUNCTIONS
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About This Book

This work provides a comprehensive overview of the Hungarian language, focusing on its grammar and phonetics. It begins with an introduction to the alphabet, detailing the fourteen distinct vowel characters and their pronunciations, including distinctions between short and long vowels. The text explains the classification of vowels into flats, sharps, and mediates, and discusses the implications of these classifications on word formation and suffix usage. Additionally, it covers the absence of diphthongs in Hungarian and offers insights into compound word formation. The structure is designed to aid learners in understanding the complexities of Hungarian grammar.

CHAPTER XI
CONJUNCTIONS

(A.) Co-ordinating.

1. Copulative.

és[9], and
meg, and
is, also
ismét, again
azaz, that is
vagyis, that is to say
azonkivül, besides
mindmind, both—and
isis, both—and
nemcsakhanem is, not only—but also
aztán or azután, besides

2. Adversative (contrasting).

de or hanem, but
ámde, but, yet
egyébiránt, yet, still
sőt, on the contrary
sőt még is, what is more
mindamellett, nevertheless

3. Alternative.

vagy, or
vagyvagy, either—or
akárakár, whether—or
semsem, neither—nor

(B.) Subordinating.

1. Final (purpose).

hogy, that
különben or máskép, lest

2. Conditional.

ha, if
hogyha, if
hacsak, if only
ha csak nem, unless, if not
föltéve ha, provided that, supposing
másként, if not, otherwise

3. Concessive.

  • bár, habár, bárha, ámbár, noha, though, although.

4. Causal.

  • mert, mivel, mivelhogy, because.
  • hát, tehát, azért, consequently, therefore.
  • minthogy, as, since.

FOOTNOTES:

[9] és is frequently abbreviated to s.