The volume collects natural-history observations and philosophical argument to contend that intelligence and spiritual qualities extend throughout plant and animal life. Drawing on behavioral anecdotes and scientific reflection, it surveys memory, learning, pride, social feeling and adaptive responses in animals, and attributes sensibility and purposive activity to plants. It frames these findings in theological and moral terms, proposing a shared breath of life and considering the possibility of continuity beyond bodily death, while urging compassionate treatment of humble creatures and encouraging closer study of nature as a guide to human character.