James's Account of S. H. Long's Expedition, 1819-1820, part 4

{lxxix} Having but a small number of words of the two following Languages, it is thought proper to insert them separately from the above comparative tables, in order that the columns may not be too much extended.

Good, sant

Bad, kate-sant

Salmon, au-gi

Come, ke-ma

Large, pe-up

Big river, pau-pe-up

To eat, bo-re-can

White people, tab-ba-bo—people of the sun

Go, nu-me-a-ro

To copulate, yo-co

To see, ma-bo-ne

Did not see it, ka-en-ma-bo-na

To love, kom-muh

A great many, shant

Bison, kot-zo

Antelope, wa-re

Elk, pa-re

Awl, we-u

Beaver, ha-nish

Friend, hants

Woman, wipe

Water, pa

Horse, bunk-o

No, ka-he

Tash-e-pa, pierced nose—a nation of the Columbia

Paw-kees, black feet Indians

Pun-ash, root eaters—a band of Shoshones who call a horse toish, and a squaw mo-co-ne

White people, mash-te-se-re—yellow eyes

Pawkees or Black-feet, e-chip-e-ta

Poor, bats-ish-cat

Powerful or strong, bats-atsh

Good, e-tschick

Bad, kab-beak

Bison, be-sha

Bison bull, che-ra-pa

Beaver, be-rap-pa

Tobacco, o-pa

Where, sho

Far, ham-a-ta

Mountain, am-a-†ha-ba

Elk, e-che-re-ca-te—little horse

Finished or completed, kar-a-ko-tuk

Knife, mit-se

What, sa-pa

Near, ash-ka

Friend, she-ka

To eat, ba-boush-mek

Gunpowder, be-rups-spa

Little, e-ro-ka-ta

Name which they give to the Sioux nation, mar-an-sho-bish-ko—or the cut throats

Young woman, me-ka-ta

Water, me-ne

Fire, be-da

Wood, mon-a

River, an-sha

Horse, e-che-ra

No, bar-a-ta

White people, maz-onk-ka—iron makers

Americans, ma-he-hun-jeh—big knife

British, ra-gar-rash-ing, probably not an Oto word

Ioway nation, pa-ho-ja—gray snow

Missouri nation, ne-o-ta-tcha—those who build a town at the mouth of a river

Mississippi river, ne-o-hun-je—the river that enlarges as it runs, or ne-ber-a-‡je, water of knowledge

Missouri river, ne-su-ja—smoky water

Osage river, ne-ska—white water

Grand river, nesh-na-hun-ja—big water

Konzes river, to-pe-o-ka—good potatoe river

Nodowa river, ne-a-ton-wa—jump over river, or ne-wa-ton

Walk, ma-ne

Distant, har-re

Deer, tah-che

Green, toh-tsche

Platte river, ne-bras-ka—or flat water

Little Platte river, ne-breska-ingya—little flat water

Tarkio river, tar-ke-u

Nemehaw river, ne-mo-ha-hun-ge

Little Nemehaw river, ne-mo-haing-ya

Nishnabatona river, nish-na-bot-ona—canoe making river

Weeping water river, ne-ha-ga—weeping water

Saline creek, nes-co—salt water

Loup fork of the Platte river, Pawneeomawhaw-ne-etow-wa

Elk-horn creek, wa-ta-tung-ya

Konza river, Konza-ne-etow-wa—or the river belonging to the Konzas

Run, nong-a

Leap, ta-wa

Fight, a-ke-ra-ga

Eat, wa-ro-ja

Drink, rat-tong

Steal, mo-no

Talk, e-cha

Strength, bre-hra

Weakness, wa-ha-ha

Poor, wa-was-tong

Near, as-ke

Different, e-tan-tong

Good, pe-ay

Bad, pish-co-na

Mockeson, a-ko-je

Gunpowder, ak-ho-je

Ball, ma-za-muh

Looking-glass, ma-zo-ka-tou-a

Long, thra-ja

Short, su-is-cha

Broad, ar-ru-cha-hun-ja

Thick, sho-ga

Thin, bra-ka

Father, in-ko—used by a person when addressing his father. This word is said by Lewis and Clarke, p. 36, to mean chief, but this seems to be a mistake.

Twenty, kra-ba-nuh-no-wa

Twenty-one, krabanuhnowa-agen-ne-yon-ka?

Thirty, krabanuh-ta-ne

One hundred, krabanuh-ho-yong

One hundred and one, krabanuhhoyongagenneyonka

One thousand, krabanuhhoyonghon-ja—or big hundred

White people, wah-ha—makers

Americans, mah-he-tun-guh—big knife

British, suk-an-ash—not a proper Omawhaw word

Hat, wa-ha-pa-ga-rong

Hatchet, maz-za-pa-‡jin-ga

Axe, maz-za-pa-tun-guh

Prairie dog's burrow, man-ne-†ho-da-te

Grizzly bear, mon-tschu

White hare, mas-tschi-ska

Porcupine, pa-he

Bald eagle, he-ra-pa-song

Grey eagle, he-ra-gra ‡je

Black bear, wa-sa-ba

Dragon fly, te-ne-nik-a

Sword, mah-he-tun-guh

Small knife, mah-he-‡jin-guh

Canoe, mun-da

Thunder, †ger-rong

Breech-cloth, ‡ja-a-de-gar-rong

Niece, we-te-‡jeh by the men, we-to-‡jon-ga by the squaws

Brother-in-law, tahong

Deer skin, ta-ha

Sweet maize, wat-tan-ze-ske-ra

Common maize, wat-tan-ze-sar-ra-ga

An ear of maize, wa-ha-ba

Abdomen, ta-ze

Paunch or stomach, ne-ha

Mammæ, mon-za, same as iron

People, ne-ka-shing-ga, or ne-kuh-shing-guh

Young warrior, wa-se-se-ga

Warm, mash-ta

Nostrils, pah-shu-sha

Human skin, he-ha

Deep blue, toh-che

Dance, wat-che. Sometimes the word ga-ha, to make, is subjoined to this word in order to distinguish from their term for copulation

His child, e-ne-se

Me (I) make, pa-†ha, very like the word for hill

My true child, we-se-‡jun-tsche-nu

It is said there is none, ning-ga-um

Bad or ugly, pa-‡juh—a word used in anger, principally by the squaws

Poor as a turkey, wah-pa-ne-ze-ze-ka-a-go

I am as poor as a turkey, a-mah-panezezekaago

You are as poor as a turkey, war-ichpanezezekaago

It was red with blood, wa-me-‡je-da-ka

I will not go, a-bra-muj‡-‡je

Come here, ge-ga-ha

Little Platte river, ne-bras-ka-‡jinguh—Little flat water

Konza river, Konza-ne-eta

Bowyer creek, ne-ha-ba—shallow water

Little Sioux creek, wa-ta

Run, to-na

Leap, we-sa

Fight, ke-ke-na

Eat, wa-brat-ta

Drink, brat-tong

Steal, mo-no

Talk, e-a, very like stone

Strength, wash-ca-tun-ga

Weakness, wa-ha-ha

Poor, wah-pa-ne

Near, ash-ka

Good, o-dong

Bad, o-dong-buj‡-‡je, or o-dan-‡je, or pe-a-‡ja

Mockeson, *han-pa

Gunpowder, mah-†ho-da

Ball, mah-za-muh

Looking-glass, ne-o-ke-garras-se

Long, sna-da

Short, cha-shkah

Broad, bras-ka

Thick, sho-guh

{lxxxii} Thin, bra-ka

Thirteen, a-gar-e-ra-be-ne

Twenty, kra-ba-ra-nom-ba

Twenty-one, krabaranomba-ke-de-me-ach-che

Thirty, krabara-be-ne

Thirty-one, krabarabene-ke-de-me-ach-che

One hundred, krabara-he-me

One hundred and one, krabarahe-me-ke-de-me-ach-che

One thousand, krabaraheme-ton-ga

One thousand and one, krabara-he-metonga-kedemeachche

Nine thousand, krabarahemeton-ga-shon-ka

Yellow Belly, ta-ze-ze

Little God, wah-conda-‡jin-ga

God, wah-conda

He that carries his feet, se-ge-e

He that has four feet, se-to-ba

Four hands, nom-ba-to-ba

Two legs, ‡ja-ga-nom-ba

Four nails, sha-ga-to-ba

Big hand, nomba-tun-ga

Big eyes, ish-ta-tun-ga

He who deliberates, wa-ru-ger-rong

Buffaloe rib, ta-re-ta

Buffaloe tail, ta-sin-da

Buffaloe head, ta-pa

Buffaloe bull, ta-nu-ga

Buffaloe calf, ta-‡jin-ga

Little white bear, mut-chu-‡jinga

Black white bear, mut-chu-sa-ba

Black bird, wa-‡jinga-sa-ba

He that walks on the edge, o-hon-ga-mon-e

He that makes signs as he walks, wa-bom-en-e

He that walks behind, a-ga-ha-mo-ne

He that hunts as he walks, o-na-mun-ne

The walking cloud, mah-pe-mun-ne

The strong walker, wash-ka-mun-ne

He who walks when fruit is ripe, se-da-mun-ne

He who cries as he walks, ha-ga-mun-ne

He who walks beyond others, ko-she-ha-mun-ne

He who arrived in haste, wash-con-he

He who is not afraid of tracks, se-gra-na-pa-ba

The white horse, shon-ga-ska

Seven, pa-num-ba

Ace of spades, o-ka-de-ga-rong

Little cook, o-hon-‡jin-ga

Head wind or North wind, ke-ma-ha

Big skunk, mon-ga-tun-ga

Prairie wolf, mon-e-kus-se

Swan, me-hus-ca-tun-ga

He who walks double, nom-ba-mon-ne

Black breast, mon-ga-sab-ba

No hand, nom-ba-ning-ga

Brave, wa-shu-sha

No knife, ma-he-ning-ga

Two tails, sin-da-num-ba

The top of the tent-poles which are tied together, te-she-mo-ha

Big bullet, ma-ze-mat-tunga

Medicine mouth, e-wa-ho-ba

He who carries real medicines, mac-ca-n-e

Wet mockeson, hom-pa-no-ca

Big leggings, o-tant-tun-ga

Smoke maker, shu-da-goch-ha

Two faces, in-da-nom-ba

The twins, nom-ba-dant

Yellow knife, ma-he-ze

The first moon, me-ta-e

Na-sa-za

{lxxxiii} Village, towoin

Me-hun-guh

First thunder, ti-en-e

Female sun, me-teh-ha

Female moon, me-um-bun-ne

Female axe, mas-up-pa-me

Female deer that looks, wa-tum-bun-ne

The first thunder that falls, ta-ingga-ra

Zt!—This is used by the men when contemplating a fine trinket, looking-glass, &c.; they sometimes say zt-o-dah!

Sheh-zt-zt-zt! or wah-zt-zt-zt! or oah-zt-zt-zt! is used by the men for driving dogs out of mischief.

Eh-zt-zt-zt-zt! by the women on the same occasion.

Heh! an inspiration—used by the women when a sudden but trifling accident occurs—as it is also used by the white females.

Ke-a!—the first syllable nasal—by the women for calling their dogs.

Wo-oh! by the men for calling their dogs or horses. It is a sound very similar to that used by the whites to halt horses.

Wah-man-gar-ing-ga! Be off, or go away—spoken in anger—this would be the last word, an attack would succeed if disregarded.

O-hoh! (drawn out very long) used to one who has been troubling them a long time—it would precede the preceding exclamation in the gradation of displeasure.

Ge-ga-ha! wah-ge-ga-ra! o-hoh-ge-gar-a!—the successive expressions of impatience in calling a person to come.

Hi-o! The answer of a squaw to one who calls.

Ha! The answer of a man to one who calls.

Da-dansh-ta-a! An exclamation similar in signification to O, alas, me!

American, me-na-has-hah—Long knife

British, sa-kin-da-sha. This appears to be an adopted word.

Physician, wa-pe-a-we-a-cha-sha

Village, o-tong-y-a

Eagle, ho-yah

Green, to-we-toy-ya, or "the blue to dye with"—they have no other word for this colour.

Warm, mach-ta

Pawnees, pa-dan-o-ta

Sioux, da-co-ta

Run, e-ong-ka

Leap, e-ep-se-sha

Fight, ke-che-za

Eat, wo-tah

Drink, ya-ta-kong

Talk, e-ah

Good, wash-ta

Gunpowder, cha-hun-da

Thirteen, a-ka-ya-me-ne

Nineteen, a-ka-nuh-pet-che-wung

Twenty, wek-chem-in-eh-nom-pa

Twenty-one, wekcheminehnompah-a-ka-ong-ge

Thirty, wekcheminuh-ya-me-ne

Thirty-one, wekcheminuhyamene-a-ka-ong-‡jin

One hundred, o-pang-ha

One hundred and one, opangha-aka-ong-‡jin

One thousand, kok-o-tong-o-pang-ha

One thousand and one, kokotongopangha-a-ka-ong-‡jin

Ten thousand, kokotongopanghawekcheminuh

American, man-ce-ech-te-et—big knife

British, bo-she-it-to-†chre-shu-pe-sha—the men who bring black cloth

French, bo-she

Spaniard, was-she-o-man-ti-qua

Crow Indians, par-is-ca-oh-panga—the crow people

Crow Indians, another band, ehha-tza—the people of leaves

Snake Indians, ma-buc-sho-roch-pan-ga

Flat-headed Indians, a-too-ha-pe

Pierced-nose Indians, a-pa-o-pa

Black foot Indians, it-ze-su-pe-sha

Gros ventre of the Fort prairie, a band of Black feet, a-re-tear-opan-ga

Assinniboin Indians, e-tans-kepa-se-ta-qua

Shienne Indians, a-was-she-tanqua, or it-anse-po-‡je

Sauteur Indians, ha-hat-tong

Mandan Indians, a-rach-bo-cu

Rickaree Indians, a-rick-a-ra-one

Sioux Indians, it-ans-ke

Pawnee Loups Indians, sa-‡jer-opan-ga

Les Noire Indians, at-te-shu-pesha-loh-pan-ga

The Red Shield Chief, one of the principal chiefs, e-tam-ina-gehiss-sha

The Borgne or One Eye, grand chief, a remarkable man, he was killed by the Red Shield, a few years since, ka-ko-a-kis

{lxxxv} Missouri river, amanti-a-‡je—the river that carries canoes

Little Missouri river, a-manti-ca-‡ja—the river that carries little canoes

Yellow Stone River, mit-ze-re-a-‡je—the river of yellow rocks

Physician, mat-za-ma-ho-pa

Village, a-ma-teh

Prairie, a-mon-su-ket

Eagle, ich-pro-hich

Arrow point, e-tah-e

Tomahawk, weep-sa-lan-ga

Green, †hau-te-ge

Emasculation, an-ju-ca-da-‡jus

Little wolf, bot-sas

Blanket, wash-a-echre-o-tucke

Mountain, avo-ca-ve

Kill, ta-ha

Die, tas

Scalp, a-ram-pa-tsak-ke

He or she, ne

Bison cow, me-te-ya

A thick forest of small trees, be-ra-she-e-pe

Run, te-re-a

Leap, te-chre

Fight, re-ke

Eat, ma-rou-ta

Drink, be-de-he

Steal, ma-a-shan-re

Talk, de-da

Mockasin, o-pah

Gunpowder, mer-e-ze-ba

Nineteen, a-pe-no-was-sap-pa

Twenty, no-o-pah-pe-ra-gas

Thirty, na-me-a-pe-ra-gas

Forty, to-pah-a-pe-ra-gas

One hundred, pe-ra-gas-ich-te-et

One thousand, pe-re-gas-ich-te-et-a-cah-co-re

Grand Pawnees, tcha-we

Loups or Pawneeomawhaws, ske-re

Pawnee Republicans, ze-ka-ka or ket-ka-kesh

Tappage band, pe-tou-we-ra

Not, buj‡-‡je

Tool Robe, (the republican grand chief), sha-re-a-deeksh-taw-we

Thirteen, tou-wet-lok-she-re

Fourteen, lah-ko-ke-ta

Fifteen, she-oksh-ta-ro-ke-ta

Sixteen, shrou-we-o

Seventeen, tou-wet-ka-ke, (twenty less three)

Eighteen, pet-ko-ka-ke, (twenty less two)

Nineteen, as-ko-ka-ke, (twenty less one)

Twenty, pe-tou-o

Twenty-one, petouo-as-ko

Thirty, luk-she-re-we-tou-o

Thirty-one, luksherewetouo-as-ko

Forty, pet-ko-sho-o-ra-ro

Forty-one, petkoshooraro-as-ko

Fifty, petkoshoorarolokshere

Sixty, tou-wet-ra-ro

Seventy, touwetrarolokshere

Seventy-one, touwetrarolokshere askolokshere

Eighty, shke-tiksh-ta-ro

Eighty-one, shketikshtaroasko

Ninety, shketikshtarolokshere

Ninety-one, shketikshtaroaskolokshere

One hundred, she-koksh-ta-ro

One thousand, petkoshoorarolokshere-tsa-e-ksh

The name of one individual of the Pawnee Loups is "The maker of God."