Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Cetoniidæ.
Genus. Gymnetis, MacLeay. Scarabæus, Linn. Cetonia, Fabr.
Gymnetis Lanius. Livida, thorace punctis duobus, elytris maculis plurimis nigris, sterno antice cornuto. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Lanius, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. II. p. 557. No. 77?
Cetonia L. Fabricius Syst. El. II. p. 141. 34. Olivier Ent. 16. p. 19. 15. t. 2. f. 4. Sloane Jamaica, II. tab. 237. f. 7. 8?
Habitat: Jamaica.
Head quadrangular, with a black margin. Antennæ brown. General colour dirty clay. Thorax faintly margined, terminating between the wing-cases in a blunt angle, having four black spots on the top near the head. Elytra with a great number of black spots of different shapes sprinkled all over them. Scutellum concealed. Femora hairy. Tibiæ the same, except the fore ones; all of which are party-coloured, being at the base clay colour, and at the tips black. The tarsi and ungues black. Posterior trochanters large and strong. Sternum long, and inclined from the body.
PLATE XXXIV.
DYNASTES SATYRUS.
Plate XXXIV. fig. 1. ♂.—2. ♀.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ.
Genus: Dynastes, MacLeay. Geotrupes, Fabricius. Scarabæus, Linn. &c.
Dynastes Satyrus. Thorace inermi antice truncato; capitis cornu recurvo capite longiori ♂; clypeo tuberculato, thorace plano. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Geotrupes Satyrus, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. 15. No. 49.
Scarabæus S. Fabr. Spec. Ins. 1. 12. No. 42. Olivier Ent. 13. p. 39. t. 11. f. 94. a. b.
Scarabæus Jamaicensis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Jablonsky, Nat. S. II. p. 83. No. 68. t. 9. fig. 8. 9. (nec Scar. Jamaicensis, Fabr. Oliv.)
Habitat: New York.
Male. Head black, and furnished with a single horn terminating in a point, and bending backwards, having in front two small protuberances; hairy beneath. Thorax black, shining and margined; the upper part elevated, and appearing almost perpendicular. Elytra margined and furrowed; also black, as is the anus. Abdomen reddish brown, with dark yellow hairs. Thighs brown, almost black; broad, strong, and hairy. Anterior tibiæ deeply dentated with a strong spine at the tips, and hairy. Middle tibiæ strong, and very spinose; particularly at the tips, where there are two long ones on each, which are likewise very hairy. Ungues very small. Scutellum triangular and small.
Female. Resembles the male in every part but the thorax and head; the former being quite smooth and convex without any prominence, and the latter, in the room of a horn, has a small protuberance, just discernible by the naked eye.
DYNASTES ANTÆUS.
Plate XXXIV. fig. 3. ♂.—4. ♀.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ.
Genus. Dynastes, MacLeay. Geotrupes, Fabricius. Scarabæus, Linn. &c.
Dynastes Antæus. Thorace tricorni; cornu intermedio longiori simplici, capite mutico, elytris lævissimis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Antæus, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 12. No. 31. Olivier Ent. 1. 3. 24. No. 23. t. 12. f. 105. & t. 13. f. 124. a. b.
Geotrupes A. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 12. No. 36. Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Col. Pl. 1. fig. 5. 6.
Habitat: Jamaica.
Male. Head black, with two small protuberances like teeth in front. Thorax black, smooth, shining, and margined; having three horns on it, each of which is about a third of an inch in length; two of which are placed near the elytra, almost erect, inclining towards each other, but with their points inclining to the wings; the third arises from the front of the thorax, bending backwards in a curved direction. Elytra brown, very smooth, shining, and margined. Scutellum triangular. Abdomen red, brown, and hairy. Tibiæ the same colour, and hairy, all of them being armed with spines, principally about the tips.
Female. Resembles the male in every respect except the horns, which are wanting in that sex.
PELIDNOTA PUNCTATA.
Plate XXXIV. fig. 5.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Rutelidæ.
Genus. Pelidnota, MacLeay. Scarabæus, Linn.
Pelidnota Punctata. Testacea, elytrorum singulo punctis tribus fuscis distantibus. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Punctatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. II. p. 557. 76.
Melolontha P. Fabricius Syst. El. II. p. 166. 28. Olivier Ent. 1. 5. p. 22. t. 1. f. 6. a. b. Herbst. Col. III. p. 69. 16. t. 23. f. 6.
Habitat: New York, Virginia, Maryland, Antigua.
Head brown orange; but round the eyes (which are black) and next the thorax of a shining brassy green. Thorax and elytra brown orange, and faintly margined; the former with two small black spots, and the latter with three on each side, one close to the thorax, another near the corner of the wing-cases, and the third in the middle. Scutellum shining bright green. Abdomen and legs greenish black. Tibiæ spinose and denticulated, especially at the tips; the three middle articulations of the tarsi are also furnished with spines.
AREODA LANIGERA.
Plate XXXIV. fig. 6.
Order: Coleoptera Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Melolonthidæ.
Genus. Areoda, Leach, MacLeay. Melolontha, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn.
Areoda Lanigera. Capite thoraceque aureis, elytris luteis, corpore subtus lanato. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Lanigerus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. II. p. 555. 67.
Melolontha L. Fabr. Syst. El. II. p. 165. 26. Oliv. Ent. 1. 5. p. 21. 17. t. 4. f. 39. a. b. Herbst. Col. III. p. 152. 109. t. 26. f. 8.
Areoda L. MacLeay Horæ Ent. 1. part 1. p. 158.
Habitat: New York, and other parts of North America.
Head brownish yellow, being divided in the middle by a transverse suture, the front or fore part being margined, and very plain or even; posterior part shining green or pearl colour, according to the various directions in which it is held. Thorax and scutellum of a changeable brown yellow colour. Between the thorax and the elytra is a row of pale yellow or white hairs. Elytra lemon-coloured, surrounded by a very small, narrow, black margin, and minutely punctured. Abdomen shining green black, covered with a multitude of grey hairs. Legs red brown. Anterior tibiæ broad and thin; being black on the outside, where they are armed with three strong spines or teeth. Intermediate and posterior tibiæ with two spurs. Ungues remarkably bent and long.
ORYCTES NASICORNIS.
Plate XXXIV. fig. 7. ♂.-8. ♀.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ.
Genus. Oryctes, Illiger. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn.
Oryctes Nasicornis. Thorace prominentiâ triplici, capitis cornu recurvo, elytris lævibus. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 3 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Nasicornis, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 544. No. 15. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 37. No. 41. t. 3. f. 19. a-d. Panzer Faun. Ins. G. 28. No. 2. ♂. Roesel Ins. 11. I. p. 41-65. n. 5. t. 7. f. 8. ♂. f. 10. ♀. & t. 6, 8 & 9. Larva, Pupa, &c. Stephens Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mandibulata, 3. p. 216.
Habitat: Holland, and other parts of Europe.
Male. Head black, with a horn terminating in a point, and bending backwards. Eyes red brown. Thorax brown, almost black, margined and prominent, terminating upwards in three pointed tubercles. Scutellum black, and nearly triangular. Elytra red brown, smooth, shining, slightly margined. The abdomen, legs, and all the under parts of a red brown, and hairy. Tibiæ spined.
Female. Resembles the male in every thing but the head and thorax; having on the former, instead of the horn, a small tubercle, and on the latter a small impression in the place of the pointed knobs.
This insect has been introduced into the list of British species on the authority of the late Mr. Haworth, who recorded the fact of a living specimen having been taken by a bricklayer amongst old timber, on pulling down the roof of a building at Chelsea, (Entom. Trans, vol. i. p. 76.) Mr. Stephens, however, (loc. supra citat.) thinks it very doubtful whether the species be really indigenous, as it appears highly probable that the specimen above alluded to, may have been imported amongst some of the Continental plants which abound in the above vicinity, the insect occurring very copiously in rotten bark, the refuse of conservatories, and putrid wood in various parts of the Continent.
PLATE XXXV.
ONITIS SULCATUS.
Plate XXXV. fig. 1.
Order. Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ.
Genus. Onitis, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn.
Onitis Sulcatus. Ater, capitis tuberculo unico, elytris striatis, thorace anticè lineà irregulari dorsali impresso. (Long. Corp. 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Sulcatus, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Onitis Nicanor, Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 29. Tabl. Col. 2. t. 15. f. 8.
Habitat: Jamaica.
Head broad and thin, hairy underneath; terminating in a short straight horn, inclining backwards, with a small tubercle on each side. Eyes almost surrounded by the thin sides of the head, being placed so as to see both above and below it. Thorax margined, with several protuberances on its front; and on the top with a strong indented line running from the front to the suture of the elytra, where likewise its margin is interrupted by two smaller impressions, forming an appearance like a square escutcheon. Elytra as long as the thorax, margined, and deeply furrowed, scarcely reaching to the anus. General colour above black or raven grey, but not shining. Thighs very strong, black, and broad. Anterior tibiæ strong, with three teeth and a spine. Tarsi and ungues very small. Middle and hinder tibiæ small at the base, but broad and thick with strong spines at the tips. Scutellum obsolete.
COPRIS CAROLINA.
Plate XXXV. fig. 2.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ.
Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabæus, Linn.
Copris Carolina. Thorace retuso binodi, capitis cornu erecto brevissimo, clypeo integro, elytris sulcatis. (Long. Corp. circ. 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Carolinus, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. 545. No. 16. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 43. No. 60. (Copris C.) Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 134. No. 160. t. 12. f. 113. De Geer Ins. 4. p. 310. t. 18. f. 13. Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Amer. et d'Afr. Col. pl. 3. a. f. 7.
Habitat: Maryland, New York.
Head broad and thin, not hairy underneath. Near the front is a thick tubercle (not rising to an horn, as in Fig. I.) projecting forward, being in some specimens (probably females) very small. Thorax margined, lying very high above the head, having protuberances in front, which in some are very faint, and with a small impression on each side near the margin on the lower part. Elytra longer than the thorax, margined and furrowed, (but not so deeply as in Fig. I.), and reaching to the anus. General colour deep black, and shining like pitch, both on the upper and under sides. Thighs very strong, not hairy. The anterior tibiæ strong, with four teeth, and a strong spine to each. The tarsi and ungues very small. The other tibiæ are like those in the preceding figure. Scutellum obsolete.
PHANÆUS CARNIFEX.
Plate XXXV. fig. 3. 4. ♂.—5. ♀.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ.
Genus. Phanæus, MacLeay. Copris, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn.
Phanæus Carnifex. Thorace mutico angulato postice igneo-cupreo, capitis cornu longo reflexo, corpore æneo. (Long. Corp. {8}-{10½} lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Carnifex, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 11. p. 546. No. 22. Fab. Syst. Eleuth. 1. 48. 84. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 135. No. 161. t. 6. f. 46. a. b. t. 10. f. 86. var. ♀. Brown Jamaica, 428. t. 43. f. 5. Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Col. pl. 3. a. f. 8. 9. MacLeay Horæ Entomol. vol. 1. Phanæus C.
Scarabæus Pillularius Americanus, Catesby Carolina, 3. p. 11. tab. 11.
Habitat: New York, Maryland, Virginia, Carolina, &c.
There is no doubt that all these figures belong to one species; though differing, not only in size, but structure. Antennæ light red brown. Head thin, rounded, margined, and of a green golden colour; some (which are evidently males) being furnished with a smooth, round, black horn, almost as long as the thorax, and inclining backwards; others have only a small tubercle in the place of the horn; and others have a small horn, about one-fourth the length of the first mentioned, as in Fig. IV. Thorax next the head golden green; behind and on the upper part is golden red, and margined, rough and shagreened. In the horned specimens this part terminates on each side the posterior margin in a projecting angle, which is more or less conspicuous, in proportion as the horn is long or short. Those which are quite hornless, as Fig. V., are entirely destitute of these angulated risings, having the thorax rounded, but in its front a small black protuberance or swelling is seen. Elytra golden green, inclining to a blue, and very much channelled, with small striæ placed between others of larger size, extending almost even with the anus. Abdomen black, the sides shining green. Anterior femora and tibiæ black and hairy; the latter very strong and dentated, having a long moveable spine fixed on the inner edge of each, extending somewhat beyond the tarsi, which are very short and small. Intermediate and posterior thighs shining golden green, broad and strong. Tibiæ black, with two spines (one very long) at the tips. Tarsi five-jointed, ungues single, and not divided as most insects have them. Scutellum obsolete.
COPRIS MINUTUS.
Plate XXXV. fig. 6.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Copris, Geoffroy. Scarabæus, Drury.
Copris Minutus. Niger, capitis cornu parvo erecto, thorace anticè elevato et tuberculato, elytris striatis. (Long. Corp. 4½ lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Minutus. Drury, App. vol. 2.
Copris Lævis. Schonh. Syn. 1. 54. 126. (Nec Lævis, Drury, tab. 35. f. 7. sec. cit. Sch.)
Habitat: New York.
Entirely black. Head broad and black, extending on each side beyond the eyes, having a small horn on it projecting forwards. Thorax margined, high and prominent, with some small protuberances on its front. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra furrowed, longer than the thorax, and margined; extending beyond the anus. Femora strong and round. Tibiæ small at the base, thickened towards the tips, and armed with spines.
COPROBIUS LÆVIS.
Plate XXXV. fig. 7.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Coprobius, Latr. Ateuchus, Fabr. Scarabæus p. Linn.
Coprobius Lævis. Niger opacus lævis, clypeo emarginato, thorace postice rotundato, elytrorum lateribus humeralibus haud incisis. (Long. Corp. 9 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Lævis, Drury, App. vol. 2. (1773.) Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 160. No. 197. t. 10. f. 89.
Scarabæus Volvens, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 66. No. 221. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 60. No. 26. (Ateuchus v.) (Exclus. syn. Scar. pilularius, Linn.) Schon. Syn. Ins. 1. 1. p. 62.
Habitat: New York, Maryland.
Entirely black, shining like pitch on the under side. Head broad, flattish, and smooth. Thorax margined, smooth, and convex. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra margined, smooth, not reaching to the anus, and rather longer than the thorax. Anterior tibiæ having three teeth on their outer sides, above which are several very minute ones. Intermediate and posterior thighs and tibiæ smaller than are usually observed among those lamellicorn beetles which have no scutellum.
The advantages resulting from the modern method of investigation adopted in Natural History in general, and especially in Entomology, are no where more conspicuous than in the case of the present species of dung-rolling beetles or pillularii, as they were aptly termed by Pliny and other old writers; the present species inhabiting North America, having been long confounded with an inhabitant of Southern Europe, which indeed possesses a similarity in general appearance and habits, but belongs to a distinct genus. Linnæus applied the term pilularius specifically to the species inhabiting Italy and Spain; referring, however, to Catesby's Carolina, pl. 11., so that it is evident that this writer had never seen the North American insect. Schonher however remarks, "scarabæus pillularius Linn. pertinet ad At. volvens Fabr;"[28] whilst Fabricius, although quoting Drury and De Geer (who both figure the North American species) has increased the confusion by giving Southern Europe as its habitat. Under these circumstances I have done our author the justice to revert to his specific name; his being certainly the earliest systematic specific reference to the American species, which may be distinguished from the European one by the following particulars:—
|
Genus. Coprobius, Latreille. (Elytra entire at the sides; intermediate tibiæ with two spurs.) Coprobius lævis, Drury. (Scarab.) volvens, Fabr. Habitat. North America. |
Genus. Gymnopleurus, Illiger. (Elytra with a deep lateral notch near the shoulders; intermediate tibiæ with one spur.) Gymnopleurus pilularius, Linn. (Scarab.) Fabr. Oliv. Habitat. Southern Europe. |
ONITIS SPINIPES.
Plate XXXV. fig. 8.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Onitis, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn. Drury.
Onitis Spinipes. Exscutellatus niger opacus, capite subcornuto, pedibus intermediis dilatatis et incisis. (Long. Corp. fere 1 unc.)
Syn. Scarabæus Spinipes, Drury, App. vol. 2. (1773).
Scarabæus Sphinx, Fabr. Ent. Syst. p. 25. No. 98. (1775.) Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 29. 9. (Onitis Sp.) Schonh. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 31. 10.
Habitat: China.
Entirely black. Head margined and rough, having two small protuberances entirely surrounding the eyes. Palpi rather long. Thorax convex, smooth, and margined, being as long as the elytra, and having on each side near the lateral margin a small impression. On the posterior margin next the suture are two more impressions, and a longer one between them. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra furrowed, and extending to the anus, having a double margin on the sides. Anterior tibiæ as long as the thorax, and remarkable for not having any tarsi, but being bent inwards at their extremities and dentated on their outer sides. Middle femora very broad and flat. Tibiæ short, very narrow, and small at their base, but broad at the tips. Hinder thighs and tibiæ not so broad as the middle ones. Tarsi five-jointed.
PLATE XXXVI.
DYNASTES CENTAURUS.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 1.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Dynastes, MacLeay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn. Latr.
Dynastes Centaurus. Thoracis cornu incurvo basi dentato apice bifido, capitis recurvato unidentato. (Long. Corp. 2 unc. 6 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Centaurus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 4. No. 5. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 4. No. 5. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 14. n. 9. t. 11. f. 104. Jablonsk. Nat. Syst. 1. 223. No. 4. t. 2. f. 1. Schon. Syn. Ins. 1. p. 4. No. 10.
Scarab. Gideon, Drury, App. vol. 2. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.)
Habitat: Sierra Leone (Drury). "In India Orientali, Africa" (Fabricius).
Head and thorax black; the latter terminating in a horn near an inch and a half long, standing almost erect, but bending forward and diminishing towards the end, which is forked, having a strong spine on each side of the front near the base. The head is furnished with another horn that inclines backwards towards the other, and at the extremity is curled and pointed, having a square knob placed on each side near the curl. Elytra dark brown, almost black, smooth and shining. Tibiæ armed with spines and hairs.
Drury states that this insect was brought from Sierra Leone, and that it lives in the mangrove trees; many specimens having been taken from thence.
TRICHIUS FASCIATUS.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 2.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Cetoniidæ.
Genus. Trichius, Fabricius. Cetonia p. Oliv. Scarabæus, p. Linn.
Trichius Fasciatus. Niger, flavo-rufo-tomentosus, elytris atris fasciis duabus luteis internè confluentibus. (Long. Corp. 7-8 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Fasciatus, Linn. Syst. Nat. II. p. 556. Fabricius Ent. Syst. 1. 119. Donovan Brit. Ins. 4. pl. 140. Steph. Illustr. Brit. Ent. Mandibulata, 3. p. 230.
Trichius Succinctus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. II. p. 132 (variety).
Habitat: Germany, France, England.
Head and thorax black, but thickly covered with yellow hairs. The scutellum black and triangular. Elytra tawny yellow, not reaching to the anus; having a black margin, and three large black spots situated on the lateral margin. Abdomen and breast black, and covered with hairs of a very light or pale yellow. Femora and tibiæ black and hairy.
The insect here figured is regarded by most authors as a variety only of the Trichius fasciatus. Fabricius, however, considered it as a distinct species, which he named Trichius succinctus. Dessau also, in the Bulletin des Sciences Naturelles (February 1829), has published some observations, in order to prove the specific distinctness of this and two other species with which it is generally regarded as identical. Its habits are different from those of the other Trichii; being generally found upon flowers, a peculiarity, with which its hirsute body and bee-like appearance apparently offer some indicatorial connexions. It is extremely rare in this country.
DYNASTES TITANUS.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 3. ♂.—4. ♀.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Dynastes, MacLeay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn. Drury.
Dynastes Titanus. Thorace tricorni, intermedio longiori apice bifido, lateralibus subarcuatis acutis, capite mutico. (Long. Corp. cum corn. thorac. 1 unc. 7½ lin.)
Syn. Scarab. Titanus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 1. p. 13. No. 36. Syst. El. 1. p. 13. No. 39. Jablonsk. Nat. Syst. 1. p. 282. t. 6. f. 2. ♂. Olivier, 1. 3. t. 5. f. 38.
Scarabæus Simson, Drury, App. vol. 2. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.)
Scarabæus major niger tricornis, Sloane Jamaica, vol. 2. t. 237. f. 4. 5.
The Great Brown Sawyer, Brown's Jamaica, p. 428. t. 43. f. 6.
Habitat: Jamaica.
Male. Head black. Antennæ dark brown. Thorax black, smooth, and shining, and armed with three horns; two of which, being about one-third of an inch in length, are placed on the upper part on each side, lying almost parallel with the body. Beneath these, near the head, rises another from the middle of the thorax, which is a little longer than the two first, bending upwards, and forked at the extremity. Elytra rather rough and furrowed, but shining and black. Tibiæ armed with spines, especially at the extremity, which facilitate the animal in its passage. Abdomen black; anus with a row of light brown hairs.
Female. Differs from the male chiefly in the thorax, which is entirely unarmed. Black and shining, but rather less so than the males; and in the front, just above the head, is a small impression. All the under parts of the insect which in the males are black, in this sex are of a dark reddish brown. In other circumstances it resembles the male.
DYNASTES GIDEON.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 5.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Dynastidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Dynastes, MacLeay. Geotrupes, Fabr. Scarabæus, Linn. Drury.
Dynastes Gideon. Thoracis cornu incurvo maximo apice bifido, capitis recurvato bifido supra unidentato. (Long. Corp. cum corn. 2 unc. 4½ lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Gideon, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. II. p. 541. No. 2. Swammerdam Book of Nature, t. 30. f. 2. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 4. No. 3. Olivier Ent. 1. 3. p. 14. t. 11. f. 102.
Scarabæus Oromedon, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 4. No. 4. (Var. præcedentis.)
Habitat: East India.
General colour dark brown, almost black. Thorax smooth and shining, as if polished, and terminating in a strong thick horn, which inclines forward in a curved position, and is forked at the end. From the head also springs another strong horn, forked at the extremity, which in length corresponds with the first; its outer side being broad and round, but its inner side, or that opposite the other horn, is thin and sharp, having a small swelling in the middle. Elytra smooth and shining, with a narrow margin. Anterior tibiæ with four teeth; two being at the tip, and two a little above them. The other tibiæ are furnished with several sharp spines (five or six), chiefly about the tips; which, as noticed in D. Titanus, assist the animal in its passage. Anus not hairy, as in many other species.
CYCLOCEPHALA SIGNATA.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 6.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Rutelidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Cyclocephala, Latreille. Chalepus, MacLeay. Scarabæus, Drury.
Cyclocephala Signata. Glabra, pallidè lutea, thorace lineis duabus, elytris maculis tribus, duabus aut nullis. (Long. Corp. 7-8 lin.)
Syn. Melolontha Signata. Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. II. p. 169. No. 51. Oliv. Ent. 1. 5. t. 4. f. 33. & 36. Herbst. Col. III. p. 79. f. 2. 32.
Scarabæus Amazonus? Drury, App. vol. 2. Sloane Hist. Jamaica, 11. p. 206. 8. t. 237. f. 38. (Exclus. Syn. Linn.)
Habitat: Antigua, New York, Virginia, St. Christopher's.
Entirely dark dirty straw-coloured. Thorax margined, with two oblong black spots on it. Scutellum triangular. Elytra margined, with two small faint brown spots on each. Abdomen and legs hairy, the former extending beyond the ends of the elytra. Anterior tibiæ spinose; the internal spur being remarkably long.
COPROBIUS TRIANGULARIS.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 7.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Coprobius, Latr. Scarabæus, Linn. Drury. Ateuchus, Fabr.
Coprobius Triangularis. Niger; clypeo bidentato, thoracis margine fulvo obtusè angulato, femoribus posticis brunueis. (Long. Corp. fere 6 lin.)
Syn. Scarabæus Triangularis, Drury, App. vol. 2. Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 30. No. 122. Syst. Eleuth. 1. p. 63. No. 42. Oliv. Ent. 1. 3. p. 166. t. 15. f. 139.
Habitat: Surinam.
Head dirty green. Thorax very convex and broad, dark yellow all round the edge, but black in the middle, and of a coppery hue. Elytra black and margined. Abdomen yellow. Anus black. Thighs yellow. Tibiæ and tarsi black. Scutellum obsolete.
ONTHOPHAGUS SERRATIPES.
Plate XXXVI. fig. 8.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Lamellicornes. Family: Scarabæidæ, MacLeay.
Genus. Onthophagus, Latreille. Copris, Fabricius. Scarabæus, Drury.
Onthophagus Serratipes. Niger, capite lato, abdomine subæneo, elytris striatis luteo marginatis. (Long. Corp. lin. 5.)
Syn. Scarabæus Serratipes, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Habitat: China.
Head and thorax black; the former very broad. Antennæ are black. Abdomen dark green, almost black. Scutellum obsolete. Elytra rather longer than the thorax, furrowed and black, slightly margined; just above which, all round their external edges, they are of a dirty clay colour. Anus the same.
PLATE XXXVII.
PRIONUS (ORTHOSOMA) PENSYLVANICUS.
Plate XXXVII. fig. 1.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. Family: Prionidæ, Leach.
Genus. Prionus, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. Subgenus: Orthosoma, Serv.
Prionus (Orthosoma) Pensylvanicus. Obscurus, thorace marginato tridentato, pectore abdomineque ferrugineis, antennis brevibus. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 6 lin.)
Syn. Cerambyx Pensylvanicus, De Geer Mem. 5. p. 99. t. 13. f. 13.
Cerambyx unicolor, Drury. App. vol. 2.
Cerambyx brunneus, Forster Cent. Ins. p. 37. Linn. Syst. N. (Gmel.) 1. iv. 1828.
Cerambyx cylindroides, Linn. Syst. Nat. (Ed. Gmel.) 1. iv. 1818.
Prionus cylindricus, Fabr. Sp. Ins. 1. p. 207. 14. Syst. Eleuth. II. p. 261. Oliv. Ent. iv. 66. p. 23. t. 1. f. 6. Latr. Gen. Cr. III. p. 33. Serv. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1. 156. (Orthosoma c.)
Habitat: New York.
Head dark chesnut-coloured. Antennæ about two-thirds of the length of the insect. Thorax somewhat darker, rounded, and margined; having three small spines on each side. Scutellum semi-oval. Elytra light chesnut, margined, and flattish; being about three times the length of the thorax and head, and broad at their extremities. Abdomen, thighs, and tibiæ red chesnut, shining as if polished.
PRIONUS (DEROBRACHUS) LATICOLLIS.
Plate XXXVII. fig. 2.
Order: Coleoptera. Section: Longicornes. Family: Prionidæ, Leach.
Genus. Prionus, Fabr. Cerambyx, Linn. Subgenus: Derobrachus, Serv.
Prionus (Derobrachus) Laticollis. Niger latus, thorace marginato transverso, tridentato, atro nitido; antennis brevibus. (Long. Corp. 1 unc. 9 lin.)
Syn. Cerambyx Laticollis, Drury, App. vol. 2.
Prionus brevicornis, Fabricius Syst. Eleuth. 2. p. 260. 15. Sch. Syn. Ins. 3. 339. Pal. Beauv. Ins. d'Afr. et d'Amer. Col. Pl. 34. f. 3.
Habitat: New York.
Head black. Antennæ 12-jointed, about half the length of the insect. Thorax black, broad, short, and shining; thick in the middle, but on the sides thin and jagged. Scutellum bell-shaped. Elytra rough, black, and margined on the sides and suture; extending in one of the sexes beyond the anus. Abdomen and under parts black and shining. Tibiæ with two short spurs. Tarsi beneath of a dirty clay colour.
STENOCORUS (EBURIA) QUADRIMACULATUS.
Plate XXXVII. fig. 3.