A clinical overview of sleep and sleeplessness that explains the physiology of sleep, catalogs causes of insomnia—including symptomatic, intrinsic (psychic, emotional, senile) and toxic origins (tobacco, alcohol, tea, coffee, gout-related)—and outlines typical symptoms and varieties. It assesses hypnotic drugs and their risks and emphasizes causal, individualized treatment, discussing remedies such as bromide therapy and correction of underlying disorders alongside nonpharmacologic measures like physical exercise, sunlight, ventilation, diet, bed management, and other supportive adjuvants to restore healthy sleep patterns.